Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for producing a proppant carrying foamed fracturing fluid or the like having very high ratios of proppant material to the liquid phase of the foam, which can be substantially higher than even the theoretical maximum ratio available when the proppant is introduced into a foaming apparatus as a proppant/liquid slurry. This is accomplished by a dry sand foam generation process wherein the sand or other particulate material is introduced into a foam generator apparatus as a dry particulate material in a stream of gas which is subsequently mixed with a second liquid stream.

Abstract: Polymer materials having viscosities ranging from about 50,000 up to above 1,000,000 centipoises are mixed with a gaseous foaming agent to provide a polymer/gas solution under pressure such that when the polymer/gas solution is subsequently dispensed at atmospheric pressure the gas is released from the solution and becomes entrapped in the polymeric material to form a homogeneous polymer foam. Mixing is accomplished by force feeding the gas and polymeric material into and through a low energy input disk mixer with a low pressure drop across the mixer such that premature foaming or reaction of the polymeric material is avoided. The disk mixer includes a tubular housing, one or more driven shafts extending along the length of the housing, and a series of disks spaced along the shafts. The foaming gas enters into solution in the polymer in the compartments between the rotating disks.

Abstract: A vehicle carried system for camouflage with foam includes a plant for generating water-based foam. The foam generating plant includes a reservoir for foaming liquid or a water tank with a reservoir for a foaming agent, which are connected to produce foaming liquid. The foaming liquid is pumped, or delivered in another way, under pressure to the foam generator for generating camouflage to be applied to the ground or to be filled into containers. Containers and free foam are preferably colored to give the protected object a good visual camouflage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating foam in a well bore, the apparatus being a foam generator comprising a tubular body having a plurality of apertures circumferentially spaced about the wall thereof, the tubular body containing a choke therein disposed above said apertures as the foam generator is positioned in the well bore. The foam generator is located in a tubing string in the well bore, preferably with at least one stand of tubing between it and the area of the well bore to be treated with the foam. The liquid component of the foam, which may or may not carry solid particles such as fracturing proppants, is pumped down the well bore annulus, while the gaseous component of the foam is introduced through the tubing string.

Abstract: A styling mousse generator adapted to foam a liquid and deliver foamed styling mousse for use in hair treatment and the like having a liquid reservoir in its lower portion, means for filling the reservoir, a fan and motor above the reservoir, a fan inlet and a fan outlet, a foam delivery tube leading from the reservoir to the fan inlet, a liquid inlet duct (coming from the reservoir) and an air inlet duct (coming from a location higher than the reservoir liquid level) at an acute angle to each other (to create a Bernoulli type effect) and leading to the foam delivery tube, and a passageway leading from the fan outlet to a foam outlet. The passageway may be serpentine or include frictional, agitating means to warm the foam.

Abstract: In a method for regulating the foam density in products foamed from liquid and a gas additive the density of the foam and the excess pressure are simultaneously measured in the conveyor line of the foam, correlated in an evaluation circuit and the free foam density, that is, the density of the released foam under atmospheric pressure, is calculated therefrom. This calculated value is compared with a set value of the free foam density and in the case of deviations the ratio of the amounts of liquid and gas conveyed is varied.This method makes it possible for the relative fluctuation in density of the released foam to be reduced to values on the order of 1%.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly adapted with an adhesive spray gun for forming a liquid adhesive/gas solution into a foam includes a nozzle formed with a chamber having a rearward end and a forward discharge orifice which is maintained at a pressure less than that required to maintain the gas in solution in the liquid. A turbulence plate having a front surface formed with a notch is mounted to the spray gun such that the notch extends within the rearward end of the chamber. The notch is formed with at least two input ends and a turbulence zone therebetween. The liquid/gas solution is conveyed to each input end of the notch where a separate stream of solution is formed. The streams move along the notch from each input end toward the turbulence zone of the notch where they impact one another within the chamber.

Abstract: A foam generating nozzle is provided for converting a liquid containing a gas maintained under pressure in solution in the liquid, to a foam for application to a substrate. Complete foaming of the solution is accomplished prior to discharge from the nozzle. This assures in some applications complete atomization before contact with the substance to be coated.

Abstract: A hand-held apparatus for spraying foam comprises (a) a manually-operated dispensing pump capable of receiving a foamable liquid from a suitable container and ejecting it into the atmosphere through an atomizing nozzle, thereby forming a spray from such liquid and projecting it outwardly from the nozzle in a predetermined spray pattern, and (b) foam-forming device including an air inlet and a screen retained in the path of the spray. The screen can be retained in a foam-forming position by suitable means such as a housing operatively associated with the dispensing pump. Substantially all the spray passes through the foam-forming device without contact except by the screen, thereby generating foam with little modification of the predetermined spray pattern.

Abstract: A foam generator conventionally consisting of a hollow stator (1) with a coaxial internal rotor (2) together forming an annular mixing chamber. Both stator and rotor are being provided with alternative rings of polygonal pins (4, 3) reaching within the mixing chamber, each pin having at least two ribs 11 creating a vortex trail during generation. The rate of occupancy of the pins (4, 3) is such that within a cross-sectional range for the mixing chamber between 40-90 cm.sup.2, the quotient: ##EQU1## amounts at least to 1.5 and is preferably between 2.4 and 3.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for enhancing the quality of a foam, such as may be employed in industrial cleaning operations, petroleum well servicing operations, and the like. Foam from a foam generator is introduced into a foam separator comprising a pressure vessel, preferably having an apertured horizontal separator plate therein, a discharge line at the top thereof, and a drain line at the bottom thereof. As foam enters the separator, the foam will pass upward through the apertured separator plate, any liquid remaining below. The liquid then enters the drain line and is reinjected into the liquid line feeding the foam generator, preferably by use of an eductor. The foam is removed from the separator through the discharge line, and put to its intended use.

Abstract: An improved riot and crowd control interdiction method involves forming, in a defined location, a foam barrier which effectively inhibits passage through the barrier. Other anti-personnel devices may be placed and obscured by the foam barrier. Various barriers and methods to form a contained interdiction foam barrier are disclosed.

Abstract: A foam generating and distributing manifold device for generating and transporting foam cleansing and sanitizing agents having a manifold chamber with a centrally disposing frothing tube to generate foam which migrates upwardly within the chamber to a plurality of annularly disposed egress ports through which foam is distributed to a series of substantially equidistant supply conduits thereafter migrating to a distribution manifold which distributes the foam evenly upon, for example, conveyor belts used in food processing or the like.

Abstract: A process for producing in situ foams based on alkali metal silicates characterized in that an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution on the one hand and a hardener solution on the other hand are accomodated in separate pressurized containers A and B, prior to use the hardener solution in container B is added to and mixed with the silicate solution in container A in the presence of a suitable emulsifier for foam formation and a propellent gas liquid under high pressure between 0.degree. and 50.degree. C., and, on actuation of the discharge valve of container A, an alkali metal silicate foam is discharged. The alkali metal silicate foams formed are distinguished by non-inflammability, high temperature stability and good heat-insulating properties and are used as a filling, construction and insulating material or the like in the building industry.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stripping tower adapted to remove unreacted vinyl chloride from a suspension or emulsion of a vinyl chloride resin after its polymerization reaction. The tower is a packed tower filled with a packing such as Tellerette packing. A condenser is provided in direct attachment to a top portion of the packed tower so that steam, which is discharged together with stripped monomeric vinyl chloride gas, is condensed in the condenser, separated from the monomeric vinyl chloride gas and then recirculated to the packed tower. Use of a packed tower as a stripping tower and steam as a stripping medium enjoys good removal efficiency of monomeric vinyl chloride but is accompanied by occurrence of a large volume of foams of a polyvinyl chloride slurry in the tower. Foams of the slurry eventually overflow from the top of the tower and do not permit any further continuation of the operation.

Abstract: A foam generating apparatus includes a manifold defined by a rectangular metal block, into which a liquid and surfactant is introduced under very high pressure via a first longitudinally extending passage, and air is introduced via a second longitudinally extending passage parallel to the first passage. The liquid passes through restricted orifices into the narrow ends of a plurality of venturi outlet passages, which are perpendicular to the liquid inlet passage. The velocity of the liquid/surfactant mixture exiting the restricted orifices is maintained sufficiently high to cause flashing to take place to initiate foam generation. Air is injected into the venturi through small diameter ports extending from the second inlet passage to the venturi. The foam and liquid/gas mixture is discharged from the venturis through fittings which may contain vaned inserts for promoting turbulence and thus foaming. Foam production continues in the foam carrying lines downstream of the discharge bushings.

Abstract: A hand-held apparatus for spraying foam comprises (a) a manually-operated dispensing pump capable of receiving a foamable liquid from a suitable container and ejecting it into the atmosphere through an atomizing nozzle, thereby forming a spray from such liquid and projecting it outwardly from the nozzle in a predetermined spray pattern, and (b) foam-forming device including an air inlet and a screen retained in the path of the spray. The screen can be retained in a foam-forming position by suitable means such as a housing operatively associated with the dispensing pump. Substantially all the spray passes through the foam-forming device without contact except by the screen, thereby generating foam with little modification of the predetermined spray pattern.

Abstract: Use of fatty amines of general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 may be a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl radical, saturated and containing 4 to 18 atoms of carbon and wherein R.sub.2 is a straight or branched alkyl radical, saturated and containing 4 to 18 atoms of carbon, together with surface agents, to obtain foaming mixtures leading to improved foams.2 to 50% amines are added, with respect to the weight of the surface agents.Application in the field of fire extinguishing foams, drilling, and in the production of lightweight products.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with an apparatus for concentrating a proppant fluid slurry. The concentration is carried out in a casing containing an axial elongated screen. Stationary angled vanes direct the slurry in a helical path in the space between the casing and the elongated tubular screen to avoid the problems of rotating members. The concentrating zone thus provided communicates with a mixing zone where baffles provide restricted flow between the edges of the baffles and the interior of the casing to give a mixing action, disperse slugs of slurry, and to avoid back flow of gas. The baffles are advantageously of resilient material. The mixing zone then leads to a foaming zone, followed by the outlet. It is advantageous to have inlet, concentrating zone, mixing zone, foaming zone and outlet for the foamed slurry in axial alignment and without interruptions so as to give a straight through flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming pre-froth plastics foam which comprises the steps of mixing the plastics components with a volatile liquid under pressure, causing the mixture to flow to a point of use, and maintaining a series of controlled pressure drops by means of present automatic valves or by passive means such as orifice plates. Typical foams are polyurethane and phenolic.

Abstract: Described herein is an apparatus for producing a mixture of chemical components which comprises an elongated housing containing (a) a tube extending therethrough having at least one inlet means for supplying at least one component into said tube whereby said components flow from said inlet means to outlet means at the other end of said tube; (b) inlet means for supplying at least one component either reactive with one or more components of (a) or catalyzing the reaction of two or more components of (a), said inlet means in communication with an annular groove within a conical member which receives said component(s), (c) means for distributing said component(s) from the annular groove to a plurality of grooves in said conical member, said grooves directing the component(s) into the flow of the component(s) of (a) in said tube.

Abstract: The method according to the present invention ensures a thermal decontamination of waste waters. The method comprises passing a combustible gas through said waste waters in the presence of surfactants. Said combustible gas is passed in an amount sufficient to convert said waste waters to a combustible foam; the surfactants are added to convert the entire volume of said waste waters to the combustible foam. Then the resulting foam is subjected to combustion.

Abstract: A stable post foaming gel suitable for producing lathers for shaving, shampooing and other personal care use is formed for packaging in a continuous closed system by passing the post foaming gel components through a pressurized tank to a filling machine for introducing the formed post-foaming gel into a suitable package or container, with the system being pressurized by the pressurized tank.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming foam including a rotatable screw shaft having concave grooves or convex stripes extending spirally along its outer circumference and located in a cylinder closely spaced from one another for passing a treating solution containing a foaming agent, such as soap, together with pressurized air through the gap between the screw shaft and the cylinder. It is preferable to provide a plurality of square grooves along the inner circumference of the cylinder extending spirally or in the axial direction of the cylinder. Foam of the treating solution can be continuously produced in an effective manner, and the apparatus is particularly suitable for continuously applying a treating solution to a cloth.

Abstract: This invention prevents dust, and particularly respirable dust, from becoming airborne at locations where coal or other dusty products are transferred from one support to another, and where spaces between the pieces of broken material open up and would otherwise release dust into the surrounding atmosphere. Foam, having bubbles small enough to be broken by respirable dust particles, is discharged into the spaces where the small bubbles, bursted by the dust particles, implode and wet the particles and cause adherence of the particles to adjacent surfaces, such as other foam or the broken pieces of material that separate to open up the spaces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a coherent or extruded output stream of viscous liquid containing a dispersed gas to form a foam. The liquid is pressurized and delivered to apparatus having an internal chamber which presents a flow space for the flow of the liquid through it as an integral stream. A gas is introduced under pressure into the liquid, through an opening to the chamber across which the liquid sweeps, to form an unstable mixture of the gas in the liquid. The gas and liquid mixture is not further pressurized by pumping once the gas and liquid have been contacted, but the unstable mixture is maintained under pressure while it flows from the chamber to a restricted outlet orifice which can be closely adjacent to the chamber. At the outlet the pressure of the gas and liquid mixture is suddenly reduced by forcibly ejecting the mixture through the restricted orifice. A coherent stream of the gas/liquid mixture is produced wherein the gas substantially expands to form a foam.

Abstract: A system for producing foam continuously. A body member defines a foam generating chamber. A foamable liquid is introduced into an inlet of the foam generating chamber. A gas is simultaneously introduced under pressure into the inlet of the foam generating chamber to form a mixture of foamable liquid and gas. The mixture is then flowed from the inlet of the foam generating chamber to an outlet thereof through a turbulator medium which substantially fills the foam generating chamber to thereby foam, mix and homogenize the mixture. The inlet and outlet of the foam generating chamber are in an imaginary substantially non-horizontal plane. The foamed and homogenized mixture is then removed from the outlet.

Abstract: Control apparatus for purging the pressure in conduits or hoses of pressurized gas/liquid systems such as hot melt foam generating equipment. The control includes a selectively actuable "purge valve" which upon actuation applies an output pressure to reverse the direction of rotation of the motor driving the gas/liquid mixing pump, or alternatively to operate a diverter valve that connects the pump outlet side back to the liquid supply line. Simultaneously, the purge valve cuts off the supply of gas to the mixing pump. The control desirably also includes a selectively actuable "start-up valve" for supplying gas to the gas/liquid mixing pump at higher than normal operating pressure, in order to overcome any internal blockage and prime the pump for starting operation.

Abstract: A device for generating a foam which might be used, for example, as a cleaning fluid. As depicted, the device comprises structure which accepts a combined fluid, such as water, soap, and air, and passes it through a pair of turbulators in series. As it enters the first turbulator, the fluid is forced to turn through a turbulence-generating angle. The first turbulator may be substantially filled with a turbulence-generating material providing a plurality of randomly sized and randomly oriented interstices through which the fluid must pass in traversing the turbulator. The turbulence-generating material might, for example, comprise a material such as metallic or plastic turnings which are gathered together and fixed in place. Fluid discharged from the first turbulator then travels in a relatively quiescent flow through a pipe or tube to a second turbulator which may employ the same type of material to generate additional turbulence in the flow and thus assure complete mixing.

Abstract: A foam material, used, for example, as a backing material on rugs, is produced by continuously pumping a viscid raw material through a flow meter into a mixer in which the raw material is foamed up by controlled supply of an air flow. For maintaining the density of the foam constant the raw material is passed through a specific weight detector and the foaming air supply is controlled based on the measuring outputs of both the flow meter and the weight detector. According to the invention there is used two specific weight detectors, one at each side of the supply pump, and by processing their combined measuring outputs in a control calculator it is possible to eliminate a control inaccuracy otherwise resulting from the fact that the measurements partly refer to the raw material as under increased pressure compared with the ambient pressure where the foam leaves the mixer.

Abstract: Steam cleaning equipment comprising a water reservoir incorporating steam and water inlet ports and steam and water outlet ports arranged to supply steam at a controlled pressure and water in predetermined quantities to a hand piece where they are mixed in a venturi nozzle.A steam pressure reducing valve in the reservoir is immersed in the water and operated by steam pressure on a piston which has no sealing rings but which condenses steam leaking past the piston and passes the condensate into the reservoir.Detergent metering means and anti-siphon provisions are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous production of a curable polyurethane froth which apparatus comprises separate sources of a polyol, an isocyanate, a catalyst and an inert gas, means including separate conduits for feeding said polyol, isocyanate and inert gas separately and under pressure at controlled flow rates from said sources to a mixing device containing inlet openings to receive said polyol, isocyanate and inert gas, means for mixing said polyol, isocyanate and inert gas to produce a froth, and an outlet opening for the resulting froth, means for delivering the froth from said mixing device to a second mixing device, a conduit for feeding the catalyst under pressure at a controlled flow rate to the second mixing device, and means for mixing the froth and catalyst, said mixing device containing inlet openings to receive the froth and catalyst and an outlet opening for the resulting catalyzed froth and means for delivering the catalyzed froth from the mixing device onto a substrate.

Abstract: Pressure vessels are disclosed for containing a foamable mixture of liquid and a blowing agent for incrementally or continuously dispensing a foam of constant foam-volume ratio. Liquid compositions having coating or polymeric solids are capable of being foamed and dispensed with the apparatus. The method and apparatus are especially advantageous in dispensing foamed coatings, paints or adhesives with superior control.

Abstract: A bubbler mat is formed with individual box-type mat elements. The mat elements are connected in an air determining manner through air supply channels. The mat elements are formed of connectable part shells and have air discharge openings along an essentially horizontal connection plane.

Abstract: A foam bathing apparatus comprising a main body including a blower, a container mounted on the main body for containing a bath and a porous body disposed at an inner bottom portion of the container. Air from the blower is passed through the porous body to produce numerous air bubbles in the bath for the user to immerse the face or the like in the bath for cleansing or massaging. The apparatus includes a pressure chamber provided within the main body and positioned downstream from the blower in proximity thereto, the pressure chamber being provided with a pressure adjusting assembly comprising, for example, a pressure adjusting aperture and a shutter for opening or closing the aperture for smooth and fine adjustment of the amount of air bubbles to be produced. The apparatus is usable also for cleansing or massaging other part of the human body, such as the hand, elbow or foot.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the production of a foamable mixture from at least two fluid, foam forming reactants and aggregates, in which the aggregate is added to one of the reactants and the resulting preliminary mixture is then mixed with the other reactant.

Abstract: A mixing head, specially for chemically reactive fluid components, such as two reactive liquids adapted to form a synthetic resin, has a central body which is provided with passages enabling recirculation of the individual components in one position of the mixing head and discharge of the mixture in another position. The wall of the housing in which the central body is movable is elastically deformable to effect sealing.

Abstract: A centrifuge is disclosed for prefoaming liquid polyurethane-foam generating reactants prior to introducing the reactants into a continuous slab mold. A preferred embodiment of the invention is adapted to produce continuously slabs of polyurethane foam of substantially rectangular cross section.

Abstract: A foaming device including a housing with a cylindrical passage therethrough and four housing ports which provide communication between exterior and interior of the housing, the housing ports being connected to sources of fluids; a cylindrical spool slidably disposed within the housing provided with an axial passage therethrough and three spool ports in communication with the spool passage; the spool being displaceable to on, off and cleaning positions in a way that one has to go through the cleaning position when displacing the spool from the on to off position or vice versa.

Abstract: A foam generating and spraying apparatus adapted to receive a quantity of polymeric resin and a foaming agent therefor, and emit the foamed product thereof, comprises a resin conduit having an inlet and an outlet end; a foaming chamber having an inlet and an outlet end being disposed coaxially with respect to the resin conduit; a resin inlet upstream of the resin conduit for admitting a quantity of pressurized polymeric resin thereto; a foaming agent inlet upstream of the foaming chamber for admitting a quantity of pressurized foaming agent thereto; a mixing chamber downstream of both of the resin conduit and foaming chamber; and, a spray member disposed at the outlet end of the resin conduit for establishing a hollow cone spray of resin, and angularly directing that spray against the walls of the mixing chamber. Methods for generating a foamed polymeric resin and the products produced thereby are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Apparatus for making foam from water, air and surfactant produces very small bubble foam by discharging the ingredients for the foam through passages that cause the stream of ingredients to be alternately expanded and contracted as by travel along tortuous passages to generate the foam. The foam may be delivered to pipes of relatively large diameter to a place of use, particularly for dust suppression. A more uniform flow of foam is obtained as compared with foamers of the prior art where the foam sometimes broke up into alternating slugs of foam and air when discharged from pipes of large enough diameter to cause the foam to travel at low velocity.

Abstract: An improved, stable high expansion aqueous foam formulation of a single cosite solution containing a relatively large amount of ammonia. A method of using the ammonia aqueous foam for visual obscuration and area denial is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for generating a multiple phase dispersion and distributing said multiple phase dispersion as globules in a suspension phase. The apparatus comprises a conduit for introducing a first fluid under pressure into a first zone including a porous fluid dispersing layer. This first zone is in fluid communication with a second zone through the porous fluid dispersing layer. The second zone has introduced into it a second fluid under pressure through inlets. The first fluid is dispersed as bubble-like micro droplets in the second fluid by passage from the first zone through the fluid dispersing layer into the fluid in the second zone. An outlet zone is in contact with the second zone and comprises a perforated nonporous layer having an outer and inner surface and includes a porous flow distribution layer substantially in contact with the inner second zone facing surface of the nonporous layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fluidizing materials wherein a gas such as air is fed into conduits through which the materials to be fluidized flow under pressure, said air being fed into the material conducting conduits at angles in the range of 60.degree. to 120.degree. relative to the direction of material flow, the material conducting conduits being coupled with a third conduit for mixing the fluidized materials. The material conducting conduits are flushed by insertion in a container having means for effecting the flow of a solvent and a gas such as air therethrough.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing low density, cured urea/formaldehyde resin foams includes a centrifugal mixing head comprising a casing and an impeller rotatably mounted therein, the casing having an inlet directed generally axially with respect to the axis of rotation of the impeller and an outlet directed generally tangentially relative to said axis.

Abstract: Distribution of a mixed-phase, vapor/liquid reactant stream to a fixed-bed of catalyst particles is accomplished through the use of a distributor tray in the form of a horizontal plate (or deck) having a plurality of vertically-disposed venturi-shaped eductors. The distributing device is installed within a substantially catalyst-free area of the reaction chamber and serves (i) to initially distribute the reactant stream as a froth to the reaction chamber and/or, (2) to distribute the effluent from one bed of catalyst particles to the next succeeding bed of catalyst particles.

Abstract: Insulating foam producing and delivering apparatus includes foaming agent and resin supplies, means for delivering the foaming agent and resin and also air under pressure and a foam gun for generating the foam and mixing the foam with the resin. The foam gun includes a foaming chamber in which foaming agent and air are discharged in jets so as to impact against blades of a free spinning propeller which is turned by jets to create a mixing turbulence and thereby whips the foaming agent and air into the desired froth or foam. The foam is combined with the resin through an extended resin discharge nozzle located downstream of the foaming chamber so as to confine the resin mixing essentially to the output applicator or dispenser hose and thereby to minimize clogging due to hardened resin residue. Transparent air, foaming agent and resin supply lines enable constant monitoring of the ingredients and facilitate the maintenance of the desired foam density and other desired conditions of the foam.

Abstract: A nozzle for the injection of urea-formaldehyde foam insulation in a building includes a two-stage foaming chamber in the foam chemical line which includes a plurality of jets for effecting bubbling of the foaming chemical and a bubble-sizing, apertured plate positioned downstream of the jets to further enhance the foaming action of the chamber. The nozzle further includes a body into which the foaming agent is coaxially delivered with respect to an axailly extending resin injector. The end of the resin injector extends from the body of the nozzle and a flexible injection hose is removably attached to the end of the nozzle such that the resin and foaming agent mix in the flexible hose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of, and equipment for, thorough mixing of gases and liquids.Equipment in conformity with the invention comprises one or several sequences arranged in same-sense or counter-sense flows, and each in turn comprising: an emulsifier followed by a tapered conduit and an expanding conduit; then, by a pressurized vessel equipped with an exhaust orifice for the liquid and an exhaust orifice for the gas. The gas and the liquid in such a vessel are in contact the moment they are at the maximum pressure reached in the sequence.The invention applies to chemical reactions, to dissolutions and wherever there is significance in achieving intimate contact between a gas and a liquid.

Abstract: Device for destroying foam, and especially the foam of drilling fluids, comprises a container provided with an inlet for gas under pressure, an inlet for foam, an outlet for separated liquids and an outlet for separated gas, and within which the gas under pressure is confined within a divergent conical first space having its smaller end at the inlet for pressurized gas, said conical space and the part of the internal surface of the container outside this member bounding a geometrically closed second space and in which the inlet for foam enters said container through that portion of the container wall which bounds said geometrically closed space.