Abstract: Provided are polymer-aerogel composite coatings, devices and articles including polymer-aerogel composite coatings, and methods for preparing the polymer-aerogel composite. The exemplary article can include a surface, wherein the surface includes at least one region and a polymer-aerogel composite coating disposed over the at least one region, wherein the polymer-aerogel composite coating has a water contact angle of at least about 140° and a contact angle hysteresis of less than about 1°. The polymer-aerogel composite coating can include a polymer and an ultra high water content catalyzed polysilicate aerogel, the polysilicate aerogel including a three dimensional network of silica particles having surface functional groups derivatized with a silylating agent and a plurality of pores.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a winter precipitation barrier composition, comprising: a retaining agent, a solvent, and optionally, an auxiliary component, such as a rheology/viscosity modifier, surfactant, detergent, foaming/defoaming additive, humectant, dye, colorant, fragrance, or a combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the retaining agent comprises a primarily hydrophobic monomer or a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: A leading edge structure for use in an aerospace vehicle includes a body having a flowpath surface which defines a leading edge adapted to face an air flow during operation; and a metallic icephobic plating comprising nickel applied to at least a portion of the flowpath surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for production of a clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability includes a gas supplier for supplying a gas to an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound, and a cooler for cooling the aqueous solution, the apparatus producing the clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability including both the quaternary ammonium compound and the gas as guests by supplying the gas to the aqueous solution with the gas supplier in the stage of cooling with the cooler.

Abstract: The use of hydrophobins for preventing the formation of ice on surfaces, especially for the prevention of ice formation on aircraft surfaces.

Abstract: A de-icing and anti-icing composition in the form of an aqueous solution which includes sugars, and an inorganic freezing point depressant in the form of a chloride salt.

Abstract: Deicing compositions comprised of glycerol-containing by-products of triglyceride processing processes are disclosed.

Abstract: The energy-free refrigeration door of the present application provides a way to control condensation when the door of a refrigeration unit is opened by providing thermal insulation to the door with glass panels which have a low emissivity coating. The door includes a door frame housing and an insulating glass unit comprising inner, middle and outer sheets of glass. A first sealant assembly disposed around the periphery of the inner and middle sheets of glass forms a first chamber between the inner and middle sheets of glass. A second sealant assembly disposed around the periphery of the middle and outer sheets of glass forms a second chamber between the middle and outer sheets of glass. A gas, such as krypton, air, or argon is held in the first and second chambers. The outer sheet of glass and inner sheet of glass each have an unexposed surface that faces the middle sheet of glass.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are deicing and anti-icing compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol, wherein the 1,3-propanediol in said deicing or anti-icing composition has a bio-based carbon content of about 1% to 100%. In addition, it is preferred that the 1,3-propanediol be biologically-derived, and wherein upon biodegradation, the biologically-derived 1,3-propanediol contributes no anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A composition for deicing or inhibiting formation of ice includes waste material from a fermentation process for producing an amino acid from a carbohydrate source, and at least some second anti-freezing and deicing agent or a carrier. The active agent is waste material from a fermentation process for producing an amino acid from a carbohydrate source. The carrier may be water. A method for deicing an icy surface includes applying to that surface an effective amount of waste material from a fermentation process for producing an amino acid from a carbohydrate source.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a heat storage substance, a heat storage agent, a heat transport medium, and a cold insulation agent having low corrosiveness and a high latent heat quantity at a low cost, their production method, and a cold reservoir and a cold insulator containing the heat storage substance as content. The heat storage substance is characterized by containing a tri-n-butylalkylammonium salt and water. The heat storage substance is characterized by containing either tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium bromide or tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium chloride and water. The heat storage agent is characterized by containing a tri-n-butylalkylammonium salt and water. The heat storage agent is characterized by containing either tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium bromide or tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium chloride and water. The heat transport medium is characterized by containing a tri-n-butylalkylammonium salt and water.

Abstract: An dual path kiln is provided that includes a kiln having one or more chambers and at least two lumber charge paths adapted to convey lumber through the kiln in opposite directions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preventing frost and facilitating removal of winter precipitation relative to a windshield, comprising applying to a windshield a winter precipitation barrier composition. In one embodiment, the barrier composition comprises: a solvent and a silicon containing compound, the silicon containing compound comprising at least one of a reactive silane, a polyalkylene oxide polysiloxane, or a combination of at least one of the foregoing, wherein the reactive silane is at least one of a halosilane having the formula XnSiR4-n1??(I); an alkoxysilane or aminosilane having the formula a compound of formula (R6)3Si—R7—Si(R8)3??(III); or a combination comprising one or more of the foregoing reactive silanes. In another embodiment, the disclosed winter precipitation barrier composition comprises a reactive silane and a solvent, wherein the reactive silane is as described above.

Abstract: An improved processing of sugar beet molasses (MDS—Molasses Desugarized Solubles) with the addition of applied heat at about 140° F. to about 180° F. for a time sufficient to, along with alkali degradation, at any given concentration of MDS, show an increase in overall melt value performance when compared to non-use of the heat step.

Abstract: An apparatus having a composite sea-based structure with a first carbon nanotube infused material and a second carbon nanotube infused material. The first and second carbon nanotube infused materials each having a range of carbon nanotube loading selected to provide different functionalities.

Abstract: An apparatus having a composite air-based structure with a first carbon nanotube infused material and a second carbon nanotube infused material. The first and second carbon nanotube infused materials each having a range of carbon nanotube loading selected to provide different functionalities.

Abstract: Halide brine solutions that contain a dissolved salt of an alkali metal halide or alkali earth metal halide, and an anticorrosion agent comprising an alcohol diglycinate are described. The halide brine solutions may be used to treat transportation surfaces for deicing, anti-freezing, and dust suppression, among other applications. For example, methods of treating a transportation surface with a deicing composition to slow the formation of ice and snow on the surface are described. These methods may include providing the deicing composition that includes an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride, and an ethanoldiglycinate disodium salt. The deicing composition may be sprayed on the transportation surface in an amount effective to slow the formation of ice and snow on the surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a powdery snow-clearing, de-icing and antiskid composition, characterised in that it comprises a mixture of calcium salts containing from 70 to 90 wt % of calcium chloride and from 10 to 30 wt % of calcium carbonate. The invention also relates to a method for producing the same and to the use thereof as a snow-clearing agent.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composition for temperature control and heat storage consisting of sodium sulfate decahydrate, a compound of copolymers, a kind of fibers, a fusion temperature-depressing salt, a nucleating agent, and water, and a method of making it. The composition has high heat storage capacity and temperature control ability of about 35-65 Kwh/m3 within human comfort temperature level of 16 to 28° C., stable and suitable for temperature control and heat storage in buildings and houses.

Abstract: A deicing composition is provided. The composition includes a potassium or sodium salt of a carboxylic acid and a lithium salt of a carboxylic acid or lithium nitrate, wherein the molar ratio of lithium to potassium or lithium to sodium is from 10 percent to 80 percent.

Abstract: A composition for deicing or for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid is provided. The composition comprises a mixture of at least two carboxylic acid salts having a t/c ratio of 2 or lower, including a dicarboxylic salt and a monocarboxylic salt, said dicarboxylic salt being present in the mixture in an amount of at least 50 wt % of the weight of the mixture, on a dry basis. More particularly, said mixture is including a succinate and a formate, wherein the succinate is in an amount of at least 50 wt %, on a dry basis. Also provided is a method for deicing a surface or preventing the accumulation of ice, snow or a mixture thereof on a surface, comprising a step of applying on a surface covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, or susceptible of being covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, the above composition. The composition is also useful for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid coolant to be used in a heat transfer system comprising a heat transfer fluid provided with a cooling system.

Abstract: Novel deicing compositions and methods of using and forming those compositions are provided. The compositions comprise a blend of NaCl, KCl, and MgCl2, with the NaCl preferably being coated with a solution comprising an ice melt trigger and/or urea. The deicing composition has low corrosion, particularly when compared to a NaCl solution. At the same time, the compositions have superior melt properties compared to NaCl solutions as well as other prior art deicers. The deicing compositions are useful for melting ice on surfaces such as roadways.

Abstract: A method of removing color bodies from a fermentation broth includes precipitating a color-forming impurity (color body) by adjusting the fermentation broth to a pH greater than about 13; filtering our precipitated color-forming impurities from the broth; and bleaching a second color impurity by treating the broth with an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a winter precipitation barrier composition, comprising: a retaining agent, a solvent, and optionally, an auxiliary component, such as a rheology/viscosity modifier, surfactant, detergent, foaming/defoaming additive, humectant, dye, colorant, fragrance, or a combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the retaining agent comprises a primarily hydrophobic monomer or a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: A composition for deicing or for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid is provided. The composition comprises a mixture of at least two carboxylic acid salts having a t/c ratio of 2 or lower, including a dicarboxylic salt and a monocarboxylic salt, said dicarboxylic salt being present in the mixture in an amount of at least 50 wt % of the weight of the mixture, on a dry basis. More particularly, said mixture is including a succinate and a formate, wherein the succinate is in an amount of at least 50 wt %, on a dry basis. Also provided is a method for deicing a surface or preventing the accumulation of ice, snow or a mixture thereof on a surface, comprising a step of applying on a surface covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, or susceptible of being covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, the above composition. The composition is also useful for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid coolant to be used in a heat transfer system comprising a heat transfer fluid provided with a cooling system.

Abstract: A two component low temperature heat transfer composition comprising 18% to 76% by volume of an ether component and 82% to 24% by volume of an alkylbenzene component which composition transfers thermal energy to itself from a material which is to be cooled and maintains a prolonged liquid phase in the temperature range from room temperature of about 68° F. to a very cold ?175° F.; said composition being continually rejuvenated by exposure in alternating cycles to cryogenic or refrigerant materials, such as liquid nitrogen which removes thermal energy from the ether alkylbenzene composition which is maintained in a prolonged liquid phase throughout said temperature range which makes it suitable for use in very cold applications.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an interlayer film for a laminated glass in which zinc oxide fine particles are excellently dispersed, a laminated glass, and a zinc oxide fine particle dispersion.

Abstract: Devices are described that include a component comprised of a material having a structure of R1—C(O)—NX—R2, wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently a saturated alkyl having between 7-22 carbon atoms or an aryl, X is H or C(O)—Y, Y together with R1 forms a ring. The material is characterized by a single, sharp melting point, thus making it suitable for use, for example, in thermo-mechanical actuating devices or in temperature-indicating devices. Also described are compositions comprising two or more materials each having a structure of Rn1—C(O)—NH—Rn2 wherein, n is an identifying integer corresponding to a material in the composition; wherein for each material n in the composition, Rn1 and Rn2 are a saturated alkyl having between 7-22 carbon atoms, wherein for each material n Rn1 and Rn2 differ by one carbon atom, arid wherein the number of carbon atoms in Rn2 of each material n differs by four or less.

Abstract: A controlled release additive composition for use in aqueous coolant systems is disclosed and comprises a core containing at least one additive component and a polymeric coating including one or more defined polymers substantially surrounding the core. The controlled released additive composition slowly releases the additive component into the aqueous coolant of an open, circulating cooling water system, thereby delivering an effective concentration level of the additive component over an extended period.

Abstract: Deicing compositions comprised of hydroxyl-containing organic compounds and/or organic acid salts are disclosed.

Abstract: A snow removal agent for melting snow, consisting of magnesium chloride, halite, urea, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium metasilicate, wherein the sodium tripolyphosphate and the sodium metasilicate each account for an identical weight percentage in the agent, wherein the halite is crushed to a size of 7-20 mm and aged for 24-48 hours.

Abstract: A functional cotton spray composition includes: 100 parts by weight of cotton fibers having a length of 3 mm or less; 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a phase change material; 0.5 to 1 parts by weight of a titanium dioxide photoactive catalyst; 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of at least one natural pigment selected from the group consisting of a pine needle powder, a green tea powder, a mugwort powder, an indigo plant powder, a gardenia powder, a charcoal powder and a yellow soil powder; 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant; 5 to 20 parts by weight of a viscosity improver; 10 to 20 parts by weight of an organic flame retardant; 5 to 15 parts by weight of an inorganic flame retardant; 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of an antimicrobial and antifungal agent; and 300 to 600 parts by weight of viscosity-controlling water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an inorganic latent heat storage material that is surrounded by an encapsulating layer that is made of an inorganic-organic polymer material that comprises a metal and/or semi-metal oxygen network with embedded organic groups. The method is characterised in that a liquid or liquefied latent heat storage material, in the form of discrete units that are to be, respectively, encapsulated, is introduced into a liquid or viscous precursor material of the encapsulating material such that the encapsulating material solidifies when coming into contact with the outer surfaces of said latent heat storage material.

Abstract: The use of hydrophobins for preventing the formation of ice on surfaces, especially for the prevention of ice formation on aircraft surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a deicing or anti-icing agent containing, based in each case on its total weight, from 35.0% by weight to 95.0% by weight of at least one glycol, from 0.001% by weight to 5.0% by weight of at least one dendritic polymer and from 0.01% by weight to 5.0% by weight of at least one further thickener and optionally water. It furthermore relates to the use of from 0.001 to 5.0% by weight of at least one dendritic polymer and from 0.01% by weight to 5.0% by weight of at least one further thickener for thickening a composition which contains from 35.0% by weight to 95.0% by weight of at least one glycol and optionally water.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aircraft de-/anti-icer for use at low temperatures. In particular, the present invention provides the use of a composition comprising 1,3-propylene glycol, one or more surfactants, one or more corrosion inhibitors, one or more pH regulators and water for removing frozen water from the surfaces of aircraft and/or for preventing the formation of frozen water thereon at a temperature below ?32° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of a nanofluid, which comprises a thermal transfer fluid and carbon nanoparticles. The nanofluid may be hydrophilic nanofluids, such as a coolant, or hydrophobic nanofluids, such as nanolubricants or nanogreases. In particular, the present invention provides a homogenous hydrophilic nanofluid, which contains soluble carbon nanotubes in the hydrophilic thermal transfer fluid. The present invention also provides a nanogrease, which is a sustainable dispersion of solid carbon nanotubes in a hydrophobic thermal transfer fluid. The solid carbon nanotubes function as both as a thickener to modulate viscosity and as a solid heat transfer medium to enhance thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance.

Abstract: An aircraft anti-icing composition includes a freezing point depressant and a thickener including nanocrystalline cellulose. A thickening composition also includes nanocrystalline cellulose. Also taught is the use of nanocrystalline cellulose in the manufacture of an anti-icing composition and the use of nanocrystalline cellulose in a thickening composition.

Abstract: Microcapsules, comprising (A) in the range from 50 to 95 parts by weight, lipophilic core material which has a solid/liquid phase transition in the temperature range from ?20 to 120° C., (B) in the range from 4 to 50 parts by weight, capsule wall, and (C) in the range from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, at least one colored or color-imparting substance selected from oil-soluble dyes and oil-soluble brighteners, where data in parts by weight are based on the total weight of the microcapsules in question.

Abstract: Deicing compositions comprised of glycerol-containing by-products of triglyceride processing processes are disclosed.

Abstract: Superhydrophobic coating compositions are provided. The compositions comprise nanoparticles between 5-100 nm in size and a polymeric binder. The compositions are effective in preventing ice formation on the surface of various substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-frost coating, which forms a coat having a hydrophilic and hydrophobic composite structure after being applied on a substrate, and contains a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer. The application method of the anti-frost coating comprises: dissolving the hydrophilic polymer and the hydrophobic polymer in a solvent to form a homogeneous solution, coating the solution on a substrate to form a film, drying and curing to form an anti-frost coat with a hydrophilic and super-hydrophobic composite structure including a super-hydrophobic surface layer and a hydrophilic inner layer. Water drips can roll off easily and the dust and impurities deposited on the surface can be easily removed. The anti-frost effect is desirable.

Abstract: A deicer salt having a predetermined geometric shape such as a cube, a pyramid, a parallelepiped, etc. melts ice and/or snow accumulations on surfaces. The deicer salt has a solid shaped form with a volume of about 25-225 mm3. The three dimensional deicing solid shaped form has an aspect ratio of between about 0.5 and about 1.5. The deicer salt shaped form may be produced using pre-formed molds into which a molten or concentrated deicing liquid may be poured. The deicing liquid is then hardened into the shape of the pre-formed mold resulting in solid shaped form deicer salt having a pre-determined geometric shape. Alternatively, powder or fine-particle solid form of the deicer salt may be compacted into the pre-formed molds to form the solid deicer salt shaped form. The deicer salt shaped form has a uniform shape, size and consistency.

Abstract: Novel deicing compositions and methods of using and forming those compositions are provided. The compositions comprise a blend of NaCl, KCl, and MgCl2, with the NaCl preferably being coated with a solution comprising an ice melt trigger and/or urea. The deicing composition has low corrosion, particularly when compared to a NaCl solution. At the same time, the compositions have superior melt properties compared to NaCl solutions as well as other prior art deicers. The deicing compositions are useful for melting ice on surfaces such as roadways.

Abstract: During the investigation of the mechanism that cellular water in woody plants growing in cold districts keeps liquid state at low temperature, the inventors have studied to identify the causative substances. As the results, the present inventors identified supercooling promoting agents in woody plants. The supercooling ability of identified flavonoid glycoside and synthesized flavonoid glycoside with similar structure was tested. It was found that the supercooling promoting agent comprising these flavonoid glycosides enables to stably supercool bulk water at low temperature for long-term. The aqueous solution containing the supercooling promoting agent of the present invention is useful to store biological materials at low temperature.

Abstract: A homogeneous gas-evolving composition is provided that includes an acid, a gas-evolving acid neutralizing agent, and at least one of an inorganic carbonate, inorganic bicarbonate, alkaline peroxide, or alkaline azide. A water-soluble desiccant is homogeneously intermixed with the acid and the gas-evolving acid neutralizing agent. The desiccant is present in an amount able to absorb ambient moisture equivalent to at least 0.01 total weight percent of the composition before gas evolution of more than 50% of the theoretical gas evolution available from the composition. To confer storage stability, the acid, the gas-evolving acid neutralizing agent, and water-soluble desiccant cumulatively have a water content of less than 1 total weight percent water. Through appropriate selection of a desiccant or inclusion of a surfactant foaming agent, the composition foams upon drenching with water. The composition is particularly well suited for consistent usage of glyphosate herbicide.

Abstract: A pouch includes a mixture of a crystalline substance and liquid that is solid at room temperature (e.g., 70° F.) and melts when in contact with a human body, therein cooling the body.

Abstract: A method of reducing the build up of ice or snow on roads. The method comprising mixing a solid de-icing material such as rock salt with a non brine additive solution such as an aqueous solution of a refined molasses stream. The de-icing material and additive solution being carried on a lorry 10, and being mixed immediately prior to spreading on a road.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of simultaneously stabilizing an engine coolant concentrate and preventing hard water salt formation upon dilution of the coolant concentrate with hard water. The method comprises making a stabilized concentrate by adding to a coolant concentrate at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate polymers of the formula: where Rl is H; R4 is a terminating group; X is and R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and the sum of m and n provide a number average equivalent weight of less than 6500, and a number average molecular weight of less than 6500, the concentrate comprising 90 or more wt % freezing point depressant and then diluting the stabilized coolant concentrate with hard water to provide a final coolant composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a winter precipitation barrier composition, comprising: a retaining agent, a solvent, and optionally, an auxiliary component, such as a rheology/viscosity modifier, surfactant, detergent, foaming/defoaming additive, humectant, dye, colorant, fragrance, or a combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the retaining agent comprises a primarily hydrophobic monomer or a hydrophilic monomer.