Abstract: Fine, monodisperse oxide powders can be manufactured by means of a method which does not require expensive production facilities, in which methoda graphite intercalation compound is manufactured by reacting one or more chemical starting compounds of one or more elements of the groups Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIa, VIb, VIIb, VIII of the periodic table as well as of the lanthanides and actinides with a graphitic carbon modification having a grain size.ltoreq.150 .mu.m, andthe graphite intercalation compound is converted by an oxidation agent into binary oxide of one or more elements of the groups Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIa, VIb, VIIb, VIII of the periodic table as well as of the lanthanides and actinides.

Abstract: A conductive-metal-filled substrate is formed by intermingling oxide coated, non-conductive copper or nickel particles into a substrate having a softening point of at least 200.degree. C. followed by compression molding at a temperature of at least 200.degree. C. The filled substrates are electrically conductive and are useful for a variety of uses such as EMI shielding.

Abstract: Nonwoven web comprising thermoplastic meltblown fibers or filaments predominantly present as agglomerates or multiple fused fiber areas. Such agglomerates in the web act as columns and impart a desired degree of strength and resistance to compaction. In contrast to prior art webs where such agglomerates have been considered undesirable, the webs of the present invention find particular utility when formed into cylinders as filter plugs for smoking articles. In smoking articles of the invention, the filter plugs have a desired pressure drop while demonstrating an unexpected degree of firmness, all at an economically attractive cost. Preferred embodiments include those where the machine direction strength to cross machine direction grab tensile ratios in the range of from about 1:1 to 4:1 and the fibers or filaments are made from polypropylene. Other embodiments include webs and filter plugs containing additives distributed throughout the web.

Abstract: The bonding of a porous metal layer to at least one surface of a cermet is accomplished, without a supporting metal netting in the green cermet blank, by using a reducible metal oxide in the green cermet blank and a reducible metal oxide layer on the surface or surfaces of the green blank. In the following reducing sintering step the metal component in the green blank and the porous metal layer are formed simultaneously resulting in an intimate strong bond between the cermet blank and the porous metal layer. Both reducible metal oxides may be the same. The resulting product, such as an electrode-diaphragm-electrode structure is well suited for use in water electrolysis, chlorine alkaline electrolysis, and in fuel cells.

Abstract: Ceramic metal oxide fibers are made by intercalating graphitic graphite fibers with a mixture of metal chlorides and then heating the intercalated fibers to oxidize or burn off the carbon leaving a metal oxide fiber having generally the shape and structure of the graphite fiber precursors to make composite fibers, such as binary fibers of aluminum oxide-zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide-ferric oxide.

Abstract: Ceramic precursor compositions, such as metal hydroxides and oxides, are electrochemically deposited in a biased electrochemical cell. The cell typically generates hydroxide ions that precipitate metallic or semimetallic ions to form insoluble solids that may be separated from the cell, then dried, calcined and sintered to form a ceramic composition.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved process for preparing a superconducting composition having the formula MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; x is from about 6.5 to about 7.0; said composition having a superconducting transition temperature of about 90 K; said process consisting essentially of preparing a precursor solution, drying the solution of obtain a solid material, and heating and cooling the solid material under specified conditions to obtain the desired product. In another embodiment, a shaped superconducting MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x article is prepared by impregnating an article of cellulose material with the precursor solution, drying the impregnated article, and heating and cooling the impregnated article under prescribed conditions to obtain the desired product.

Abstract: If a liquid metal oxide is fed to the nip of an inwardly cooled pair of rolls to cool and solidify, the rolls are subjected to a great material fatigue because of the constantly changing high heat stresses. A configuration of the rolls with few notches can be achieved by an approximation of the contour of a spherical hood. This is achieved in that each of the rolls (1,2) is designed as a truncated conical section, in that adjacent to the base (9,10), exhibiting the greater diameter of each truncated conical section a cylindrical section (5,6) with the diameter of the base (9,10) and a substantially open front surface (23) is provided. Each truncated conical section is closed, by a plane wall, on the front surface (7,8) with the smaller diameter.

Abstract: A method is provided of producing a self-supporting ceramic composite structure having one or more encasement members, such as an encasing steel sleeve, joined to it by growth of the ceramic material to engagement surface(s) of the encasement member(s). A parent metal is contacted with a body of filler which is encased by the encasement member(s). The resulting assembly is heated to melt and oxidize the parent metal, e.g., aluminum, to form a polycrystalline material comprising an oxidation reaction product which grows through the doby of filler and stops at the engagement surface(s) of the encasement member(s) which thereby determines the surface geometry of the grown ceramic matrix. Upon cooling, the encasement member(s) is shrink-fitted about the ceramic composite body. The invention also provides the resultant articles, for example, a ceramic composite body having a stainless steel member affixed thereto.

Abstract: A polymer article containing zeolite particles on which metal ion having a bactericidal property, e.g. Ag, Cu or Zn, is provided by an ion exchange reaction shows an excellent bactericidal effect and durability of the effect, but no deterioration of physical properties of the polymer.The polymer article is produced by admixing zeolite particles previously provided with the metal ion with a polymer or by moulding a zeolite-containing polymer into an article and then treating the article with a metal ion solution.

Abstract: In a process wherein parts are pressed into a predetermined shape by filling a die cavity with a powder material, compressing the powder under pressure to form a compressed part of said shape, an improvement to that process comprises subjecting a portion of the cavity to vibrations during the filling of the die cavity.

Abstract: This invention discloses zirconia-containing grinding media in the preparation of magnetic disc coating and method for producing such grinding media. The grinding media essentially consists of zirconia-sintered body containing 3.6% to 8.0% by weight of yttrium oxide, the zirconia sintered body having a means grain size of less than 2 .mu.m and the relative theoretical density of more than 98.0%.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbons, such as perchloroethylene, are applied to fine powders, such as metal oxides, in the absence of binders to improve the flow and tableting properties of the powders.

Abstract: A battery separator, and a method of forming the same, which exhibits good electrical conductivity and a high degree of inhibition to dendrite formation, is in the form of a thin sheet formed from a substantially uniform mixture of a thermoplastic rubber and a filler in a volume ratio of from about 1:0.15 to 1:0.6. The thermoplastic rubber is preferably a styrene/elastomer/styrene block copolymer.

Abstract: A method of producing mechanically strong sintered pellets suitable for consumable use in smelting furnaces from non-oxidizable metal oxides is disclosed. The metal oxide is combined with a carbon-containing material whereafter the formed pellet is sintered in a shaft furnace.

Abstract: A method of producing sintered pellets containing metal oxide is disclosed. The pellets obtained are mechanically strong and are produced at substantially less cost than is encountered with known methods.

Abstract: Manufacturing process for ferrimagnetic materials and pressure compacted soft ferrite components utilizing a "wet" process for compositional preparation of materials in which metal carbonates and metal hydroxides are coprecipitated in controllably selected ratios.An aqueous solution of metal ions is formed by dissolving pure metals in acid. This aqueous metal ion solution is added to a predetermined solution of carbonate ions and hydroxide ions. Concentrations, temperature, and rates of addition are controlled to select the ratio of carbonate groups to hydroxide groups in the coprecipitated particles and the size of such particles.The controllably selected ratio of carbonate groups to hydroxide groups facilitates separation of the coprecipitation particles and maintains residual hydroxide groups in the material so as to extend solid-state reactivity of the coprecipitated particles for grain growth and densification purposes until the final heat treatment in which the pressure compacted articles are sintered.

Abstract: A method for producing films wherein the material of which the film is to be formed or the constituents of that material are emitted in the vapor state under a high vacuum, the vapor is condensed to the solid state on the surface of a liquid bath, and the condensed film is then separated from the liquid.

Abstract: A method for preparing shaped, green ceramic compacts suitable for firing to form high density .beta."-alumina containing ceramic bodies comprising: (1) mixing between about 2.5 parts by weight and about 4.5 parts by weight of a ceramic composition comprising at least about 80 weight percent of aluminum oxide and from about 5 to about 15 weight percent of sodium oxide with 1 part by weight of a binder composition consisting essentially of between about 20 weight percent and about 35 weight percent of polyvinyl pyrrolidone having a number average molecular weight (M.sub.n) between about 20,000 and about 160,000 and between about 80 weight percent and about 65 weight percent of ethylene glycol; (2) extruding the mixture so formed through a die of desired configuration; and (3) heating the extrudate at temperatures and for periods of time necessary to evaporate the ethylene glycol solvent and burn off the polyvinyl pyrrolidone.