Abstract: An apparatus for moving an elongate component within or through a sidewall of a pit, including a frame, a lever arm pivotably attached to the frame and comprising a handle at a first end, a gripping arrangement pivotably attached to the lever arm at a second end at a gripping pivot point, allowing the gripping arrangement to pivot about the gripping pivot point to assume a first and a second installation position, wherein in a first installation position during use the gripping arrangement grips the elongate component as the lever arm pivots in a first direction and releases the elongate component as the lever arm pivots in a second, opposite, direction, and wherein in a second installation position during use the gripping arrangement releases the elongate component as the lever arm pivots in a first direction and grips the elongate component as the lever arm pivots in a second, opposite, direction.

Abstract: The buckling detection head is completely encapsulated in an encapsulating material, thus making it possible to protect the emitting and receiving surfaces of the cells for emitting and receiving light signals. This arrangement provides a slot in which the absolutely smooth cable passes, making it easier to clean the head and protect the cells. Other advantages of this arrangement are also described.

Abstract: A projectile is utilized to introduce an item into a conduit which already has a cable therein. The projectile includes a body member having a longitudinal opening therethrough. The body member is longitudinally split so that the cable may be received in the opening. The item is attached to the body member. When the projectile with a portion of the cable received therein is put into a conduit and air under pressure is introduced into the conduit, the projectile is pushed along the cable and if the cable is undulating in the conduit, it is straightened and positioned out of the way of the item being introduced.

Abstract: A cable puller has a pair of shoulder bars connected to each other at one end thereof, each of the shoulder bars having a hook at the other end for releasably accommodating a plurality of wires or cables thereon; and a support bar with two ends respectively and symmetrically connected to respective intermediate points of the shoulder bats. The shoulder and support bars are arranged to provide a shoulder width wider than a depth of an enclosed space to pull the cable therethrough and narrower than a pre-determined pathway in the enclosed space the cables are designed to be pulled therealong.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical cable laying device comprising a mechanism for fixing a rotary motor (i0), at least one friction drive roller (60, 70) for driving the cable (200), and a compressed air inlet (130) for driving the cable (200), the device being characterized in that the motor fixing mechanism, the at least one roller (60, 70) and the compressed air inlet (130) are disposed so that the axis of the motor (10), the compressed air arrival direction (130), and the cable (200) driven by the roller (60, 70) are substantially parallel to one another.

Abstract: A device for use with a conduit having a first conduit end and a conduit second end, into which conduit a cable can be installed using a flow of air into the first conduit end, the device being suitable for confirming that the flow of air is exiting the second conduit end, the device including a housing, means to enable connection of the device to the second conduit end, a light source, a detector arranged to detect a presence or absence of a light signal, and a light shield, wherein in use, the flow of air entering the device causes the light shield and at least one of the light source or the detector, to move to and to stay at a position relative to the other, permitting the detector to detect detections including one or more of a presence or absence of the light signal, an intensity level of the light signal, a change in the presence or absence of the light signal, or a change in the intensity level of the light signal.

Abstract: There is provided fiber drop terminal (“FDT”) assemblies for providing selective connections between optical fibers of distribution cables and optical fibers of drop cables, such as in multiple dwelling units. The FDT assemblies include a mounting plate that enables the FDT to be conveniently and securely mounted to a generally vertical surface, such as a wall. The mounting plate is structured such that the base of the FDT must be removed before the mounting plate can be removed, and the cover of the FDT is structured that neither the base nor the mounting plate can be removed without first removing the cover. The cover may be selectively locked to the base and/or mounting plate with a locking fastener; therefore, only technicians able to remove the locking fastener may remove the cover, base, and/or mounting plate of the FDT assembly.

Abstract: The closed long bag enclosed a little air is connected to the preliminary line for inserting cable into the conduit by the small suction pump. The shape of closed long bag enclosed a little air can be changed easily. As the result, the closed long bag moves through a narrow portion and a bending portion of the conduit smoothly. Furthermore, air in a tail portion of the closed long bag moves to a head portion of the closed long bag by difference between the front portion and the end portion of the closed long bag. The head portion of the bag expands and the tail portion of the bag shrinks. As the result, the bag pulls the line very strongly.

Abstract: A cabinet is provided for managing the connections between a feeder cable and a distribution cable wherein the distribution cable is a blown optical fiber. The cabinet includes shelves for holding splices between the feeder cable and the distribution cable. The shelves also include microduct holders for holding each of the microducts associated with the distribution cable.

Abstract: A blowing head for installing an optical fibre unit into a tube, including driving means for driving the optical fibre unit into the tube, the driving means having a plurality of driving surfaces, wherein one or more attic plurality of the driving surfaces are resiliently biased with a predetermined force toward the other driving surface or surfaces, and wherein in use the optical fibre unit moves between the plurality of driving surfaces.

Abstract: A pig for installing a cable in a conduit, in which it comprises a body and a seal intended to follow the internal surface of the conduit, the body comprising a radially elastic tubular part on which the seal is mounted, and a support part fixed to or integral with the tubular part, the support part having a guide surface intended to guide the pig in the conduit, the diameter of the guide surface being slightly less than the maximum diameter of the seal, so that the support part radially deforms the tubular part when the pig passes through deformed parts of the conduit.

Abstract: A plug part (1) for an optical plug connection comprises one pin holder (3) in which a plug pin (2) for retaining an optical waveguide which extends over a longitudinal central axis (L) is held. The pin holder (3) can be pushed into a plug housing (4) via a cable-side opening (30) and locked therein in a mounting position, wherein the plug pin (2) is held axially resiliently in the plug housing (4) with the aid of a separate spring element (5). The spring element (5) can here be inserted in a mount in the plug housing (4) before the pin holder (3) is pushed in. The spring element (5) is secured by way of a clamping sleeve (6) which can be inserted into the mount via the plug-side opening (30) in the push-in direction (e). Arranged in the mount is a circlip (7) and the pin holder (3) has a groove (12) which can be brought into engagement with the circlip (7) in a latching manner in order to fix the mounting position.

Abstract: The device for installing a wire in a conduit of the type with thin walls and ribbed, comprises in particular a support sleeve suitable for preventing a radial expansion as well as a lengthening of a portion of said conduit above ground.

Abstract: A method of installing a cable into a conduit, the conduit having more than one bore size, comprising the steps of—introducing air to flow in a direction into and through the conduit, and—changing an air pressure level of the air within the conduit from a first pressure level to a second pressure level by either venting a part of the air from the conduit or adding to the air within the conduit.

Abstract: The laying device of a slender element in a tube comprises on the one hand an introduction cassette and on the other hand a driving body, these two elements being able to be mounted independently around the slender element to be laid, then joined to form said laying device. This makes installation of said device in a laying site easier.

Abstract: A system includes a duct, a pressurized fluid source, and a valve. The duct receives one or more cables and the pressurized fluid source couples to a first end of the duct and produces fluid pressure within the duct. The valve couples to a second end of the duct and is closed for a time to build pressure within the duct, and then opened to permit the fluid under pressure within the duct to escape rapidly from the duct and propel the one or more cables through the duct.

Abstract: A blowing head for installing blown cable, comprising a low-inertia motor using electrical current, operable to obtain the advance of the cable within the blowing head, adjusting means operable to vary the level of current of the motor, and low-inertia sensing means to sense movement and changes in the level of movement of the cable within the blowing head, wherein in use the adjusting means varies the level of current used by the motor in response to changes in the level of movement sensed by the sensing means, and wherein the varying level of current does not exceed a maximum current level.

Abstract: A method for use in connection with installing a cable into a conduit having a first end and a second end, to confirm whether air introduced into the conduit at the first end is flowing out of the conduit from the second end, the method including the steps of: substantially blocking the second end, so that when the air is introduced into the conduit its flow from the second end will be impeded; introducing a flow of air into the first end; and detecting a change in a property of the air within the conduit whereby it can be confirmed if the air is flowing to the second end.

Abstract: A carrier for pulling line through conduit, the carrier or line runner being an inflatable plastic sleeve that is closed at one end with gusset openings at the other end through which a line may pass and be tied to itself so that when the line runner is placed in a conduit with its closed end in the direction of travel, the application of lower pressure at the closed end will cause the sleeve to inflate and be propelled in the direction of the lower pressure pulling the line with it.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method and apparatus for installing a cable into cable guide tubing and the like. The method typically includes rotating a reel of cable guide tubing at least 360° while, using compressed gas, feeding a cable, such as a plurality of microducts, into the cable guide tubing. The related apparatus includes a cable injection unit and a rotation coupling unit to facilitate the installation of cable (e.g., microducts) into the rotating cable guide tubing.

Abstract: An optical fiber unit installation apparatus having a unit for preventing a fluid from flowing backward toward entrance of the optical unit to prevent fluid leakage while the optical fiber unit is installed using air pressure is disclosed. The apparatus includes an optical fiber unit supplier; a blowing head having an entrance for introduction of an optical fiber unit supplied from the supplier, and an exit communicated with the entrance and combined with a tube for air pressure installation; a pressing unit for applying air pressure to the optical fiber unit introduced into the blowing head to insert the optical fiber unit into the tube; and a fiber sealing unit, an aggregation of fur-type elastic fibers, mounted in an advancing path of the optical fiber unit through the blowing head to prevent fluid leakage by surrounding the optical fiber unit with fiber ends contacted thereon.

Abstract: Flexible textile innerducts are provided with multiple longitudinal chambers. A conduit is formed with the flexible textile innerducts disposed internally. After the conduit is formed with the flexible textile innerducts therein, the conduit is positioned in the use position by burying the conduit or locating it within a body. A cable is disposed within the longitudinal chambers of the flexible innerducts with the use of a pull line or by blowing the cable into the longitudinal chamber.

Abstract: A conduit threading device is provided for passing a pull-cord (24) through a conduit (17) by imposing suction at one end of a conduit to draw a shuttle (16) having a zone of maximum diameter that is commensurate with the internal diameter of the conduit and that is introduced at the other end of the conduit, through the conduit. The conduit threading device includes a positive, displacement pump (1), typically a hand operated piston and cylinder pump, having a suction inlet (14) generally at the end of a flexible suction 10 pipe (13) configured for releasable attachment, by way of one of a selection of adapters, to an end of a conduit. Interposed between the pump and suction inlet is a separate collection chamber (9) for waste solids and liquids drawn into the suction inlet during use. The pull-cord is preferably a light weight polypropylene string, or the like.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and methods for applying a material to a cable or into a conduit. The apparatus includes a hinged housing for coupling to a portion of a cable and/or a conduit. The apparatus is configured as a portable housing that is particularly suited for use in the field to apply a material to an existing underground cable or conduit or to a new or relocated cable or conduit during installation. The hinged housing permits the apparatus to couple to a portion of a cable or a portion of a conduit without splicing the cable or the conduit or removing the cable. When coupled to a cable or a conduit, the housing defines a chamber into which a material is inserted. Compressed air is supplied to the chamber to force the material into an innerduct of the conduit and to pull the material therethrough, applying the material to the cable and/or the conduit.

Abstract: These systems comprise sensors formed of an optical fiber conductor (4) fitted inside a sheath (8). The device comprises a support (1) provided with cylindrical revolving rollers (2, 3) made of a soft material which rotate in reverse direction to each other and between which an optical fiber conductor (4) is moved; and a supporting device (7) of the sheath (8) which makes it to be in line with the optical fiber conductor (4) so that it is inserted inside the sheath (8) as it is moved by the rollers (2, 3). It is provided with oil supply means (10) toward the optical fiber (4) to facilitate insertion thereof inside the sheath (8).

Abstract: A method of installing a cable or conduit into at least one plastic pipe of a fluid carrying pipeline system, comprises attaching a first saddle fitting at a first location on said plastic pipe by electro-fusion, opening the pipe at the first location, introducing the cable or a pull body through the saddle fitting into the pipe towards a second location or retrieving at least part of the cable or a pull body introduced at a second location, and pulling the cable directly or by means of the pull body through the pipe. This allows installation of a cable without turning off the fluid supply.

Abstract: A drogue for drawing an elongated item through a conduit is disclosed. The drogue includes a flexible bag having a closed end and an oppositely disposed end opening. Shroud lines attached to the bag at the end opening allow attachment of the drogue to the item. A biasing member, preferably in the form of a continuous loop of flexible, resilient interconnected wire legs, is attached to the bag and positioned proximate to the end opening. The loop engages the bag over a portion of its length and biases the end opening into an open configuration to prevent its collapse and loss of pneumatic pressure as it is propelled through the conduit.

Abstract: Apparatus for deploying equipment in a fluid container or fluid conduit comprises a fluid housing having an outlet aperture, the fluid housing being adapted to be secured to the container or conduit such that the outlet aperture is in fluid communication with an aperture in the container or conduit. The apparatus further includes a piston in the fluid housing dividing the fluid housing into first and second fluid chambers, the second fluid chamber being in fluid communication with the interior of the container or conduit via the outlet aperture when the fluid housing is secured in fluid communication with the container or conduit. The piston is movable within the fluid housing toward the outlet aperture in response to increases of fluid pressure in the first fluid chamber. The apparatus further includes a guide means for guiding deployment of the equipment into the container or conduit.

Abstract: A frame assembly includes a shoe frame and a roller frame. The shoe frame includes an inflatable bladder thereon and the roller frame includes at least one roller that is rotatably mounted thereto. The method of the present invention comprises placing the shoe within a pipe and inflating the bladder so as to secure the shoe frame within the pipe. A flexible cable is then trained around the roller and into the flexible pipe.

Abstract: A device for installing or removing a cable in cable conduits within which a current of water is also conveyed is disclosed. The device includes an electric motor to provide for progression of the cable, a heat engine controlling either a hydraulic circuit or an air compression circuit, and sensors to measure the progression of the cable. The sensors are linked to a CPU to drive the electric motor and the heat engine. The device is compact and can be positioned on a single trailer that is towable by a light vehicle, making the device easy to move on a job site.

Abstract: An optical fibre cable (1) for installation in a duct (51) by means of fluid flow is described. The cable (1) has a signal transmitting portion comprising a plurality of elongate, flexible optical fibres, surrounded by a braided covering (10) formed from textile yarns (9). The apparatus (50) for installing the cable includes an air compressor (52) for supplying a blowing head (53) with a conditioned air supply substantially free of static electricity or moisture. The blowing head (53) includes drive wheels (not shown), the speed of rotation of which (and hence the speed of installation of the fibre cable (1), (101) is adjusted by means of s control unit (54) powered by power supply (55). The fibre cable (1), (101) is fed from a fibre pan (56) over guide (57) to the blowing head (53), which is fed with an air supply from compressor (52) which is regulated by dispenser (58).

Abstract: A line member inserted into a inlet port of the conduit comprises a thin nylon tape. The tape comprising the line member flies into the conduit with the fluid mechanical force in the air stream.

Abstract: A wire feeding guide for use in feeding wire through an electrical box and a conduit secured over a hole in the electrical box. The wire feeding guide includes a trough-like member, a support arrangement for supporting the trough-like member on an electrical box, and a wire retention element for retaining a wire or wires on the trough-like member. The trough-like member directs the wire through the open side of the electrical box to the desired hole in the electrical box. The wire retention element retains the wire or wires on the trough-like member as they are being pulled over the trough-like member. The support arrangement includes portions which engage the electrical box to support the trough-like member in the desired position.

Abstract: A method of introducing a fiber optic conduit into a pressurized gas pipeline includes the step of introducing a translating member into the pressurized gas pipeline via an entry port in a first drilling nipple attached to the pressurized gas pipeline. Tools are deployed within a first pressure lock housing attached to the first drilling nipple by using a first manipulator located in the first air lock housing. The duct rod is advanced within pressurized gas pipeline by a driving mechanism, until a second drilling nipple is reached. The translating member is attached to a fiber optic conduit. The duct rod and fiber optic conduit are then pulled back or pulled forward through the pressurized gas pipeline by the driving mechanism. A conduit is installed in a gas service line, to line the cable or conduit in a natural gas main pipeline to a telecommunications panel in a building.

Abstract: A pipe threading arrangement for connection to a service pipe (14) in a dwelling comprises a launch coupling (50) with a body portion (51) forming a chamber in which a parachute housing (60) is held. A stopper arrangement (30, 31) allows the coupling to be attached to the service pipe (14) whilst gas is present in both the service pipe and main. The housing includes a folded parachute-like device (62) attached to a line (66). A front portion of the parachute housing includes flexible guide (63) which allows the device to be manually lowered into a main pipe via the service pipe. A tube (65) is used to push the housing through the pipe. The tube is arranged to receive a jet of gas to separate the end with the guide attached and to inflate the parachute into the main where gas flow carries it along the main.

Abstract: Method for, using a fluid under pressure, installing optical fibers or cables in a tubular section comprising a supply tube and an intallation tube, each having an input and an output, the output of the supply tube being in connection with the input of the installation tube, a fluid under pressure being fed near the input of the supply tube, and the cable being conducted into the input of the supply tube and being propelled through the tubular section by the entraining force of the fluid, at least part of the fluid being discharged from the supply tube at the output of the supply tube and, at the input of the installation tube, a second fluid under pressure being fed. Due to said measures, the pressure drop at the input of the tubular section may be overcome without utilizing mechanical means which might damage the fiber or cable.

Abstract: A method of routing a new pipe duct into an existing pressurized gas pipeline includes the step of introducing a translating member into the pressurized gas pipeline via an entry port in a first fitting attached to the pressurized gas pipeline. The translating member, such as a duct rod, is advanced within the pressurized gas pipeline by a driving mechanism, until it reaches second fitting. The translating member is attached to a pipe inner duct. The duct rod and pipe inner duct are then pulled back through the pressurized gas pipeline by the driving mechanism.

Abstract: A method, system and tools for introducing a fiber optic conduit into a pressurized gas pipeline includes the step of introducing a translating member into the pressurized gas pipeline via an entry port in a first fitting attached to the pressurized gas pipeline. Tools are deployed within a first pressure lock housing attached to the first fitting by using a first manipulator located in the first air lock housing. The translating member, such as a duct rod, is advanced within the pressurized gas pipeline by a driving mechanism until a second drilling fitting is reached. The translating member is attached to a fiber optic conduit or cable. The duct rod and fiber optic conduit are then pulled back through the pressurized gas pipeline. Extractor tools extending through seals in the pressure lock housing engage with and withdraw the duct rod. Alternatively, first and second duct rods may be pushed towards each other from the first and second fittings. End elements on the duct rods engage each other.

Abstract: A method of introducing a fiber optic conduit into a pressurized gas pipeline includes the step of introducing a translating member into the pressurized gas pipeline via an entry port in a first drilling fitting (18) (8, 70, 250, 300) attached to the pressurized gas pipeline. Tools are deployed within a first pressure lock housing (30) attached to the first drilling fitting by using a first manipulator (34) located in the first air lock housing. The duct rod is advanced within pressurized gas pipeline by a driving mechanism (60), until a second drilling fitting (80) is reached. The translating member is attached to a fiber optic conduit or cable. The duct rod and fiber optic conduit are then pulled back through the pressurized gas pipeline by the driving mechanism. A conduit or cable is installed in a gas service line, to provide an optical fiber between an optical fiber trunk line or ring and building.

Abstract: A cable straightener removes mini-bends from cable as it is unwound from a reel for installation in an underground duct, providing improved blowing performance for any cable with non-negligible stiffness and that exhibits reel-set or shape memory recovery, for example cables enclosed within small diameter tubular steel jackets, cables enclosed within aluminum laminated polymer sheets, and cables enclosed within hard polymer tubing. Residual stresses induced in such cables are reduced by first and second sets of straightener rollers prior to pushing/blowing installation.

Abstract: A cable is installed in a guide tube by means of blowing (and, optionally, synergetic pushing) and lubricating the cable during this installation. Lubricating the cable is done after the cable has passed the cable blowing equipment and hence takes place in a pressurized airflow passage. A hollow chamber filled with foam-plugs saturated with lubricant forms the cable lubricator. To avoid buckling, cable guide blocks are placed, which also divide the lubricator in different sub-chambers, each with its own foam-plug and content of lubricant. The airflow, needed to propel the cable during blowing, can bypass the lubricator.

Abstract: Method and device for installing cables in ducts using a pressurized fluid, a fluid being applied which, under the operational pressure and operational temperature applied during the installation, is in a liquid state and which, under the ambient pressure and ambient temperature prevailing at the location of the installation, is in gaseous state. By applying such a fluid, the advantages of installing a cable using a liquid flow and using a gas flow may be combined, while the drawbacks respectively associated therewith are obviated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to apparatus for installing optical fibres in duct systems or like tubular runways, and then preferably for installing optical fibres in duct systems arranged in dwelling rooms in apartment blocks. By using a subpressure that acts from a centrally located suction device connected to the duct system, it is possible to draw one or more optical fibres (19), possibly simultaneously, by suction through a duct (13) in the duct system and lead said fibre or fibres to a centrally arranged collecting point common to said fibres. Handling of the optical fibre and feeding of the fibre into a respective duct is facilitated by placing the suction device centrally in the duct system and by placing a drum (20) on which the optical fibre is coiled at the mouth (14) of the duct, therewith enabling the fibre to be installed by a single workman more quickly than would otherwise be the case.

Abstract: Fiber density and installation length are improved by enclosing optical fibers in a very small diameter metal jacket, resulting in increased cable stiffness and durability. The metal jacket consists of a small diameter, thin sidewall laser-welded steel tube that is loosely filled with optical fiber strands and a gel waterproofing material that provides a longitudinal water-barrier. The fibers are free to “float” within the steel jacket, and thus are decoupled from external mechanical forces and stresses that act on the cable during installation. When bundles of the steel-jacketed fiber optic cables are installed with pushing and blowing, about twice the installation length is reached as compared with pure blowing. Also, the number of cables and fiber density in each guide tube can be increased, thus increasing the fiber capacity of the feeding ducts and branch ducts of a fiber optic communications network.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a device for installing and/or removing a cable (300) in conduits (500) for passage of cables. The device includes a thrust means to provide for progression of the cable, a heat engine controlling either a hydraulic circuit or an air compression circuit, and sensors to measure the progression of the cable. The sensors are linked to a CPU to drive the thrust means and the heat engine.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and methods for applying a material to a cable or into a conduit. The apparatus includes a hinged housing for coupling to a portion of a cable and/or a conduit. The apparatus is configured as a portable housing that is particularly suited for use in the field to apply a material to an existing underground cable or conduit or to a new or relocated cable or conduit during installation. The hinged housing permits the apparatus to couple to a portion of a cable or a portion of a conduit without splicing the cable or the conduit or removing the cable. When coupled to a cable or a conduit, the housing defines a chamber into which a material is inserted. Compressed air is supplied to the chamber to force the material into an innerduct of the conduit and to pull the material therethrough, applying the material to the cable and/or the conduit.

Abstract: Guide tubes are arranged in a loose bundle and are fed into an existing tubular conduit or protective duct by a powered tractor and are pulled through the duct by the volumetric flow of compressed air which is introduced into the inlet end of the duct. The guide tubes are pressurized and closed at their leading end and trailing end. The existing duct is open at both ends. When the filling degree of the guide tube bundle (sum of guide tube cross-sectional areas compared to that of channelization duct) is provided in the range of from about 30% to about 60%, blowing/pushing installation of the guide tube bundle is substantially trouble free, and the bundle of guide tubes can be installed in a flexible and efficient manner over relatively greater distances.

Abstract: A fiber optic communication cable is deployed in a pipeline from a static coil drawn from a rearwardly facing exit of a cassette carried by a pipeline pig as the pig is driven along the pipeline from a launcher having a drive fluid inlet and a cable anchorage with a pressure penetrator for connecting an instrumentation cable to the deployed cable.

Abstract: A method for installing and/or removing a cable (300) in conduits (500) for the passage of cables and to an associated implementing device. According to this method, a current of water is conveyed inside the conduits (500), the cable (300) to be installed has a conduit fill rate that can attain 90%, and the conduits (500) form a winding course on a length greater than 2000 m. This method is chiefly characterized in that the cable (300) is subjected to a thrust force that drives its speed of progression (v), and in that said thrust force and the pressure of the water flowing in the conduits are regulated so as to maintain a constant water flow rate inside the conduits (500).

Abstract: A method of introducing a fiber optic conduit into a pressurized gas pipeline includes the step of introducing a translating member into the pressurized gas pipeline via an entry port in a first drilling nipple attached to the pressurized gas pipeline. Tools are deployed within a first pressure lock housing attached to the first drilling nipple by using a first manipulator located in the first air lock housing. The duct rod is advanced within pressurized gas pipeline by a driving mechanism, until a second drilling nipple is reached. The translating member is attached to a fiber optic conduit. The duct rod and fiber optic conduit are then pulled back or pulled forward through the pressurized gas pipeline by the driving mechanism.