Abstract: An air flow controller includes: a box-shaped body cover that is disposed above and/or below a film running surface to be adjacent to an upstream side of an entrance of a tenter oven in a film running direction and/or a downstream side of an exit of the tenter oven in the film running direction, the box-shaped body cover extending in the film running direction and having a surface facing the film running surface and being open. The box-shaped body cover includes at least one partition structural body in the box-shaped body cover, the partition structural body extending in a width direction of the film and separating inside of the box-shaped body cover into a plurality of chambers, and each of at least two of the chambers is provided with an air discharge mechanism configured to discharge air in a corresponding chamber.

Abstract: A film-stretching apparatus in accordance with an aspect of the present invention includes a stretching furnace which has (i) an entrance through which a material film is transferred into the stretching furnace and (ii) an exit through which the material film having been stretched is transferred out of the stretching furnace, an airflow in the entrance being controlled so as to be directed toward an outside of the stretching furnace.

Abstract: A package for compartmentalized preservation of harvested fruit or vegetables and methods are disclosed. The package may include a first flexible polymer film, comprising integral molded or vacuum formed cups configured to hold a fruit or vegetable, wherein the integral molded or vacuum formed cups can be collapsed into a plane of the first polymer film or extended from the first polymer film; and a second flexible polymer film configured to overlay the first polymer film. In some embodiments, the cups containing the fruit or vegetable may be inflated and sealed to form protective bubbles.

Abstract: A heat setter that heat-sets delicate knit fabrics, sensitive knit fabrics, similar constituted fabrics, and analogously constituted fabrics that may include metal, other threads, and panels in or appended to the delicate knit fabrics and the sensitive knit fabrics, and supports and avoids stretching, marking, and drooping of the delicate knit fabrics and the sensitive knit fabrics going through the heat setter. The heat setter includes a main portion. The main portion heat-sets the delicate knit fabrics, the sensitive knit fabrics, the similar constituted fabrics, and the analogously constituted fabrics that may include the metal, the other threads, and the panels in or appended to the delicate knit fabrics and the sensitive knit fabrics, and supports and avoids the stretching, the marking, and the drooping of the delicate knit fabrics and the sensitive knit fabrics going through the main portion.

Abstract: A tenter oven stretches a thermoplastic resin film in the width direction thereof, wherein an air blowing nozzle provided therein that blows heated air onto a film running along a film passing surface is a proximate nozzle in which an air blowing opening provided on the air blowing surface thereof is formed as a slit, a distance (L) between the air blowing surface and the film passing surface and a slit width (B) of the slit satisfy the relationship expressed by the equation, (L/B)?10, and the distance (L) is 150 mm or less.

Abstract: A modular tenter frame for guiding a pair of chains with pins through a predetermined path to transport an open width tubular knit web through a drying oven and/or a steaming station to a compressive treating station to improve quality of the open width tubular knit web. The frame includes a rail section. The rail section guides an associated chain with the pins through the predetermined path to transport the open width tubular knit web through the drying oven and/or the steaming station to the compressive treating station to improve the quality of the open width tubular knit web. The rail section has a pair of recessed tracks being longitudinal, facing in a same direction, being spaced-apart from each other by a space therebetween defined by a web, and receiving the chains.

Abstract: A clip (10) has a frame (31) and a flapper (32). Two dry bearings (37) are inserted into a hole (32d) formed in the flapper. Then an attaching shaft (35) is inserted from one of the holes (34a) in the frame (31) to the other through the dry bearings (37), so as to swingably attaching the flapper (32) to the frame (31). DAIDAYNE DDK 01 of DAIDO METAL Corp. is used as the dry bearing (37). A first and a second clip covers (51,52) are provided to cover the clips (10). Fresh air feeding pipes (55) are connected to the first and second clip covers (51,52). Fresh air is fed from the fresh air feeding pipes (55) toward the clips (10) through air outlets (56) provided in the first and second clip covers (51,52).

Abstract: A tenter system designed to be used for simultaneously treatment of two base fabrics for felts for paper machines, or similar products, an upper fabric (3) and a lower fabric (4), comprising a pair of tenter frames (6) for the upper fabric and a pair of tenter frames (7) for the lower fabric being adapted to grip respectively the upper and lower fabric along both edges of the fabrics through the heat treatment zone (5), and to maintain specified stretch in the direction transversally to the direction of fabric movement by allowing the two pairs of tenter frames (6, 7) to move in the transversal direction independently of each other, thereby allowing independent change of width of the two fabrics in the transversal direction.

Abstract: A stentering machine having a horizontal drying zone and a vertical pretreatment zone for a web of material spread out between stentering chains is described. The stentering chains are brought from the vertical position into a horizontal position in a deflection zone. In order to achieve the result, in the case of a stentering chain with deflection about axes that stand vertical to the surface of the web of material, that the chain can be guided through the deflection zone with tilting of the linking pins, without damage to the pin bearings, the deflection pins are configured to be crowned elements. The deflection bolt bearings are shaped to correspond to the crowning of the pins.

Abstract: A stentering machine having a horizontal drying zone and a vertical pretreatment zone for a strip of material held spread out between tension chains configured as slide chains is described. The tension chains are brought from the vertical into the horizontal position in a deflection zone. In order to achieve the result that the slide pads that carry the tension chain, in each instance, make area contact with the related support guideways both in the horizontal, level region and in the curved region of the guide rails, the slide surfaces of the supporting slide pads that are affixed to the chain are divided into three consecutive zones, in the transport direction, namely a level edge zone, a curved center zone, and a second level edge zone.

Abstract: A stentering machine having a drying zone and a pretreatment zone for coating a web of material on both sides and drying it is described. One aim consists of deflecting a web of material coated in the vertical position and stretched out in width, in order to introduce it into a conventional flat tenter frame, without damaging the coating. According to the invention, the web of material is needled into a pair of stentering chains having a predetermined chain pitch, and deflected from the vertical into the horizontal position on such a large arc that the difference between the sum of the chain pitches that form the arc chords and the arc length itself becomes small enough to be ignored.

Abstract: A tenter system designed to be used for simultaneously treatment of two base fabrics for felts for paper machines, or similar products, an upper fabric (3) and a lower fabric (4), comprising a pair of tenter frames (6) for the upper fabric and a pair of tenter frames (7) for the lower fabric being adapted to grip respectively the upper and lower fabric along both edges of the fabrics through the heat treatment zone (5), and to maintain specified stretch in the direction transversally to the direction of fabric movement by allowing the two pairs of tenter frames (6, 7) to move in the said transversal direction independently of each other, thereby allowing independent change of width of the two fabrics in said transversal direction.

Abstract: A method of relieving stress in a window covering or other fabric composite by providing a fabric composite including first and second sheets of sheer material coupled to each other by a plurality of vanes. The fabric composite is fed along a pathway, and tension is applied to the fabric composite in directions both substantially perpendicular and substantially parallel to the pathway. The tensioned fabric composite passes adjacent to a plurality of heating units which apply heat to the window covering, removing creases and imperfections from the fabric composite. The tension is then removed from the fabric composite in the directions both parallel and perpendicular to the pathway.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous drying and shrinking of textile knitted or woven good incorporates at least one drying station that includes several oppositely disposed and oppositely hot-air nozzles which are offset relative to each other and directed into a through-channel defined thereby. At least upper and lower endless rotating, porous guide belts limit the channel above and below.

Abstract: Telescoping slot nozzles for use with a rail assembly are disclosed. Each nozzle includes a fixed portion and at least one telescoping portion slidably guided in the fixed portion. Metal-to-metal contact in the nozzle is avoided, thereby allowing the nozzles to operate at high temperatures. The configuration of the nozzle discharge opening can be easily modified to form an air knife, depending upon the particular application. Each nozzle is independent of the others, thereby facilitating retrofitting existing ovens and maintenance of individual nozzles.

Abstract: A pair of stretching pulleys are rotatably mounted on a pair of support plates within a housing. A belt is wound around the upper part of the stretching pulley and a number of turn pulleys. A film introduced onto the stretching pulley is held between the belt and the stretching pulley and is transferred. Air flow generated by a fan and heated with a heater is blown against the film through a louver and circulates through bellows mounted to the housing to return to the fan. The stretching pulley is partially cooled in a water bath. The support plates are rotatably connected to screw shafts, thereby changing a distance and angle between the plates. The stretch width or stretch ratio of the film is thus adjusted with the change of the distance and angle.

Abstract: A tentering system having a pair of spaced tenter rails defining a first end, a second end and a tentering path, and moveable material securement members carried by the tenter rails is disclosed. The tentering system may include first material guides at the first end of the tenter rails and second material guides at the second end of the tenter rails, and at least one drive motor for alternately and selectively driving the securement members in the first and second directions. In addition or in the alternative, a pair of direct drive motors is provided at the first end of the tenter rails, each of the direct drive motors including a clutch moveable between a drive position and a neutral position, and clutch actuating means to selectively and positively move the clutch from the neutral position to the drive position. In addition or in the alternative, first and second pairs of direct drive motors are provided at the first and second ends of the tenter rails, respectively.

Abstract: Stenter apparatus for stretching a web to produce a relatively thin film comprises two transversely spaced endless chains one the mirror image of the other relative to the stenter center line (C--C), each chain comprising an inner feed run (9) and an outer return run (10) mounted on supports. Each endless chain is constituted by film clip holders (3) and the chain pases around end sprockets (11B, 12B). The present invention provides a means for lateral adjustment of the feed runs (9) comprising adjustment means for lateral movement of the feed run support relative to the return run support and pivoting portions (10A, 10B) in the outer run support adjacent the end sprockets (11B, 12B) to enable said lateral movement of the feed run. Consequently a major portion of the outer run support does not require to have lateral movement and can be fixed in position and this provides economies in the construction. Further, end sprockets (11B, 12B) of smaller diameter can be used.

Abstract: A covering device for the inlet and outlet slots of a tenter comprises a flexible plastic strip whose ends are fastened in the region of the ends of the respective slot. In the area where the chain rail guides extend through the slot, the plastic strip is deflected in U-shaped configuration by deflector elements outside the slot and spanning the chain guides. The deflector elements are angularly oriented relative to the longitudinal axis of the slot at an angle of about 45 degrees and are fastened on a movable carriage connected to the chain guides so that movement of the chain guides transversely of the slot functions also to move the U-shaped configuration of the flexible plastic strip.

Abstract: The tensioning machine serves for a heat treatment of lengths of material which are guided widthways, particularly textile material. Two tensioning chains convey the lengths of material in the usual way through an inlet zone, a plurality of heat treatment zones and an outlet zone, and the advancing and returning strands of the tensioning chain are supported and guided in chain guide rails. In order to cool the tensioning chains very effectively and thereby to be able to prolong the operational life of the high-temperature grease which is used, cooling air blowing arrangements by which the used cooling air can be introduced into the heat treatment zones as preheated fresh air are associated with the long sections of the chain guide rails running inside the heat treatment zones.

Abstract: Textile fabrics are dyed in open widths in a closed, heated environment by spraying a heated dye composition containing a dyestuff dispersed in a non-aqueous, high-boiling solvent, without the dye applicator directly contacting the fabric, directly onto the fabric. The sprayed fabric is held under transverse tension in a heated (350.degree. to 450.degree. F.) environment and further heated while the sprayed dye dispersion migrates, penetrates thoroughly through the fabric and levels substantially evenly across the width of the fabric. Fabrics are thus simultaneously uniformly dyed and uniformly heatset. Apparatus for conducting the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A thermoplastic material web is stretched transverse to the machine direction along a stretch course which widens exponentially in the stretching zone, an improved stretching apparatus being used to effect such stretching.

Abstract: In a film stretching machine having tentering chains travelling in an endless loop, the forward advance tracks of the tentering chains are laterally adjustably arranged within the machine housing for adjusting to fit different material web widths and for adjusting the lateral or widthwise stretching ratio. The tentering chain reversal guide arrangements at the inlet and outlet ends of the machine are correspondingly laterally slidably adjustable. The return tracks for the tentering chains are arranged outside of the housing in a fixed position and orientation relative to the housing. Straight transition guide portions pivotally connect the stationary return chain tracks to connection points of the respective laterally movable reversal guide arrangement. The straight transition guide portions are each articulated at one end to the respective return chain track and at the other end to the respective reversal guide arrangement. The return chain tracks may be either open or completely closed channels.

Abstract: A film stretching machine with tentering hook chain tracks extending through several consecutive processing zones is constructed of preassembled standardized exchangeable structural groups permitting a modular type of construction. These structural groups include venting cells of the same kind which are fully pre-equipped and are arranged along the left and right edges of the film web to be stretched. Exchangeable blower boxes with nozzle fingers or arms having a standardized width are installable between opposite venting cells of a processing zone. The dimensions of the venting cells are matched to the dimensions of typical shipping containers in order to achieve efficient packaging possibilities. The length of the venting cells advantageously corresponds to two or three times a standard spacing of adjustment spindles used for adjusting the spacing of the tentering hook chain tracks. The width of the standardized blower boxes may vary stepwise by twice the width of the venting cells.

Abstract: The nozzle velocity profile of a textile treating assembly, such as a tenter oven, is determined in a simple and effective manner. A pitot tube is mounted on a fabric web-engaging support. A pressure transducer is operatively connected to the pitot tube and produces an electrical signal proportional to the difference between the static and total pressures sensed by the pitot tube for each nozzle. A wire is releasably connected to the transducer and extends to the exterior of the tenter oven, and is connected to a reeling assembly at the exterior of the tenter oven. The position of the sensing portion of the pitot tube is adjustable so that it can extend above or below the fabric web.

Abstract: A textile fabric formed of synthetic fibrous material or blends with natural fibers to which dyestuffs have been applied is subjected to a thermosol heat treatment by directing the fabric supported on an air permeable conveyor through a heated oven while directing heated air downwardly through the fabric and through the underlying supporting conveyor and while at predetermined longitudinally spaced locations as the fabric travels through the oven directing heated air upwardly through the open mesh conveyor and into contact with the fabric so as to lift portions of the fabric from the conveyor to permit free shrinkage and bulking of the fabric while avoiding distortion of the fabric or obtaining an undesirable ironed surface appearance as would occur if the fabric were pinned to the conveyor. This method also achieves very rapid and efficient heat transfer to the fabric and thus avoids the extreme time and temperature conditions which result in harsh treatment of the fabric.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus for biaxial orientation of precrystalline polyacrylonitrile polymer sheet consisting essentially of a machine direction orientor which stretches the sheet in the machine direction a transverse direction orientor which stretches the sheet in the direction 90.degree. to the machine direction, both processes of which may be completed rapidly in a heated essentially aqueous environment.

Abstract: A dryer range and the like wherein improved air flow means are provided for retaining heated air in contact with the web for maximum utilization of the heated air and for facilitating return of the spent air for reheating or for exhausting into the atmosphere to remove excess moisture or volatile material such as knitting oil and the like from the range. A pair of opposed air flow retaining baffles are carried by spaced plenums adjacent the fabric or web for thus retaining the air directed in streams against the web.

Abstract: An apparatus for stretching polymeric film is disclosed wherein a heating unit is located slightly above and between the parallel tracks of a tenter frame and wherein the heating unit includes an air duct with an air entrance opening and a series of apertures directed between the tenter frame tracks wherein the air duct is separated, by internal intermediate walls, into adjacent isolated zones extending parallel with the tracks of the tenter frame and wherein each isolated zone includes a heater. Air introduced into the duct is conducted through the zones where it is heated and directed through the apertures onto a web of polymeric film moving in the tenter frame prior to stretching.

Abstract: A continuous padding type dyeing machine particularly suitable for handling elastic fabrics, the machine including a padding bath with at least a pair of main and auxiliary padding rollers and a dryer having a pair of spaced endless conveyors means provided on opposite sides of a path of travel of the fabrics for transferring them through the dryer without causing excessive tensioning thereto. The endless conveyors are movable in and along a number of adjustable guide members and provided with a number of pin members for holding longitudinal side edge portions of the fabrics. A pair of detectors are provided at a lower end of a vertical section of the path of travel of the fabric through the dryer in association with opposite longitudinal side edges of the fabric for adapting the guide members to the particular width of the fabric under treatment.

Abstract: An automatic temperature control system for a textile tenter frame having an oven section for heating the fabric in order to "set" its fibers in an essentially non-shrinkable state. The system operates to maximize the speed of the tenter frame while maintaining optimum heat set conditions. Fabric temperature from within the oven and initial moisture content data are furnished to a computer and processed with time-at-temperature target inputs to provide tenter frame speed control output signals.

Abstract: A perforated drum drier with a first lower inlet opening in a rear wall of a drier housing for feeding a tubular knit fabric to a first drum in the housing, and with a substantially horizontal stentering chain mechanism extending through a second upper inlet opening into the housing to a front guide roller for the two pin-studded stentering chains, the axis of which is located slightly ahead of a vertical plane extending through the axis of the first drum, and so far above the first drum that the parts of the lower stringers of the chains adjacent to the front guide roller are substantially in horizontal alignment with the top of the first drum so that an open fabric will be removed from the pins of the chains by its own gravity and by the suction of the first drum and be transferred simultaneously to this drum. The stentering mechanism is located so highly from the floor that an operator can stand underneath it.