Abstract: A process for brasquing cells for the fused electrolysis of alumina from the recovery of used brasques by treating the ground carbon-containing and refractory products of the base and walls by a known method with filtration of the insoluble constituents, distinguished by the fact that the base and lateral walls are covered by a heat-insulating bed formed by a mixture of carbon, NaF, CaF.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and CaSO.sub.4, and by the fact that the cathode resting on the heat-insulating bed and containing the electrically conductive elements is formed from a brasque paste consisting of carbon, NaF, CaF.sub.2, AlF.sub.3, Na.sub.2 O and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 associated with a binder which may be pitch.The qualities of the aluminum obtained from this cell are unchanged in relation to conventional processes.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for lining articles are disclosed which are particularly well-suited for use in lining melting ovens. The arrangement includes a mold member which is composed of several relatively movable sections so as to permit the dimensions thereof to be changed. For the lining of an oven chamber, the mold member has an external surface the configuration of which corresponds to the inner wall of the oven chamber. This surface is coated with a refractory-containing composition, which is releasably secured over the surface. In coating the mold member the composition is made up in a flowable or plastic state, applied over the external surface of the mold member in this state, and then hardened, for instance, by heating. The composition is of such a nature that the temperatures required for hardening the same are sufficiently low to avoid undesirable effects on the mold member.

Abstract: A process for removing dust produced in the lining of casting ladles wherein a slinging mass is slung between the inner walls of the ladle and an opposing template whereby a free space is defined between the ladle wall and the template which free space contains dust which process involves sucking the dust in the free space from a point near the upper edge of the template into a region behind the template; an apparatus for performing such a process comprising a template, a suction conduit inside said template having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being in fluid communication with particles disposed near the upper edge of said template, the suction conduit including filtering means for filtering out entrained particles from air sucked therethrough, the filtering means including means for collecting filtered particles, the outlet end of the suction conduit includes means for sucking air therethrough.

Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating the conveyance of material and the erection of walls of closed circumference from bricks, such as refractory bricks, and particularly for lining converters, metallurgical furnaces, such as blast-furnaces, holding vessels etc. includes a vertical frame for supporting a working platform. The apparatus further includes a conveyer means comprising a vertical conveyance path for conveying material to the platform and a supply path for conveying material to the vertical conveyance path. The vertical conveyance path and the supply path are constituted by two runs of an endless conveyor. One of the runs is extendable by shortening of the other run and vice versa.

Abstract: A method of repairing an injured portion of a refractory furnace-lining characterized by cutting off the injured portion of said lining through the furnace shell using a specific supersonic flame jet cutter; inserting a rigid refractory lining block having a shape which is similar to that of the through-cut hole of the furnace body; and welding the surrounding periphery of the inserted block to the contact surface of said through-cut hole using the above-mentioned supersonic flame jet cutter as a welder, followed by repairing the outside cut-off shell portion of the furnace body.

Abstract: A refractory element of a slide closure includes a metal support element and a refractory plate mounted therein by a solidifiable refractory mass. The plate is first positioned at a desired location within the support element, without refractory mass, by an auxiliary device including spacers. The auxiliary device is then released, the plate is removed, and the refractory mass is added. The plate is then again added and placed in the previously determined location by the auxiliary device, and held thereat until the mass solidifies.

Abstract: Basic refractory shapes in selected critical wear areas of a working lining in a basic oxygen furnace are protected from spalling due to thermal shock during "burn-in" and initial operation of the working lining and during the early part of a furnace campaign. A plurality of securing means comprising relatively thin, elongated, flat, generally rectangular anchors are positioned in selected joints in the working lining during installation. The anchors extend a distance beyond the hot faces of the working lining. A reticulated reinforcing means comprising a metallic grid is fastened to the anchors in spaced relationship to the hot faces. A layer of a pulverulent basic refractory material having a thickness sufficient to cover the anchors and metallic grid is sprayed over the working lining in the critical wear areas. The layer of sprayed material provides an effective insulation over the basic refractory shapes in the critical wear areas during "burn-in" of the working lining in the furnace.

Abstract: A ceramic fiber mat attached to the interior wall or surface of a high temperature chamber of furnace or adapted to overlie an intermediate insulating member positioned between the mat and a furnace wall, the fibers in the mat lying in planes generally perpendicular to the wall, the mat constituting an improved insulation for the wall where the interior of the chamber or furnace will be operating at temperatures in excess of 1600.degree. F.

Abstract: A high temperature insulating structure adapted for use in a vibratile structure such as a manifold reactor or the like for automobiles, said structure consisting of two walls defining therebetween a space filled with heat insulating material, said material being formed by firing a slurry prepared by mixing a water solution of a phosphate compound and a heat resisting material consisting of 20 - 70 % by weight of silicon dioxide, 15 - 80 % by weight of aluminium oxide, and 0 - 30 % by weight of magnesium oxide.

Abstract: An externally heated cast iron vessel, intended for containing a reactive molten metal, such as aluminum, is made resistant to attack by the molten metal, thereby increasing its useful service life and minimizing contamination of the melt, by lining the inside of the cast iron shell with a plurality of inert self-supporting, refractory plates, of for example, graphite, in such manner that the plates are free to move along their joints as well as relative to the shell upon thermal expansion, and permitting the molten metal to penetrate behind the lining through the joints and crevices therein opened by thermal expansion, thereby producing a refractory layer, in situ in the space between said lining and the inside surface of said cast iron shell, comprising a solid (FeAl.sub.3) reaction product of iron and said molten metal.

Abstract: In order to prevent breakage of a quartz fluidized bed reactor utilized in the production of silicon, the reactor is cooled as soon as a thin layer of silicon is formed on the reactor walls and then reheated to continue silicon growth. In this manner, the thin layer of silicon shatters and forms a weak foundation for subsequent silicon deposition on the reactor wall when the silicon deposition is continued. Subsequently deposited silicon on the walls continuously peels off without breaking the reactor.

Abstract: A method of lining molten metal vessels and spouts with refractories, characterized in that refractories having adjusted grain size are thrown in the outer frame of a top opened vessels and spouts for molten metal and an inner molding frame for lining, which is provided with a vibrator and able to be imposed with loads, is mounted on said refractories and settled down to the prescribed position in the outer frame while vibrated and loaded, so that the internal circumference of the beforementioned outer frame can be lined with the refractories.

Abstract: A carbon black reactor employing a dished head at its feed inlet, this head comprising a sprung arch dome and an interpositioned layer of insulation.

Abstract: Improved periclase refractories are prepared by using an alkyd resin binder for tempering and pressing periclase grains into refractory shapes such as bricks. The pressed shapes are dried and fired. After firing, the refractory shapes are impregnated under vacuum with molten pitch and can then be used as lining in basic oxygen steelmaking furnaces. The fired refractory bricks have a greatly improved modulus of rupture at 1482.degree.C. of 3000-4000 p.s.i. The alkyd resin is generally incorporated in amounts of 2.5 to 4.5 weight percent.The green strength of the alkyd resin bonded bricks can be improved by adding a strong organic acid to the alkyd resin prior to mixing it with periclase grains. The green strength of bricks produced from such a mixture is between 30 and 40 p.s.i.

Abstract: Linings for furnaces or ovens are made by cutting a sheet of refractory fibrous material having fibers extending longitudinally parallel therein into strips that extend laterally, then turning the strips through 90.degree. so the fibers are end-on, compressing the fiber end-on strips together to form a hot-face surface and attaching the strips at their base to a support.