Abstract: A three-dimensional printing materials system and method can produce both appearance models and small numbers of functional parts in an office environment. The method can include building cross-sectional portions of a three-dimensional article, and assembling the individual cross-sectional areas in a layer-wise fashion to form a final article. The individual cross-sectional areas can be built by using an ink-jet printhead to deliver an aqueous solvent or binder to an adhesive particulate mixture, causing the particles of the mixture to adhere together, and to previous cross-sectional areas. The binder can include at least one of nonaqueous organic monomeric compound, anionically ionizable polymer, cationic polymer, polymer, waterborne colloid, or inorganic solute.

Abstract: Electrolysis cell comprises, in one embodiment, a proton exchange membrane (PEM), an anode positioned along one face of the PEM, and a cathode positioned along the other face of the PEM. An electrically-conductive, compressible, spring-like, porous pad for defining a fluid cavity is placed in contact with the outer face of the cathode. The porous pad comprises a mat of carbon fibers bound together with one or more, preferably thermoplastic, resins, the mat having a density of about 0.2-1.5 g/cm3. Cell frames are placed in peripheral contact with the metal screen and the compression pad for peripherally containing fluids present therewithin. Electrically-conductive separators are placed in contact with the metal screen and the compression pad for axially containing fluids present therewithin. A plurality of the cells may be arranged in series in a bipolar configuration without requiring a separate compression pad between cells (for gas pressure differentials up to about 400 psi or greater).

Abstract: Resin composition comprising ground waste of resin impregnated materials.

Abstract: Injection molding of thermoplastic polymethylmethacrylate pellets and decorative crosslinked polymethylmethacrylate particles employs an injection nozzle which has a size smaller than at least a portion of the polymethacrylate particles.

Abstract: A procedure for the production of sheets or tiles (10) in agglomerate material consisting of products comprising marble and/or granite and/or sand and/or quartz powders and binding resins, also comprising possible inclusions of elements made from metal, glass, ceramic, wood, precious stones, comprising the following processing stages: a) crushing of the components of the sheets or tiles (10); b) mixing of these components with the aforesaid binding resins; c) pressing and compacting of these components inside a pressing die, and hardening at a predetermined pressure and temperature, in order to obtain a predetermined shape, advantageously quadrangular, and predetermined dimensions of these sheets or tiles (10); and according to which before stage c) is carried out a metal plate (11) is positioned inside the pressing die and presents an irregular structure designed to accommodate the mixture of the components which, during the polymerisation and hardening stages, bond to the plate (11) thus forming the base of

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for recycling used floor covering. Post-consumer or post-industrial fibrous floor coverings are shredded to form a fibrous dispersion. The dispersion is maintained at a content of about 20-65% low-melt thermoplastic. The shredded fibrous dispersion is conveyed into a chute feeder which converts it into a batt that is heated, compressed, and cooled to form a durable backing particularly suitable for flooring applications. The batt comprises vertical layers or strata of fibers to provide additional cushion for the backing. Additionally, a portion of the shredded fibrous dispersion can also be diverted and used to form a face layer and/or adhesive layer for a reconstituted floor covering.

Abstract: A process and plant for producing metallurgical coke is disclosed. The process comprises rapidly drying coal particles in an inert atmosphere, and maintaining the particles, once dry, in an inert atmosphere. The dried particles are then compressed into a briquette without addition of a binder. The briquette is heated to a temperature between 1000° C. and 1400° C. for a period of between 1 and 5 hours to produce metallurgical coke.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid absorbing member for absorbing excessive ink components from an ink image formed on a recording medium by an ink jet recording method, in which the liquid absorbing member contains fibrous matter, and the fiber thickness of fibers composing the fibrous matter is in a range of about 0.01 to 100 dtex. The fibrous matter preferably contains fibers having a fiber diameter in a range of about 0.5 to 10 ?m, and fibers composing the fibrous matter are preferably polyester fibers. The invention also provides an ink jet recording apparatus comprising a printhead and the liquid absorbing member.

Abstract: The present invention provides polarized electrodes that ensure a satisfactory packing ratio of activated carbon particles and conductive particulates and favorable contact between these and an electrolyte, and demonstrate high capacitance. The present invention relates to the following electrode materials for polarized electrodes: (1) electrode materials for polarized electrodes containing a rubber-based emulsion, activated carbon particles, conductive particulates, and a surfactant; and (2) electrode materials for polarized electrodes containing a dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene, activated carbon particles, conductive particulates, and a surfactant, wherein the solid content is 25% by weight or more.

Abstract: A decorative article of manufacture includes a substrate having a surface of thermoplastic material and one or more relief portions extending from the substrate surface. The one or more relief portions are formed from a blend of powdered thermoplastic material and powdered non-thermoplastic material, wherein the powdered non-thermoplastic material is selected from the group consisting of metals, glass, minerals, and combinations thereof, wherein the powdered thermoplastic material is fused together and to the substrate thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A silicon carbide-based porous material characterized by comprising silicon carbide particles as an aggregate, metallic silicon and an oxide phase containing Si, Al and an alkaline earth metal; it is high in porosity and strength and superior in oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance and, when used as a filter, is very low in risk of having defects such as cuts (which cause leakage of fluid) and the like, as well as in pressure loss.

Abstract: A process for producing a new material consists of utilising pieces of waste material which are to be discarded from a process of scrapping a product such as a vehicle where the product is passed through a shredding machine (12) which shreds, chops or fragments the product which is to be scrapped into small pieces and after at least part of the re-useable pieces have been recovered, mixing or coating (22) the remaining waste material with an encapsulating material for wholly or partially encapsulating the waste material therein to form a new composite material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a plank product and related components having a controllable and realistic wood-grain appearance, the planks and related components having at least one accent color, the method including the steps of: a) introducing into an extruder a powdered or pelletized base material and accent color pellets, the base material containing less than about 75% by weight wood flour, and having a vicat softening temperature, the accent color pellets (i) having a higher vicat softening temperature than said base material, and (ii) including a styrene polymer having a high vicat softening temperature and a melt flow index of greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A method of making a sintered ceramic composition includes the steps of: providing a powder that includes at least 50 wt. % boron carbide and 0.05 wt. % to 30 wt. % of at least one oxide selected from oxides of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu; milling the powder to form a milled powder; drying the milled powder to form a milled, dried powder; and consolidating the milled, dried powder at a temperature in the range of 1500° C. to 2200° C. to form a sintered ceramic composition having a density of at least 90% of theoretical density, the sintered ceramic composition including zirconium diboride in an amount in the range of 1 wt. % to 10 wt. %.

Abstract: Both ceramic and intermetallic materials as a rule have a very small elongation at break of distinctly less than 0.3% and therefore a break behaviour with low damage tolerance. In order to increase the damage tolerance, it is important to increase the elongation at break to at least 0.3% or more. This can be achieved by introducing, for example, fibres consisting of carbon or ceramic or metal fibres into the matrix. It is important in this respect for the distribution of the fibres in the matrix to be homogeneous and/or defined. It is of advantage and therefore as a rule desirable for the fibres for reinforcing a material or component to be oriented in a defined direction which is adapted to the main stress.

Abstract: A cement system for use in freeform fabrication includes a binder composition, which comprises an organic acid and/or an inorganic acid including a phosphate ion, a polyacid, and a primarily aqueous solvent.

Abstract: The production of moulded bodies from hard-metal powders by pressing and simultaneous or subsequent heat treatment is known. The mixture of hard material powders and aluminium powders for producing dry-pressed moulded bodies is an example thereof. As a result of the risk of demixing and the loss of homogeneity, the upper limit, for example according to prior art, for the proportion of hard material particles added to the aluminium powder is approximately 20 vol. %. The aim of the invention is to increase the proportion of hard material particles it the mixture. To this end, the inventive method for producing metal ceramic composite materials is characterised by dry-pressing powders with base compositions of between 25 and 79 vol. % of at least one metallic phase, preferably aluminium and the alloys thereof, and between 75 and 21 vol. % of at least one non-metallic inorganic constitnent, as ceramic materials, preferably silicon carbides, aluminium oxides, titanium oxides, carbon and silicates.

Abstract: A compacted particulate polymer additive composition in a dry granular form formed from a substantially uniform mixture of the following components: (a) at least one particulate sterically-hindered phenolic compound; and (b) one or more particulate polymer additives other than a sterically-hindered phenolic compound; wherein the particles of said composition are held together in compacted dry granular form exclusively or substantially exclusively by contact with dried surfaces of in situ desolvated particles from particles of one or more at least partially solvated components of (a), and optionally by contact with dried surfaces of in situ desolvated particles from particles of one or more at least partially solvated components of (b). Compositions of this type except that there is no component (b) are also described.

Abstract: An insulation product includes an elongated batt of fibrous insulation material having a first major face and a first installation end. A facing covers the first major face. The facing includes a mounting flange extending beyond the first installation end of the elongated batt of fibrous insulation material. A method of producing the insulation product includes the steps covering a major face of an elongated batt of fibrous insulation material with a facing and making a cut line through the elongated batt of fibrous insulation material so as to provide the elongated batt of fibrous insulation material with a first installation end and a removable discard strip adjacent the first installation end.

Abstract: A composite sintered magnetic material comprises a kind of metal powder at least one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Fe—Si type, Fe—Ni type, Fe—Ni—Mo type, and Fe—Si—Al type, and a ferrite layer formed from a kind of ferrite powder at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni—Zn type, Mn—Zn type, and Mg—Zn type, wherein a diffusion layer is formed by sintering between both of these to integrates the both.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process for the preparation of a self-dispersing or self-emulsifying tablet, wherein a heated granulation mixture containing an active lipophilic substance and a surfactant is granulated into granules, said granules are cooled to a semi-solid state, said semi-solid granules are mixed with one or more fillers to cover the surface of the granules, distribution, the sieved granules are mixed with tabletting aids, and said mixture is compressed into tablets. The granulation mixture can also contain a lipid and/or filler. The invention also refers to tablets prepared by said processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of wood particles and non-wood plant particles for the manufacture composite boards or the like. The present invention also relates to methods of preparing composite boards. As described herein, the composition allows the production of panels, boards or logs that can be used in the construction of buildings, houses and furniture.

Abstract: Articles, including fiberboard, are made from a pumpable, flowable slurry including alpha-calcined calcium sulfate hemihydrate anchored in pores of host particles, alpha-calcined calcium sulfate hemihydrate, a silicone compound, magnesium oxide, and water. The magnesium oxide catalyzes the reaction of the silicone compound into a silicone resin. In a preferred method of making a water resistant fiberboard calcium sulfate dihydrate is combined with the host particles and water to form a slurry which is heated under pressure to calcine the calcium sulfate dihydrate to form alpha-calcined calcium sulfate hemihydrate. After relieving the pressure, a silicone compound and magnesium oxide are added to the slurry. The slurry is dewatered to form a filter cake, which is then formed into a desired shape and allowed to set.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a method by which particulate reinforcement is applied to dry fiber via a powder coating or a “dusting” process and subsequently infused with a resin before or after forming a lay-up. Upon curing a composite lay-up, the particulate reinforcement may be randomly distributed through the laminate composite, forming a wear surface on one side. The application of dried bulk particulate may be applied to a fibrous sheet (or fiber reinforcement) such that the coupling of the particulate reinforcement to the fiber includes a mechanical and/or electrostatic process. Agitating the particulate reinforcement prior to being applied to the dry fiber may induce an electrostatic charge. Further, the particulate reinforcement may include raw microspheres of different types and styles, such as organic, inorganic, unexpanded, pre-expanded, etc.

Abstract: A method of producing a carbon fiber-metal composite material includes: (a) mixing an elastomer, a reinforcement filler, and carbon nanofibers, and dispersing the carbon nanofibers by applying a shear force to obtain a carbon fiber composite material; and (b) replacing the elastomer in tho carbon fiber composite material with a metal material, wherein the reinforcement filler improves rigidity of at least the metal material.

Abstract: Particulate absorbent materials having a size and bulk density range that is conducive to provide a litter for animals that do not bury their eliminations. Where the granular material is sufficiently large and dense to not be discharged from a bin containing the granular material. Each granule has a smooth exterior that will not hang on to the hair or hide of the animal discharging their eliminations. Furthers the granules are of sufficient size and weight to not get stuck in the footing of the animal. The preferred characteristics of the material is having a width of 6 mm-12 mm and having an aspect ratio substantially between 1-1 and 1-6 where the granular substance has a bulk density greater than 12 pounds per cubic foot.

Abstract: A method of making a formed, dried lignocellulose fiber material comprising (a) providing an aqueous lignocellulose fiber pulp slurry having an effective consistency; (b) de-watering the slurry to provide a de-watered material at an effective de-watering rate under an effective pressure to prevent or reduce the formation of fissures and voids within the material; (c) drying an effective amount of the de-watered material at an effective temperature and period of time to provide the formed, dried lignocellulose fiber material having a thickness of at least 5 mm. The formed, dried lignocellulose material may be used to make a lignocellulose fiber-resin composite material of use as a cost effective structural member, as a substitute for steel, in, for example, bridges, processing equipment, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing natural fibre-based composite materials containing natural binders and powdery proteins, comprising the following steps; adding a powdery protein adhesive binder to natural fibres having a moisture content of 1 15%; mixing the natural fibres together with the powdery protein adhesive; adjusting the moisture content of the composition to 6 24% w/w; and submitting the mixture to a heat pressure treatment to form the natural fibre-based material.

Abstract: Polycrystalline grits and methods of making grits which allow for a high degree of shape and size distribution control, as well as improved abrasive performance are described and disclosed. In one aspect, an abrasive slurry can be formed into a plurality of abrasive precursors arranged on a substrate using screen-printing or other techniques. The abrasive slurry can include a binder and a plurality of abrasive particles. The abrasive precursors on the substrate can then be covered with a pressure medium and then subjected to pressure and temperature conditions sufficient to cause sintering of the abrasive particles to form polycrystalline grits. The polycrystalline grits produced by such methods can have a substantially uniform shape and size distribution.

Abstract: The invention relates to filtration media having nanocrystals of metal oxides, encapsulated in or impregnated into a binder matrix, which binds together particles of activated carbon. The filtration media can be compressed into a filtration block, has low pressure drop, and has excellent microbial removal properties.

Abstract: Long carbonaceous moldings and long carbonaceous products as well as methods of production thereof are provided by which carbonaceous products can be obtained without allowing twisting or curving and with less frequent occurrence of cracking etc., even when subjected to heat treatment, and which are excellent in mass productivity. The long carbonaceous moldings have an aspect ratio of 3 to 20 and show fluctuations in the density thereof of not more than 0.05 Mg/m3 throughout the whole moldings.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of a lightweight, heat insulating, high compressive strength, water insoluble material by heat treatment at temperatures between 650-950° C., possessing a low bulk density (from 300 to 800 kg/m3) and improved heat insulating capacity (?=0.07 to 0.25 W/m·deg.) when it has been used to form an article having a compressive strength of from 0.49 to 5.59 Mpa. The starting chemical composition comprising more than 90% by weight of either perlite, pumice or pumice related group of materials or mixture of them and an additive in quantities less than 10% by weight containing Na2O and B2O3.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ceramic heater includes mixing a conductive ceramic powder, an insulating ceramic powder, a sintering aid powder, and a solvent so as to obtain a slurry, drying the slurry so as to obtain a heating-element material powder, forming a green resistance-heating element from the heating-element material powder, embedding the green resistance-heating element in a ceramic substrate, and firing a resultant assembly. Water is used as the solvent. Drying of the slurry is performed by use of a fluidized-bed drying apparatus, a rotary drying apparatus, or a vibratory drying apparatus and, the apparatus being employed in combination with a medium for pulverization.

Abstract: Coffee bean residue is a primary constituent of new thermosetting polymer compositions and articles of manufacture. The articles are made by compression molding and curing of one or more thermosetting polymer resins blended with coffee bean residue. Other additives and fillers may also be included in the compositions.

Abstract: A super absorbent distribution system for homogenous distribution throughout an absorbent core is disclosed. A super absorbent material is injected into a stream of absorbent fluff at an opposite direction to that of the stream of absorbent fluff. The super absorbent is blasted into the peak and outer surface of a cone shaped super absorbent barrier. The oncoming absorbent fluff also contends with a similarly shaped absorbent fluff barrier. The super absorbent material slows down as it hits the super absorbent barrier and oncoming fluff, then stops, then reverses direction and flows with the absorbent fluff as a homogenous distribution of super absorbent material and absorbent fluff. The combination of super absorbent material and absorbent fluff may encounter baffle members to further distribute the super absorbent material and absorbent fluff.

Abstract: A process for transforming pre-used asphaltic roofing shingles into products such as paving bricks, by removing foreign matter, using a comminutor that pulls shingles downwardly through a plurality of pairs of high-speed, counter-rotating, inter-meshing blades stacked within a housing; classifying the particles, applying a release agent to the inside of the mold, charging the mold with a predetermined weight and size distribution of particles, compressing the material in the mold at high pressure, and ejecting the formed material from the mold for delivery to customers. The brick and other products are included in the scope of the application.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming nonwoven webs comprising coated fibers. The method of forming the nonwoven web generally comprises the steps of forming fibers from a melt fibrillation process, forming at least one fluid stream containing a coating substance, applying the coating substance onto the surface of the fiber, and depositing the coated fibers on a surface to form a web. Typically, the fibers are coated in flight. Preferably, the melt fibrillation process to form the fibers is a melt film fibrillation process. A melt film fibrillation process generally includes the steps of providing a polymeric melt, utilizing a central fluid stream to form an elongated hollow polymeric film tube, and using air to form multiple nanofibers from the hollow tube. The nonwoven web may comprise a layer having a significant number of nanofibers with diameters less than one micron.

Abstract: A method for creating a building material that makes use of a wheeled, moveable apparatus that moves through a field after the straw or other agricultural waste has been processed into tightly bound cables. Said cables are formed into woven mats, and said mats are bonded together to form flat or curved wall sections or panels.

Abstract: A novel process for manufacturing of injection molded metal, ceramic, and CERMET parts, in a manner amenable to high-volume, low-cost manufacturing, comprising the steps of forming a mechanical mixture of metal and/or ceramic powders at room temperature, a binder and a liquid carrier, said carrier being a solvent for the binder at elevated temperature; supplying the as-mixed components to the inlet hopper of an injection molding machine or extruder; molding or extruding green parts; and then drying and sintering the green parts to obtain net or near-net-shape finished metal, ceramic or CERMET parts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming nonwoven webs comprising particulates. The method of forming the nonwoven web generally comprising the steps of forming fibers from a melt fibrillation process, forming at least one fluid stream containing particulates, mixing said fibers with said particulates to form a fiber-particulate mix, and depositing the mix on a surface to form a web. The nonwoven web will have the particulates entrapped in the web. The nonwoven web may comprise a layer having a significant number of nanofibers with diameters less than one micron.

Abstract: The invention relates to filtration media having nanocrystals of metal oxides, encapsulated in or impregnated into a binder matrix, which binds together particles of activated carbon. The filtration media can be compressed into a filtration block, has low pressure drop, and has excellent microbial removal properties.

Abstract: The manufacture of zinc borate and calcium borate powders in a water slurry and drying those powders in a controlled manner such as to leave a desired residual of moisture content uniformly dispersed throughout the product produces a low dust, flowable material. This low dust material results in environmental and economic benefits to users of these preservative borates. The preferred amount of residual moisture is from 2 to 10 percent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite magnetic sheet having a high magnetic permeability, to be produced easily at a low cost. The composite magnetic sheet includes magnetic substance powders and polytetrafluoroethylene powders.

Abstract: A method of forming a molding mat formed bundles of reinforcing fibers and bonding materials is provided. The reinforcing fibers are preferably wet use chopped strand glass fibers (WUCS). The bonding materials may be any thermosetting material having a melting point less than the reinforcing fiber. The molding mat may be formed by partially opening the wet use chopped strand glass fibers and filamentizing the bonding materials, blending the reinforcement and bonding fibers, forming the reinforcement and bonding fibers into a sheet, and bonding the sheet. During bonding, the sheet is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the bonding fibers but below the temperature of the glass fibers. The molding mat thus formed may be used as a reinforcement material in sheet molding compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to calendaring an electrode active admixture, such as of a transition metal oxide, and particularly silver vanadium oxide, into an electrode structure. To obtain electrode structures of a desired low basis weight requires calendaring a paste of the active material into a first sheet tape, which is subsequently subjected to secondary and ternary calendering steps. Secondary calendaring is performed in a direction reverse or orthogonal to that used to form the initial sheet tape. The final calendaring step is performed in a third direction aligned 180° with respect to the first direction, but with the second structure rotated bottom over top with respect to the orientation that formed the first and second structures. The ternary calendaring step provides for fibrillation of the fluoro-polymeric binder in a direction reverse to the initial direction to form the product low basis weight electrode active structure.

Abstract: Acid-neutralizing filter media includes filter media fibers in combination with a strong base of small particle size and high surface area attached to and immobilized on the filter media fibers, and methodology therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming a fire combustion modified batt. The method comprises the step of forming a blend of nonwoven and oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers into a web. The oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers are fire resistant and when blended with nonwoven fibers are relatively easily processed into a batt. A second blend of nonwoven fibers can be formed into a web and layered with the oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber web to form the batt. The fibers are bonded together with heat, resin or other bonding material and are compressed and cooled. The fire combustion modified batt is useful as fire barriers and fillers in bedding, upholstery and vehicle and aircraft seats, as insulators for apparel, appliances, walls and ducting, as barriers to separate control systems from a heat source, and as components in fire safety gear such as race driver suits and oven and welding mitts.

Abstract: SEEPS gel and gel foam molded shape articles for use in medical and sport health care, such use include therapeutic hand exercising grips, dental floss, crutch cushions, cervical pillows, bed wedge pillows, leg rest, cushions, mattress, bed pads, elbow padding, dermal pads, wheelchair cushions, helmet liner, cold and hot packs, exercise weight belts, traction pads and belts, cushions for splints, slings, and braces, cushions for the hand, wrist, finger, fore, knee, leg, clavicle, shoulder, foot, ankle, back, rib, soles for orthopedic shoes, and the like.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making carbon/carbon composite disks for braking applications that employs a continuous feeding of fiber strands into a mold. The fibers are then compressed to form a mat or preform. The fibers are then needled such that the fibers within the mat interlock and extend in various directions. The mat or preform is then subjected to densification processing. In order to enhance the effectiveness of the densification process and/or to speed up the processing time, a filler is added to the preform during the manufacturing process. The fillers are added by way of a dry powder or as a liquid slurry. The filler may be aluminum oxide, boron carbide, silicon carbide, pitch, or a variety of carbonic or noncarbonic performance enhancers.

Abstract: A method of making an embossed air-laid absorbent sheet includes: depositing a dry web of fibers on a foraminous support; embossing the compacted web with a laser engraved roll provided with a hard rubber embossing surface having an embossing pattern with a depth of from about 5 mils to about 100 mils. The hard rubber embossing surface is biased toward a second embossing surface selected from the group consisting of the surface of a nip roll and a foraminous web support engaging a support embossing roll. The process further includes bonding the web.