Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method or a platform for hydrogel-based 3D fabrication, wherein the hydrogel is patterned with a programmable femtosecond light sheet with a power density of 0.1 to 100 TW/cm2.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a panel. of the method may involve supplying a substrate having an upper side. A layer may be provided onto the upper side. The upper side may be irradiated so as to cure at least a part of the layer by irradiation, hence forming the panel. The layer may include a liquid coating on substantially the entire upper side and a substance which is digitally printed locally on the upper side. The substance and the liquid coating may cooperate such that either (1) the coating and the substance react with each other, whereas the substance is a liquid that is printed on the upper side before the coating is applied and wherein the substance and the coating have different surface tensions, or (2) the coating is non-curable or only curable to a limited extent by the irradiation, whereas the substance makes the coating curable by the irradiation at locations where they meet each other.

Abstract: A tool for cutting a substrate and method of use. The tool has a blade with a distal cutting tip at least one shoulder on one side of and proximal the cutting tip. The cutting tip and shoulder are positioned so that when cutting, at least a portion of the at least one shoulder is in contact with at least one cut edge of the substrate defined by a cut line formed by penetrating the substrate thickness with the cutting tip. A heater heats the blade shoulder to a temperature that causes the portion of the shoulder in contact with the cut edge of the substrate to seal the cut edge. The method includes heating the blade, penetrating the substrate with the cutting tip with a portion of the shoulder contacting the substrate, and moving the blade relative to the substrate.

Abstract: A method controls an additive manufacturing apparatus, in which an object is built by consolidating material in a layer-by-layer manner. The method includes receiving commands to be executed by the additive manufacturing apparatus to cause the additive manufacturing apparatus to carry out a build of an object, wherein each command includes an identifier identifying a time during the build at which the command is to be executed, and executing each command on the additive manufacturing apparatus in accordance with the time identified by the associated identifier. Further, an apparatus and a data carrier carry out the method.

Abstract: A resin powder for solid freeform fabrication, having a melting point of 100 degrees C. or higher as measured according to ISO 3146 regulation and a ratio of melt mass-flow rate B to melt mass-flow rate A of greater than 0.80 to 1.20, wherein the melt mass-flow rate A and the melt mass-flow rate B are respectively measured at 15 degrees C. higher than the melting point under a load of 2.16 kg according to JIS K7210 format before and after the resin powder is maintained at a temperature 15 degrees C. lower than the melting point under a pressure of 0.1 kPa for four hours.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing particles, including the steps: introducing, into a reaction chamber, at least one reaction flow including a first chemical element and propagating in a direction of flow; projecting a radiation beam through the reaction chamber, intersecting each reaction stream in one interaction area per reaction flow, to form, in each reaction flow, particle cores including the first chemical element; and introducing, into the reaction chamber, a second chemical element interacting with each reaction flow to cover the particle cores with a layer including the second chemical element. Each reaction flow is preferably free of any agent oxidizing the first chemical element. Preferably a ratio of one atom of the second element is introduced per unit of time for at least two atoms of the first element introduced per unit of time. The second element is preferably introduced in at least one confined flow.

Abstract: A seal and seal assembly for a fluid pressure pulse generating tool. The seal comprises an annular seal section comprising an internal sealing surface and an external sealing surface; and an annular heel section. The seal assembly comprises a seal assembly housing with a longitudinally extending bore therethrough for receiving a driveshaft of the tool and the seal enclosed by the seal assembly housing and configured to surround a portion of the driveshaft. The internal sealing surface of the seal is configured to be in sealing contact with the driveshaft and the external sealing surface of the seal is configured to be in sealing contact with an internal surface of the seal assembly housing. The annular heel section of the seal is configured to provide an interference fit with the driveshaft or with the internal surface of the seal assembly housing.

Abstract: A powder bed fusion apparatus has an energy beam emitting section for outputting an energy beam, a thin layer forming section for forming a thin layer of a powder material, preliminary heating means for pre-heating the thin layer of the powder material, and control means for controlling modeling, wherein the control means performs forming the thin layer of the powder material, pre-heating the thin layer of the powder material, and modeling based on slice data, in which irradiation of the energy beam is started from the central region of the thin layer, and sequentially moved to a peripheral region of the thin layer.

Abstract: Provided are a laser-welded structure and a laser welding method for a cover and a housing ensuring high reliability and suppressing changes in characteristics due to burrs protruding into a subpassage of the flow sensor. To this end, this flow sensor is provided with a housing, a cover, a circuit chamber sealed between these and housing electronic components or wiring, and a subpassage through which the fluid flows that is to be sensed, and is characterized in that there are projections provided on both ends of the joining section of the cover where the housing and the cover are laser-welded, and the height of the projection on the subpassage side is greater than the height of the projection on the side opposite of the subpassage.

Abstract: A laser processing device converges laser light at an object to be processed so as to form a modified region within the object along a line to cut. The laser processing device comprises a laser light source emitting the laser light, a spatial light modulator modulating the laser light emitted from the laser light source, and a converging optical system converging the laser light modulated by the spatial light modulator at the object. The spatial light modulator displays an axicon lens pattern as a modulation pattern so as to form converging points at a plurality of positions juxtaposed close to each other along a laser light irradiation direction.

Abstract: A flow sensor includes an auxiliary channel having an opening into which a fluid to be measured is taken; a sensor element that measures the flow of the fluid to be measured; a housing that accommodates electronic parts; and a resin cover. The flow sensor is configured such that junctions of the housing and the cover are formed in locations where first target weld portions, which are formed so that the circuit chamber is surrounded, face each other and second target weld portions, which are disposed for additional reinforcement of the joints, face each other on a bonding face of the housing and a bonding face of the cover with a step being provided. The positioning of the housing and the cover is determined, and the first target weld portions are welded to each other and second target weld portions are welded to each other by way of laser radiation.

Abstract: One exemplary aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of forming a friction material. The method includes depositing a plurality of particles on a substrate such that the particles provide a plurality of projections and channels between adjacent projections. This disclosure also relates to the friction material itself, and a system including a mechanical component and the friction material.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for multi-stage printing teaches means for removing and replacing a printed component during the printing process and accurately placing the component in the printer for continuation of the printing process. This can be accomplished through the use of a scanner, probe machine, or scanning Additionally, the present invention teaches the use of heating means in combination with a 3D printer to overcome additional issues with multi-sage printing.

Abstract: A system/method allowing hydrophilicity alteration of a polymeric material (PM) is disclosed. The PM hydrophilicity alteration changes the PM characteristics by decreasing the PM refractive index, increasing the PM electrical conductivity, and increasing the PM weight. The system/method incorporates a laser radiation source that generates tightly focused laser pulses within a three-dimensional portion of the PM to affect these changes in PM properties. The system/method may be applied to the formation of customized intraocular lenses comprising material (PLM) wherein the lens created using the system/method is surgically positioned within the eye of the patient. The implanted lens refractive index may then be optionally altered in situ with laser pulses to change the optical properties of the implanted lens and thus achieve optimal corrected patient vision. This system/method permits numerous in situ modifications of an implanted lens as the patient's vision changes with age.

Abstract: Absorbable implants for breast surgery that conform to the breast parenchyma and surrounding chest wall have been developed. These implants support newly lifted breast parenchyma, and/or a breast implant. The implants have mechanical properties sufficient to support a reconstructed breast, and allow the in-growth of tissue into the implant as it degrades. The implants have a strength retention profile allowing the support of the breast to be transitioned from the implant to regenerated host tissue, without significant loss of support. Three-dimensional implants for use in minimally invasive mastopexy/breast reconstruction procedures are also described, that confer shape to a patient's breast. These implants are self-reinforced, can be temporarily deformed, implanted in a suitably dissected tissue plane, and resume their preformed three-dimensional shape. The implants are preferably made from poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) and copolymers thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for continuous flow production of nanometric or sub-micrometric powders under the action of laser pyrolysis by interaction between a beam emitted by a laser and a flow of reagents emitted by at least one injector, wherein the laser is followed by an optical device allowing the energy of the beam to be distributed along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the flow of reagents, in an elongated cross-section with adjustable dimensions at least at one interaction area between this beam and the flow of reagents emitted by at least two injectors located perpendicularly to the axis of the beam. It also concerns a method for producing such powders.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an interposed substrate is provided. A photoresist layer is formed on a metal carrier. The photoresist layer has plural of openings exposing a portion of the metal carrier. Plural of metal passivation pads and plural of conductive pillars are formed in the openings. The metal passivation pads cover a portion of the metal carrier exposed by openings. The conductive pillars are respectively stacked on the metal passivation pads. The photoresist layer is removed to expose another portion of the metal carrier. An insulating material layer is formed on the metal cattier. The insulating material layer covers the another portion of the metal carrier and encapsulates the conductive pillars and the metal passivation pads. An upper surface of the insulating material layer and a top surface of each conductive pillar are coplanar. The metal carrier is removed to expose a lower surface of the insulating material layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a near-net shape erosion shield, a method of forming a shielded article, and a near-net shape erosion shield are provided. The method of fabricating a near-net shape erosion shield includes providing a base, positioning an energy source relative to the base, and depositing at least one wear resistant material over the base with an energy beam from the energy source. The at least one wear resistant material deposited on the base forms the near-net shape erosion shield configured to be positioned on a turbine component. The method of forming a shielded article includes removing the base from the near-net shape erosion shield, and securing the near-net shape erosion shield to a turbine component. The near-net shape erosion shield includes a near-net shape erosion-resistant portion configured to be positioned on a turbine component.

Abstract: A photocurable resin composition for three-dimensional photofabrication operations, including stereolithography, comprising (A) a cationically polymerizable compound having two or more bisphenol structures and one or more hydroxyl groups, (B) a cationically polymerizable compound other than the component (A), (C) a cationic photoinitiator, (D) a radically polymerizable compound, (E) a radical photoinitiator, and (F) multilayer polymer particles having a core and a shell layer, the shell layer containing functional group-modified rubber polymer particles having at least one reactive functional group.

Abstract: In a method for re-imaging a printing form that has been used for printing in a prior printing process a substrate of the printing form is cleaned globally of ink or varnish and the substrate is treated abrasively globally in order to erase a preceding printing image. The substrate to be imaged with a new printing image is treated locally in image regions with a pulsed laser beam and, in the process, a nanoscopic and hydrophobic surface structure is produced locally. The substrate is treated globally with a hydrophilicity intensifier, as a result of which the substrate becomes hydrophilic locally in the previously hydrophobic image regions. An apparatus has a corresponding erasing unit and an imaging unit with a femtosecond laser.

Abstract: The present invention provides a laser processing method comprising the steps of attaching a protective tape 25 to a front face 3 of a wafer 1a, irradiating a substrate 15 with laser light L while employing a rear face of the wafer 1a as a laser light entrance surface and locating a light-converging point P within the substrate 15 so as to form a molten processed region 13 due to multiphoton absorption, causing the molten processed region 13 to form a cutting start region 8 inside by a predetermined distance from the laser light entrance surface along a line 5 along which the object is intended to be cut in the wafer 1a, attaching an expandable tape 23 to the rear face 21 of the wafer 1a, and expanding the expandable tape 23 so as to separate a plurality of chip parts 24 produced upon cutting the wafer 1a from the cutting start region 8 acting as a start point from each other.

Abstract: A method for producing a three dimensional green article includes: (a) providing a slurry composition that contains an inorganic powder, a binder, and a solvent; (b) forming a slurry layer made of the slurry composition; (c) removing the solvent of the slurry layer from an upper surface of the slurry layer so as to form the slurry layer into a green layer with a plurality of pores; (d) scanning the green layer with an energy beam having a power sufficient to vaporize or burn the binder such that the vaporized binder or the burnt binder escapes from the green layer through the pores, while leaving the inorganic powder which is not bound by the binder; and (e) repeating steps (b) to (d).

Abstract: This disclosure provides economical and effective methods and apparatus for repairing scratches and scuffs on refillable bottle surfaces that minimally contaminates the bottle during the refurbishing process. In one aspect, the method comprises the steps of: a) adding at least one fluid into the polymeric packaging material such as a bottle to form at least a partially filled packaging material; and b) applying at least one heat source to an exterior surface of the at least partially filled packaging material to form a repaired polymeric packaging material. Apparatus and recycling systems that incorporate this method are also disclosed.

Abstract: An inexpensive pulse laser device that outputs a laser pulse capable of welding a transparent member is provided. There is provided a pulse laser device including: a laser light source 1 that outputs a repeated pulse laser; a demultiplexer 2 that demultiplexes the pulse laser output from the laser light source 1 into two pulse lasers; first pulse train generation means 3 that generates a first pulse train by changing at least a peak power and/or a pulse width of one of the two pulse lasers demultiplexed by the demultiplexer 2; and a multiplexer 4 that multiplexes the other of the two pulse lasers demultiplexed by the demultiplexer 2 and the first pulse train generated by the first pulse train generation means 3, in which a pulse laser in which a low-peak power pulse laser is superimposed on a high-peak power ultra-short pulse laser is output.

Abstract: A method for making a variable-density carbon nanotube film is provided. A drawn carbon nanotube film, including a number of carbon nanotubes aligned along an aligned direction, is prepared. A number of thin regions are formed in the drawn carbon nanotube film along the aligned direction by reducing density of carbon nanotubes in each of the plurality of thin regions. A variable-density carbon nanotube film is provided and includes a number of thin regions and at least one normal region having a density of carbon nanotubes greater than that of the thin regions. The at least one normal region includes a number of carbon nanotubes substantially aligned along an aligned direction. The thin regions are arranged in the form of at least one row extending along the aligned direction.

Abstract: A molding method includes drawing cross-section elements of a three-dimensional object as a molding target on a drawing surface of a drawing stand with a liquid whose curing is precipitated by receiving activation energy as cross-section patterns; applying the activation energy to the liquid configuring the cross-section patterns in a state in which the cross-section patterns is pinched between the drawing stand and a molding stand; and detaching the cross-section patterns after being applied with the activation energy from the drawing stand and transferring the cross-section patterns to the molding stand side, wherein the drawing surface has a liquid repellent area that is an area representing liquid repellency for the liquid and a lyophilic area that is independently formed in an island shape within the liquid repellent area and is an area representing lyophillicity stronger than that of the liquid repellent area for the liquid.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate including a display region and a peripheral region, where the peripheral region surrounds the display region, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a resin layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the resin layer covers a surface of the second substrate, a first member disposed at a bottom surface of the second substrate corresponding to the peripheral region of the first substrate, where the first member covers a portion of the resin layer, and a second member which surrounds the first substrate, the second substrate, the first member and the resin layer, where the second member is disposed at opposing side portions of the second substrate, the second member is spaced apart from the first substrate, and the second member surrounds opposing side portions of the resin layer.

Abstract: Approaches for making a light-transmitting panel are disclosed. A panel is positioned on a support structure, and a stencil is positioned between a surface of the panel and a laser head. The stencil includes a plurality of openings. A defocused laser beam generated by the laser head is scanned over the openings in the stencil. The width of the defocused laser beam at a location at which the laser beam strikes the panel is at least as large as a size of the desired disruption, and the laser head is powered at a level and moved at a rate that creates a disruption in the surface of the panel at each opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers comprising absorption pigments, which are distinguished by the fact that they have high absorption in the near IR region, and to the use thereof, in particular in thermoforming and in IR light welding.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a plurality of fibers from (e.g., CVD) precursors, including a reactor adapted to grow a plurality of individual fibers; and a plurality of independently controllable lasers, each laser of the plurality of lasers growing a respective fiber. A high performance fiber (HPF) structure, including a plurality of fibers arranged in the structure; a matrix disposed between the fibers; wherein a multilayer coating is provided along the surfaces of at least some of the fibers with an inner layer region having a sheet-like strength; and an outer layer region, having a particle-like strength, such that any cracks propagating toward the outer layer from the matrix propagate along the outer layer and back into the matrix, thereby preventing the cracks from approaching the fibers.

Abstract: A lens for placement in a human eye, such as intraocular lens, has at least some of its optical properties formed with a laser. The laser forms modified loci in the lens when the modified loci have a different refractive index than the refractive index of the material before modification. Different patterns of modified loci can provide selected dioptic power, toric adjustment, and/or aspheric adjustment provided. Preferably both the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens are planar for ease of placement in the human eye.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for manufacturing a three dimensional (3D) part. In one implementation a system in accordance with the present disclosure may make use of an additive manufacturing (AM) subsystem for performing an AM operation to form the 3D part. The 3D part may be formed using a plurality of distinct material layers layered one on top of another. The system may also involve at least one of a laser peening (LP) subsystem and a High Velocity Laser Accelerated Deposition (HVLAD) subsystem. The LP subsystem may be used for laser peening a selected subquantity of the layers, to impart improved hardness to the selected subquantity of the layers and/or to the overall 3D part. The HVLAD subsystem may be used to bond at least one of the material layers to a previously laid down one of the material layers.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing polymeric intraluminal prostheses include annealing the polymeric material to selectively modify the crystallinity thereof. Annealing may be utilized to selectively modify various properties of the polymeric material of an intraluminal prosthesis, including: selectively increasing the modulus of the polymeric material; selectively increasing the hoop strength of the intraluminal prosthesis; selectively modifying the elution rate (increase or decrease) of a pharmacological agent subsequently disposed on or within the annealed polymeric material; selectively increasing/decreasing stress in the intraluminal prosthesis; and selectively modifying the polymeric material such that it erodes at a different rate.

Abstract: A die for the production of a surface-structured coating (finish) which can be bonded to a sheet-like substrate, in particular a leather, an imitation leather material, a textile material or a wood surface, and which is formed by application of a liquid plastic material to the surface of the die and subsequent solidification of the plastic material, the die having a surface structure corresponding to the surface structure of the coating, the surface comprising, on a substrate, surface structure elements which are arranged in a screen and may be in the form of elevations or depressions, wherein the surface structure of the die has an identification with the surface structure differing from the environment.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite material, including an assembly of one or a plurality of synthetic reinforcement fibres, impregnated with at least one thermoplastic polymer having a vitreous transition temperature Tg greater than or equal to 80° C. including: i) a step of impregnating said assembly with a precursor composition in the molten state and including: a) at least one prepolymer P(X)n of said thermoplastic polymer, including a molecular chain P having, at the ends n thereof, identical reactive functions X, said prepolymer having a semi-aromatic and/or semi-cycloaliphatic structure, b) at least one chain extender including two identical functions Y, which are reactive with at least one of said functions X; ii) a step of polymerisation by mass (poly)addition, in the molten state, of said prepolymer with said chain extender, with said thermoplastic polymer of the thermoplastic matrix being the result of said polymerisation by mass polyaddition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming a mouth roll (2) to a cup (1) made of plastic-coated board and to the cup provided with a mouth roll produced by the method. The mouth roll for stiffening the cup is produced with a suitable striking tool bending the board at the mouth of the cup. In accordance with the invention, the mouth roll is additionally stabilized by melting the plastic coating (8) of the board under heat so that the opposite surfaces of the board adhere to each other by heat-sealing in the area of the roll. Melting can be performed e.g. by hot-air blasting directed to the mouth roll at is production stage.

Abstract: A X-Y plane is a plane parallel to abutting surfaces on which a joining portion is formed, and a Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane. A sealing member is held between the outer circumference side of a guide provided on a lid body and the inner circumference side of a rib provided on a case, and is pressed in a direction parallel to the X-Y plane. Laser light is scanned on the inner circumference side with respect to a ring-shaped pressurization jig with a stopper pressurized by the pressurization jig, so the pressurization jig does not break the path of the laser light. This expands the range of options in the material for the pressurization jig, which enables an easy-maintenance jig to be used, improving productivity.

Abstract: A method of wrapping a plurality of mandrels with a composite material can include rotating each mandrel at a rotational speed; translating each mandrel at a translation speed; positioning each mandrel back to back such that an aft face of a preceding mandrel is approximate to a forward face of a trailing mandrel; and sequentially wrapping each mandrel with the composite material in a helical orientation.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention provide a method for imprinting fonts on a flexible key cap. In some embodiments, the method for imprinting font on a flexible key cap includes mixing polyurethane (PU) and one or more laser additives to form a PU clay mixture. The PU clay mixture can be infused into a molding tool to form a set of key caps. Some embodiments place a fabric layer over the molding tool and applies pressure over the fabric layer to couple the set of key caps and the fabric layer. A laser marking technique can be applied over a portion of the set of key caps. A characteristic of the portion of the set of key caps can be modified in response to the UV laser application and cause a color change at the portion of the set of key caps.

Abstract: The invention relates to a document of value, such as e.g. a bank note or the like, which has a security paper. In the security paper at least one tangible marking in the form of a relief structure is produced by a laser.

Abstract: A working object cutting method capable of cutting a working object precisely is provided. The working object cutting method comprises irradiating a working object 1 with a laser beam while locating a converging point at the working object, so as to form a reformed region in the working object 1 along a reformed-region forming line 15 set at a predetermined distance inside from an outer edge E of the working object 1 along the outer edge, forming a cutting reformed region in the working object 1 along a cutting-scheduled line 5, and cutting the working object 1 along the cutting-scheduled line 5 from a cutting reformed region acting as a start point.

Abstract: A process for producing at least one three-dimensional object by solidifying a solidifyable material, comprising the steps of: providing an object carrier capable of carrying the object to be produced; providing a material capable of solidifying when subjected to energy supply; bringing a solidifyable material carrier/provider in a position to carry/provide solidifyable material at least in a building region where solidifyable material is to be solidified; supplying, to the building region, energy capable of solidifying the solidifyable material; and sensing, measuring and/or controlling a condition selected from the group consisting of pressure and/or strain. Alternatively or in combination, contact pressure, fluid pressure and/or material flowability can be sensed and/or adjusted.

Abstract: A nonwoven fabric includes a plurality of through voids, where each of the voids has a first opening associated with a top surface of the fabric and a first raised edge circumferentially adjacent to the first opening. The voids may each further include a second opening associated with a bottom surface of the fabric and a second raised edge circumferentially adjacent to the second opening, such that the first opening may have a surface area that is larger than or the same as the second opening.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to apparatuses for sealing the tips of pump-out tubes of vacuum insulating glass (VIG) units, and/or associated methods. In certain example embodiments, a laser source used in sealing the pump-out tube is thermally insulated from the VIG unit and emits a laser beam through one or more windows in an oven towards a mirror located therein. The mirror is located so as to redirect the laser beam onto the pump-out tube to thereby seal it. For instance, a substantially horizontal laser beam emitted from a laser source located outside the oven enters into the oven through one or more windows and is reflected by a mirror towards the pump-out tube to be sealed. The repositioning of the laser source advantageously can change its effective focal length and/or the location of the laser beam, e.g., because of the fixed location of the mirror.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a biopolymer photonic crystal includes providing a biopolymer, processing the biopolymer to yield a biopolymer matrix solution, providing a substrate, casting the matrix solution on the substrate, and drying the biopolymer matrix solution to form a solidified biopolymer film. A surface of the film is formed with a nanopattern, or a nanopattern is machined on a surface of the film. In another embodiment, a plurality of biopolymer films is stacked together. A photonic crystal is also provided that is made of a biopolymer and has a nanopatterned surface. In another embodiment, the photonic crystal includes a plurality of nanopatterned films that are stacked together.

Abstract: A hydrophilic laminate, including: a substrate made of a resin; and a hydrophilic resin layer on the substrate made of a resin, wherein the hydrophilic resin layer comprises micro convex portions or micro concave portions in a surface thereof, and wherein a pure water contact angle of the surface of the hydrophilic resin layer is less than 40°.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, wherein the object is generated by successively solidifying single layers of fluid or powdery solidifiable building material by the action of electromagnetic radiation. The method comprises steps for emitting a first pulsed electromagnetic radiation onto a first area of a layer of the building material, and for emitting a second continuous electromagnetic radiation onto a second area of the layer of the building material.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a pattern using a laser is provided. The apparatus includes a pattern storing unit, a controller, a laser oscillating unit, an X-Y driver, a header unit, and a stage. The pattern storing unit stores data on light guide patterns of a discontinuous straight line shape. The controller transmits position signal of the light guide patterns to the X-Y driver and simultaneously, transmits a switching signal to the laser oscillating unit. The laser oscillating unit outputs a laser beam synchronized with a movement of the header unit. The X-Y driver moves the header unit and the stage. The header unit moves along a first guide rail. The stage moves along a fixed second guide rail in the front and rear direction of the light guide panel.

Abstract: A method of producing at least one of microscopic and submicroscopic particles includes providing a template that has a plurality of discrete surface portions, each discrete surface portion having a surface geometry selected to impart a desired geometrical property to a particle while being produced; depositing a constituent material of the at least one of microscopic and submicroscopic particles being produced onto the plurality of discrete surface portions of the template to form at least portions of the particles; separating the at least one of microscopic and submicroscopic particles comprising the constituent material from the template into a fluid material, the particles being separate from each other at respective discrete surface portions of the template; and processing the template for subsequent use in producing additional at least one of microscopic and submicroscopic particles.

Abstract: A modified region 7 to become a starting point region for cutting is formed in a GaAs substrate 12 along a line to cut 5 upon radiation with laser light L which is pulsed laser light. As a consequence, the modified region 7 formed in the GaAs substrate 12 along the line to cut 5 is likely to generate fractures in the thickness direction of an object to be processed 1. Therefore, the modified region 7 having an extremely high function as a starting point region for cutting can be formed in the planar object to be processed 1 comprising the GaAs substrate 12.