Abstract: A pre-evaporative system used with an evaporative cooling apparatus is provided. The system may include a pre-evaporative media and a cooling media, each having a fiber pad with an edge coating and a distribution plate. The distribution plate operates to evenly distribute water over the entire surface. The system includes a shield with a mounting plate. The shield with the mounting plate operate to retain the pre-evaporative media and the cooling media adjacent each other; to form a seal with the distribution plate of the pre-evaporative media and with the distribution plate of the cooling media; and to shield a first water distribution pipe and a second water distribution pipe that supply water to the pre-evaporative media and the cooling media.

Abstract: The device for emulsifying a milk-based beverage for coffee machines comprising, operatively associated with one another, a main steam connector (2) for connecting to the coffee machine (3), an intake tube (5) for drawing milk from a milk container (4), a mixing body (6), a steam connector (7) with a reducing hole (8) placed between said mixing body (6) and said main connector (2), a mixing element (9) and a stabilizing element (10) associated with the mixing body (6), the main steam connector (2) comprising a first safety means (11) for the safe connection thereof to said coffee machine and second safety means (12) for the limited rotation of the head of the head (13) of the main connector (2) so as to direct the emulsified beverage into a container (14).

Abstract: A spray dryer absorber operative for removing gaseous pollutants from a hot process flue gas and a vibrator device for removing accumulated deposits therefrom is provided. The spray dryer absorber includes a spray dryer chamber equipped with a plurality of dispersers and atomizers mounted at a roof of the spray dryer chamber. The vibrator device is operative to remove accumulated deposits from the spray dryer absorber and its components, such as its dispersers and atomizers, to avoid spray dryer absorber performance interference caused by such deposit accumulations.

Abstract: A self-cleaning milk foaming device includes a mixing unit, a steam jet unit and a control unit. The mixing unit has a mixing chamber, and a milk inlet passage, a cleaner inlet passage and a foaming gas inlet passage communicated with the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber has a milk outlet nozzle, an upstream section, and a downstream section disposed between the upstream section and the milk outlet nozzle. The milk inlet passage is situated between the cleaner inlet passage and the milk outlet nozzle. The foaming gas inlet passage is disposed upstream of the milk inlet passage. The steam jet unit is for supplying steam into the mixing chamber. The control unit is for controlling the cleaner to flow or to stop flowing into the cleaner inlet passage.

Abstract: A gas and a liquid are contacted in an apparatus, comprising a housing provided with: a liquid supply; at least two inclined plates that have been arranged in series and that are on a liquid side in fluid communication with the liquid supply; and a gas supply that is in fluid communication with a space at the other, gas side of the plates; wherein at least some of the plates, preferably all plates are provided with gas passage openings, which openings have been arranged downstream of the gas supply and have been provided with projecting channels with downstream directed flow openings on the liquid side that is in contact with the liquid; and wherein the plates are configured such that liquid flows from one plate directly onto a downstream plate via a slit-formed passage in a substantially vertical downwards direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milk-frothing apparatus, in particular for a coffee or espresso machine, comprising a froth-generating unit (22) which is in the form of a disposable part, which is easy to replace, and has a mixing chamber (40), an outlet (39), which leads to the outside from the mixing chamber (40), for the generated milk froth, and first means (42) through which the froth-generating unit (22) is supplied with steam and air (53), and also second means (43) through which the froth-generating unit (22) is supplied with milk, wherein the froth-generating unit (22) can be connected to a holding means (30) in a detachable manner.

Abstract: A hollow fiber device includes a hollow fiber bundle, comprising a plurality of hollow fibers, a first tubesheet and a second tubesheet encapsulating respective distal ends of the hollow fiber bundle. The tubesheets have boreholes in fluid communication with bores of the hollow fibers. In at least one of the tubesheets, the boreholes are formed radially. The hollow fiber device can be utilized in heat exchange, in gas/gas, liquid/liquid and gas/liquid heat transfer, in combined heat and mass transfer and in fluid separation assemblies and processes. The design disclosed herein is light weight and compact and is particularly advantageous when the pressure of a first fluid introduced into the bores of hollow fibers is higher than the pressure on the shell side of the device.

Abstract: A drive system for driving a fan in a wet cooling tower, wherein the fan has a fan hub and fan blades attached to the fan hub. The drive system has a high-torque, low speed permanent magnet motor having a motor casing, a stator and a rotatable shaft, wherein the rotatable shaft is configured for connection to the fan hub. The drive system includes a variable frequency drive device to generate electrical signals that effect rotation of the rotatable shaft of the motor in order to rotate the fan.

Abstract: An adiabatic cooling unit (20) comprising a fluid conduit (26), a cooling cell (28), and a building-cooling unit heat exchanger (30) is provided. A cooling fluid (24) flows from the building-cooling unit heat exchanger (30) to the cooling cell (28) and returns to the building-cooling unit heat exchanger (30) through the fluid conduit (26). The cooling cell (28) transfers latent heat from the cooling fluid (24) to the air (22) flowing through the adiabatic cooler unit (20). The building-cooling unit heat exchanger (30) is a heat exchanger permitting the transfer of heat from a fluid (34) flowing through a building (36) and the cooling fluid (24). Additional heat exchangers (46) may be used between the cooling cell (28) and the building-cooling unit heat exchanger (30) to further cool the cooling fluid (24) prior to the cooling fluid (24) reducing the temperature of the fluid (34) flowing through the building (36).

Abstract: An air-conditioning system includes: a first duct through which air discharged from an electronic instrument passes; a water vapor retention chamber; an evaporator configured to be heated by the air passing through the first duct and thereby to generate water vapor inside the water vapor retention chamber; a desiccant rotor including an adsorbent to adsorb moisture and configured to be driven and rotated by a driving unit; a humidification chamber; a second duct configured to feed outdoor air introduced from an outdoor space into the humidification chamber; and a third duct configured to feed the air passing through the humidification chamber into a room where the electronic instrument is installed, wherein a portion of the desiccant rotor is located inside the water vapor retention chamber, and another portion of the desiccant rotor is located inside the humidification chamber.

Abstract: There is disclosed a desalinization apparatus, and methods related to desalinization. In an embodiment, a desalinization apparatus includes at least one port for receiving airflow therethrough, at least one port for receiving salt water therethrough, at least one output for providing outflow of pure water vapor, and at least one output for proving outflow of a mixture of water, salt and air; and a plurality of chambers for evaporating the salt water into the airflow, at least one of the chambers forming a plurality of ports arranged in a plurality of rows. In an embodiment, a method includes providing airflow to a desalinization apparatus; providing salt water to the desalinization apparatus; forming a vortex in the airflow to evaporate water vapor from the salt water; and providing the water vapor in the airflow to a condenser so as to obtain pure water.

Abstract: In a bubble-column vapor mixture condenser, a fluid source supplies a carrier-gas stream including a condensable fluid in vapor phase. The condensable fluid in liquid form is contained as a bath in a chamber in each stage of the condenser, and the carrier gas is bubbled through the bath to condense the fluid into the bath. The bubble-column vapor mixture condenser can be used, e.g., in a humidification-dehumidification system for purifying a liquid, such as water.

Abstract: A hollow fiber device includes a hollow fiber bundle, comprising a plurality of hollow fibers, a first tubesheet and a second tubesheet encapsulating respective distal ends of the hollow fiber bundle. The tubesheets have boreholes in fluid communication with bores of the hollow fibers. In at least one of the tubesheets, the boreholes are formed radially. The hollow fiber device can be utilized in heat exchange, in gas/gas, liquid/liquid and gas/liquid heat transfer, in combined heat and mass transfer and in fluid separation assemblies and processes. The design disclosed herein is light weight and compact and is particularly advantageous when the pressure of a first fluid introduced into the bores of hollow fibers is higher than the pressure on the shell side of the device.

Abstract: A grid of pipes for conducting steam at a pressure greater than a vessels' operating pressure and delivering the steam throughout the grid forms the internals for a tailings solvent recovery unit. The delivery of steam throughout the grid aids in maintaining a relatively low partial pressure throughout the vessel to act as a driver for mass transfer. Conducting the steam at the higher pressure through the pipes in the grid permits a surface of the pipes to be heated to a temperature higher than possible in a conventional vessel, increasing the heat transfer to the feed stream which flows through the grid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for introducing gas into a liquid is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a conduit (20); a fluid directing formation (10) arranged within said conduit and defining a plurality of discrete channels within said conduit, said channels being isolated from each other in a direction perpendicular to a direction of fluid flow through said channels, each channel providing a flow accelerating constriction to said fluid flow such that fluid flowing in each of said channels is caused to accelerate as it flows through said flow accelerating constrictions; wherein at least some of said channels comprise orifices within said flow accelerating constrictions, said orifices being in fluid communication with a gas source, such that said gas is drawn through said orifices to be entrained in said fluid flow by virtue of a reduced pressure in said channels caused by said fluid flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a measurement device with which it is possible to quickly measure the carbon dioxide content of an absorbent solution circulating through a carbon dioxide recovery system.

Abstract: A tower/frame structure of interconnected columns and beams (which may be used in a cooling tower) and novel columns, beams, connection mechanisms and other components are provided. In one embodiment, a column and a beam are constructed of pultruded composite fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) materials. The beam includes two sidewall extensions or flanges (each having one or more attachment apertures) at one end and which are integral with the beam for connection to the column (having one or more corresponding attachment apertures). The dimension/spacing between the inner walls of the two flanges substantially equals or is slightly larger than the outer dimension of the column. The attachment holes are aligned and a fastener is inserted through the extensions and column for attaching the column and beam. The C-shaped end of the beam substantially conforms to the cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the column.

Abstract: Circulating air is cooled by heat exchange with adiabatically cooled process air. To this end, a first heat exchanging device is fed with circulating air and the process air. The heat exchanging device contains a humidifying device used to spray water into the process air. In this way, the process air is adiabatically cooled and the corresponding cooling is carried out by heat exchange with the circulating air. Before entering the first heat exchanging device and before leaving same, the process air is guided through a second heat exchanging device in which the cooled process air first extracts heat from the uncooled process air. This increases the cooling performance of the device.

Abstract: A ventilation device and a controlling method of the same are provided. The ventilation device may include a humidifier having improved humidification efficiency and improved durability.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizer including a mist vaporizer and a boiler, the boiler being integrated with the mist vaporizer, the mist vaporizer and the boiler including a housing, baffles joined to the housing, conduit extending through the baffles, fuel in a mist form adjacent the conduit and a pool of fuel contained between the housing and baffles.

Abstract: An external gas humidifier for fuel cell transfers recycled high-temperature waste heat produced by the fuel cell to a reactant gas, such as hydrogen or air, which is guided into the external gas humidifier. The heated reactant gas is treated in the external gas humidifier to effectively increase the moisture content of the reactant gas within a shortened time. When the humidified reactant gas enters into the fuel cell, it enables a polymeric membrane in the fuel cell to be well humidified to thereby enhance the power generation efficiency and service life of the fuel cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hybrid cooling tower and a method and system for using the cooling tower. The cooling tower is design to reduce water consumption and eliminate plume formation. The cooling tower comprises a wet section having a plurality of wet section fans and a dry section having a plurality of dry section fans. The wet section fans are adjustable to operate at an increased rate and a reduced rate, depending upon ambient conditions surrounding the cooling tower. The wet section may comprise at least one shutter door. In operation, typically the wet section fans operate at the increased rate during a summer peak price period and at the reduced rate during a winter peak price period and an offpeak price period. Typically, the dry section fans operate at the increased rate all year. This method allows for less evaporative cooling and more latent cooling thereby reducing water consumption.

Abstract: Circulating air is cooled by heat exchange with adiabatically cooled process air. To this end, a first heat exchanging device is fed with circulating air and the process air. The heat exchanging device contains a humidifying device used to spray water into the process air. In this way, the process air is adiabatically cooled and the corresponding cooling is carried out by heat exchange with the circulating air. Before entering the first heat exchanging device and before leaving same, the process air is guided through a second heat exchanging device in which the cooled process air first extracts heat from the uncooled process air. This increases the cooling performance of the device.

Abstract: A membrane cartridge is manufactured by repeatedly folding and joining two strips of membrane to form a cross-pleated cartridge with a stack of openings or fluid passageways configured in an alternating cross-flow arrangement. The cartridge can be modified for other flow configurations including co-flow and counter-flow arrangements. Methods for manufacturing such cross-pleated membrane cartridges, as well as apparatus used in the manufacturing process are described. Cross-pleated membrane cartridges comprising water-permeable membranes can be used in a variety of applications, including in heat and water vapor exchangers. In particular they can be incorporated into energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) for exchanging heat and water vapor between air streams being directed into and out of buildings.

Abstract: This device is a water adiabatic evaporative cooler of two separated air flows contained in a cylindrical body, there is the humid peripheral flow which comprises the components of the water evaporation system, the other is the central flow designated as the ambient dry flow where the air current produces the cooling effect. The two air flows are generated by a single axial air blower, the central zone of the air blower drives the atmospheric air through a central concentric body containing an air to water heat exchanger, this is the air to be directed to the controlled ambient, while the peripheral part of the single axial blower drives the air through an external annular adiabatic evaporation chamber, from here the cool condensed moisture goes to the heat exchanger while residual humid air is evacuated to the external atmosphere.

Abstract: A sheet for use in a heat exchange apparatus. The sheet includes a first vertical rib that extends in a first direction generally parallel to the vertical axis of the heat exchange apparatus, wherein said first vertical rib protrudes in a second direction out of the plane. The sheet also includes a second vertical rib that extends in the first direction along the sheet, substantially all the way between the first and second edges of the sheet generally parallel to the first vertical rib. The second vertical rib also protrudes in the second direction out of the plane. The sheet further includes a first horizontal rib that extends in a third direction along the sheet substantially all the way between the third and fourth edges of the sheet, wherein the first horizontal rib protrudes in a fourth direction opposite said second direction.

Abstract: A cooling tower having a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes at least one heat exchanger pack having a generally diamond shape. The heat exchanger pack includes a first set of passageways for receiving a stream of warm, water laden air and a second set of passageways for receiving ambient air. The first set of passageways and second set of passageways are separate. Cooling tower configurations including the heat exchanger pack are disclosed for achieving effluent plume abatement, and capture of a portion of the effluent for replacement back into the cooling tower reservoir or as a source of purified water.

Abstract: Heat exchanger packs having a first set of passageways for receiving a stream of ambient air and a second set of passageways for receiving a stream of warm water laden air is disclosed. The first set of passageways and second set of passageways being separate and permitting the warm water laden air stream to be cooled by the stream of ambient air so that water can condense out of the warm water laden air stream. Cooling tower configurations including the heat exchanger pack are disclosed for achieving effluent plume abatement, and capture of a portion of the effluent for replacement back into the cooling tower reservoir or as a source of purified water.

Abstract: Heat exchanger packs having a first set of passageways for receiving a stream of ambient air and a second set of passageways for receiving a stream of warm water laden air is disclosed. The first set of passageways and second set of passageways being separate and permitting the warm water laden air stream to be cooled by the stream of ambient air so that water can condense out of the warm water laden air stream. Cooling tower configurations including the heat exchanger pack are disclosed for achieving effluent plume abatement, and capture of a portion of the effluent for replacement back into the cooling tower reservoir or as a source of purified water.

Abstract: A wastewater aerating system that conditions air inlet to a blower of the system to adjust the condition of air discharged into the wastewater so as to increase the flocculation rate of suspended solids from the wastewater. The wastewater aeration system includes a conduit having an outlet submerged within a bath of wastewater to be treated, an air duct inlet in flow communication with a source of ambient air, a blower operable to cause air to pass through the air duct and through the conduit to be output through the conduit outlet into the bath of wastewater, and at least one heat exchanger installed in the air duct and adapted to condition, such as condense its vapor and sensibly cool, the air passing through the air duct. A method of treating a bath of wastewater is also disclosed.

Abstract: The plume abated cooling tower having a heat exchanger in which an aqueous fluid is cooled by an air flow. The heat exchanger has first channels in which air and fluid counterflow, second channels in which air flows, and a means for avoiding the passage of fluid into said second channels, said second channels having a heat conductive surface contacting a plurality of first channels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooking a starch solution and then dispensing that cooked starch solution to a commercial laundry washer provides a vessel with an interior surrounded by a wall for holding a volume of liquid, a water supply inlet for supplying water to the vessel interior, an opening for adding dry starch to the vessel interior, and a steam supply inlet for adding steam to the vessel interior so that the volume of liquid within the vessel can be heated. A level controller controls the level of fluid within the vessel in between the minimum and maximum levels. A recirculation flow line has an inlet and outlet that each communicate with the vessel interior. A gear pump mounted in the recirculation flow line pumps fluid from the inlet to the outlet in a recirculating fashion, the pump having a geared portion that breaks up starch lumps flowing in the recirculation flow line.

Abstract: The process uses a supply column and additional heat exchangers associated with absorption columns. Air and methanol from outside and a subcurrent of methanol, originating from a cold methanol current exiting from the supply column, are fed to the supply column. This exiting current recirculates through the additional heat exchangers and is divided into the subcurrent which returns to the supply column and another subcurrent which is fed to an evaporator. A methanol-air mixture exits from the head of the supply column and is fed to an evaporator. The cold methanol is cooled in the supply column by evaporation of the methanol forming part of the methanol-air mixture.

Abstract: A gas injection and heating device and method for the bubbling of a gas into a body of hot liquid to be interacted with the gas. The device comprises an elongate heat exchange gas container, designed to be immersed in the hot liquid to pre-heat the gas in situ by heat exchange with the liquid. Cold gas is supplied to the elongate gas container, circulated therethrough to become heated to the liquid temperature, and then released from a nozzle into the depth of the liquid in the form of small bubbles of hot gas having a large liquid interfacial mass transfer area.

Abstract: A solar dehumidifier which utilizes solar energy to evaporate the moisture in air absorbed by the liquid desiccant and then to make said liquid desiccant denser for reuse. In other words, the humid air is dried in order to be used in a specific area. In particular, the solar dehumidifier according to the present invention is provided with a heat-pipe heat exchanger to increase the evaporation rate of the moisture absorbed by the liquid desiccant.

Abstract: A heat exchange process and apparatus for supplying cool air or cool water to a location by cooling a recirculating working fluid utilized in the heat exchange process wherein a primary air stream or second working fluid is cooled by indirect heat exchange with the working fluid and wherein the working fluid is initially evaporatively cooled by heat exchange with a first waste air stream and subsequently divided into separate circulating circuits with a first portion of the working fluid further evaporatively cooled by a second waste air stream which has been indirectly cooled by indirect heat exchange with a second portion of the working fluid prior to the first portion of the working fluid being utilized indirectly to cool the primary air stream or a second working fluid.

Abstract: A wet atmospheric cooling tower has a vertical chimney defining an air path from air inlet openings at the lower end thereof for admitting atmospheric air to an exhaust opening at the upper end thereof, a stationary packing extending circumferentially without any gap across the air path, and a distributor for spraying water to be cooled onto the packing from above. Water is cooled down by air while it flows down across the packing. For dry air-water heat exchange air ducts extend through the packing and open into the air path in a zone which is downstream of the packing. The heat exchanger includes a two dimensional network of passages arranged to receive atmospheric air only and distributed according to a two dimensional network.

Abstract: An apparatus for neutralizing acidic or acid-containing pollutants in furnace flue gases comprising a flue gas duct having an inner pipe suspended therein and arranged so that the flue gases can flow both inside and outside the pipe. Preferably, the gases flow upwards around the outside of the pipe to an outlet zone. Atomizers project into the inner pipe for spraying an extremely fine suspension of a neutralizing agent in water into the flue gases flowing through the pipe. The inner pipe is formed from a plurality of longitudinal strips which are separate from each other and are suspended from their upper ends. Vibrating apparatus is provided for periodically vibrating the strips to dislodge deposits of neutralizing agent and fly ash on the inside of the pipe, thereby preventing the build-up of a permanent coating.

Abstract: Apparatus for heating a flowable mixture of particulate coal and a liquid hydrocarbon stream at high pressure by heat exchange with reaction products of a coal hydrogenation and liquefaction process which are obtained in the gaseous phase under reaction conditions, comprising direct heat exchange means and indirect heat exchange means combined into a single structural unit, and being devoid of liquid spray means, said single structural unit containing an upper zone separated from a lower zone and being housed in a pressure vessel, and further comprising feed means for viscous material connected to the bottom part of the housing, said indirect heat-exchange means being equipped with a feed means and a discharge means for a heat exchange fluid, said direct heat-exchange means arranged above said direct heat exchange means and being provided with discharge means for heated viscous material, feed means for heat exchange fluid for said direct heat exchange, and discharge means for the latter heat exchange fluid co

Abstract: A counterflow cooling tower includes a casing having cooling air inlet openings formed at its lower end and cooling air outlet openings formed at its upper end, a contact body positioned in the casing and formed from a plurality of contact layers arranged in banks and defining a plurality of water and air flow channels therebetween providing communication between the air inlet and outlet openings, a water distribution installation positioned above the contact body for supplying warm water to be cooled to the channels, channel caps on top of only some of the channels fitted geometrically to adjacent contact layers and covering some of the channels against water from the water distribution installation, and an air supply installation for supplying cooling air from the air inlet openings through substantially all of the channels to the air outlet openings, whereby the temperature and moisture-content of air supplied to the channels to which warm water is supplied are increased while the temperature of air suppli

Abstract: An absorber intercooler having a heat exchanger formed integrally therein. The absorber intercooler includes a cylindrical outer casing having a tube bundle disposed longitudinally therein. Inlet and outlet ports are provided in the cylindrical casing to allow for the flow of refrigerant around the tube bundle. Upper and lower end plates, having a plurality of openings therein, seal the upper and lower ends of the bundle. A liquid inlet pipe provides a flow of liquid absorbent through the upper end plate into the tube bundle. A vapor inlet pipe provides a flow of vapor into the bottom of the intercooler, and the vapor flows through a central opening in the lower end plate into a centrally disposed vapor flow pipe. The vapor flows upwardly therein through the upper end plate. A cap is provided on the upper end of the vapor flow pipe to prevent liquid absorbent from flowing down into the pipe, and also provides for an even radial distribution of the vapors at the cap.

Abstract: In an evaporation type air cooler, the improvement comprising a heat exchanger wherein circulating liquid is cooled by the evaporatively cooled air and subsequently used to air condition occupant space without humidity increase, and associated air ducting and flow controls. The improvement is also adapted to be used as a space heater utilizing hot water in the heat exchanger, and to utilize hot attic or external air to aid in heating water for occupant use.

Abstract: A wet/dry cooling tower wherein a liquid to-be-cooled is flowed along channels of a corrugated open surface or the like, which surface is swept by cooling air. The amount of the surface covered by the liquid is kept small compared to the dry part thereof so that said dry part acts as a fin for the wet part for heat dissipation.

Abstract: A water cooling tower and method which provides for both wet and dry cooling within the same vertical space and significantly reduces the discharge of water particles out of the tower. Water is deposited on one side of each of a plurality of trickler plates and flows downwardly under the influence of gravity substantially undisturbed as a low speed film. Air flows at low speed by natural draught in a substantially undisturbed path on the other side of each of the plates. Important dimensional ratios and construction details are disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for treatment of exhaust gas from internal combustion engines, for use in underground mine workings, comprises an exhaust pipe with a water jacket, and a conditioner chamber retaining a bath of water through which the exhaust gas flows in passing through the inlet to the outlet of the chamber, the chamber further including means for condensing water vaporized from the bath by passage of exhaust gas therethrough and for discharging such condensed water back to the bath. The apparatus may include a heat exchanger upstream of the conditioner chamber and containing a system of plates or webs which sub-divide the gas flow path through the heat exchanger into passageways, the plates or webs being connected to the inner wall of a water jacketed casing of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A process is provided for removing pollutants from flue gases generated in a steam generating power plant. The flue gases are partially cooled and directly contacted with a portion of the cooling water of a circulating cooling water system used to remove waste heat of the generated steam in a waste heat condenser. The pollutants are thereby washed out of the flue gases into the cooling water and thereafter removed from the cooling water. The heat exchange of the cooling water and the flue gases can take place in a cooling tower, wherein ambient cooling air is drawn in to cool the circulating cooling water. The flue gases can also be further cooled prior to the direct washing thereof by indirect heat exchange in the cooling tower with said upwardly moving cooling air and washed flue gases.

Abstract: Liquid used in a liquid-heating machine such as a turbine condenser is continuously circulated in an endless fluid flow path which passes through the machine and which is subdivided at a location spaced from the machine into a pair of parallel branches. A closed dry-type heat exchanger is provided in one branch and a wet-type evaporative cooler is provided in the other branch. A fan or the like is operated to form a pair of parallel streams of air one of which is passed over the closed heat exchanger for cooling the liquid purely by conduction, and the other stream is passed directly over the liquid in the evaporative cooler so as to cool it largely evaporatively. The heated air coming off the dry-type heat exchanger is mixed with the heated humid air coming off the wet-type evaporative cooler and liberated to the atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for preventing formation of mist by the discharge of moistened air from an evaporative cooler, primarily a cooling tower of the multi-layer type, comprising a contact body composed of a plurality of layers forming between themselves gaps passed by water to be cooled and atmospheric air which is moistened and heated by contact with the water in counter-current or cross-current flow. Under certain conditions as when the temperature of the atmospheric air is so low, when the moistened and heated air is discharged to the atmosphere and cooled to the low temperature of the latter, the moisture contained in the discharged air will be condensed and precipitated in the form of mist to the extent it exceeds the saturation point of the air. Such precipitation can be avoided by mixing the moistened air prior to its escape into the atmosphere with preheated dry air.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing from a supply of liquid fuel fluid a gaseous fuel fluid having a preselected calorific value. The apparatus includes means for vaporizing the liquid fuel fluid into air compressed by a compressor having a closed loop coolant system. A portion of the gaseous fuel fluid delivered from the apparatus is provided as a result of a heat exchange between a portion of the liquid fuel fluid and a coolant fluid utilized for cooling the air compressor. An adjustment means is provided for adjusting the preselected calorific value of the output gaseous fuel fluid as desired. In one form, a cascaded arrangement of means for flashing liquid fuel fluid and providing heat exchange therefrom is utilized to provide the desired gaseous fuel fluid.

Abstract: An improved gas scrubber is provided which is particularly suited for cleaning and cooling the exhaust gases from a diesel powered mine vehicle. The invention is embodied in apparatus including an enclosure which is partially filled with a liquid such as water. An inlet for the exhaust gases is located above the liquid level, as is also an outlet for the cleaned gases to escape. A tube connected to the inlet extends downwardly to below the water level, then changes direction and extends upwardly with constantly increasing cross section and with at least some portion of it in curvature to an open end interiorly of the enclosure and above the liquid level. One or more orifices in the submerged portion of the tube admit water droplets which are sucked into and turbulently mixed with the high velocity gases in proportion to the amount of combustion exhaust from the engine.