Abstract: A method of releasably connecting a cable to a post in a manner such that the cable will release from the post when the post is deformed toward ground level, the method includes the steps of providing a post having an interior cavity and a slot formed through a post face wall extending from the top end of the post; disposing a cable within a loop formed in an elongated section of a connector; hanging the connector from the top end of the post, the elongated section positioned substantially within the cavity and the loop and the disposed cable positioned exterior of the cavity; and tensioning the cable.

Abstract: An end terminal for a guardrail system includes an elongated guardrail beam and a flattening or reshaping device defining a channel having an inlet and an outlet vertically aligned along a longitudinal axis. The guardrail beam is moveable along the longitudinal axis through the channel from the inlet to the outlet. An anchor is vertically spaced below the outlet, with a tether coupled between the anchor and an end portion of the guardrail beam. The tether is adapted to pull the guardrail beam downwardly from a first height at the outlet to a second height vertically spaced from the first height free of any engagement with any other structure once the guardrail beam exits the outlet, and with a bending of the deformed guardrail beam in only one direction after the deformed guardrail beam leaves the outlet. Methods of assembly and operation are also provided.

Abstract: A guardrail assembly includes first and second rail sections, with a deforming member deforming the first rail section as it moves relative to the second rail section. Methods of using and assembling a guardrail assembly are also provided.

Abstract: A highway guardrail post comprises an elongated one-piece roll-formed metal body including a front wall defining an attachment face, a pair of opposing side walls orthogonal to the front wall, a first pair of inverted corners respectively connecting the pair of side walls to the front wall, and a second pair of inverted corners respectively extending from the pair of side walls and terminating in a pair of spaced rear edges to define a rear access opening opposite the front wall. The guardrail posts may be manufactured by roll-forming a metal sheet or coil and cutting the roll-formed metal sheet or coil into lengths.

Abstract: A terminal post for a cable barrier which includes: a post body; wherein the post body itself is of unitary construction and includes: at least one cable-barrier portion which receives and retains one or more barrier-cables used in the cable-barrier; at least one anchor-cable portion which receives and retains one or more anchor-cables which are anchored to counter balance the force applied to the terminal post by the barrier-cable(s); wherein the cable-barrier portion(s) and the anchor-barrier portion(s) within the post body are configured so that the anchor-cables and/or barrier-cables are releasable therefrom, during a collision with a vehicle, in situations where the anchor-cables act as a ramp and/or snag during the collision.

Abstract: Crash attenuator guardrail apparatus includes an impact head and a backstop having a cable and guardrails supported by guardrail supports located between the impact head and the backstop. Frictional forces are applied to the cable to control and resist movement of the impact head toward the backstop and provide lateral resistance. The guardrail supports include a base having break away structure and brace members having bends and which shorten or lengthen to absorb energy resulting from vehicle impact.

Abstract: A portable perimeter defense system is provided that is configured for preventing unwanted intrusions by vehicles or other heavy and fast-moving vehicles into a protected area while also providing requisite ballistic resistance capabilities. The defense system includes at least one individual modular barrier that can be readily transported to a point of use and can be secured in place without requiring heavy equipment or power sources, such as electricity. The modular barrier includes a front plate configured to provide ballistic protection in the direction of impact and to provide an impact surface capable of withstanding impact. The front plate extends upwardly from a base plate and a kick plate extends outwardly from the rear or aft side of the front plate. The front or fore edge of the base plate defines a vehicle engaging interface, the rear or aft edge of the base plate is arcuate and defines a ground engaging interface, and the rear or aft edge of the kick plate defines a ground engaging interface.

Abstract: A breakaway support post for a guardrail includes an upper post member and a lower post member. The upper and lower post members are overlapping and configured such that the upper and lower post members are non-rotatable relative to each other about an axis extending in an axial impact direction. In one embodiment, a tensile fastener extends in the axial impact direction and connects overlapping portions of the upper and lower post members. In another embodiment, a shear fastener extends transversely to the axial impact direction and is the only connection between the upper and lower post members. In another aspect, a guardrail assembly includes first and second rail sections, with a deforming member deforming the first rail section as it moves relative to the second rail section. Methods of using and assembling a guardrail assembly are also provided.

Abstract: An anti-ram system and method of construction having a shallow mounted base pad from which extend a plurality of bollards. Very little or only a shallow excavation is required for the base of the bollard system, which can be partially or fully assembled prior to bringing it to the installation site. The shallow mounting pad or base of the bollard system of this invention may be formed or constructed in various ways and of various materials, and in various configurations. The shallow mounting pad or base is constructed so as to have considerable mass.

Abstract: A barrier device capable of rapid deployment and assembly to form a barrier wall. The barrier device comprises wheels so as to be easily transported. The barrier device further comprises connection plates so that adjacent barriers can be connected to one another quickly and without the use of any tools or other components. In one aspect, the invention is the barrier device comprising: base plate structure having a top surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface of the base plate structure being in a first plane; a wall plate structure connected to and extending upward from the top surface of the base plate structure; and at least one wheel having a tread surface, the at least one wheel positioned so that the tread surface of the wheel is at or above the first plane and at least a portion of the tread surface extends beyond the rear edge of the base plate structure.

Abstract: A barrier system includes at least first and second reinforced concrete posts, each concrete post including at least one conduit formed therethrough having first and second ends and a strain relief sector formed therein at the first end of the conduit. At least one tension cable extends between the posts. The tension cable extends through the conduit of each post and has a cable end secured to the post at the second end of each post's conduit.

Abstract: A shallow mounted fixed vehicle barrier device for prohibiting vehicular access to a facility or area. The shallow mounted fixed vehicle barrier device includes a barrier system having a passive position and a support system adapted to maintain the barrier system in the passive position. In the passive position, the barrier system prevents vehicles from passing by or through to the protected facility or area. The shallow mounted fixed vehicle barrier device always remains in the passive position and, therefore, never allows vehicles access to the secured facility or area, after installation. The barrier system includes a bollard and, optionally, a bollard sleeve. The support system includes a base frame attached to the bollard, such that the base frame is adapted to secure the bollard during vehicular attack. The shallow mounted fixed vehicle barrier device can be installed in a foundation having a depth of less than twelve inches.

Abstract: A roadway guardrail system including a rail and plurality of support posts assembled such that upon impact from a vehicle the rail moves upwardly with respect to the post. Fasteners may be used in the operative coupling of the rail to the support posts, such that upon impact the fasteners move upwardly with respect to the support posts and the rail moves upwardly along with the fasteners. The guardrail system may further include a reinforcing member that is slidable along the post and operatively coupled to the rail with the fasteners, such that the rail and fasteners slide along with the reinforcing member with respect to the support posts. The reinforcing member may be a spacer of various shapes, a washer, an additional rail section, or other type of member that allows the rail to slide upwardly with respect to the post.

Abstract: This invention relates to guardrails and guardrail impact heads for use in roading networks or vehicle road lanes requiring separation by a barrier. The invention provides an impact head for a guardrail including cable routing means adapted to form a convoluted path through which a cable can be threaded. The convoluted path that the cables must follow through the impact head of the invention restricts movement of the cable through the head, thereby providing sufficient friction to slow down the movement of the impact head during a vehicle impact. The invention also provides a method of constructing a guardrail including the steps of slidably interconnecting a plurality of rails and attaching them to posts, positioning an impact head according to any one of the preceding claims at one end of the slidably interconnected rails, threading at least one cable through the impact head and anchoring the cable to the ground.

Abstract: Road safety barrier (10) usable in correspondence with a roadway and consisting of modular elements (11), each of which comprises a skirt (20, 120) having a front surface (27) facing towards the roadway. Each modular element (11) comprises at least a metal upright (12) which lies on a substantially vertical plane and is anchored to the roadway. The skirt (20, 120) is attached on the metal upright (12) in order to arrange, during use, the front surface (27) facing towards the roadway; the metal upright (12) comprises two lateral flanks (13) which diverge towards the front surface (27), and are joined together in a rear zone (35), distant from the front surface (27).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to continuously secure a displacement while dynamic kinetic energy of a vehicle is absorbed by a kinetic frictional force and rolling force produced by dragging a surface of a soft rolled tube, and to let an evaluation index of PHD belong to a passenger safety index by slowly maintaining the maximum deceleration applied to the vehicle and passenger, thereby preventing a human in safe against fatal impact.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle restraint system (1) for delimiting roadways, including base bodies (3) that can be detachably coupled to each other, wherein the base bodies (3) can be placed on a road surface (4) and have at least one weighting body (5). The weighting bodies (5) are formed by a outer casing (6), which is filled with a curable filler (7). Provided on the weighting bodies (5) are fasteners (8) which project out in relation to the weighting body (5), wherein the weighting bodies (5) can be fastened in the base body (3) by means of the fasteners. The vehicle restraint system (1) stands on the road surface (4) by means of support feet (19). The support feet (19) include a main body (20) and an elastomer body (21).

Abstract: A barrier assembly includes a barrier having an interior surface and an opposing exterior surface extending between a first end and an opposing second end. The interior surface bounds a chamber that is adapted to receive a ballast. The barrier also has an internal sidewall extending between top and bottom surfaces of the barrier so as to bound a passage extending completely through the barrier between the top and bottom surfaces. The barrier assembly also includes an elongated coupler extending down through the passage and projecting below the bottom surface of the barrier. A means for securing the coupler within the passage is formed on or attached to the coupler. The means for securing the coupler within the passage prevents the coupler from being removed from the passage while allowing the coupler to freely rotate within the passage.

Abstract: A combined guardrail and cable safety system is disclosed. In one aspect, the present invention teaches a safety barrier including a plurality of cable posts spaced from each other and disposed adjacent to a roadway. At least two cables are releasably engaged with and supported by the cable posts. The cable posts and the two cables cooperate with each other to prevent a vehicle from leaving the roadway. A plurality of guardrail posts are spaced from each other and disposed adjacent to the roadway longitudinally spaced from the plurality of cable post. A guardrail beam is fixedly coupled to the plurality of guardrail posts and including slots. The two cables extend from the cable posts through respective slots formed in the guardrail beam permitting each cable to engage a respective cable anchor bracket securely fastened to a portion of the guardrail beam.

Abstract: A visual highlight accessory for attachment to highway guardrails has a paint coating and a clear varnish overcoating with mica particles for making the visual highlight accessory and the guardrail on which the visual highlight accessory is mounted readily visible to persons in vehicles travelling along a highway along which the visual highlight accessory borders. The visual highlight accessory has orifices corresponding to orifices in the guardrails to facilitate mounting of the visual highlight accessory on a guardrail.

Abstract: A terminal post for a barrier includes an upright portion having an aperture positioned, so that in use: the aperture is located in a region of the upright portion above a ground engaging portion of the upright portion; and wherein located on one side of the aperture is a transverse reinforcing member which includes a slot for receiving a cable. At least one groove, or pair of notches is provided located beneath the aperture, and form(s) a predetermined fail line, along which the post will deform, upon receiving a substantially inline impact, which causes the transverse member to move to release the cable, and wherein the aperture is dimensioned to allow the terminal end of the cable formally retained by the slot to pass therethrough.

Abstract: A guardrail screen assembly connectable to a guardrail assembly is disclosed. The screen assembly includes at least one top rail member, guardrail attachment members for attaching opposing ends of the at least one top rail member to opposing guardrail posts, a bottom rail member, and a screen member, attached to the at least one top rail member and the bottom rail member, for preventing debris and animals from traveling to and from a roadway side of the guardrail assembly.

Abstract: A sacrificial crash cushion (10) for a roadside object (e.g. post, mast or pylon), comprising a body (12) defining a chamber (14) containing a sacrificial energy absorber (16), the chamber (14) having a central region (20) and a lateral region (22, 24) on each side thereof, wherein the lateral regions (22, 24) extend away from the central region (20) such that the body (12) has a profile (30) configured to abut a roadside object, the profile having in each of two spaced-apart locations a contact surface (32, 34) for contacting a roadside object, with the contact surfaces (32, 34) facing in different directions.

Abstract: A vehicle restraint system for delimiting roadways includes guide barriers (1) which are detachably placed next to each other. Each guide barrier (1) includes a housing-like base body (3) which can be set up on the ground (2) on pedestals (24). A pedestal (24) includes a metal main body (25) and a ground-facing elastomer body (26) connected to the main body (25). The pedestal (24) can be detachably fastened to the main body (3) by way of a connecting element (27), wherein the connecting element (27) interacts with an abutment (29) on the main body (25). In particular, rubber-metal elements or buffers are used as pedestals (24).

Abstract: A road safety barrier having a plurality of ropes supported by posts rigidly mounted on or in the ground is described. Each rope is held in tension against the posts and supported in a longitudinally oriented indentation in a side of the posts. The ropes are released from a post and the post is not pulled from the ground when a vertical force is exerted on the rope. The post may have a circular cross-section and the indentation has a bottom oriented substantially parallel to the ground such that the rope is biased to exit upward out of the indentation. The ropes when weaved are tensioned against the posts and this gives rise to a combined frictional resistance to displacement of the ropes relative to each post along the length of the safety barrier.

Abstract: A coupling system for a traffic barricade has at least first and second traffic barrier segments adapted to be coupled in abutting alignment. First and second connectors are movable from a retracted position in upper and lower bolt retraction cavities in the first barrier segment to a second coupled position wherein ends of each of the connectors pass through connecting rod shafts in the second barrier segment and secure abutment of the first and second traffic barrier segments. Hand holes are provided in each segment to enable assemblers to move the connectors from the first to the second position.

Abstract: A crash attenuator for decelerating an impacting vehicle includes a first end that can be releasably secured to a vehicle, and a second end that is longitudinally spaced from the first end. The second end includes an impact member that is movable in the longitudinal direction from a pre-impact position to an impact position. At least a pair of deformable attenuator members are spaced laterally and extend longitudinally between the first and second ends. At least a portion of the attenuators are bent in a non-outboard direction when the impact member moves from the pre-impact position to the impact position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle restraining system for limiting roadways comprising a base beam extending along the longitudinal axis, which overlies a U-shaped bottom and, in the plane view of an orthogonal cross-section along the longitudinal axis, reduces from the U-shaped bottom upwardly and a leading profile, which extends along the longitudinal axis, is placed above the base beam and is fixed thereto. According to said invention said base beam and the guiding profile are connected to each other by means of an intermediate connecting area, which is closed at least on one side and extends, in a substantially vertical direction, from the top end of the base beam upwardly towards the guiding profile, wherein the base beam, the connecting area and the guiding profile form a wall element and, in the plane view of an orthogonal cross-section along the longitudinal axis, said guiding profile extends with respect to the connecting area towards the road way, at least locally.

Abstract: A crash barrier beam (10) suitable for temporary placement on a road comprises a housing (18) which, in profile, has a laterally extending base (12) for contact with the road. The beam has a narrower central element (14) upwardly extending from the base that terminates in a top portion (16). The exterior of the housing provides a continuous impact surface to an oncoming vehicle and the profile provides stability to the beam on impact. The crash barrier beam (10) has a length defined by a first end (24) and a second end (26, 28). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations (32, 34) for engagement with corresponding formations (38, 40) on an end of an adjacent beam (10?) so as to facilitate joining of the beams to one another. The formations are configured for the beams to be substantially self-aligning with respect to each other.

Abstract: A combined guardrail and cable safety system is disclosed. In one aspect, a safety barrier incorporating the teachings of the present disclosure may include a plurality of cable posts spaced from each other and disposed adjacent to a roadway. At least two cables may be releasably engaged with and supported by the cable posts. The cable posts and the at least two cables may cooperate with each other to prevent a vehicle from leaving the roadway. A plurality of guardrail posts may also spaced from each other and disposed adjacent to the roadway longitudinally spaced from the plurality of cable post. A box beam guardrail beam may be attached to the plurality of guardrail posts. The at least two cables may operably extend from the cable posts to engage respective cable anchor brackets attached to the box beam guardrail beam.

Abstract: A support post for a guardrail has a strong axis and a weak axis which is substantially perpendicular to the strong axis. The support post is adapted to receive a guardrail such that the rail face of the guardrail runs generally perpendicular to the strong axis such that the support post resists an impact on the face of the guardrail and yields to an impact force on the end of the guardrail.

Abstract: A reusable energy-absorbing crash attenuator comprises a base, a rail disposed on and extending along a length of the base, and a plurality of energy absorbing modules slidably disposed on the rail. Each of the energy absorbing modules comprises a first module portion and a second module portion which are attached together. Each of the module portions comprise plastic, preferably high density polyethylene (HDPE), and have a combination of concave and convex curvature. A plurality of fender panels are disposed in adjoining end-to-end fashion along each side of the length of the crash attenuator. The fender panels are arranged to slide together in telescoping fashion upon impact of the crash attenuator by a vehicle.

Abstract: A waveform beam guardrail plate and a waveform beam steel guardrail are provided. In which, the guardrail plate includes a main body (15) and two rings (16, 17) with a same structure installed axial symmetrically on an upper and a lower edges of the main body; furthermore, a transverse section of the main body has an arc shape, and the upper and lower edges of the main body of the guardrail plate are curled inwardly and helically toward a protruding direction of the main body of the guardrail plate for forming the two rings (16, 17). The waveform beam steel guardrail includes numbers of guardrail plate units (1, 11), upright posts (2) and preventing blocks (3), and the guardrail plate units (1, 11) are connected with the upright posts (2) by the preventing blocks (3).

Abstract: Systems and methods for arresting vehicles or other moving objects are detailed. The systems may be bi-directional, so as to arrest vehicles on either side of a barrier. They additionally may be reset for reuse relatively rapidly following deployment and comprise mechanical controllers for facilitating suitable deformation of the barriers. Modular slotted beams also may be employed to accommodating differing widths and crowns of roadways.

Abstract: Contention system for lateral impacts from vehicles, of the kind formed from a mixed metal and wooden horizontal continuous rail, comprising two or more wooden logs of equal cross-section, preferably rectangular, fitted with the same metal profile of cross-section preferably in the form of a “sigma” and longitudinally connected together by means of a metal plate, with the rail being supported at regular intervals by metal uprights inserted or secured into the ground, externally faced with a wooden cover consisting of three or more flat wooden strips, the rail being fixed to the posts by means of a metal distancer spacer by way of support, formed from a main piece in the form of an “omega” lying on its side which joins consecutive rails together via their ends and an interior U-piece which incorporates the star-shaped hole for the breakaway attachment between the support and the post, with a metal support plate between the front part of the wooden cover for the post and the central part of the metal support.

Abstract: A highway guardrail post comprises an elongated one-piece roll-formed metal body including a front wall defining an attachment face, a pair of opposing side walls orthogonal to the front wall, a first pair of inverted corners respectively connecting the pair of side walls to the front wall, and a second pair of inverted corners respectively extending from the pair of side walls and terminating in a pair of spaced rear edges to define a rear access opening opposite the front wall. The guardrail posts may be manufactured by roll-forming a metal sheet or coil and cutting the roll-formed metal sheet or coil into lengths.

Abstract: A combined guardrail and cable safety system is disclosed. In one aspect, a safety barrier incorporating the teachings of the present disclosure may include a plurality of cable posts spaced from each other and disposed adjacent to a roadway. At least two cables may be releasably engaged with and supported by the cable posts. The cable posts and the at least two cables may cooperate with each other to prevent a vehicle from leaving the roadway. A plurality of guardrail posts may also spaced from each other and disposed adjacent to the roadway longitudinally spaced from the plurality of cable post. A box beam guardrail beam may be attached to the plurality of guardrail posts. The at least two cables may operably extend from the cable posts to engage respective cable anchor brackets attached to the box beam guardrail beam.

Abstract: A breakaway coupling for use with a ground-installed road sign such as a stop sign typically located at the side of a road. The coupling interfaces between a conventional hollow ground stake and a hollow sign post. The coupling can be used with newly installed stop signs, as well as with currently installed stop signs, without modification to either the post of the ground stake. When the sign post is struck by an automobile, the coupling shears along a preformed score section generally aligned with the bottom of the post such that the post and sign break completely from the ground stake and are propelled away from the automobile.

Abstract: A road rail comprises tubular posts (1; 20) to be anchored in the ground and a rail profile (2; 21) to be attached to the posts. The rail profile has a substantially closed cross-section but is open downwards for lowering onto the posts. The rail profile is supported on each post by a support member (5; 24) carried by lower edges of opposed cutouts (4; 23) in the post.

Abstract: A gate apparatus has a pair of spaced apart base assemblies and a gate assembly. Each base assembly has a base frame with leg assemblies and braces and a receiver attaching to the top of the base frame and having a guide mechanism. The gate assembly has a beam engaging the guide mechanism of at least one of the receivers and wheel assemblies attached to each end the beam.

Abstract: Disclosed is an impact absorbing barrier assembly. The assembly includes a support having a pipe configuration and installed at the center line or the side of a road, an impact absorbing cylinder combined to the support and including a cylinder having a penetrating through-hole and being made by using one of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and soft polyurethane, and including a rotation support pipe corresponding to the outside circumference of the support and inserted into the through-hole, a fence guide horizontally installed at upper and lower portions of the impact absorbing cylinder and at front and rear portions of the support to connect the supports, a fence guide combining device, and a rotation support device to support the rotation of the impact absorbing cylinder. The impact from a car collision with the impact absorbing barrier assembly may be reduced.

Abstract: An energy-absorbing post for absorbing the impact energy of an errant vehicle wherein the impact energy is absorbed by out-of-place deformation in the material of the post. Out-of-plane deformation is provided by utilizing a through bolt extending through a splice connection between upper and lower posts sections. Alternatively, out-of-plane deformation is provided by leaving an axial gap on a splice bolts. For terminal applications, a single through-bolt is utilized to allow the upper post section to pivot during end on impacts. Bolt. tear out facilitators, including stress concentrators and pre-buckles, or an angled through-bolt decrease any initially high tear-out forces.

Abstract: A non-lethal energy absorbing vehicle barrier for decelerating an impacting vehicle includes a first gate member and a second gate member disposed downstream of the first gate member. The first and second gate members are movable from a retracted position in which the first and second gate members are disposed so as not to impede vehicular traffic on a vehicle pathway, to a deployed position in which the first and second gate members are disposed to impede vehicular traffic on the vehicle pathway. The first gate has a height that is lower than a height of the second gate in the deployed position. Both the first and second gate members include at least a pair of deformable energy absorbing members that are deformed in a substantially inboard direction by a deforming member when the first and second gates are deformed from a pre-impact configuration to an impact configuration.

Abstract: Road safety barrier belonging to the type of barriers that are mounted along road shoulders and outer edges to serve as protective elements and it is configured by a plurality of vertical poles to which the upper w-beam is affixed above and the corresponding lower support element is affixed below to allow assembling the protective woven mesh element to this structure but at a distance from the plurality of vertical poles, said structure comprising support elements (4) inferior to the vertical poles (2), a mesh which different longitudinal areas are woven in different warp densities that is then secured between the w-beam (3) and the lower support elements (4), washers (10) and fixing plates (9) made from ABS or polyamide which serve to secure the woven mesh (5) to the w-beam and the lower support elements (4) and additionally act as energy absorbing elements.

Abstract: A guard rail is provided with noise-reducing measures and includes a plurality of substantially vertical posts supporting a longitudinal guard rail beam. Furthermore the guard rail is provided with plate-shaped noise-reducing modules attached to the supporting, substantially vertical posts. Advantageously, the guard rail may be perforated so that the sound is allowed to pass into the noise-reducing modules at the rear.

Abstract: A barrier system and method for providing a barrier system are disclosed. The barrier system and method relate to a vehicle and pedestrian barrier system which can be positioned in vehicle and pedestrian passageways adjacent a protected structure or area to preclude the vehicle or the pedestrian from reaching and engaging the protected structure or area.

Abstract: Crash attenuator guardrail apparatus includes an impact head and a backstop having a cable and guardrails supported by guardrail supports located between the impact head and the backstop. Frictional forces are applied to the cable to control and resist movement of the impact head toward the backstop and provide lateral resistance. The guardrail supports include a base having break away structure and brace members having bends and which shorten or lengthen to absorb energy resulting from vehicle impact.

Abstract: Crash attenuator guardrail apparatus includes an impact head and a backstop having a cable and guardrails supported by guardrail supports located between the impact head and the backstop. Frictional forces are applied to the cable to control and resist movement of the impact head toward the backstop and provide lateral resistance.

Abstract: An energy absorbing system with one or more energy absorbing assemblies is provided to reduce or eliminate severity of a collision between a moving vehicle and a roadside hazard. The energy absorbing system may be installed adjacent various roadside hazards or may be installed on highway service equipment. One end of the system may face oncoming traffic. A collision by a motor vehicle with a sled assembly may result in shredding or rupturing of portions of an energy absorbing element to dissipate energy from the vehicle collision.

Abstract: Crash attenuator guardrail apparatus includes an impact head and a backstop having a cable and guardrails supported by guardrail supports located between the impact head and the backstop. Frictional forces are applied to the cable to control and resist movement of the impact head toward the backstop and provide lateral resistance. The backstop releasably supports the cable and guardrails.