Abstract: A plastic container having a body portion and a handle portion which extends from the body portion is formed using a pair of mold halves placed into engagement. During the molding process, a surface of the handle portion is provided with a recess in at least one area where the mold halves are in placed into engagement.

Abstract: Disclosed are oriented, shaped articles such as, for example, film, fibers, bottles, and tubes, with excellent strength, toughness, clarity, chemical resistance, and UV resistance. The articles can be prepared from cycloaliphatic polyesters and from compositions comprising cycloaliphatic polyesters and cycloaliphatic polyester elastomers. The articles may be oriented by stretching in at least one direction and have a modulus which results in a soft feel. Also disclosed are polyester compositions comprising cycloaliphatic polyesters and polyester elastomers.

Abstract: A golf ball manufacturing method comprises a step of holding a spew (B) of a seam (C) of a golf ball (G) in a predetermined position, a step of deciding whether the position of the seam (C) is normal, and a step of distinguishing the necessity of the processing of the golf ball based on the decision, and furthermore, a step of processing the seam (C) which removes the spew (B) of the seam (C) and smoothens a removing mark, and the step of processing the seam (C) is constituted by a plurality of stages including cutting and grinding. The processing is carried out at an angle obtained by inclining an angle for processing the seam C in the direction of the flow of a polymer in the seam C. According to the golf ball manufacturing method, the appearance of the seam is very smooth and the performance of the ball can be more uniform.

Abstract: A molding die assembly includes an upper die and a lower die, wherein at least one of the upper and lower dies is provided with a cavity corresponding to the shape of a rubber member to be molded, wherein at least one of the upper and lower dies is provided with an annular projection around a cavity. The distance between the upper and lower dies at the annular projection is made smaller than the distance between the opposed surface portions, other than the cavity, of the upper and lower dies. A rubber member produced by the above mentioned molding die assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A ball body is formed with a mold having upper and lower mold half. Dimples 16 having a shape inverted from the shape of the pimples of the mold are formed on the ball body. The dimples 16 in the vicinity of the equatorial line have a size in the meridional direction D1 being greater than a size in the latitudinal direction D2. The difference between the size in the meridional direction D1 and the size in the latitudinal direction D2 is 0.01 mm or greater and 0.50 mm or less. By grinding the ball body in the vicinity of the equatorial line, a flash generated on the seam resulting form the mold is removed. According to the grinding, the size in the meridional direction of the dimple 16 is reduced, and thus, plane shape of the dimple becomes closer to a perfect circle.

Abstract: Disclosed are oriented, shaped articles such as, for example, film, fibers, bottles, and tubes, with excellent strength, toughness, clarity, chemical resistance, and UV resistance. The articles can be prepared from cycloaliphatic polyesters and from compositions comprising cycloaliphatic polyesters and cycloaliphatic polyester elastomers. The articles may be oriented by stretching in at least one direction and have a modulus which results in a soft feel. Also disclosed are polyester compositions comprising cycloaliphatic polyesters and polyester elastomers.

Abstract: A mold for a golf ball includes an upper portion (1) and a lower portion (3). A large number of projections (7) for dimple formation are provided on a cavity surface (5) of each of the upper portion (1) and the lower portion (3). A parting surface (8) of the upper portion (1) and the lower portion (3) has a concavo-convex shape. The parting surface (8) includes a first horizontal plane (13), a second horizontal plane (15) and an inclined surface (17). Circumferential central angles ? of the first horizontal plane (13) and the second horizontal plane (15) are 55 degrees or less. A total value ?? of the circumferential central angles ? is 30 degrees to 330 degrees. An inclination angle ? of the inclined surface (17) to a horizontal direction is 10 degrees to 60 degrees. A central angle ? between the horizontal planes (13) and (15) and an equator (E) is 1 degree to 8 degrees. A boundary corner portion of the horizontal planes (13) and (15) and the inclined surface (17) is subjected to rounding.

Abstract: An injection molding method and an injection mold used therefor are provided, in which a molded product free from burrs, whitening and gate marks can be obtained with a simple structure mold, and it can adequately serve the needs for multicavity molding as well. In the injection molding method, molten resin material is introduced and charged into a resin reservoir and a molding cavity of an injection mold, where a depth of the resin reservoir is larger than a thickness of a communicating portion. A cut punch is moved, when a portion of the resin material in the resin reservoir is still molten, to push the molten resin in the resin reservoir back from a gate into a runner so that the cut punch not only closes the communicating portion but also cuts a resin solidified portion in the resin reservoir away from a resin molded product in the molding cavity at the communicating portion.

Abstract: A horizontal cutter of double-bodied bottles attached to each other at a neck which comprises means (2) for advancing the bottles (3) and a cutting device (1) of the neck of the bottles. The cutting device (1) comprises a pair of blades (7), a pair of rotating plates (4) for drawing the bottles (3) along and a plurality of drive pulleys (9) in contact with the bottles (3), in such a way that as the rotating plates (4) move so do the bottles, at the same time rotating about their axes and in contact with the blades. The horizontal cutter ensures fast and effective cutting of the bottles, while occupying little space.

Abstract: A method for making figures/stripes on an article, including steps of: preparing a substrate; wrapping an outer surface of the substrate with a fiberglass fabric drenched with resin; placing at least one thin or slender covering material on an outer face of the fiberglass fabric, the substrate, fiberglass fabric and the covering material together forming a wrapping body; using a binding means to bind the wrapping body to harden and pattern the fiberglass fabric; taking off the binding means after the wrapping body is hardened and patterned, whereby the fiberglass fabric is hardened to form an inner layer, the covering material positioned on the inner layer and forming the figures/strips; painting an outer resin on an outer face of the wrapping body after the outer resin is hardened; and buffing the hardening layer to complete the article.

Abstract: An article of textile-soled footwear and method of making employ a simple fabrication process and apparatus that allows fabrication of the footwear outer shell via a single injection-molding step. The article of footwear has a textile layer at the ground-contacting surface of the outsole, the textile layer being moldably and integrally attached, in a common mold, to the molded outsole as it is being created during the injection process. Fasteners are set along the side of the sole plate of the injection mold to secure the textile layer across the sole plate and prevent it from being moved during injection of the moldable compound to form the outsole. The sole plate and the sidewalls of the injection mold are assembled in place for the injection process. The shoe upper is fitted onto the shoe last and set in place in the mold, the mold is closed, and the moldable compound is injected into the mold.

Abstract: An improved double wall tank has two or more threaded fittings, with a steel outer tank and a thermoplastic inner tank. The inner tank is formed within the outer tank by rotational molding. The inner tank is bonded to the outer tank in an area of the fittings, but is otherwise separate and apart from the outer tank. Before carrying out the rotational molding process, bonding material is applied to the outer tank in the area of the fittings. The thermoplastic material is in powder form and includes mold release material. The thermoplastic material is inserted into the outer tank before rotational molding. The degree of shrinkage of the inner tank can be controlled by air pressure including an area between the fittings.

Abstract: An automated flash/overflow removal system for the manufacturing of golf balls, including a gripping assembly mounted on a motion system. The gripping assembly includes a plurality of gripping members capable of clamping and releasing the flash/overflow from a golf ball mold portion.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a refrigerator door is disclosed. The method uses only a transparent plastic layer to make the refrigerator door. The present invention can simplify the manufacturing process, and reduce the number of parts required for the refrigerator door to reduce costs. Furthermore, an appearance pattern on the refrigerator door can be painted or printed onto the surface of the transparent plastic layer with different types, and a male mold of a vacuum forming machine can provide different shapes to make the refrigerator door into variety shapes. Moreover, because the appearance pattern can be painted or printed on the inner surface of the transparent plastic layer, the appearance pattern will not come off because of frequent touching.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for use in a fusion process for conduit. The method includes the steps of: removably positioning a first terminal edge of a first conduit portion with a first terminal edge of a second conduit portion; facing the terminal edges of the first conduit portion and the second conduit portion; aligning the terminal edges of the first conduit portion and the second conduit portion; melting at least a portion of the terminal edges of the first conduit portion and the second conduit portion; engaging the melted terminal edge of the first conduit portion with the melted terminal edge of the second conduit portion; maintaining pressure between the engaged terminal edges, thereby creating a fused joint area; and removing at least a portion of the resultant external bead extending around the fused joint area. A fusion apparatus for employing this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method of constructing a rail track on a concrete slab, the concrete slab is poured around anchor members for fixing tie plates supporting the rails of the rail track. The method includes the following steps: suspending the rails premounted on their tie plates above the location at which the concrete slab is to be poured, each tie plate including a base under which is disposed a temporary tie plate for accurately guiding the anchor members, adjusting the position of the rails, pouring the concrete slab up to the height of the temporary tie plates, raising the rails and removing the temporary tie plates, and accurately positioning the rails premounted on their tie plates on the concrete slab in their final position and fixing the tie plates to the anchor members.

Abstract: A female member of a snap fastener with tape comprising a female button made of synthetic resin which is integrally molded on front and back faces of the tape so as to hold a peripheral edge of an attachment hole of the tape having at least one attachment hole and which has an engaging opening to be engaged with a male button at a substantially center portion of the female button. The female button has at least one mold hole extending in a front and back direction of the tape, and at least one portion of the tape extends to an inside of the female button across the mold hole. At least one cut-out recessed in a diameter direction of the female button is defined in a portion of an inner peripheral engaging face of the engaging opening, and a gate burr is formed at a bottom face of the cut-out.

Abstract: An injection molded gasket has a longitudinally extending gasket body with laterally opposite sides and a plurality of longitudinally spaced retention nubs projecting laterally outwardly of the body from the opposite sides. At least one longitudinally extending ingate rib is formed on the gasket body and bridges at least two adjacent retention nubs. The ingate rib has a trimmed edge that extends outwardly of the body no further than that of the retention nubs located adjacent the ingate rib.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for molding a sealing surface of revolution on a molded part in first and second partable mold halves that mate at a major parting line plane. First and second mold inserts each have a sub-insert trim wheel component shaped to mold form the sealing surface of revolution when closed at a minor parting line plane. The sub-inserts are rotatable between a position flush with the major parting line plane and a starting position angularly offset therefrom. The mold cavity is filled with liquid molding material that is allowed to harden to at least a self-sustaining solidification strength. The sub-inserts are then rotated to thereby move any minor parting line flash toward a position angularly offset from their starting position. This rotation causes any parting line flash that might otherwise remain on the sealing surface to be removed from attachment to, and/or smeared smooth along, such surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing a molded article having a substrate material and skin material may include a first die that receives and supports the substrate material and a second die that receives and supports the skin material. The first die is arranged and constructed to engage the first die. A cutter may be provided on the first molding die. The cutter can be actuated when the second die moves toward the first die in order to partially cut away the substrate material.

Abstract: A magnetic tape cassette and a guide roller in which the magnetic tape can stably travel and the magnetic head can read/write the record correctly, and a method of manufacturing the guide roller are provided. The magnetic tape cassette of the present invention comprises a guide roller 106 rotatably supported by the lower cassette half. The guide roller is almost in the shape of a barrel of which a coefficient of curvature T expressed by the expression [1] representing the extent of curvature of the circumferential surface is in the range between 0.001 and 0.01, and comprises a primary molding and injected resin injected within the primary molding for bulging said primary molding into the shape of said barrel shaped cavity that has a largest diameter at the parting line by the injection pressure.

Abstract: Golf ball 1 includes a core 2 and a cover 3. The core 2 has two layers including a center 4 and a mid layer 5. The mid layer 5 is formed by covering the center 4 with two half shells comprising a rubber composition, and by compression and heating of the center 4 and half shells in a mold. The rubber composition contains solid particles dispersed therein. The solid particles have a ratio “D/T”, i.e., a ratio of the particle size D to the thickness of the mid layer T, of equal to or greater than 0.3. Upon molding, the solid particles inhibit the center 4 to approach a cavity face. Accordingly, deviation of mass of the mid layer 5 can be suppressed. The solid particles have a ratio “W/T”, i.e., a ratio of the radial width W thereof to the thickness of the mid layer T, of from 0.3 to 1.0.

Abstract: An integrated sensor and electronics package wherein a micro-electromechanical sensor die is bonded to one side of the package substrate, one or more electronic chips are bonded to an opposite side of the package substrate, internal electrical connections run from the sensor die, through the package substrate, and to the one or more electronic chips, and input/output connections on the package substrate are electrically connected to one or more of the electronic chips.

Abstract: A multi-material runner gate system allows effective de-gating of elastomeric materials that would otherwise stretch and/or flex reducing de-gating forces at the gate upon separation of the molds.

Abstract: A spatially-resolved spectrometer is used to measure streaking in molded sample plastic parts produced using a molding tool with various mold inserts which produce certain desired topological surface features upon these sample plastic parts. The measurements from one or more of these sample plastic parts are then provided to a computerized device which appropriately filters the data and calculates overall data shape, average peak and valley shift, and a quality number indicative of data slopes. These calculations are then used to determine an optimum set of ingredients and processing conditions to be used for the full-scale plastic part production.

Abstract: A hybrid stent is formed which exhibits both high flexibility and high radial strength. The expandable hybrid stent for implantation in a body lumen, such as a coronary artery, consists of radially expandable cylindrical rings generally aligned on a common longitudinal axis and interconnected by one or more links. In one embodiment, a dip-coated covered stent is formed by encapsulating cylindrical rings within a polymer material. In other embodiments, at least some of the rings and links are formed of a polymer material which provides longitudinal and flexural flexibility to the stent. These polymer rings and links are alternated with metallic rings and links in various configurations to attain sufficient column strength along with the requisite flexibility in holding open the target site within the body lumen. Alternatively, a laminated, linkless hybrid stent is formed by encapsulating cylindrical rings within a polymer tube.

Abstract: A process for producing a golf ball which includes the steps of placing a rubber composition into the cavity of a mold having an upper portion and a lower portion, clamping the upper portion and the lower portion together at a moving velocity of from 0.03. mm/s to 1.0 mm/s, causing excess rubber composition to flow out from the cavities; and unclamping the mold and removing from the mold cavity spherical bodies and associated rubber flashers formed in the mold cavities.

Abstract: A wide-mouth plastic container is formed from a preform that is blow-molded to form an intermediate container article that has blown threads located below a moil. The moil is severed above the blown threads to yield the finished container. A preform and process for manufacturing the wide-mouth container are disclosed.

Abstract: A golf ball 1 has a core 2 and a cover 3. For molding a core 2, a rubber composition is extruded from a kneading machine, and cut at a predetermined length to obtain a preforming material. The preforming material is placed in a mold and the mold is clamped. An upper portion and lower portion of the mold mate for more than or equal to 15 seconds, and thereafter they are unclamped until a clearance between the upper and lower portions becomes from 3 mm to 8 mm, then, the mold is shut. The shutting time is determined to be from 0.5 second to 5.0 seconds. By this unclamping of the mold, a residual air in a spherical cavity is released, which results in elimination of defective products.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a safety helmet, including forming, through a process of injection molding using a single mold, a basic safety helmet comprising a basic outer shell having a brim integrally formed with a dome. The brim of the basic safety helmet may have a uniform and constant width, or a variable width around a lower perimeter of the dome. The method also includes selectively removing portions of the basic safety helmet after the basic safety helmet is formed to produce a modified safety helmet.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a refrigerator door is disclosed. The method uses only a transparent plastic layer to make the refrigerator door. The present invention can simplify the manufacturing process, and reduce the number of parts required for the refrigerator door to reduce costs. Furthermore, an appearance pattern on the refrigerator door can be painted or printed onto the surface of the transparent plastic layer with different types, and a male mold of a vacuum forming machine can provide different shapes to make the refrigerator door into variety shapes. Moreover, because the appearance pattern can be painted or printed on the inner surface of the transparent plastic layer, the appearance pattern will not come off because of frequent touching.

Abstract: A fin is formed using a set of sectional molds, in which two material injecting units are provided to simultaneously inject two different types of raw materials into the molds, so that a blade portion and a foot pocket portion of the fin are formed at the instant of injection to produce a complete fin. The two injecting units may be separately preset or adjusted to optimal injecting time and pressure according to flow rates of the two types of raw materials in molten state, so that the molded blade portion and foot pocket portion are fully connected together to have an optimal bonding strength between them.

Abstract: An automated flash/overflow removal system for the manufacturing of golf balls, comprising a gripping assembly mounted on an motion system. The gripping assembly comprises a plurality of gripping members capable of clamping and releasing the flash/overflow from a golf ball mold portion.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed which decrease the time between de-molding a lens and initiating a hard coating process. The de-molded lens at a de-mold temperature TM is transported away from a mold. A dip tank is maintained at a temperature TD, where TD is less than TM, wherein the dip tank includes a liquid including a primer or a hard coat solution. The lens is dipped into the dip tank wherein the lens has a temperature TL greater than TD, so that intermediate cooling, cleaning, destaticizing and delays associated therewith are avoided. Other methods eliminate many conventional process steps and may include drying raw material to decrease primer coating times and employing robotic systems for carrying out the methods.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a plastic fuel tank from two shells formed by molding, which are joined together, at least one shell being produced by compression-molding a portion of a plastic sheet between a mold and a punch and by the remaining portion of the sheet being blow-molded in the region not compression-molded.

Abstract: A method for forming a plurality of composite parts via resin transfer molding in a single molding cycle. The method includes the steps of using a mold having first and second mold members that cooperate to house a plurality of shims and placing a plurality of preform workpiece into the mold cavity such that at least one of the shims is disposed between each of an adjacent pair of the preform workpieces. A liquid resin is then injected into the mold cavity and subsequently cured to thereby form a cured workpiece matrix that is composed of a plurality of semi-finished composite parts and at least one shim separating the plurality of semi-finished composite parts from one another.

Abstract: The ceramic builder based investment is coloured to simulate naturally prepared tooth dentin. Upon final set, the solid refractory dies are fired to enable them to receive porcelain. The expansion and contraction of the refractory die upon temperature fluctuations, is correlated with the corresponding porcelains' expansion. This correlation of the materials enables the restoration to maintain proper form and shape through multiple firings. The primary basis of this invention is the ability to colour (chromatize) individual refractory dies to simulate natural prepared teeth from the dentist.

Abstract: A cylindrical concrete receiver 10 is caused to project from a top section 3 of a body section 11 forming a frame 2. When concrete 5 is filled in the body section 11, part of the concrete 5 is caused to overflow inside the concrete receiver 10 and then, pressure is applied to the concrete 5 overflowed in the concrete receiver 10 by a weight 12.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a panel unit having a curved panel and a directly extruded molding. The peripheral edge of the curved panel is moved relative to an extrusion port of an extrusion molding die and a resin molding material is simultaneously extruded directly onto a peripheral edge of the curved panel. While extruding the molding material, the peripheral edge of the curved panel is tilted in response to movement of the curved panel relative to the extrusion port in order to maintain a constant angle between the peripheral edge of the curved panel and the extrusion port.

Abstract: A hybrid stent is formed which exhibits both high flexibility and high radial strength. The expandable hybrid stent for implantation in a body lumen, such as a coronary artery, consists of radially expandable cylindrical rings generally aligned on a common longitudinal axis and interconnected by one or more links. In one embodiment, a dip-coated covered stent is formed by encapsulating cylindrical rings within a polymer material. In other embodiments, at least some of the rings and links are formed of a polymer material which provides longitudinal and flexural flexibility to the stent. These polymer rings and links are alternated with metallic rings and links in various configurations to attain sufficient column strength along with the requisite flexibility in holding open the target site within the body lumen. Alternatively, a laminated, linkless hybrid stent is formed by encapsulating cylindrical rings within a polymer tube.

Abstract: A method for treating workpieces (307, 801, 802, 803) to be injection moulded in a production process comprises a step for forming a workpiece (307, 801, 802, 803) by injection moulding so that during the injection moulding, the workpiece is fastened to a given elongated transport arrangement (301, 302, 304, 305, 306). The workpiece (307, 801, 802, 803) is moved forwards in the production process by means of the elongated transport arrangement (301, 302). Subsequently the fastening (311) of the workpiece (307, 801, 802, 803) is partly detached from the elongated transport arrangement (305, 306) and the workpiece (307, 801, 802, 803) is fastened, supported by the fastening remaining between itself and the transport arrangement, into a position where it is substantially outside a plane (800) defined by the transport arrangement.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a PVC ornamental article having effects of imitated materials includes steps of: (a) mold casting: making a prototype of a desired ornamental article, exploding said prototype into a plurality of blank elements, coating said blank elements with silicone to form hollow silicone molds, injecting a wax material into said hollow silicone molds to obtain a wax object, taking out said wax object for trimming and electroplating said wax object, and melting said wax object to obtain a mold; (b) blank formation: adding colorants into said PVC plastic material and mixing said colorants to obtain desired colors, injecting said PVC plastic material into said mold, utilizing centrifugal force to affix said PVC plastic material onto an inner wall of said mold, and removing molded PVC from said mold to form a blank by force before said molded PVC dries, filling a filler into said blank to increase hardness; and (c) assembly: assembling blanks together and joining the blanks with other decorations to

Abstract: A system comprising a scavenging blade, a printed wiring board receiving portion, and a movement mechanism adapted to move the scavenging blade and printed wiring board receiving portion relative to each other, and to a method of removing excess fill material comprising providing a printed wiring board having filled holes and at least some excess fill material on a surface of the printed wiring board, providing a system comprising a scavenging blade, positioning the printed wiring board in the system, and causing the scavenging blade to traverse at least a portion of the printed wiring board in a manner that causes the scavenging blade to remove at least a portion of the excess fill material from the printed wiring board.

Abstract: An injection molding system for molding a hollow plastic article employs a hollow mold core having a longitudinal axis and a core runner cavity that has a uniform cross section throughout and which extends to the open end of the mold core. The mold core includes at least one core ejection gate and at least one core inlet gate leading from the outer surface of the core wall to the core runner cavity. When molding is performed in stages, there is it least one core ejection gate for each stage of molding. The core is clamped in between separate sets of molding blocks for each stage of molding. A core end closure cap having a core extension cavity aligned with the core runner cavity is used to close the open end of the mold core. A molten plastic is injected into the outer molding blocks and is confined to travel through the core inlet gate of the core without entering the mold cavity directly so that the molten plastic is forced to pass through the core runner cavity in order to reach the core ejection gates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a panel unit including a panel and a directly extruded molding. The peripheral edge of a panel is moved along a predetermined orbital path with respect to an extrusion port of a molding die, and a resin molding material is simultaneously extruded directly onto the peripheral edge of the panel. The directly extruded molding has a predetermined external dimension, irrespective of the external dimension of the panel.

Abstract: An injection molded gasket has a longitudinally extending gasket body with laterally opposite sides and a plurality of longitudinally spaced retention nubs projecting laterally outwardly of the body from the opposite sides. At least one longitudinally extending ingate rib is formed on the gasket body and bridges at least two adjacent retention nubs. The ingate rib has a trimmed edge that extends outwardly of the body no further than that of the retention nubs located adjacent the ingate rib.

Abstract: A system for removing from a molding tool a runner assembly having a plurality of molded parts that are connected to a runner via gates and subsequently degating the plurality of molded parts from the runner is provided. The system includes a source of ultrasonic energy and a robot arm assembly. The robot arm assembly is configured to remove the runner assembly from the molding tool and to position the runner assembly proximate the source of ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing fouling materials from the surface of a plurality of porous membranes (9) arranged in a membrane module (4) by providing, from within the module, by means (10) other than gas passing through the pores of said membranes, gas bubbles in a uniform distribution relative to the porous membrane array such that the bubbles move past the surfaces of the membranes (9) to dislodge fouling materials therefrom. The membranes (9) are arranged in close proximity to one another and mounted to prevent excessive movement therebetween. The bubbles also produce vibration and rubbing together of the membranes to further assist removal of fouling materials.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for fabricating Si/SiC parts for use in the microelectronics manufacturing industry. The method includes providing a SiC powder. The method also includes providing a polymer binder and mixing the SiC powder and the polymer binder to form a part using an SLS process.

Abstract: Method for producing a power drive belt having drive teeth on both sides of the belt. The teeth include abrasion resistant facing fabric on both sides of the belt. The power drive teeth are molded on both sides of the belt slab in a planar mold having power teeth-forming recesses in first and second mold halves. In a preferred method, a portion of the belt is transfer molded by pressing tooth stock material through the cord layer and another portion of the belt is compression molded. The mold is provided with edge channels and/or waste pockets to accommodate excess tooth forming material generated during the molding process.