Abstract: A method for forming an implant having a desired shape includes the steps of (a) forming a layer of ingredient powder having a predetermined thickness composed of an ingredient powder, and (b) applying an reactant liquid to the layer in accordance with the desired shape of the implant, portions of the ingredient powder reacting with the reactant liquid being hardened. The above steps are repeated to stack a plurality of the layers having hardened portions, respectively, to form a three-dimensional implant formed by a stack of the hardened portions of the layers of the ingredient powder. The ingredient powder is a powder including at least one of a-tricalcium phosphate and tetracalcium phosphate, and a Ca/P ratio of the powder is within a range of 1.40 through 2.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the abrasion resistance of a spun-bonded nonwoven without substantially adversely affecting its hand or drape characteristics, by incorporating low melt binder fibers into the web during the laydown phase of the spun-bonded nonwoven production process. More specifically, improved abrasion resistance is achieved by intimately blending continuous binder fibers with the primary extruded fibers in a spun-bonded nonwoven web. Also encompassed within this invention is a spun-bonded nonwoven fabric having improved abrasion resistance and comprised of primary extruded fiber and low melt binder fiber such that the binder fiber comprises between about 1 and about 50 weight percent on weight of the spun-bonded nonwoven fabric.

Abstract: A solid compacted pellet of organic material for use in a vapor deposition source, and a method of making same is disclosed. The solid compacted pellet includes: a support member for permitting rotation of the pellet, or transmitting cooling fluid, or both; and a compacted solid core of organic material molded onto and about the support member.

Abstract: A method of compacting moisture-sensitive organic material adaptable for making an organic layer on a structure which will form part of an organic light-emitting device, includes placing such a desiccant material in a powder form inside a die cavity and applying a pressure to such a desiccant powder in the die cavity sufficient to compact into a porous desiccant bed; providing moisture-sensitive organic material in a powder form; and placing such moisture-sensitive organic material inside the die cavity over the porous desiccant bed, and applying sufficient heat to the moisture-sensitive organic material in the die cavity to cause moisture to escape from the moisture-sensitive organic material and be absorbed by the porous desiccant bed, and then applying sufficient pressure to compact the moisture-sensitive organic material into a solid organic pellet.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a combustion resistant and water resistant large container is disclosed. A starch or cereal powders are mixed with water at a certain ratio, and the mixture is heated to a certain temperature so as to form a glue. A drying is carried out, a powderizing is carried out, and then it is mixed with powders of a natural resin (rosin). Then this mixture is mixed with water, and then, it is fabricated by using a fabricator.

Abstract: A wood composite board or panel, such as particleboard, fiberboard, oriented strand board or waferboard and a method of producing the same. The composite board or panel comprises a plurality of wood pieces, thermoset resin to bind the wood pieces and a filler having a high thermal conductivity. Examples of such a filler include natural and synthetic graphites, metal, carbon, silicon carbide and other similar compounds and their mixtures.

Abstract: A method to produce an electrically conductive floor covering made of first particles of a polymer material which are surrounded with electrically conductive second particles and compressed in the intermediate space between the top and bottom sides of the floor covering, with the floor covering having at least one cut surface and the electrically conductive second particles forming conductive paths which connect the upper side and the lower side of the floor covering in an electrically conductive way, in which the first particles comprise at least one granulated elastomer material and form a matrix, in which the second particles form electric conductive paths along the particle boundaries of the first particles.

Abstract: Used and manufacturing scrap asphalt shingle material is processed into a relatively coarse material comprising pieces or flakes of a maximum predetermined size. The flakes are finish processed into a composite board product in a method that includes (i) mixing the flakes with a relatively high percentage content of solvent suffused fiber, (ii) grinding and heating the flakes and fiber to form a homogenous semi-liquid mixture, (iii) extruding and conveying the homogenous mixture to a board forming station, and (iv) compressing the mixture into the composite board product.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified isocyanates for use in producing fiberboards. Particularly, the invention relates to the use of polymeric MDI having a relatively low diisocyanate content for producing fiberboards. The invention also relates to fiberboards produced utilizing such modified polymeric MDI.

Abstract: A moldable batt is disclosed that comprises a fire-retardant cellulose, a fiber component, and a binder component. In one version of the invention, the fiber and binder components are provided as a conjugate fiber material. The batt is compressed and heated to form panels or other products that are particularly useful in the office furniture industry.

Abstract: Two types of synthetic resin are used with fibers (2) made from a wide range of bamboo canes from undried to dried. An appropriate amount of special thread (4) comprising a core thread (5) having a high melting point and a core-thread covering skin (6) having a low melting point are added to the fibers and kneaded together. When molding the kneaded material, it is heated to the temperature at which the skin starts to melt and pressed. Then the skin works as a binder that binds the fibers and the core thread. The core thread supplements the strength and the flexibility of the bamboo fiber board.

Abstract: A method for forming large-dimension ceramic tiles includes at least one first pressing operation for obtaining an incompletely compacted and consistent blank, and at least one second pressing operation for completing the compacting of the blank following an optional surface decoration, the at least one second pressing operation being effected without any lateral retention action on the blank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible graphite sheet having increased isotropic properties. More particularly, the present invention relates to a flexible graphite sheet formed from particles of expanded natural graphite formed from graphite flake sized no more than about 30% by weight +80 mesh prior to expansion. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits improved conductive and fluid sealing properties.

Abstract: A method for making a dry plating built-up film comprises providing silicon carbide as a starting source and subjecting to dry plating while changing a concentration of a reactive gas continuously or intermittently to deposit and form, on a substrate, a thin film having different refractive indices along its thickness. A method for making a sputter built-up film is also described, which comprising providing silicon carbide as a target and subjecting to sputtering while changing making electric power against the target continuously or intermittently to deposit and form a thin film having different refractive indices along its thickness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for producing an elongated drug formulation being suitable for being injected through the skin of a patient with-out the use of a needle or a cannula. The drug formulation is produced by compressing a drug granulate in cavity of a system comprising a roller and a surface, wherein the roller roles over the surface thereby comprising the granulate to the formulation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for incorporating an additive material into a fibrous web to be bonded into an elongated porous element by heating the fibers in a confined forming die with a heating medium adapted to bond the fibers to each other at spaced points of contact. An additive material is admixed with the heating medium and then the web of fibers is contacted with the heating medium/additive material mixture whereby the heating medium simultaneously carries the additive material into the fibrous web and heats the fibers to bond them into the porous element. The apparatus includes an adjustable venturi assembly through which the heating medium passes to create a pressure gradient adapted to aspirate a quantity of additive material and entrain a metered quantity of same in the heating medium.

Abstract: Powder of a polymer active material 1 exhibiting an electro-chemical oxidation-reduction reaction is mixed with powder of a conductivity assisting agent 2 to obtain a mixture. The mixture is molded by a thermal press into a unitary block. Thus, a cell electrode having a large film thickness is produced without causing cracks or breakage. The electrode having a large film thickness improves the energy density of the polymer secondary cell.

Abstract: A film is made of an insulating matrix resin and an electroconductive material, in which the electroconductive material is dispersed in the insulating matrix resin in such a manner that a surface resistivity of A [&OHgr;] of the film and a volume resistivity of B [&OHgr;·cm] of the film in the direction of a thickness thereof normal to the surface of the film satisfy a relationship of: A>B, and when the film has a thickness of T [cm], the electroconductive material is dispersed in the insulating matrix resin in such a manner that the surface resistivity of A [&OHgr;] of the film and the volume resistivity of B [&OHgr;·cm] of the film satisfy a relationship of; A[&OHgr;]'T [cm]>B [&OHgr;·cm]. This film can be prepared by a centrifugal molding method.

Abstract: A method for preparing compression molded or pressed lignocellulosic articles is disclosed. The method involves forming a binder resin by combining a polyisocyanate component with a parting agent and preferably a synergist. The parting agent is the reaction product of an isocyanate compound and an isocyanate-reactive compound of the general structure R—(ao)n—Y where: R is a hydrophobic group containing alkyl, alkaryl, polyaryl, or siloxane moieties; (ao) is an alkylene oxide or mixture of alkylene oxides; n is from 1 to 25; and Y represents a monofunctional isocyanate-reactive group. A resinated lignocellulosic mixture is formed by combining the binder resin with lignocellulosic particles. Then a compression molded or pressed lignocellulosic article is formed by compressing the resinated lignocellulosic mixture at an elevated temperature and under pressure.

Abstract: Method of production of molded wood strand products having relatively narrow projections, such as channels, by inserting binder coated implants into projection forming voids in the mold cavity used to form the product.

Abstract: A method of preparing wood and plastic to produce a composite material.

Abstract: A method of forming a composite panel includes the steps of supplying a material to a forming station, supplying a dry additive to the material at the forming station, producing a mat comprising the material and the additive at the forming station, and applying heat and pressure to the mat to produce a composite panel.

Abstract: A continuous process for reusing scrap polyurethane involves the following stages: Chips of thermoset polyurethane foam are supported as a bed; the bed of chips while moving is heated; the bed of chips while moving is subjected to pressure or compression; and a web is formed. The resulting material is useful in many industrial applications, including padding, gaskets, and insulation.

Abstract: Screen tooling having a durable coating system, and a fiber preforming process employing the tooling. The coating system comprises a surface layer of a porcelain enamel composition that is generally a borosilicate glass, and preferable contains quartz, borax, boric oxide, potassium nitrate, sodium silicofluoride, and manganese dioxide, and optionally contains titanium dioxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide and/or barium oxide.

Abstract: Wood particleboard is produced by a process wherein wood particles, optionally comminuted, are treated with a crosslinkable thermoplastic binder comprising A), a copolymer of one or more comonomer units selected from vinyl esters of optionally branched C1-18 alkylcarboxylic acids (meth)acrylic esters of optionally branched C1-15 alcohols, dienes, olefins, vinylaromatics and vinyl halides, and from 0.1 to 50% by weight, of one or more units comprising carboxyl, hydroxy or NH groups, and B), a compound having at least two reactive groups which can react with carboxyl, hydroxy or NH groups, and selected from epoxy, N-methylol, isocyanate and ethylene carbonate groups.

Abstract: A method of producing a building material uses bast fibers and shives of bast fiber plants as a starting material. The bast fibers and the shives of bast fiber plants are loosened, are metered, and are subsequently fed to an applicator device for liquid additives and/or to a spreading system for solid additives. The bast fibers and the shives of bast fiber plants are subsequently spread in the form of a fleece or a cake.

Abstract: Method of production of molded wood strand three-dimensionally curved articles of manufacture using at least one hole punch comprised of a base and a funnel shaped hole-defining portion having a funnel angle of 20 degrees or greater to vertical for producing molded holes at angles of 20 degrees or greater to vertical, to facilitate insertion of items such as a T nut within the molded hole in an assembly-line like fashion.

Abstract: A process for preparing a target for use in production of a thin metal oxide film that comprises molding an amorphous powder of organic metal chelate complexes to obtain the target. The process also includes mixing metallic materials with an organic chelating agent so as to give a predetermined metal composition to prepare a transparent aqueous solution of organic metal chelate complexes. The process also includes spray-drying the aqueous solution to obtain an amorphous powder of the organic metal chelate complexes.

Abstract: A consolidated cellulosic article of increased thickness and target face density, as well as an apparatus and method of manufacturing same, are disclosed. The apparatus includes first and second dies adapted to move toward on e another with a mat of cellulosic material and a binding agent therebetween. When the dies move together, the mat is compressed under pressure and heat with forms on one of the dies forming identations in the mat. Compression zones of increased density form between the indentations and a first face of the mat. By spacing the forms appropriately, the compression zones overlap, and the face of the resulting consolidated board is provided with substantially uniform density. Since the entire board is not compressed to the same degree, its overall thickness is enchanced while the density of the first face of the mat is increased, and relatively little material is used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of mineral wool plant growth substrate having a coherent hydrophilic matrix of mineral wool fibres connected by cured binder, comprising the steps of: providing mineral wool fibres; applying to the mineral wool fibres as a binder a phenol-formaldehyde resin and a furan resin; forming a matrix of the mineral wool fibres; and curing the binder and to the obtainable mineral wool plant growth substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing close-to-final-shape moldings from pressing compositions, in which reinforcing fibers, fiber bundles, fiber fabrics, fiber mats and/or random fiber agglomerates based on metal, glass, carbon, nitrogen, silicon and/or boron, one or more binders and, if desired, one or more additives or fillers are mixed to give a pressing composition and pressed in a pressing mold under the action of pressure to give a molding, where a curable carbonizable polymer is used as binder. The invention provides for a cold-curing binder to be used and the curing reaction to be initiated by addition of a catalyst, with pressure only being applied after the curing reaction has commenced.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing plastic-substitute goods by using natural materials is disclosed. Agricultural byproducts and wood byproducts such as rice husks, rice plant stems, corn plant stems, bean plant stems, wheat plant stems, saw dust and the like are crushed into a particular size, then the crushed particles are mixed with natural adhesives (such as corn starch, potato starch and the like), and are coated with rosin or natural resins, and then a molding is carried out by applying a pressure in a molding machine, thereby manufacturing the plastic-substitute goods. The raw materials of the present invention are readily available from the rural areas, and the molding is carried out at a temperature of 100-300 degrees C.

Abstract: A method for producing three-dimensional bodies of a large number of mutually connected layers of a particle-shaped material such as a powder, and where the information of the appearance of each layer is achieved from a computer's CAD-unit or similar. An essentially even particle layer (7) of building material is applied on a support base (6) and on a masking device (9) is arranged a masking pattern in accordance with the information from the CAD-unit, which masking device is led over said particle layer and close to it. A radiation producer (8) is arranged or is led over the masking device (9), whereby the particles which are not covered by the masking pattern are exposed for radiation and thereby are attached to each other. The masking pattern is removed from the masking device and new sequences in accordance with the above are carried through until the three-dimensional body (19) is produced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting paper fiber articles into molded parts. The method and apparatus are particularly advantageous in converting paper fiber cores, utilized for winding and unwinding large quantities of paper products, into plugs which are inserted into the ends of the paper fiber cores. The method and apparatus are advantageous in that the material of the paper fiber cores is converted into a molded product without requiring repulping or slurrying of the paper fiber material as in conventional paper recycling methods. The method and apparatus also do not require the introduction of adhesives, and the paper fiber material is preferably maintained substantially dry throughout the process and apparatus.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns an apparatus and methods for reproducing compaction and ejection events in a plurality of press machines. Each press machine has at least one die opening wherein a compound is placed to be compressed at least once between upper and lower punches sliding inside the said die whereupon the compressed compound is ejected from the die cavity. The apparatus and methods ensure that the plurality of compression and ejection events have the same exact speed, profile curvature, and pressure or force as on any pre-specified press machine by matching the timing and geometrical path of the punch movements as well as the depth of fill of the die. The linear speed of the punches is matched by a computer controlling the programmable motor of the die carrier. The path protiles of the punches are matched mechanically by means of interchangeable rollers and cams with the predefined geometry.

Abstract: An asbestos free, calcium silicate insulating material suitable for use in the casting of molten non-ferrous metals, and suitable for use in applications where a fire resistant, heat insulating, electrical insulating, and corrosion resistant material is desirable. The calcium silicate insulating material is produced by combining lime, a siliceous component, alumina silica microspheres, wollastonite and organic fibrous material in the presence of water to form a slurry. The slurry is then placed under steam pressure, to react the lime, siliceous component and water, dried, and heat treated if necessary.

Abstract: Method for producing a shaped body, which method comprises the following steps; (1) applying a layer of pulverulent material to a surface, (2) patternwise applying at least one liquid to the layer of pulverulent material, forming a layer of patternwise bound-together pulverulent material, (3) repeating steps (1) and (2) a predefined number of times, so that a number of successive layers of patternwise bound-together powder, is formed, the successive layers of bound-together pulverulent material together forming the shaped body, and (4) removing the unbound powder, in which the liquid comprises water and the pulverulent material comprises at least one component which forms a binder after contact with water in step (2).

Abstract: A dry forming apparatus includes a carrying table (mold-transfer mechanism) which transfers a mold containing a die and punch units at least between a powder supply stage, a pressing stage, and a formed-product removing stage, a pressing driving mechanism which drives the punch units for pressing in the pressing stage, a connecting mechanism which connects punch units to the pressing driving mechanism when the mold is transferred to the pressing stage, and releases the connection of the punch units, and a unit holding mechanism which holds the punch units while the units are transferred to the next stage.

Abstract: There is provided a process of producing a ring shaped resin bonded magnetic member by molding a feed mixture 24 which contains a lubricant and a magnetic powder composite made of magnetic powder and a heat curable resin composition which is in a solid state at a room temperature. The process is characterized in that (1) heating an inner peripheral surface of the annular cavity 20 so as to transfer heat to the feed mixture 24 whereby heating the feed mixture to a temperature not lower than a softening temperature and below a curing temperature of the resin composition, and compressing the filled feed mixture after or during the heating; and (ii) cooling the inner peripheral surface so as to transfer heat from the heated and compressed feed mixture through the inner peripheral surface, whereby cooling the feed mixture to a temperature below the softening temperature of the resin composition so as to obtain a green compact having a ring shape.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a punch or die having excellent corrosion resistance and releasing property which is suitable for a tablet machine particularly for the production of tablets containing corrosive substance(s) and adhesive substance(s). Thus, the present invention relates to a punch or die for compressing granules to prepare tablets, where a high-silicon steel is used as a basis material.

Abstract: Plant for producing pressure die-cast or injection moulded articles having a unit for producing salt grains, a press for forming salt filler cores by compressing the said salt grains, a pressure die-casting machine for making the said articles by injecting a material in the liquid state into a mould having at least one salt filler core, and a salt removal and washing unit designed to remove the salt filler cores that have been trapped within the said articles; the said unit for producing salt grains being designed to atomize a saline solution which is supersaturated with salt into a plurality of drops so as subsequently to cause the salt present in solution/suspension in each drop of solution to solidify into a corresponding salt grain.

Abstract: The process relates to the production of boards of wood-based material, in particular, oriented strand board, chipboard or fiberboard comprising lignocellulose- and/or cellulose-containing particles. The particles, in the form of chips, fibers, chippings or the like, are mixed with a binder and scattered in a scattering station onto a moving molding belt to form a mat of pressed stock. The mat of pressed stock is pressed and cured by the application of pressure and heat in a platen press or a continuously operating press. To accomplish surface structuring during the production cycle, the finished board of wood-based material just released from the pressing operation is subjected to a structuring operation on one or both sides.

Abstract: A process is described for forming a body of whole untreated rice hulls by mixing with a heat setting binder. The mixture is formed into a generally desired formed shape of the body, e.g. in a mold or die. The temperature throughout the formed shape is raised until a parameter indicative of or associated with the start of setting of the binder reaches a predetermined level or is observed. The setting of the binder is progressed beyond the start of setting, preferably under different process conditions, until the binder has substantially fully cured. To raise the temperature of the body, an RF field can be applied to cause dielectric heating within the mixture until condensing steam is seen emerging from the body, whereupon application of the RF field is stopped. Another heating process suitable for a porous body comprises creating a pressure differential through the mass and introducing a heated fluid so that the heated fluid passes through the porous mass.

Abstract: To avoid breakage and weak points at the points of deflection in case of a large deflection angle and deep deformations a non-woven is formed of several fiber components, which forms a flexible, dimensionally stable molded article under pressure and temperature. An additional CoPES-fiber component facilitates lamination with other fibers without having to use additional auxiliaries.

Abstract: Methods for the continuous manufacture of board from lignocellulose-containing material are disclosed including disintegrating the lignocellulose material into particles or fibers, drying, coating with glue, forming the glued board into a mat, heating the mat with steam, compressing the heated mat to a predetermined thickness approximately equal to the final desired thickness of the board, and pressing the compressed mat into the board.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for manufacturing curved scintillation crystal detector plates uses hot forging of crystal material. Crystal material is brought to a temperature between its plastic temperature and its melting temperature, and it is pressed between a pair of dies having curved pressing surfaces. The heated crystal material may be a freshly-drawn ingot of crystal material, and the method for producing curved plates may include cutting the hot-forged ingot into individual plates.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device to compact parts with an undercut out of powder material having an upper die moveable relative a lower die, at least one upper punch associated with the upper die for relative movement therebetween, at least two lower punches associated with said lower die for relative movement therebetween, the lower punches defining a lower cavity with the lower die for filling with the powder material when the dies are in an open position, the upper die contacting the lower die in a closed position for movement of one of the lower punches towards the upper die so as to transfer the powder material towards the upper die and then to compact the powder material between the upper and lower punches with said dies in the closed position so as to produce said part; said dies moveable to an eject position for ejection of the compacted part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sealing material made of expanded graphite and to a method of producing it. In the sealing material made of expanded graphite of the present invention, a surface layer portion of an expanded graphite base material in which expanded graphite particles are pressurized is subjected to a blast process or the like, whereby the weight of the expanded graphite base material is reduced by a range of 0.5 to 3%, so that the diffraction peak of an X-ray diffraction of the exposed surface layer portion of the expanded graphite base material is in a range of 26.52.degree. to 26.48.degree.. In such a sealing material made of expanded graphite, the elongation rate and the tensile strength are improved, and also flexibility is remarkably improved. As a result, the product application range is extended and product productivity are improved.

Abstract: In a method of producing a filter body which comprises adsorber particles fixedly connected together by an adhesive and which is formed with through passages, a base member having through holes is used, through the through holes in which are passed needles which close off the through holes. The needles project into a housing chamber which is defined by the base member and into which the adsorber particles are then introduced. The needles project with end portions out of the adsorber particle bed. The adsorber particles are consolidated by the adhesive to constitute the filter body. Thereafter the needles are withdrawn from the consolidated filter body to give a filter body with corresponding through passages.

Abstract: Thermally shock-resistant chemically bonded agglomerates suitable for use as a combustible fuel or in a gasification process are produced by:(a) mixing particulate organic material comprising particulate carbonaceous fuel and/or animal excrement (such as dewatered comminuted sewage sludge) with a lignosulfonate, in the presence of water, with application of heat sufficient to maintain the lignosulfonate in fluid form, so as to deposit a film of lignosulfonate over the surface of the particulate material;(b) oxidatively conditioning the lignosulfonate coated particulate material under conditions permitting escape of water present in the mixed particulate material, the conditioning either being in the presence of calcium ions or being followed by mixing the conditioned particulate material with lime; and(c) shaping the resulting free-flowing plastic mixture under pressure, to form the thermally shock-resistant agglomerates.