Abstract: To provide an efficient process for producing polyester particles from a polyester with a low degree of polymerization by a strand cutting method, polyester particles, a process for producing polyester resin particles from the polyester particles by solid phase polycondensation, and polyester resin particles. A process for producing polyester particles, characterized in that the following steps (1) to (3) are sequentially carried out, and the drawing rate ratio of polyester strands represented by the following formula is from 1.5 to 100, polyester particles, a process for producing polyester resin particles which comprises subjecting the particles to solid phase polycondensation, and polyester resin particles: (1) a step of discharging a molten polyester having a melt viscosity of from 0.

Abstract: Provided are: a molding material for a Blu-ray Disc substrate or an HD DVD substrates which is reduced in the occurrence of appearance failures and can realize a stable yield; and a method of producing the molding material. The molding material for a Blu-ray Disc substrate or an HD DVD substrate includes: an aromatic PC resin produced by an interfacial method (A); 150 to 350 ppm (in terms of mass ppm of a total amount of the molding material, the same applies hereinafter) of fatty acid monoglyceride having 14 to 30 carbon atoms (B); 10 to 150 ppm of PETS (C); and 30 to 120 ppm of antioxidant (D). The method of producing the molding material includes: introducing the component (A) into an extruder together with, with respect to the amount of the component (A), 150 to 350 ppm of fatty acid monoglyceride having 14 to 30 carbon atoms (B), 10 to 150 ppm of PETS (C), 30 to 120 ppm of antioxidant (D), and 500 to 1,000 ppm of water (E) having an electrical conductivity of 1 ?S/cm or less at 25° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed generally to methods for making fiber reinforced polypropylene composite pellets using pre-cut fiber fed to a compounding extruder by improved fiber feeder systems. One form of the method includes feeding into a compounding extruder at least 25 wt % polypropylene based polymer, from 5 to 60 wt % pre-cut organic fiber, and from 0 to 60 wt % inorganic filler; and extruding, cooling and pelletizing the resultant mixture of components to form fiber reinforced polypropylene composite pellets; wherein the pre-cut organic fiber is fed from a feeder including a feeder hopper, one or more conditioning augers/agitators, one or more metering augers below the feeder hopper, and a means for controlling the speed of the conditioning augers/agitators and metering augers; and wherein an article molded from the pellets has a flexural modulus of at least 2.07 GPa and exhibits ductility during instrumented impact testing.

Abstract: A compacted particulate polymer additive composition in a dry granular form formed from a substantially uniform mixture of the following components: (a) at least one particulate sterically-hindered phenolic compound; and (b) one or more particulate polymer additives other than a sterically-hindered phenolic compound; wherein the particles of said composition are held together in compacted dry granular form exclusively or substantially exclusively by contact with dried surfaces of in situ desolvated particles from particles of one or more at least partially solvated components of (a), and optionally by contact with dried surfaces of in situ desolvated particles from particles of one or more at least partially solvated components of (b). Compositions of this type except that there is no component (b) are also described.

Abstract: The invention is a composition that can prevent formation in, or scavenge undesirable organic materials from, a polymer matrix. The composition contains cyclodextrin and particles of activated carbon. The composition can scavenge thermal decomposition products that can be produced during melt processing of a polymer, contaminants inherent in a polymer, or other types of impurities from a polymer matrix that otherwise may elute into the air, a water supply, or an ingestible material such as a food, a drug, or a beverage. Other aspects of the invention are blends of the composition with polymeric materials, methods of making blends, articles containing the composition, and methods of making articles containing the composition.

Abstract: Provided is a cellulose acylate film formed through melt casting that is capable of being built in liquid-crystal display devices to solve the display trouble at the time of black level of display. That is a cellulose acylate film formed through melt casting, in which the number of polarizing minor impurities is from 0 to 10/mm2 and the number of black impurities is from 0 to 10/mm2, and which has a transmittance at 450 nm (T450) of from 90 to 100%.

Abstract: A highly efficient pelletizing system for making thermoplastic micropellets includes and extruder for extruding molten thermoplastic into thermoplastic strands. A rotor cuts the strands into micropellets. The rotor has more than four teeth per inch and operates at a very high speed.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the production of polyarylene sulfide based resin, wherein in washing a polyarylene sulfide based resin with a mixed solvent of an aprotic organic solvent and water in a softened or molten state, the polyarylene sulfide based resin partially dissolved in the washing liquid is recovered, to be specific, the polyarylene sulfide based resin dissolved in the washing liquid is precipitated, separated and recovered by cooling the washing liquid after washing and/or adding water to the washing liquid, and it is reused. According to the present invention, capable of being provided is a process for the production of polyarylene sulfide based resin in which the polyarylene sulfide based resin formed by polymerization is scarcely lost in washing the above resin with a solvent.

Abstract: Strands of molten polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from a PET polycondensation reactor are solidified, pelletized, and cooled only to a temperature in the range of 50° C. to a temperature near the polymer Tg by contact with water. The still hot pellets are conveyed, optionally followed by drying to remove water, to a PET crystallizer. By avoiding cooling the amorphous pellets to room temperature with water and cool air, significant savings of energy are realized.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for underwater pelletizing and subsequent drying of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers and other high temperature crystallizing polymeric materials to crystallize the polymer pellets without subsequent heating. High velocity air or other inert gas is injected into the water and pellet slurry line to the dryer near the pelletizer exit. The slurry line has a substantially straight component, and air is preferably injected at the end of the straight component nearest the pelletizer exit and in a direction substantially coincident with the axis of the straight component. The air injection significantly increases the speed of the pellets into and out of the dryer such that the PET polymer pellets leave the dryer above at least 135° C., and preferably above 145° C., to self-initiate crystallization.

Abstract: A process for preparing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fibers including (a) providing a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composition comprising about 0.05 to about 10 weight % ionomer and (b) spinning the polymer composition to form fibers. In addition, a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fiber including poly(trimethylene terephthalate) with about 0.1 to about 10 weight % ionomer dispersed throughout the poly(trimethylene terephthalate), and use thereof in yarns, fabrics, and carpets, as well as the yarns, fibers and fabrics.

Abstract: A process for preparing poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) multifilament yarns and monofilaments. One process for preparing poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) multifilament yarns includes (a) providing a polymer blend including poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) and about 0.1 to about 10 weight % styrene polymer, by weight of the polymer in the polymer blend, (b) spinning the polymer blend to form poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) multiconstituent filaments containing dispersed styrene polymer, and (c) processing the multiconstituent filaments into poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) multifilament yarn including poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) multiconstituent filaments containing styrene polymer dispersed throughout the filaments. Another process includes spinning at a speed of at least 3,000 m/m and processing a blend including poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) to form partially oriented poly(trimethylene dicarboxylate) multifilament yarn.

Abstract: A process for producing compacted free-flowing nitrocellulose based lacquer raw materials is described. The process involves pressing a nitrocellulose based lacquer feed material, which is moistened with alcohol or water, through the holes of a die. The pressing step may be performed by means of at least one circulating breaker. The process optionally comprises shearing off the compacted lacquer raw material into pieces of selected length, below the die. The compacted nitrocellulose based lacquer raw materials prepared by the process of the present invention are free flowing and have a moisture content of at least 25%.

Abstract: The invention relates to webs or batts including polytrimethylene terephthalate crimped staple fibers and fiberfill products comprising such webs and batts, as well as the processes of making the staple fibers, webs, batts and fiberfill products. According to the preferred process of making a web or batt, polytrimethylene terephthalate staple fibers, containing polytrimethylene terephthalate is melt spun at a temperature of 245-285° C. into filaments. The filaments are quenched, drawn and mechanically crimped to a crimp level of 8-30 crimps per inch (3-12 crimps/cm). The crimped filaments are relaxed at a temperature of 50-130° C. and then cut into staple fibers having a length of about 0.2-6 inches (about 0.5-about 15 cm). A web is formed by garnetting or carding the staple fibers and is optionally cross-lapped to form a batt. A fiberfill product is prepared with the web or batt.

Abstract: In a process for upgrading cleaned used plastic material to be reclaimed, all steps are performed in a continuous way so as to extrude continuously the plastic material to provide elongated strands thereof, cutting the strands continuously as they are supplied by extrusion to convert them into pellets. Then, the pellets are fed without any intermediate storage to a continuous crystallizer in a stream of hot gas to heat the pellets to crystallizing temperature.

Abstract: Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) tetrachannel cross-section staple fibers, as well as yarns, fiberfill webs, batts and products, and fabrics made therewith. Also, the process of making such staple fibers, yarns, fiberfill webs, batts and products, and fabrics.

Abstract: A method of melt spinning a group of multifilament yarns (1) from a polymer melt, wherein each group of yarns (10) is formed from a plurality of filaments (4) that are extruded through a nozzle bore (3) and withdrawn by a withdrawal means by the action of a withdrawal tension. In accordance with the invention, each group of yarns (10) is cooled in a precooling zone (5) and in an aftercooling zone (6) downstream thereof. The cooling in the precooling zone (5) and in the aftercooling zone (6) is adjusted such that the group of yarns (10) is cooled within the aftercooling zone (6) by the action of a coolant flow directed into the path of the yarn, so that the filaments (4) of the group of yarns (10) solidify in a solidification range within the aftercooling zone (6).

Abstract: A moldable pellet used for making high impact, non-abrasive recyclable structural composites consisting of a thermoplastic polymer or polymers, with or without fillers and additives, and a synthetic cellulosic fiber in yarn or tow form such as Rayon or Lyocell. The concentration of cellulose fiber within the pellet may vary from approximately 2-80 percent by weight or higher. This moldable pellet is suitable for molding in current molding applications such as, but not limited to, injection molding, extrusion compression molding, and compression molding.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a side-by-side or eccentric sheath-core bicomponent fiber wherein each component comprises a different poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composition.

Abstract: A method for producing powder of a thermoplastic elastomer having a sphere-reduced average particle diameter of 700 &mgr;m or less by an under water cut method which comprises discharging the thermoplastic elastomer in melt state through a plurality of orifice in a dice in into water, and cutting the discharged matter with a cutter blade rotating along the die surface to obtain powder of the thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the method satisfies the following conditions (a) and (b): (a) the temperature of the thermoplastic elastomer directly before the die is from 120 to 220° C., and (b) the temperature of a die is from 230 to 350° C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cutting a puff extrudate utilizing a blade that passes through the extrudate while the extrudate is in a viscous melt stage. The present invention utilizes a tube to facilitate production of a curly puff extrudate. A gap is provided in between the tube and the extruder die to allow a blade to access the extrudate as it exits an orifice in the die. The blade accesses the extrudate at the viscous melt stage, before the extrudate has cooled and hardened. The blade nicks the extrudate, as opposed to completely cutting it, which allows the extrudate to remain connected throughout processing such as curling in the containment tube. The gap also allows steam to be vented form the extrudate as it exits the orifice in the die. The nicked extrudate separates when fried or baked.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing self-texturing hollow fiber that exhibits a desirable tendency to coil rather than to bend sharply or zig-zag. In one embodiment the invention is a spinneret for the production of hollow filament having first and second curved slots where each slot is defined by a first end having a first width and a second end having a second width and where the first and second ends are separated by an intermediate portion possessing a non-uniform width. In another embodiment the invention is a method for of producing generally cylindrical hollow filaments comprising extruding a polymer melt through a spinneret having first and second curved slots where each slot has a first end having a first width and a second end having a second width and where the first and second ends are separated by a intermediate portion possessing a non-uniform width along the continuum defined by the distance between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: An extrudable mass of thermoplastic polystyrene and blowing agent is provided with an olefin, e.g. polyethylene, or polypropylene in an amount of from 1% to 5% by weight of the mass. The resulting pellets that are processed from the extrudate are characterized in being dust free and in having a smooth shiny skin without cracks, a sponginess greater than a conventionally made polystyrene pellet and a bulk density of less than 0.2 pounds per cubic foot.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for the production of expandable plastics granulate (C). A plastics melt (A′) is impregnated by a fluid blowing agent (B), which is, at an elevated pressure within a predetermined pressure range, only partly soluble in the melt. The method comprises the following steps: 1. dispersion of the blowing agent in the melt, 2. retaining of the mixture within a predetermined pressure range for a predetermined retention time, 3. cooling of the melt impregnated by the blowing agent to a temperature which is several degrees Celsius above the solidification temperature of the melt, and 4. granulating the cooled mixture.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for granulating a polyarylene sulfide-based resin which comprises extruding a molten polyarylene sulfide-based resin with an extruder through a die nozzle, thereafter taking off the resin in cooling water at a temperature in the range of 5 to 60° C. which flows down on a prescribed inclined surface, and cutting off the resin and pelletizing the same at a prescribed position on the downstream region. It is made possible by the above process to efficiently steadily produce micro-pellets and amorphous pellets of the polyarylene sulfide-based resin. Furthermore, in the case of preparing the compound of the pellets by compositing with a filler such as calcium carbonate, the stability of an extruder can be assured by the specific resin pellets.

Abstract: Mechanically divisible multicomponent fibers have at least a component including poly(lactic acid) polymer and at least a second component including at aromatic polyester. The multicomponent fibers are particularly useful in the manufacture of nonwoven structures, and in particular nonwoven structures used as synthetic suede.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing multilayer pellets having a core-sheath structure with a molding material forming a sheath which covers the outer circumference of another molding material forming a core, which includes (a) supplying the core material and the sheath material to a die extruder having multiple extrusion-forming parts arranged along a circumference, (b) extruding multiple multilayer strands from the extrusion-forming parts by covering around the outer circumference of the core material concentrically with the sheath material, and (c) cutting the extruded multilayer strands to manufacture multilayer pellets.

Abstract: Uniformly sized granules are formed using the present extruder and granulation process. The extruder contains a spiral worm screw for guiding a granulation material to an apertured plate. The spiral worm screw is rotated within a chamber and is formed from a guiding slant which terminates at a blunt edge near the apertured plate. The blunt edge rubs the granulation material against the apertured plate which softens the material forming a semi-solid material. The semi-solid material is then gently pushed through the apertured plate using just the required pressure. The granules are formed when the semi-solid material hardens after exiting the apertured plate.

Abstract: Uniformly sized granules are formed using the present extruder and granulation process. The extruder contains a spiral worm screw for guiding a granulation material to an apertured plate. The spiral worm screw is rotated within a chamber and is formed from a guiding slant which terminates at a blunt edge near the apertured plate. The blunt edge rubs the granulation material against the apertured plate which softens the material foming a semi-solid material. The semi-solid material is then gently pushed through the apertured plate using just the required pressure. The granules are formed when the semi-solid material hardens after exiting the apertured plate.

Abstract: A process of making polytrimethylene terephthalate staple fibers, including (a) providing polytrimethylene terephthalate, (b) melt spinning the melted polytrimethylene terephthalate at a temperature of 245-285° C. into filaments, (c) quenching the filaments, (d) drawing the quenched filaments, (e) crimping the drawn filaments using a mechanical crimper at a crimp level of 8-30 crimps per inch (3-12 crimps/cm), (f) relaxing the crimped filaments at a temperature of 50-120° C., and (g) cutting the relaxed filaments into staple fibers having a length of about 0.2-6 inches (about 0.5-about 15 cm), and polytrimethylene terephthalate staple fibers, yarns and fabrics. Further, a process of optimizing the crimp take-up of a polytrimethylene terephthalate staple fiber including determining the relationship between denier and crimp take-up and manufacturing staple fibers having a denier selected based upon that determination.

Abstract: A microfiber substrate of improved carding ability and its manufacturing method, and more particularly a micro-fiber spun by conjugated melting of crystallization difference of high crystallization polymer and low crystallization polyester, drawn to form an unsplit microfiber staple having a layer of thin film in its surrounding, the microfiber staple which is still kept in unsplitting state during opening, carding and lapping treatment, will be split just at the layer of thin layer of its surrounding of the microfiber staple by spunlace to completely split from the microfiber, knitted to form water-jet punch web, then subject to hot water to shrink to densification. The microfiber nonwoven web excellent in the wiping effect, cleaning effect and microfiber artificial leather excellent in the hand feeling and fluff compaction without environment pollution is enabled to offer the artificial leather more cheaply and easily finished.

Abstract: Methods for producing granular compositions comprise the steps of preparing a viscous liquid mixture, forming a plurality of ligaments from the viscous liquid mixture, cutting the ligaments with one or more liquid jet streams to form pieces, and drying the pieces to form the granular compositions. Apparatus for producing a granular compositions comprise a viscous liquid composition supply, a ligament forming device in fluid communication with a viscous liquid composition supply, one or more liquid jet nozzles adjacent an outlet of a ligament forming device, and a dryer.

Abstract: A side-by-side or eccentric sheath-core bicomponent fiber wherein each component comprises a different poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composition and wherein at least one of the compositions comprises styrene polymer dispersed throughout the poly(trimethylene terephthalate), and preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cutting a puff extrudate utilizing a blade that passes through the extrudate while the extrudate is in a viscous melt stage. The present invention utilizes a tube to facilitate production of a curly puff extrudate. A gap is provided in between the tube and the extruder die to allow a blade to access the extrudate as it exits an orifice in the die. The blade accesses the extrudate at the viscous melt stage, before the extrudate has cooled and hardened. The blade nicks the extrudate, as opposed to completely cutting it, which allows the extrudate to remain connected throughout processing such as curling in the containment tube. The gap also allows steam to be vented form the extrudate as it exits the orifice in the die. The nicked extrudate separates when fried or baked.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method as well as a system for extruding continuously molded bodies for producing filaments or staple fibers from an extrusion solution, such as a cellulose solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide such as N-methylmorpholine N-oxide. In comparison with the methods known from the prior art, profitability can be increased in the production of continuously molded bodies (3) if the extrusion rate v is set to a value v=B·T0.33·10,000·(1/r2). In a system, profitability can be enhanced if the number r of rows is r=[(B/v)·10,000·T0.33]1/2. T is here the fiber titer in T dtex, v the extrusion rate in m/min, r the number of the rows of extrusion duct orifices (12), and B an operational parameter which is not more than 4 and at least 0.5.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing multilayer pellets having a core-sheath structure with a molding material forming a sheath which covers the outer circumference of another molding material forming a core, which includes (a) supplying the core material and the sheath material to a die extruder having multiple extrusion-forming parts arranged along a circumference, (b) extruding multiple multilayer strands from the extrusion-forming parts by covering around the outer circumference of the core material concentrically with the sheath material, and (c) cutting the extruded multilayer strands to manufacture multilayer pellets.

Abstract: A plastic particle is formed of a plastic material having at least one integral protruding ring disposed on its outer surface. The ring may be continuous or intermittent around a perimeter of the plastic particle. Preferably, the particles have an outer diameter in the range of 0.007 inches to 0.040 inches.

Abstract: The present invention relates to industrial high relative viscosity (RV) filaments, such as, for use in papermaking machine felts and other staple fiber applications. The invention is further directed to apparatus and processes for solid phase polymerization (SPP) of polyamide flake suitable for use, such as, in remelting and then spinning the industrial high RV filaments. The invention is also directed to processes for melt phase polymerization (MPP) of molten polymer for making the filaments.

Abstract: Disclosed is fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin pellets that satisfy the quality stability (homogeneous impregnation, deterioration prevention of reinforcing fiber) of the molding material and the strength performance of the molded product, using natural discontinuous fiber as the reinforcing fiber, and a manufacturing method of the pellets. A plurality of spun yarns with No. 5 to 80 counts are twisted 10 to 200 turns/m and pultruded when fiber-reinforced thermoplastic pellets containing natural fiber as the reinforcing fiber are manufactured by the impregnating pultrusion method.

Abstract: The invention provides pellets of a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer which are excellent in feedability, cause little fluctuation of extruder torque or discharge during molding, and yield shaped articles with high dimensional accuracy such as the high accuracy of form and thickness. The pellets of the invention are such that the differential curve representing the magnitude of change in the cumulative pore volume curve generated by measuring the fractional volume of surface pores by the mercury intrusion method has no peak within the pore diameter range of 1×102˜1×104 Å.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to the formulation of thermoplastic pellets from a combination of raw sludge material from a paper mill with thermoplastic material from post industrial or consumer sources. Initially, waste raw sludge material is transported via a conveyor to a dryer for removal of excess water. The waste thermoplastic material is preferably shredded into a desired size and transported to a densifier. The dried sludge is added to the densifier where the shredded thermoplastic material and dried sludge is suitably mixed with additive agents. The mixed sludge and shredded thermoplastic material is then transported to a grinder for grinding. The ground material is then transported to a hopper for introduction into an extruder. The ground combined material is then subjected to an extrusion process for the formulation of thermoplastic pellets having supplemental fibers to enhance the properties for use as starting material in an injection molding process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing self-texturing hollow fiber that exhibits a desirable tendency to coil rather than to bend sharply or zig-zag. In one embodiment the invention is a spinneret for the production of hollow filament having first and second curved slots where each slot is defined by a first end having a first width and a second end having a second width and where the first and second ends are separated by an intermediate portion possessing a non-uniform width. In another embodiment the invention is a method for of producing generally cylindrical hollow filaments comprising extruding a polymer melt through a spinneret having first and second curved slots where each slot has a first end having a first width and a second end having a second width and where the first and second ends are separated by a intermediate portion possessing a non-uniform width along the continuum defined by the distance between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: For the anionic polymerization of lactams: (a) (i) a catalyst capable of creating a lactamate and (ii) a regulator chosen from amides of formula R1-NH—CO-R2, in which R1 can be substituted by an R3-CO—NH— or R3-0— radical and in which R1, R2 and R3 denote an aryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl radical, are dissolved in the molten lactam, (a1) the solution from stage (a) is cooled, optionally to the solid state in a form which can be divided, (a2) the product from stage (a1) is optionally reheated to a temperature below the polymerization temperature of the lactam, (a3) optionally, the product from stage (a1) is reheated and is maintained at a temperature between the melting temperature of the lactam and 15° C. above, and (b) the produce from any one of stages (a1), (a2) or (a3) is introduced into a mixing device or mold and is then heated to a temperature sufficient to obtain the bulk polymerization of the lactam.

Abstract: A method for processing an impact modifier material having a core and shell molecular structure comprises working the impact modifier material in a mild extruder to a state such that at least a portion of the shells of the impact modifier material fuse together to form an impact modifier material output, and pelletizing the impact modifier output. The output is preferably pellitized, and produces pellets having a narrow size distribution.

Abstract: A release-controlled pipe and a related manufacturing method comprise several main steps, which are mixing a formulation, first hot melt extrusion and cooling, grinding into pieces, second hot melt extrusion, molding and cooling. The present invention includes the steps of first mixing elastomer pellets and a binder, then pouring the formulation into a melt extruder for extruding and shaping a rod-like extrudate. Then the rod-like extrudate is ground into pieces and placed into a water-filled container and another dry container. The mixture of dry ground pellets, wet ground pellets including water, and a small amount of lubricant is poured into a melt extruder for extruding, and a release-controlled pipe is shaped via a pipe die head and gathered by a winder after cooling.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for recycling carpet, for making articles with the recycled carpet, and articles made therefrom. In one embodiment, the method for recycling carpet comprises: melting recycle carpet; reducing a water content of the recycle carpet to less than or equal to about 0.5 wt %, based upon the total weight of the recycle carpet and the water, to form a melt ribbon; and forming pellets from the extruded melt ribbon of recycle material.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to the formulation of thermoplastic pellets from a combination of raw sludge material from a paper mill with thermoplastic material from post industrial or consumer sources. Initially, waste raw sludge material is transported via a conveyor to a dryer for removal of excess water. The waste thermoplastic material is preferably shredded into a desired size and transported to a densifier. The dried sludge is added to the densifier where the shredded thermoplastic material and dried sludge is suitably mixed with additive agents. The mixed sludge and shredded thermoplastic material is then transported to a grinder for grinding. The ground material is then transported to a hopper for introduction into an extruder. The ground combined material is then subjected to an extrusion process for the formulation of thermoplastic pellets having supplemental fibers to enhance the properties for use as starting material in an injection molding process.

Abstract: Mechanically divisible multicomponent fibers are disclosed having at least a first component comprised of poly(lactic acid) polymer and at least a second component comprised of an aromatic polyester. The multicomponent fibers are particularly useful in the manufacture of nonwoven structures, and in particular nonwoven structures used as synthetic suede.

Abstract: Polyolefin fibers and polyolefin yarns of high strength and elongation and textile fabrics produced therefrom, which consist of modified propylene polymers, unmodified propylene polymers and adjuvants, are produced by melting the polyolefin mixtures in the extruder, transferring the melt by extrusion pumps to the spinnerets and drawing off the extruded filaments by high-speed galettes and/or winders.

Abstract: A process for upgrading brown coal is disclosed, including providing at least two converging surfaces defining a nip, wherein at least one of the surfaces is rollable in a direction toward the nip; feeding the brown coal to the nip where, by the rolling action of the rollable surface, the brown coal is subjected to shearing stresses, causing attritioning of the microporous structure of the brown coal and the release of water contained in the micropores; and continuing the shearing attritioning until the brown coal forms into a plastic mass. Processes for the production of char are also disclosed utilizing as feed material pellets formed from the upgraded brown coal produced by the above process, as well as a process for recovering metal from a metal containing material.