Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a spin finish generating neither tar nor scum in false twisting treatment either of the hot plate contact heating type or of the non-contact heating type using a radiation type high temperature heater and thus enabling long term stable false twisting treatment. This invention provides a spin finish for synthetic fibers which satisfies the following relations (1) and (2): 10≦T≦22  (1) 0≦Re≦0.25  (2) where T is the surface tension (mN/m) of the oil after allowing the same to stand at 220° C. for 1 hour and Re is the percent residue (% by weight) on heating of the oil after allowing the same to stand at 400° C. for 24 hours.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for modifying fiber surfaces to impart hydrophilicity and thermal regulative properties thereto, comprising treating fiber with an alcohol (for example, polyol), and carrying out chemical reaction (for example, graft polymerization) between fiber and alcohol.

Abstract: Compositions are described with organopolysiloxanes which contain crosslinked units and are further crosslinkable. The compositions further contain a polyurethane containing blocked isocyanate groups. They are useful for treating fiber materials, especially textile sheet materials, and can be applied thereto in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersions. Textiles which are 50 to 100% by weight wool and have been finished with the compositions exhibit low shrinkage and low felting tendency during washing operations and also a pleasant, soft hand.

Abstract: A chemically modified nonwoven textile article and method for producing the same is provided that exhibits pilling resistance, soil release, strength, and abrasion resistance properties, thus rendering the article less prone to the formation of objectionable pill balls, staining, or loss of strength, thereby increasing wearer comfort and retaining the desired appearance of the article, and thereby extending the useful life of the article. A composition of matter for chemically modifying a nonwoven textile article to achieve pilling resistance, soil release, strength, and abrasion resistance is also provided.

Abstract: A method of producing sulfonated polyester compounds suitable for use as a soil releasing agent and/or textile sizing agent in which a sulfonated acid or ester is reacted with a hydroxy-containing compound to form a sulfonated hydroxy terminated ester which then undergoes a transesterification reaction with a poly(ethylene) terephthalate based polyester followed by polycondensation to form the desired sulfonated polyester compound.

Abstract: Organic fibers are treated with aqueous preparations comprising amino-functional organosilicon compounds of the general formula H2N—R1—SiR2O(SiR2O)iSiR2—R1—NH2 where i is an integer from 1 to 1000, R is an identical or different monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms per radical, and R1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The treated organic fibers, particularly in the form of textiles, exhibit a soft hand and good rewettability.

Abstract: A high solids spin finish composition is provided that can be readily applied to synthetic fibers during the fiber-making process. The spin finish composition comprises a hydrocarbon surfactant and a fluorochemical emulsion.

Abstract: A soil-resistant spin finish composition based on select derivitized polyethers is provided that can be applied to a fiber at the earliest stages of spinning, can remain on the fiber through the entire manufacturing process, and can be left on the fiber in the final article of commerce. The spin finish composition provides excellent fiber lubrication during high-speed spin processing, yet is sufficiently soil resistant to negate the need for scouring the final fiber construction, even absent the presence of additional coatings or agents.

Abstract: A process for making a fiber finish composition having anti-sling properties involving: (a) providing a lubricant component; (b) providing water; (c) providing a powder-form polyethylene oxide having a weight average molecular weight of more than 106; (d) providing a static in-line mixing apparatus; and (e) mixing (a)-(c) in the static in-line mixing apparatus to form the fiber finish composition.

Abstract: Stabilizing an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of partial alkyl esters of phosphoric acid by adding 1 to 10 weight percent of C3-12 polyhydric alcohol having three or more of hydroxyl groups to an alkali metal salt of partial alkyl esters of phosphoric acid having linear- of branched-chain alkyl groups of 16 to 22 average carbon number, 0.6 to 1.0 degree of phosphorylation and 60 to 100% of neutralization degree, and providing a fiber finish containing the stabilized aqueous solution as a major component.

Abstract: An agent containing a lubricant, a non-ionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant of a specified kind in specified amounts is applied at a specified rate to spun synthetic fibers before draft and false-twisting processes are simultaneously carried on these fibers such that false-twisted yarns with a high quality without dyeing specks and without abnormal tension variations can be obtained.

Abstract: Yarns having a spin finish composition thereon comprising at least about 10 percent by weight based on the spin finish composition of components (a) and (b) having the formula R1(CO)x—O—(CH(R2)—CH2—O)y—(CO)zR3, wherein each of R1 and R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or an allyl group having from one to 22 carbon atoms or an alkylene hydroxy group having from one to 22 carbon atoms, x is zero or one, R2 may vary within component (a) or component (b) and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or an alkyl group having from one to four carbon atoms, y is zero, or fiom one to 25, and z is zero or one, in component (a), x and z are equal to zero and the average molecular weight of component (a) is less than or equal to 1,900 and if R2 varies, component (a) is a random copolymer; and in component (b), at least x or z is equal to one or component (b) is a complex polyoxyethylene glyceride-containing compound having greater than 10 polyoxyethylene units; (c)

Abstract: The invention pertains to a finish composition for treating yarns comprising a mixture of silicone oil emulsion and a wax emulsion wherein the amount of silicone oil is 0.5 to 30 wt. %, the amount of wax is 1.5 to 45 wt. %, the total of silicone oil and wax is 2 to 60 wt. %, and the ratio silicone oil:wax is <1, and to a yarn comprising the same. Preferably, the yarn is aramid yarn.

Abstract: The invention concerns a coagulating agent for liquid crystal solutions with a base of cellulose substances, characterized in that it contains at least one water soluble additive selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amines of salt of these compounds, the additive being such that the pH of the said coagulating agent is greater than 6. A preferable additive is a salt selected from the group consisting of ammonium formates, acetates and phosphates, mixed salts of these compounds, or mixtures of these constituents, in particular diammonium orthophosphates (NH4) 2 HPO4. The invention also concerns a method for spinning a liquid crystal solution with a base of cellulose substances, using a coagulating agent as per the invention, in particular the method called “dry-jet-wet-spinning” as well as spun articles, fibers or films, obtained by these methods.

Abstract: The present spin finish composition comprises at least about 10 percent by weight based on the spin finish composition of components (a) and (b) having the formula R1—(CO)x—O—(CH(R2)—CH2—O)y—(CO)z—R3 wherein each of R1 and R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or an alkyl group having from one to 22 carbon atoms or an alkylene hydroxy group having from one to 22 carbon atoms, x is zero or one, R2 may vary within component (a) or component (b) and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or an alkyl group having from one to four carbon atoms, y is zero, or from one to 25, and z is zero or one, in component (a), x and z are equal to zero and the average molecular weight of component (a) is less than or equal to 1,900 and if R2 varies, component (a) is a random copolymer; and in component (b), at least x or z is equal to one or component (b) is a complex polyoxyethylene glyceride-containing compound having greater than 10 polyoxyethylene u

Abstract: Polymer derivatives based upon polyalkyleneimine backbones having from about 20% to about 60% of their reactive amino functionalities substituted by C14-20 carboxylic acids, are disclosed. Fiber lubricants and/or sizing compositions comprising such polymer derivatives are also disclosed. The disclosed fiber lubricants exhibit excellent affinity for fiberglass fibers and have excellent hydrophobicity, while also providing excellent lubrication. Methods for preparing said derivatives are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating fibers using the polymer derivatives.

Abstract: The invention provides a finish composition for synthetic filament, which does not generate fume and tar at high speed and high temperature, imparts superior lubricity at high temperature, superior antistaticity and yarn winding performance, and has satisfactory biodegradability. The finish composition for synthetic fiber of the invention is characterized by containing one or more of polyether polyester compounds having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and represented by the formula: X—(A—B)n—A′—Y. In the formula, each of X and Y is independently hydrogen, or a residue of C1-8 linear or branched saturated alcohol or C1-18 fatty acid; each of A and A′ is a residue of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block or random copolymer containing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide from 9:1 to 1:9 mol ratio; B is an aliphatic dibasic acid residue represented as OOC(CH2)mCOO; m is an integer from 1 to 4; and n is an integer from 1 to 3.

Abstract: A sizing composition for coating glass and carbon fibers. The composition comprises low concentrations of a cationic and nonionic lubricant, a film-forming polymer, and preferably a coupling agent and a hydrolyzing agent. Use of the sizing composition reduces fuzz development, increases wettability, and improves roving package stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing a fluorochemical composition comprising polyurethane by reacting: (A) fluorochemical oligomer of formula (I): MfmMn—Q1—T1 wherein: MfmMn represents flurochemical oligomer comprising m units derived from fluorinated monomer and n units derived from fluorine-free monomer and wherein the fluorinated monomers and fluorine-free monomers may be the same or different; m represents a value of 2 to 40; n represents a value of 0 to 20; T1 is —OH or —NH2; Q1 and T1 together represent an organic residue obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a chain transfer agent that is functionalized with T1; and (B) difunctional compound capable of reacting with an isocyanate and comprising a poly(oxyalkylene) group having 18 to 280 oxyalkylene moieties with (C) diisocyanate or triisocyanate.

Abstract: An antistatic agent having phosphonium sulfonate of a specified kind and inorganic sulfonate of a specified kind mixed at a specified ratio can provide synthetic polymer materials with a superior antistatic characteristic without adversely affecting the natural hue and transparency of the material. Aliphatic carboxylic acid ester of polyhydric alcohol may also be mixed together in the agent.

Abstract: Polymers that have limiting viscosities, measured in tetrahydrofuran at 20° C., of at least about 200 mL/g and that can be made by addition polymerization of a mixture of monomers containing: A. from 100—about 30 wt % of esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid with monohydric saturated aliphatic alcohols which contain from 1-22 C atoms; and B. up to about 70 wt % of monomers selected from the group consisting of: (1) unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids with 3-5 C atoms and their amides, (2) styrene and alkylstyrenes with 1-4 C atoms in their alkyl residues, (3) acrylonitrile, (4) vinyl esters of aliphatic C1-18 carboxylic acids, and (5) amino substituted esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid with monohydric alcohols having from 2-6 carbon atoms are highly effective anti-sling additives for textile lubricants.

Abstract: A fiber treatment composition is disclosed. The composition contains siloxanes having amine-, polyol-, functionalities. The composition provides good hand, resistance to yellowing, and hydrophilicity to the fibers. The composition is preferably formulated as an aqueous emulsion. Applying the composition to textile fabrics produces treated fabrics having good hydrophilicity, good hand, and resistance to yellowing.

Abstract: A treatment agent for elastic polyurethane fibers comprising a dispersion in which a higher fatty acid magnesium salt is colloidally dispersed in a silicone mixture consisting of a silicone oil with a viscosity of 5×10−6−50×10−6 m2/S at 25° C. as a dispersion medium and a dispersant mainly comprising a modified silicone at a ratio by weight of the dispersion medium/the dispersant=100/0.5−100/4.5, wherein the amount of the higher fatty acid magnesium salt is 1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the silicone oil.