Abstract: A forming method for a fiber aggregate in which fibers are heated to be welded with each other, the method includes a heating step of applying upward heated air to a bottom of a block of the fibers to pass the heated air therethrough and to cause the block of fibers to float, wherein at least parts of fibers are melted while the block of the fibers float; a compression step of compressing substantially in a vertical direction the heated block of fibers into a desired height; and a cooling step of cooling the compressed block of fibers to solidify melted portions of the fibers at portions where the fibers intersect with each other.

Abstract: An air cannon, formed by associating an air amplifier and an outlet cone with one another, receives chopped fibers and forcefully deposits the chopped fibers on a collection surface or web moving beyond an outlet end of the outlet cone. The air amplifier includes insert structure formed of an abrasion resistant material to prevent abrasive wear within the air amplifier caused by the chopped fibers. A binder is applied to the resulting mat of chopped fibers, the binder is activated by the application of energy with the resulting treated mat being compacted, cooled and rolled up to form a chopped strand mat package. For wide mats, one or more banks of air cannons extend across the moving collection web.

Abstract: A method for producing sound absorbing, vibration-damping and/or heat/cold insulating units (1) of rubber waste from for example tyres. The material is decomposed and mixed with a binding agent and is solidified in a mould. The units can be used as noise protecting screens along roads. Holder means (2) and lifting means (4) can be imbedded in the material before the solidification.

Abstract: Plant for producing pressure die-cast or injection moulded articles having a unit for producing salt grains, a press for forming salt filler cores by compressing the said salt grains, a pressure die-casting machine for making the said articles by injecting a material in the liquid state into a mould having at least one salt filler core, and a salt removal and washing unit designed to remove the salt filler cores that have been trapped within the said articles; the said unit for producing salt grains being designed to atomize a saline solution which is supersaturated with salt into a plurality of drops so as subsequently to cause the salt present in solution/suspension in each drop of solution to solidify into a corresponding salt grain.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing packaging material and sheets, such as disposable food containers or seedling-breeding containers from straws, comprising pulverizing into powder, with 20-50 mesh; stirring the powder of straw, a binder, a lubricant and water in weight parts of 70-88, 0.3-1.0, 0.05-1 and 10-20 respectively, at ambient temperature for 5-15 minutes under 50-80 rpm to obtain a mixture, and thermal molding the mixture at a temperature of 100-150° C., and under a pressure of 20-250 MPa.

Abstract: From about 50 to about 90% by weight of fibers, in particular wood fibers, and/or pellets made from cellulose or from wood, are mixed with from about 10 to about 50% by weight of a hot-curing resin, each of the percentages by weight being based on the total weight of the mixture. Instead of a single resin it is also possible to use a mixture made from two or more hot-curing resins. The mixture made from fibers and/or pellets and resin is kneaded and homogenized and then passed on to an extruder which has various heating zones in which the mixture is heated. Care has to be taken here that the maximum temperature, arising at the extruder exit, does not exceed about 120° C., since above this temperature the resin(s) begin(s) to cure.

Abstract: A method for recycling materials including a significant portion of polyurethane foam includes forming the foam into a fluff of particle sized 0.25-1.0, and most preferably 0.25-0.50 inch. The material is moved to a mold and molded at an elevated temperature and pressure. Preferably, the glass transition temperature of the foam is exceeded. Other filler materials may be mixed with the fluff material. The invention recycles scrap which includes polyurethane foam, but greatly reduces the complexity of re-utilizing the scrap.

Abstract: A method of producing a rubber-based covering comprising at least one layer formed from fragmented cohesible material comprises the steps of forming a substantially continuous bed of the fragmented cohesible material and subjecting the material of the bed to a compacting step so as to form a sheet material as a result of the cohesion of the material. The compaction step is performed with a substantial absence of stretching stresses on the fragmented material.

Abstract: Particle compositions are described comprising certain metal halides in combination with a strengthening agent. The addition of the strengthening agent to a metal halide particle increases the particle's strength thereby reducing breakage on impact and during handling. When used as a vaporizable metal halide fill in discharge lamps, the particle strength is increased without significantly altering the spectral and electrical characteristics of the lamp. Methods of making the particles and arc tube containing the particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for providing a cement bonded wood chip product, a resin bonded wood chip product and a simulated wood product, in which recycled wooden members and recycled resinous members are pulverized after having been mixed. Accordingly, a mixing process and a pulverizing process can be integrated into one single line, reducing the space as well as laborious work and efficient operation in a plant.

Abstract: A reconstituted leather product and process for making. The reconstituted leather product can be finished to have the look and feel of real leather and physical properties equivalent thereto. The process is essentially dry and involves reducing leather materials to fibers, preferably not longer than one inch. The process further involves blending these fibers with synthetic fibers, a resin and optionally other additives, forming the mixture into a mat, curing the mat and pressing the mat into a reconstituted leather product.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of section material composed of thermoplastic material, such sections being suitable for the production of door and window jambs and frames. A thermoplastic material component and a second component containing additives are mixed and compacted to form a strand-forming mixture. In so doing, the thermoplastic component is thermally plasticised. The strand-forming mixture is formed into section material, which may then be further machined, shaped and coated to form the final product.

Abstract: A cylindrical filter which is easily produced and has a high withstand strength, a high filtration accuracy and a long filtration life; a microfine fiber web and a non-woven fabric suitable to a production of such a cylindrical filter; and processes for producing such web, non-woven fabric and cylindrical filter, are provided, the web consisting of microfine mixed fibers spun according to melt-blown process, the mixed fibers consisting of high melting point microfine fibers and low melting point microfine fibers having a melting temperature difference of 10° c. or more, the low melting point microfine fibers being contained in a quantity of 10 to 90% by weight in the mixed fibers; the non-woven fabric being obtained by heat-treating the web; and the cylindrical filter being obtained by winding up the web or the nonwoven fabric, followed by heat-treatment.

Abstract: The process for the manufacture of an additive concentrate which comprises particles of size from 5 microns to 10 mm and a binder including the steps of: (a) mixing the particles and the binder in the dry state; (b) pressing the resulting mixture, optionally with heat sufficient to soften the binder, but insufficient to form significant melting of the particles so as to form a coherent body; and (c) optionally comminuting the resulting body.

Abstract: This process and apparatus use at least one chopper unit. The fiber choppers may be laser beam choppers or existing standard chopper units. The process and apparatus for producing a fiber-reinforced molded composite comprises providing a moldable composition, sequentially spraying a moldable composition into the mold, subsequently providing chopped fibers to the moldable composition and depositing the moldable composition and chopped fibers in mold and molding the moldable composition and fibers in the apparatus under heat and pressure to form the molded composite. One industrial application for these choppers is compression molding of interior trim panels for automobile doors. The choppers spray chopped glass fiber strands into a resin mixture. The glass and a polyol, isocyanate (—NCO) urethane resin mixture at the proper glass loading, distribution and pattern is fed to the mold.

Abstract: A method of producing a mineral fibre element comprising a mineral fibre base layer having a surface coating in the form of a fibrous netting formed of a thermoplastic polymer material wherein such a surface coating is provided on at least a part of the surface of the base layer, wherein the surface coating is formed directly on the surface of the base layer and wherein the surface coating is formed by heating a thermoplastic polymer material so as to melt it and distributing the polymer melt obtained in the form of fibres and/or filaments on the surface of the base layer and cooling it to form a solid layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of fiberboards from coarse wood particles and isocyanate as binder, in which the wood particles are heated under excess water vapor pressure and simultaneously comminuted to fibers which are then delivered with expansion to a drier by means of a blowing pipe, and dried in the drier.

Abstract: This process and apparatus use at least two chopper units. The fiber choppers may be laser beam choppers or existing standard chopper units. The process and apparatus for producing a fiber-reinforced molded composite comprises providing a moldable composition, a first fiber chopper providing chopped fibers to the apparatus from a first direction, a second fiber chopper providing chopped fibers to the apparatus from a second direction, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction and molding the moldable composition and fibers in the apparatus under heat and pressure to form the molded composite. One industrial application for these choppers is compression molding of interior trim panels for automobile doors. The choppers spray chopped glass fiber strands into a resin mixture. The glass and a polyol, isocyanate (—NCO) urethane resin mixture at the proper glass loading, distribution and pattern is fed to the mold.

Abstract: The invention has for its object to provide a seamless belt comprising a polyimide resin and an electrically conductive powder. The seamless belt of the invention is one containing a polyimide resin and an electrically conductive powder and obtainable by, for example, centrifugal molding or the like. The seamless belt of the invention is minimal in variation of electric resistance value, excellent in mechanical and other physical properties and can be expected to find broad application as, for example, the functional belt of an electron photographic copying machine.

Abstract: Continuous methods for manufacturing finished board are disclosed which include disintegrating lignocellulose material prior to drying, gluing, and forming into mats, and in which the pressing of the mat into a board includes a first step in which the mat is pressed in the presence of steam in a heating medium to produce a partially pressed board having a substantially uniform density, and a second compressing step in which the outer layers of the partially pressed board are increased in density as compared to the center of the board.

Abstract: In order to save energy and reduce the exhaust air volume in the production of wood fibers from wood chips, it is proposed to add unsaturated hot steam to the saturated steam used to plasticize the timber binders and soften the wood fibers in a closed-cycle process.

Abstract: A topsheet for body exudates absorbent article includes a hydrophilic nonwoven fibrous sheet and a plurality of thermoplastic synthetic resin filaments extending in one direction parallel to one another and continuously bonded to an upper surface of the nonwoven fibrous sheet so that a composite sheet of these sheet and filaments have crests and troughs alternately repeating longitudinally of the filaments and respectively extend transversely of the filaments. An apparatus and a method for manufcturing the topsheet are also disclosed, wherein a pair of mutually engageable embossing rolls are used for forming the crests and the troughs onto the coposite sheet.

Abstract: Bamboo fibers are utilized to serve as a reinforcing material and for manufacturing an inorganic molded body. In order to produce the bamboo fibers with excellent durability, in a first step bamboo material is compressed to be roughly crushed and in a second step the roughly crushed bamboo material is fiberized using a grinding machine. The moisture content of the bamboo material subjected to the first step is set to be more than 65%. After the completion of at least one of the first and second steps a drying step is taken so that the moisture content of the bamboo material is adjusted to within the range of 3 to 35%.

Abstract: A process for preparing a composition suitable for use as an excipient for tabletting comprising the following steps is disclosed;a) mixing of erythritol and sorbitol in a dry form,b) heating up to a temperature where the mixed products are melted,c) cooling the product,d) milling the cooled product to obtain a composition having a desired particle size.Additionally tablets obtained after direct compression of an erythritol/sorbitol mixture are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing materials solidified with sulfur, comprising the steps of bringing the water content of a mixture of sulfur and a raw material to less than 3% by weight, heating and mixing the mixture of raw materials including molten sulfur at 119 to 159.degree. C., to cause the sulfur to penetrate and encapsulate the raw material that is solid or liquid at the molecular level, thereby preparing a fluid mixture, and, if necessary, then molding the mixture into a desired shape or cooling it into a granular form.

Abstract: A degradable container is disclosed as containing 60 wt % to 70 wt % of a plant fiber, from 10 wt % to 30 wt % of an adhesive and from 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % of a demoulding agent, in which the adhesive is a modified urea-formaldehyde resin. A method of forming a degradable container is also disclosed as including the steps of (a) grinding a plant fiber to a size smaller than a pre-determined size; (b) mixing grounded plant fiber obtained under step (a) with a demoulding agent to form a premixed material; (c) mixing said premixed material with an adhesive into a powder form; (d) press-moulding said powder obtained under step (c) a first time under a pressure of 5-80 MPa; and (e) press-moulding said powder a second time under a pressure of 1.5-16 MPa into said container.

Abstract: An electret article can be made by quenching a molten blend containing a polymer and a performance-enhancing additive. The resulting low crystallinity material can be annealed and charged to produce a material for making electret filters having superior oily mist loading performance properties.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite material product which has a high rigidity and a high heat deformation temperature and is mainly composed of a wood cellulose filler and olefin series plastic. Calcium oxide is added to a mixture of a wood cellulose filler crushed into a predetermined size, a granular olefin series plastic material and a rigidity improving agent mainly consisting of polypropylene modified by maleic anhydride or its derivative. An amount of calcium oxide to be added is calculated so that water of the wood cellulose filler becomes finally 2-5% (percent weight). A compound produced by mixing the mixture and calcium oxide is then molded by a molding machine. The polypropylene modified by maleic anhydride has a high degree of modification by maleic anhydride and a small molecular weight.

Abstract: An extrusion profile is formed of foamed plastic, which includes a filler of wood flour or wood fiber. The foamed plastic may include polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene in combination with the wood flour filler.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a rust-preventing cover in which sufficient strength during mounting is ensured and which can be easily removed when not needed. The method of manufacturing a rust-preventing cover is carried out by a WFM manufacturing method rather than a conventional DFM manufacturing method. A mixed aqueous solution having paper fibers as a main material thereof is stored in a water tank. A porous rust-preventing cover mold is immersed therein. Then, the mixed aqueous solution is sucked by a vacuum pump. In this way, a paper fiber surface layer, which later becomes a rust-preventing cover, is formed on a surface of a mold main body of the rust-preventing cover mold at portions to which masking has not been applied. By adjusting a suction time of the vacuum pump, a rust-preventing cover of an arbitrary thickness which corresponds to a thickness required during mounting can be obtained.

Abstract: Porous products of thermoplastic polymers and the like are formed by sintering pellets, especially micropellets and/or pellets made by rapid water quenched pelletizing of the polymers, such as by underwater pelletizing or water ring pelletizing. The pellets are of a uniform size and shape, each having approximately equal dimensions along three mutually perpendicular axes, thereby producing porous products having smooth surfaces, narrow pore size distributions, greater strength and other improved characteristics. The porous products include antiperspirant and deodorant applicator heads, wastewater treatment bubblers and selective filters.

Abstract: A new method of forming products out of vehicle tires for utilizing used vehicle tires in forming useful products. The inventive device includes the following steps: provide a supply of used vehicle tires. Freeze the tires. Remove steel belts from the tires. Shred the tires into a mixture. Add about twenty percent of new rubber to the mixture. Heat the mixture into a slurry form. Pour the slurry into a mold. Allow the slurry to dry within the mold into a form. Remove the form.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet is made by compressing a mixture of fine particle of intercalated, exfoliated, expanded natural graphite with fine particles of intercalated, unexpanded, expandable particles of natural graphite, the unexpanded particles being more finely sized than the expanded particles. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits improved fire retardant and sealability properties.

Abstract: A wood substitute material is formed by mixing a base polymer with wood fiber or wood flour together with a quantity of lignin and thereafter creating a molten material within a compounder and extruder. The molten material is extruded or injection molded to form the desired shape. Prior to extrusion or injection molding, a foaming agent is added to the molten mixture resulting in the creation of a variable density extruded or injection molded article. In the extrusion process, a conventional extrusion die is employed having a die passage which is significantly larger than the desired eventual size of the extruded article. The enlarged extrusion is thereafter cooled and reduced in sized through a series of vacuum sizers and a final water bath prior to cutting. The degree of foaming within the extruded article is controlled by the amount of foaming agent employed.

Abstract: A carbon fiber hybrid laminate includes a first group of carbon fiber reinforced laminae having a positive CTE and, second group of carbon fiber reinforced laminae having a negative CTE, wherein the hybrid laminate has a tailorable in-plane CTE in the range of .+-.0.2.times.10.sup.-6 in/in/.degree. F.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet is made by compressing a mixture of fine particle of intercalated, exfoliated, expanded natural graphite with fine particles of intercalated, unexpanded, expandable particles of natural graphite, the unexpanded particles being more finely sized than the expanded particles. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits improved fire retardant and sealability properties.

Abstract: A process for the production of compacted bodies of powdered medicament is disclosed, the process comprising the steps of:a) positioning expansible means along the longitudinal axis of the mold;b) placing loose powdered medicament in the mold; andc) expanding the expansible means perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the mold. An apparatus for use in the process according to the invention and medicament compacts formed by the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method, die apparatus and product wherein a layered web of melt blown fibrous filter media is produced by a unitary die including several die sources with facing layers of the fibrous filter media being attenuated by opposed fluid streams at preselected included angles and with the fiber layers being free from bonding together and with the fibers in each layer being minimally bonded.

Abstract: The present invention attains the foregoing and other objects of the invention by providing a method of forming a composite particle product from ligno-cellulosic material bonded together with water-insoluble lignin. The lignin has a relatively low molecular mass, e.g., less than 10,000 Daltons, and has a relatively high number of reactive functional groups. The lignin and material is then heated and compressed to promote bending and cross-linking between the lignin binder and the ligno-cellulosic material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an injection molded object having an outer shell with a front face and a light transmitting assembly molded into the outer shell which assembly is visible from the front face. The method includes the following steps. Supporting a light transmitting assembly on a mold projecting tool which is closable with a mold cavity tool having an interior wall which defines the front wall of the outer shell. Forming narrow passages through the light transmitting assembly to connect its front and rear faces. Closing the mold to position the front face of the light transmitting assembly adjacent the interior wall of the mold cavity tool while leaving a narrow peripheral recess therearound in communication with the narrow passages.

Abstract: Sorghum millet stalks are defibrated and refined into fibers, after which, a cohesive material is admixed with such sorghum millet fibers so as to provide a lump of initially cohered sorghum millet fibers, which is then shaped in the form of a mat. This mat is subjected to a press working process so that a desired shape or uneven shape of panel is produced. During the press working process, the cohesive material is compressed and changed into a state where is acts as a bonding agent to strongly cohere the sorghum millet fibers integrally together. Together with the cohesive material, a bonding material may be admixed with the sorghum millet fibers. Thus, it is possible to obtain a sorghum millet fiber panel which has a strength enough for usual use as with other panels and boards.

Abstract: A shaped wholly aromatic polyamide resin composition article having an excellent mechanical strength, stain-proof property and antistatic property, and comprising a wholly aromatic polyamide resin matrix and a dispersoid comprising polytetrafluoroethylene resin particles in the form of fine networks of fibrils and, optionally, additional inorganic particles, dispersed in the matrix, is produced by mixing an aqueous dispersion of PTFE particles having an average size of 0.3 to 3 .mu.m in an amount of 0.01% to 10% based on the total weight of the shaped article, with wholly aromatic polyamide particles having a melting point of at least 50.degree. C. higher than that of PTFE and composed of porous secondary particles having an average size of 30 to 200 .mu.m and consisting of primary particles having an average size of 0.1 to 2.0 .mu.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for forming a structural member from solid waste which consists of comminuting or shredding solid waste into particles one inch or smaller, adding a small amount of a thermoplastic material such as polyurethane or polyethylene to produce bonding, then heating the mixture and forcing the heated mixture through a restrictive extrusion die under high compression which forms the same in a predetermined transverse cross sectional configuration. Thereupon, the shaped compressed mixture is allowed to cool while maintaining the predetermined shape, and upon cooling, a thermoplastic cover encapsulates the compressed shaped product. The structural member is then cut into the desired lengths.

Abstract: Expanded or foamed plastic material is fed into a hopper containing a first auger having a cutting function. The first auger is driven by an electric motor and cuts the plastic material into pieces which are discharged from the hopper into a vertical chamber. The vertical chamber contains a second auger driven by an electric motor. The pieces of plastic material are compressed by the second auger and delivered into a chamber which serves as the inlet end of a horizontal friction chute. The plastic material in the chamber is compressed by a hydraulic ram which forces the compressed plastic material along the friction chute.

Abstract: A process for recycling rubber, elastomers, and thermoset materials in which the material to be recycled is pulverized in a manner which maintains the chemical composition of the material, producing a powder. The powder is introduced into a mold which is heated to a temperature of at least about 200.degree. C. and a compression force of at least about 10 tons is applied to the powder for a period of at least one hour, resulting in formation of a single piece of the rubber, elastomeric, or thermoset material, with no change in chemical structure.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing food container includes the following steps: the husks of rice, oat, corn, soya bean, wheat or the mixture thereof are used as raw material to make food containers; an eatable adhesive is added in order to bind the husks; the bound husks is rolled into a sheet; after sterilizing the sheet with UV light; the sheet is shaped into a container of a desired shape, such as a bowl or a tray; a water-resistant is coated on the surface of the container.

Abstract: A method of making a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product comprising a quantity of fibre reinforced resin pieces mixed together with a quantity of granular aggregate material, and a binder, in which the fibre reinforced resin pieces and the granular aggregate are intermixed with and embedded in the binder, the binder being selected from materials having an initially plastic state, fibre reinforced resin pieces and the granular aggregate being intermixed, with the binder material being thereafter added and the binder materials being thereafter hardened at room temperature into a hard mass without the application of heat, and apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: In order to assure that an adequately small delivery granulation is offered to the nip of a two-roller machine, preferably a high-pressure roller press for interparticle crushing, namely for an optimum draw-in of the granular material, it is inventively proposed that a sieve means to be arranged in the product delivery shaft of the two-roller machine and that the oversized sieve particles be comminuted with a crushing roller that is likewise arranged in the product delivery shaft and that the comminuted particles then be presented to the high pressure nip for further interparticle crushing.

Abstract: A method of processing refuse wherein layers of resin-coated pulverized refuse are cross-blended, compressed, heated, recompressed, shaped and cured to form useful structural members.

Abstract: A system for making densified glass fiber pellets from chopped segments of multi-filament glass strand is described. The densified pellets may be advantageously produced by hydrating chopped glass strands and then pelletizing them by tumbling in a rotary drum, and densifying the resulting pellets by tumbling in a rotating zig-zag or undulating tube for a period of time sufficient to increase their density but insufficient to degrade the fibers to a point where composite articles formed from such pellets have lower tensile or impact strengths than comparable composite articles formed from unpelletized strand segments.