Abstract: An arc by-product evacuation and neutralization system is disclosed. The system includes a vacuum cleaner having an input port for receiving air containing powdery arc by-products. The vacuum cleaner also includes a non-corrosive plastic tank containing an alkaline solution for neutralizing the powdery arc by-products. The neutralization is achieved by jet action causing the alkaline solution to be agitated thereby absorbing the powdery arc by-products.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for simultaneously vaporizing a hydrocarbon fluid and water to produce a hydrocarbon fuel gas and steam includes a body member with a smooth surface axial bore having an enlarged end. The non-enlarged portion of the bore receives an elongated thick-walled sleeve having two separate coextensive, interjacent, helical passages formed in its outer surface and positioned in liquid tight engagement with the inner surface of the bore. The first passage communicates with a water inlet and steam outlet at opposite ends of the body member. The second passage is of larger in cross section than the first and communicates at one end with a hydrocarbon fluid inlet on the body member adjacent the water inlet and at its other end with the enlarged bore portion, the latter having a hydrocarbon fuel gas outlet.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for admixing anesthetic with respiratory gas to be supplied to a patient, which comprises a mixing chamber having an inlet for receiving the liquid anesthesia and the respiratory gas, and an outlet for supplying the mixture. A feed line is provided in the inlet for the liquid anesthesia, with a heat exchanger for equalizing the inlet temperatures of the anesthesia and respiratory gas. Temperature sensors are provided in the inlet and the outlets with a circuit for determining the difference between the temperatures. Without heating of the chamber this difference is proportional to a ratio between the evaporated anesthetic and respiratory gas. With the chamber heated to equate the inlet and outlet temperatures, the amount of heating is proportional to the flow of anesthetic to the chamber.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine has an electrical resistance heater accommodated in a chamber in gasket means which space a throttle body flange from a mating flange on an intake manifold of the engine for transferring heat to the throttle body flange to avoid freeze up in the throttle body during furnishing of an air-fuel mixture to the engine.

Abstract: A liquid fuel combustion apparatus for evaporating and vaporizing kerosene, gas oil or like liquid fuel by heating, admixing air with the vaporized fuel in a specified ratio and burning the resulting gaseous mixture in a combustion unit. The vaporizer for the liquid fuel comprises a liquid fuel drawing-up member (15) made of a heat-resistant porous body (8) or heat-resistant inorganic fiber fabric (9) for drawing up the liquid fuel, and a heat generating member (6) including coating layers (22, 23) of heat-resistant metal, heat-resistant alloy or heat-resistant metallic oxide for giving heat to the drawing-up member. To prevent formation of tar-like substances, a catalyst is preferably deposited on the surface of the drawing-up member and/or on the surface of the heat generating member. Further preferably, the outer periphery of the heat generating member (6) is in contact with the drawing-up member (5).

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine has an electrical resistance heater accommodated in low profile gasket means at a location between a throttle body mounting flange and a mating intake manifold flange for heating the throttle body. The gasket means comprises a relatively rigid electrically insulating spacer forming a chamber, a heat-transfer member and a terminal secured to opposite sides of a heater for mounting and making electrical connection to the heater which is accommodated in the spacer chamber, and relatively thin outer layers of more compressible gasket material for sealingly engaging the throttle body and mating manifold flange means respectively.

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine has an electrical resistance heater accommodated in gasket means disposed between a throttle body flange and a mating flange on an intake manifold so that the heater is located immediately adjacent an idling speed fuel inlet nozzle or the like in the throttle body for transferring heat to the nozzle area through the throttle body flange to prevent freeze-up of the nozzle during engine operation.

Abstract: A cool-running noiseless, non-spitting electric steam vaporizer has a liquid container with a top opening closed by a cap having a steam outlet and a vent opening. An inner housing cooperates with the cap to define a steam collection space communicating with the steam outlet and includes a depending heating chamber communicating with the steam collection space and surrounding a pair of electrodes extending into the container from the cap. An opening between the steam collection space and the container allows excess steam produced during periods of rapid boiling to flow to the container. An isolated conduit extending through the steam collection space from the container interior to the vent opening allows the excess steam to be exhausted without noise or spitting. An insulative double walled outer housing surrounds the heating chamber.

Abstract: An evaporative humidifier having a float operated relief mechanism that is normally air tight, and will release excess water from the humidifier, should the water inlet valve malfunction, to preclude liquid water from getting into the stream of air being humidified.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator for an internal combustion engine, which is provided with a ceramic heater, is disclosed. The fuel evaporator comprises a plurality of layered thin PTC ceramic plates, each of which has a plurality of open holes, electrodes which are provided on an upper surface, an under surface and between adjacent ceramic plates, and an insulator for securing the outer periphery of the layered PTC ceramic plates to the wall defining an air-fuel passage of an engine. The ceramic plates are electrically connected to one another in parallel so that each ceramic plate is rapidly heated by consuming only a small amount of electric power.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator to be installed between a carburetter and an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine for heating an air-fuel mixture flowing through an air-fuel passage of the carburetter is disclosed. The fuel evaporator comprises at least one ceramic heater formed of a circular PTC ceramic plate having honeycomb-shaped open passages, and at least one electrically conductive metallic plate having honeycomb-shaped open passages of which shape and arrangement are equal to those of the open passages of the PTC ceramic plate. The metallic plate is disposed on one surface or both surfaces of the ceramic heater so that the open passages of the metallic plate are coaxial with those of the ceramic heater. The ceramic heater and the metallic plate are disposed on a stepped portion formed in an insulator and the outer peripheral portion of the metallic plate is fixed to the insulator which is interposed between the carburetter and the intake manifold.

Abstract: A carburettor or other combustible mixture generator 1 has a mixture chamber 3 surrounded by a tubular wall 2 which has an inner skin 9 and an outer skin 10 with an annular heating chamber 11 between them. Heating fluid such as exhaust gas or heated engine cooling water flows through the chamber 11 from an inlet 12 to an outlet 13 and so heats the inner skin 9. A fuel metering device 6, 7 directs the fuel on to the surface of the heated skin 9 and thus causes the fuel to be evaporated within the mixing chamber 3 upstream of a throttle 4. This greatly improves the uniformity of the mixture and the uniformity of its distribution through an inlet downstream of the throttle 4.

Abstract: A structure for facilitating the starting and warming of an internal combustion engine provided with a carburetor in its intake passage. A side passage which is separate from the intake passage by-passes a throttle valve in the carburetor is connected to the intake passage. A fuel nozzle capable of injecting fuel into the side passage and a control valve adapted to open and close the side passage are also provided. A heating chamber is formed in the side passage on the downstream side of the control valve. A heating element adapted to heat a gaseous mixture generated in the side passage to turn the gaseous mixture into a combustible gaseous mixture is accommodated in the heating chamber. The structure may further include a heat insulating member inserted between the heating chamber and carburetor and/or intake passage. Further, the structure may include a secondary air passage, a fuel injection unit for injecting fuel into the heating chamber and a catalytic converter in the heating chamber.

Abstract: The present invention proposes an intake heating device of an internal combustion engine. The intake heating device has a hollow heater vessel comprising an inner pipe and an outer pipe between which an enclosed area is defined. For heating the inner pipe, a plurality of PTC elements are disposed in said enclosed area. The protection of the PTC elements from water, oil and the like is accomplished by coupling the inner and outer pipes hermetically and by embedding the lead members for applying voltage to PTC elements integrally in the outer pipe wall when it is being cast. For maintaining the fundamental function of the PTC elements, at least one of the lead members embedded in the pipe wall is formed in a tubular shape along which a through hole can be provided for allowing a certain amount of air to flow into said enclosed area.

Abstract: An encapsulated PTC heater for a cold-start carburetor comprises a ceramic PTC wafer having ohmic terminal means on its opposite faces, and a thickened annular rim portion adapted to withstand appreciable clamping forces. The rim has portions of said ohmic terminal means. An annular metal holder assemblage has opposite ring portions overlying said thickened rim portion, and has ring-like contacts engaged with the rim portion to bring current thereto. One of the ring-like contacts is nested in an insulating annulus to isolate it from the remainder of the metal holder assemblage, and has a terminal lug extending through an insulating bushing to the exterior. The other ring-like contact is resilient in nature, and is clamped against the rim portion of the wafer by lugs of an annular metal housing constituting part of the holder assemblage.

Abstract: A downdraught carburettor of the constant pressure type has a mixing chamber 2 with an operator-controlled throttle valve 3 at its downstream end and a choke valve 10, which is operated by a diaphragm box 20 in dependence upon the pressure in the mixing chamber 2, at its upstream end. Fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber from an annular duct 5 through ports 6 to the wall of the mixing chamber down which the fuel flows in the form of a thin film. The film is evaporated to form the mixture by a heating jacket 16 which surrounds the mixing chamber 2 and is heated by engine cooling water or exhaust gases. In order to prevent the film of fuel from being broken up before it has been heated and evaporated, which tends to happen owing to turbulence in the air stream caused by the choke valve 10, an inner tube 11 is provided. The choke valve 10 is situated in the upstream end of the inner tube 11 so that the fuel film is screened by the tube 11 from any turbulence caused by the valve 10.

Abstract: This invention relates to a steam generator for evaporating from a vaporizing portion (17) thereof a liquid (12) sucked up by means of a liquid sucking-up member (10) to provide a steam generator which is capable of vaporizing a liquid efficiently in a short time by application of heat from a heating unit (13) and air fed from a fan (15).

Abstract: An intake heating apparatus of an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow heater vessel which is placed in an intake passage of the engine and which comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe in which said inner pipe is press-fitted, a PTC element holder located between the inner and outer pipes for holding peripherally spaced PTC elements, and an annular elastic electrode located between the PTC elements and the outer pipe. The PTC element holder has holes in which the PTC elements are held. The lower edges of the holes are off-set from the lower end of the elastic electrode.

Abstract: An intake heating apparatus of an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow heater vessel which is placed in an intake passage of the engine and which comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe in which said inner pipe is press-fitted, peripherally spaced PTC elements located between the inner and outer pipes, and an annular elastic electrode located between the PTC elements and the outer pipe. The improvement comprises means for preventing the PTC elements from being broken when and after the inner pipe is press-fitted in the outer pipe.

Abstract: An apparatus for liquid supply in an internal combustion engine having a liquid chamber containing a liquid such as fuel, lubrication oil or the like and located at one side of an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, which liquid chamber is in communication with the intake passage through a delivery passage having a metering throttle interposed therein; and a heating means provided proximately to the throttle portion of the delivery passage.

Abstract: An intake heating device of an engine, comprising a hollow heater vessel placed in the intake passage. The heater vessel comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, and a plurality of PTC elements. The inner pipe and the outer pipe are interconnected to each other in such a way that the upper end and the lower end of the inner pipe are bent outwards and pressed onto the outer wall of the outer pipe.

Abstract: An intake heating device of an engine, comprising a hollow heater vessel placed in the intake passage. The heater vessel comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, and a plurality of PTC elements inserted between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. The outer wall of the inner pipe is surrounded by a belt-like insulating member having a plurality of rectangular holes. The PTC elements are inserted into the rectangular holes and held in a predetermined position by the insulating member.

Abstract: A fuel conservation device for internal combustion engines of vehicles, or the like, comprising a housing interposed between the usual fuel pump and carburetor of the engine, the housing having two compartments, a heating element disposed in one of the compartments, the other of said compartments having an inlet in communication with the fuel pump for receiving raw fuel therefrom and an outlet for discharging vaporized fuel therefrom, a level control device disposed in the second mentioned compartment for controlling the fluid level therein, a secondary carburetor interposed between the housing and the carburetor of the engine and in communication with the outlet of the housing and the throat of the usual carburetor for directing the vaporized fuel into the carburetor for passage therethrough to the engine combustion chamber, the heating element providing heat for the second compartment for vaporization of the fuel therein whereby substantially completely vaporized fuel is delivered to the combustion chamber

Abstract: An electrically heated, hand-held portable facial sauna appliance has a top air inlet, side air inlet, an air flow adjustment arrangement and a fan to mix ambient air with steam generated from a quantity of water contained in an internal steam generating chamber having an associated electric heater and a bottom fill opening such that the appliance must be inverted to fill the chamber with water. A water trap and overflow arrangement in the container ensures that the chamber cannot be overfilled and enables the appliance to be overturned during use without leaking. The appliance is provided with attachments in the form of a facial mask, concentrator tube, brush and sponge, each designed to fit over a steam-air mixture outlet and control the quantity of air entering through the top air inlet.

Abstract: A fuel mixture heating device of an internal combustion engine having a downdraft type carburetor mounted on the collecting portion of the intake manifold. A hollow cylindrical heater vessel is arranged at the lower end of the air horn of the carburetor. The heater vessel comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe and PTC elements inserted between the inner pipe and the outer pipe for heating the inner pipe before the completion of warm-up of the engine. The inner pipe, having an inner diameter which is almost the same as that of the air horn, is arranged to be aligned with the air horn. The outer pipe is made of a heat insulating material.

Abstract: A burner system adapted to vaporize liquid fuel, generally kerosene, and burn gaseous fuel in blue flames includes an evaporator heated by a heater to about 250.degree.-300.degree. C. to vaporize the kerosene. The evaporator is thermally insulated from a premix passage and a burner, to reduce the time required for preheating the evaporator. At the time of ignition, the volume of a portion of primary air supplied to the evaporator is reduced below the corresponding volume supplied in maximum combustion condition and the volume of the kerosene supplied to the evaporator is substantially equal to the corresponding volume supplied in maximum combustion condition. This enables a premix of liquid and air within a combustible limit to be supplied to flame ports even if part of the premixture forms dew in the premix passage, and allows an enriched premixture to flow out of the flame ports at low velocity to facilitate ignition.

Abstract: A fuel mixture heating device of an internal combustion engine having a downdraft type carburetor mounted on the collecting portion of the intake manifold. A hollow cylindrical heater vessel is arranged at the lower end of the air horn of the carburetor. The heater vessel comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe and a PTC elements inserted between the inner pipe and the outer pipe for heating the inner pipe before the completion of warm-up of the engine. The inner pipe, having an inner diameter which is almost the same as that of the air horn, is arranged to be aligned with the air horn.

Abstract: The electrode steam generator includes a cylindrical water tank including mating top and bottom cylinder halves molded from an electrically insulative synthetic plastic material as substantial mirror images of each other so that both can be molded from dies of the same design. The open mating ends of the cylinder halve includes substantially identical, alternating tongue and groove sections which fit together when the halves are brought together. The closed, concave ends of the cylinder halves have a plurality of circumferentially-spaced circular bosses projecting externally and internally at locations corresponding to desired locations of the electrical terminals for the electrodes. The terminal bosses on both cylinder halves are the same, except at least some of the top half includes an electrode terminal integrally molded therein.

Abstract: A suction heating device for an internal combustion engine including a first metal member having a planar portion and a cylindrical portion extending from the flat portion for defining a passage for a fuel-air mixture, and a second metal member having a planar portion and a cylindrical portion extending from the planar portion and arranged outside the cylindrical portion of the first metal member with a predetermined spacing. The two cylindrical portions are joined to each other at the end to provide a casing for mounting therein a ceramic heater of positive temperature coefficient characteristic having a specific Curie point.

Abstract: A container of water is mounted on a motor vehicle and a means for dispensing that water into a passenger compartment of said vehicle is provided. The water will be delivered in the form of vapor. An electrical circuit is formed with a humidity sensing device within the passenger compartment for purposes of actuating the vapor forming and dispensing apparatus. When actuated, water is permitted to flow by gravity from the water container to a heating vessel, where the vapor is formed, from which the vapor may flow through a valved outlet tube to a vehicle heating duct.

Abstract: A carburetor for internal combustion engines having a by-pass port for supplying a pilot fuel to an intake passage includes an electric heater disposed adjacent the by-pass port for heating the latter and a heat-insulating material partially covering the electric heater, whereby the heater is partially exposed from the heat-insulating material to locally heat the by-pass port in a quick and effective manner.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a defined fuel vapor-air mixture for engines with an intake manifold. The apparatus including a float chamber and a vaporizing chamber accommodating a heated vaporizer surface. The intake manifold is provided with a first fixed restrictor or nozzle and a liquid space of the float chamber and a liquid space of the vaporizing chamber are connected with each other by a conduit. A gas space of the float chamber, as seen in a flow direction upstream of the first restrictor or nozzle, and a gas space of the vaporizing chamber as seen in a flow direction downstream of the restrictor or nozzle, are respectively connected to the intake manifold by means of conduits. A conduit from the gas space of the vaporizing chamber into the intake manifold is provided with a second fixed restrictor or nozzle causing a pressure drop of about 85%-99.99% of the first restrictor or nozzle.

Abstract: To start an ethanol fueled engine at low temperatures, a valve directs liquid ethanol from the carburetor accelerator pump to a PTC thermistor grid disposed in the engine induction passage below the throttle. The electric grid evaporates the liquid ethanol to provide sufficient ethanol vapor to start the engine and then is deenergized when the engine has started.

Abstract: A fuel evaporation device for enhancing fuel evaporation in an automotive fuel supply system without excessively interfering with the flow of an air-fuel mixture to an automotive engine is particularly adapted for use where the system has an air-fuel passage directing the air-fuel mixture into an intake manifold and where fuel tends to condense on the walls of the passage during engine start up on cold days.

Abstract: A self-regulating heater for use in an early fuel evaporation system for an automotive engine includes a metallic radiator having a first heat-receiving side and an opposite side for transferring heat to a fuel evaporization zone. Self-regulating ceramic electrical resistance heater elements having a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity(PTC) are disposed with first sides in facing relation with respective recessed first portions of the heat-receiving side of the radiator. A thermally conducting metal heat-transfer member has recessed first portions disposed in facing relation to respective second sides of the heater elements to receive heat second sides of the heater elements to receive heat from the second sides of the heaters and also has second portions disposed in closely-spaced facing relation to corresponding second portions of the heat-receiving side of the radiator, thereby to transfer the heat received from the second heater sides to the radiator.

Abstract: To start an ethanol fueled engine at low temperatures, a pump sprays liquid ethanol into a PTC thermistor grid disposed in a vaporizer. The electric grid evaporates the liquid ethanol to provide sufficient ethanol vapor to start the engine.

Abstract: In a humidifier, an evaporator has a vessel containing two or more spaced vertical electrodes across which a voltage can be applied. The current which flows depends on the cross-section of the immersed portion of the electrodes, the size, shape and spacing of the electrodes, the applied voltage and conductivity and volume of the water. The invention provides a probe for measuring the conductivity of the water in the vessel and replacing some of the water in the vessel with fresh water when necessary to reduce the conductivity to the value for which the evaporator is designed. The probe may be connected directly into the evaporator or it may be connected to a voltage source so that a current dependent on the water conductivity will flow between these electrodes.

Abstract: The process avoids, in a cold period, the formation of ice inside a cooler having lower air inlets and employing atmospheric air and a freezable liquid stream. The process comprises providing the air inlet apertures with vertical metal trellises which extend in a part of the apertures from the top of the latter downwardly. In cold periods, cold water is caused to stream along the trellises so as to form, under controlled conditions, curtains of ice on the trellises which partly close the apertures. When the temperature of the air, and consequently the temperature of the water cooled inside the cooler, resumes a sufficiently high temperature to avoid the formation of ice inside the cooler, the curtains of ice formed on the trellises are melted.

Abstract: An air and fuel mixture heater for disposition between the usual opposing and coaction mounting flange portions of a combustion engine intake manifold and associated carburetor base mounting flange, and which heater basic structure and operation may also be incorporated in the inlet portion of the associated intake manifold, if desired, when carburetor air cleaner-to-hood clearance is minimal. The heater defines a thin hollow housing including a pair of closely spaced, parallel and registered opposite top and bottom side walls having at least generally registered air and fuel mixture openings formed therethrough. The housing also includes peripheral wall portions extending between corresponding peripheral edge portions of the housing side walls and baffle plate is mounted within the housing spaced intermediate and generally paralleling the housing side walls.

Abstract: A constant pressure carburettor comprises a mixing chamber 2 which is surrounded by a heating jacket 12, an operator controlled throttle valve 3 at the downstream end of the chamber 2, a fuel feeder 5, 6 at the upstream end of the mixing chamber and a choke valve 10 at an air inlet to the carburettor. The choke valve 10 is, in use, controlled automatically by the air flow into the carburettor in dependence on the opening of the throttle valve 3 and the speed of the engine to which the carburettor is fitted. The choke valve 10 tends to produce vortices or turbulence in the air flow and this tends to cause the fuel supplied by the feeder 5, 6 to the wall of the chamber 2 to be prematurely removed before it is heated. This adversely affects the vaporization of the fuel and the formation of the air-fuel mixture. To avoid turbulence or vortices in the chamber 2, a stabilization conduit 16 is provided between the choke valve 10 and the fuel feeder 5, 6.

Abstract: A fuel mixture heating device of an internal combustion engine having a downdraft type carburetor mounted on the collecting portion of the intake manifold. A hollow cylindrical body having a radially outwardly extending flange is arranged at the lower end of the air horn of the carburetor. A plurality of PTC elements is arranged to be in contact with the flange of the hollow cylindrical body for heating the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical body.

Abstract: An adjustable idle needle valve assembly for an internal combustion engine carburetor includes an air bleed threaded needle valve mounted on a plug for a tubular metal housing, an insulating fiberglass sleeve in the housing and an electric needle valve heater coil within the insulating sleeve. The heater coil extends between the needle valve mounting plug and an outer air inlet plug for the tubular metal housing. An air-conducting shield tube extends between the plugs for isolating the flow of bleed air from the insulating sleeve, particularly when the outer plug is connected to a liquid vapor trap.

Abstract: A fuel vaporization system for a spark ignition, internal combustion engine in which liquid fuel (e.g., gasoline) is heated to a temperature sufficient for substantially complete vaporization of the liquid fuel prior to its being inducted into the combustion chamber(s) of the engine thereby to result in more efficient combustion of the fuel.

Abstract: A vaporizer chamber includes a coil therein, the coil having extensions extending into the exhaust pipe of the engine, the exhaust gases passing through the coil and heating the interior of the chamber. Fuel is delivered to the vaporizer chamber, and vaporized there when the exhaust gases are heated. A thermostat unit is mounted on the exhaust pipe, and when heated, shifts a valve to direct the fuel to the vaporizer chamber, instead of to the carburetor. This shifting is gradual. A throttle controls the flow of vaporized fuel to the outlet of the carburetor. The usual accelerator pedal is operative for controlling the throttle for the vaporized fuel in unison with the usual throttle provided in the carburetor.

Abstract: A flexible barium titanate ceramic PTC heater for use in, for example, an intake pipe of an internal combustion engine to heat the air-fuel gas mixture is formed as a thin disc-shaped ceramic sheet constituted by a plurality of individual coplanar ceramic segments having interior edges positioned in spaced side-by-side relationship. The juxtaposed edges of the ceramic segments are united to each other by a flexible, heat-resistant, electrically non-conductive rubber band disposed in the space between the segments and bonded thereto by an electrically non-conductive adhesive to form the segments into a thin disc-shaped sheet which can be flexed without causing flexing of any of the individual segments. The ceramic heater is positioned in a metallic casing with one planar face thereof bonded to the inner surface of the casing by an electrically conductive adhesive. A stainless steel wool cushioning member engages the other planar face of the ceramic heater to support the heater in the metallic casing.

Abstract: A fuel mixture heating device of an internal combustion engine having a downdraft type carburetor mounted on the collecting portion of the intake manifold. A hollow cylindrical heater vessel is arranged at the lower end of the air horn of the carburetor. The heater vessel comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe and PTC elements inserted between the inner pipe and the outer pipe for heating the inner pipe before the completion of warm-up of the engine. The inner pipe has a thin wall having a corrugated cross-section. The inner wall of the PTC elements are in contact with the outer wall of the inner pipe. An air gap is present between the outer pipe and the outer walls of the PTC elements. A plurality of plate springs is inserted between the outer pipe and the corresponding PTC elements.

Abstract: A cylindrical cartridge having a housing containing a replinishable water supply is employed as a water supply source for producing an aerosol with an oxygen stream for inhalation therapy to the agency of a nebulizer adapter which couples pressurized oxygen to the cartridge module. The cartridge module is separated in two compartments by means of a metallic disc positioned horizontally in the approximate center thereof and having a tube extending above and below the disc. Water is drawn from the water supply through the tube and into the mixing chamber located above the disc in the cartridge module. The cartridge has a vertical tubular portion with connections to a source of oxygen or air which terminates above the top of the tubing extending through the disc. The aerosol flows out of the cartridge through an outlet nozzle. The cartridge is an elongated housing having a temporary active cylindrical absorption surface means internally above the disc which serves as an evaporating surface.

Abstract: A liquid fuel burner for burning liquid fuel in the form of a gaseous mixture with air. The liquid fuel burner has a porous member provided at least with a fuel receiving section for receiving the liquid fuel supplied to the burner and a fuel evaporation section from which the liquid fuel is evaporated. An air supplying device is provided for forcibly supplying air to the fuel evaporation section. The rate of air supply is varied by means of a damper or like means. Heating means are provided for maintaining the fuel evaporation section at a substantially constant temperature. The rate of burning is varied while maintaining the air-fuel ratio of the mixture substantially constant, because the rate of evaporation of the fuel is almost in proportion to the rate of supply of air to the fuel evaporation section. The heating means facilitates the evaporation of the fuel and permits a rapid rise and stabilization of burning after ignition.

Abstract: A fuel heating apparatus for an internal combustion engine has a tubular extension member extending downwardly from the bottom end of an intake pipe into a mixture distribution chamber defined in an intake manifold beneath the inlet opening thereof connected to the intake pipe. An annular electric heater element is disposed in the mixture distribution chamber in vertical alignment with the tubular extension member so that the part of fuel which flows in liquid phase on the inner peripheral surfaces of the intake pipe and the tubular extension member falls therefrom onto the annular electric heater and heated and vaporized thereby and can be easily mixed with air from the intake pipe.

Abstract: A self-regulating electrically heated positive-temperature-coefficient (hereinafter PTC) carburetor stove for use in the fuel entry system of a gasoline engine is connected through the ignition system directly to the battery for rapidly heating of the stove upon starting of the car. This system comprises a plurality of PTC pills housed in a container with a high thermal conductivity top plate in direct heat transfer relation with the pills. Gasoline droplets are evaporated on this plate during cold start conditions to minimize the need to run a cold engine in the closed choke gasoline rich mode. During heat-up of the engine the PTC pills reach the anomaly temperature and at that point greatly increase their resistance thereby virtually terminating the power requirement of the stove in the heated engine mode.