Abstract: Method and apparatus for making and coating a plastic lens. Oxygen barrier containing photoinitiator is used to cure incompletely cured lens portions. Radiation pulses are used to control lens curing rate. Lens is postcured while in a mold cavity using a conductive heat source. Air may be directed toward the mold cavity to help remove heat from the lens. An in-mold scratch resistant coating may be formed from two separate material which both contain a photoinitiator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus heats a thin sheet of material prior to subjecting the sheet to a process for forming the sheet into a desired shape, such as by vacuum forming. The sheet is supported in a generally horizontal manner during transport through the apparatus, for example on a pair of conveyor chains or belts which carry and provide support to the longitudinal edges of the sheet by gripping same. The sheet is heated from above and below by heating elements and a diffuser plate is located between the upper and lower heating elements, and beneath the downwardly facing side of the sheet. The diffuser plate permits air flow therethrough from an air source and forms a film of heated air adjacent the downwardly facing side of the sheet to support the sheet and prevent excessive downward sagging thereof during heating thereof.

Abstract: With an auxiliary electrode having a shape corresponding to the end of a workpiece attached to an upper electrode of a high frequency heater for high-frequency heating the end of the workpiece extruded, the workpiece is high-frequency heated intensively and uniformly between the auxiliary electrode and the lower electrode. After heating, the end of the workpiece is molded into a predetermined shape by a couple of stamping molds.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for heating and stirring a charge of a heat-exchange fluid under pressure for the curing of tires in which both a turbine and an electric motor for driving the turbine are enclosed within a fluid-tight enclosure and in which the turbine and the rotor and stator of the electric motor are entirely immersed within the heat-exchange fluid.

Abstract: A device for producing raised lettering on the sidewall of an elastomeric line includes a mechanism for mounting the tire in position to expose its outer sidewall. A mold member is provided having front and rear surfaces, an outer boundary, and an axial opening defining a radially inner boundary. The mold member is sized and shaped to cover the exposed outer sidewall of the tire with the front surface thereof when the tire is disposed on the mounting mechanism. A plurality of annular channels are defined in the mold member front surface radially spaced between the inner and outer boundaries of the mold member. A plurality of support members are each adapted for holding an alphanumeric elastomeric member in the form of the mirror image of a preselected alphanumeric symbol. The support members include an arrangement for selectively interlocking the support members with each other to form a series of symbols into a preselected legend for producing the raised lettering.

Abstract: A method for joining at least two plastic elements in a liquid- and/or gastight manner, whereby an edge of a first plastic element is at least partially placed in an opening of a second plastic element, the edge of the first plastic element being folded over an edge of the opening of the second plastic element under plastic deformation, using a pressure device. The edge of the first plastic element is pressed against a curved butting face of a pressure body placed in the second plastic element at the opening thereof and the edge of the first plastic element along the butting face is pushed radially outwardly and over the edge of the opening of the second plastic element. The edges of both plastic elements are pressed together by exerting pressure on both sides of the edges. Alternatively, use is made of a sealing ring at least partially between the edges.

Abstract: A tire vulcanization apparatus in which an encaser 3 makes it possible to introduce a tire into a mold 1 and, by means of inductors 42, transfers to the mold heat energy necessary for vulcanization and in which a chamber 5 receives several molds 1 and makes it possible to maintain each mold insulated from the environment in order to limit heat losses during the time necessary for the vulcanization.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing plastic products from waste materials by: cutting into pieces a thermoplastic material having a loss factor higher than 0.005 such as to have a high absorbence of radio-frequency radiation, mixing the pieces with at least one other particulate material, depositing the mixture on a supporting surface; applying radio-frequency radiation to the mixture sufficient to soften mainly the outer surfaces of the pieces of thermoplastic material by dielectric heating, while applying pressure to the mixture to bond the mixture together by sintering; and removing the sintered mixture from the supporting surface.

Abstract: In a method for connecting pipe pieces of corrugated pipes to form a pipe, which is to be used in particular as a protection pipe for communication cables or light wave guides, external pipe segments are formed by appropriate cutting in the vicinity of the external pipe portions, which external pipe segments are inserted into recesses of welding sleeves. These welding sleeves comprise an outer ring and an inner ring, the inner ring not projecting radially beyond the inner pipe portions into the pipe. At least one of the rings is welded with the external pipe segments.

Abstract: A method of thermoplastifying a synthetic resin which is displaced by a worm in a worm housing. High-frequency energy is applied to the plastic in one or more regions along the path of the plastic in which there is no or little frictional heat generated by the interaction of the screw with the housing.

Abstract: A process for heating a ceramic shaped part by providing a ceramic shaped part which at ambient temperature has a homogeneously distributed carbon skeleton, and heating the shaped part inductively.

Abstract: A method of injection molding of polyethylene terephthalate resin which includes a process to heat and melt polyethylene terephthalate resin by means of plasticizing system, and inject the molten polyethylene terephthalate resin under a desirable injection molding pressure from nozzle part 8 through manifold part 9 and runner part 1 into cavity 4, and at the same time of the injection molding, to perform the opening and closing motion of gate 3 part by melting or solidifying the solidified or molten polyethylene terephthalate resin remaining at the gate 3 part by means of the intermittent temperature control apparatus 7 made of a platinum wire provided with along the vicinity of the gate 3, so as to produce the moldings removing the residual sprue at the gate 3 part. By the present invention, the polyethylene terephthalate resin which is very difficult to process by injection molding, is produced as moldings not accompanying a whitening phenomenon but of a high quality with superior transparency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for processing extrudable material, especially for the manufacture of a multilayer extrusion product in an extrusion device, wherein the extrudable material is brought in solid form, advantageously as powder or in granular form, and which includes a central extrusion channel (1) and the stator means (2, 3) and the rotor (4) defining it. The invention concerns also such an extrusion device. In the extrusion device according to the invention it is used an optional number of stator and rotor means (2, 3, 4) arranged packlike alternately one within the other, whereby the extrudable material is first melted during its feed into an annular feed defile (5) advantageously in conical or double-conical form between the stator means (2, 3) and the rotor means (4) after the infeed thereof before the central channel, and thereafter compressed to the final extrusion pressure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing road vehicle tires, whereby a toroidal forming mold, housing a finished green tire, is fed successively through a first preheating station where peripheral heating elements preheat the tread portion of the green tire; through a second curing station where the tire is cured; and through a third postinflation station where the tire, fitted to a tubular support and removed from the mold, is engaged by a cooling element for cooling the bead portions of the tire.

Abstract: A heating device used for production of a disc shutter made of synthetic resin and shaped into a U-form in section, arranged to heat a pair of corner portions of the shutter to extinguish residual stresses that exist in the corner portions that are formed where a connecting portion of the shutter connects a pair of shutter plates. The heating device comprises a movable support for fixedly supporting the free ends of the pair of shutter plates, a fixed heater which heats the corner portions of the shutter at a predetermined temperature, a pair of heating surfaces connected to form an acute angle, a temperature setting device, and a heating duration setting device.

Abstract: The invention provides a silicone rubber composition which is efficiently curable by exposure to microwaves but, different from conventional microwave-curable silicone rubber compositions compounded with a deep-colored energy-absorbing agent, is still capable of being colored in any desired color because the energy-absorbing agent compounded therein is not colored. The energy-absorbing agent used here is a silica or polyorganosilsesquioxane powder having cyanoalkyl or fluoroalkyl groups bonded to the silicon atoms.

Abstract: A device for producing raised lettering on elastomeric tires is provided. The device includes a mold member sized and shaped to receive at least a portion of the sidewall of an elastomeric tire. A channel is disposed along the interior surface of the mold member. A plurality of insert members for positioning in the channel are provided with each insert member having a face engraved with the mirror image of a pre-selected alpha-numeric symbol to form a female alpha-numeric mold therein. A tracking mechanism is positioned along the channel to align and positionally maintain the insert members therein to form a series of symbols into a preselected legend or marking. Finally, a mechanism is provided for injecting heated vulcanizing rubber into the symbol molds as the sidewall of the elastomeric tire is in contact with the faces of the insert members and to fuse the injected rubber to the sidewall to produce raised alpha-numeric lettering of a preselected pattern on the sidewall of the tire.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating contaminated plastics waste, comprising densifying contaminated plastics waste by causing the waste to pass through a heating zone to produce molten contaminated plastics, and causing the molten contaminated plastics to flow continuously out of the heating zone under the influence of gravity.

Abstract: A device for smoothing out the thickness of a sheet of thermoplastic material which includes a sheet die and a heating device which is integrated with the upper die lip of the sheet die. The heating device includes a hollow box filled with a liquid and a bar which projects laterally beyond the endfaces of the hollow box. The inlet and outlet openings of the bar in the hollow box are sealed. Arranged on the underside of the bar are small hot plates which are electrically heated. The liquid in the hollow box serves as a heat transfer medium and typically is an oil having a boiling point higher than 280.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method by which an opening into a lateral pipe connection for a pipeline into which a liner is being installed may be sealed and protectively lined. The invention features a bushing which is emplaced in the lateral connection by use of an expandable mandrel and a control means. The bushing includes an integral heating element for softening the thermoplastic material from which the bushing is formed. O-rings are positioned between the bushing and the lateral pipe to form a seal.

Abstract: A sheet of polymer material is secured between a pair of clamp members. The sheet is directed through a localized heated region to provide a localized heated portion of said sheet. A first one of said clamp members is pulled away from a second fixed clamp member to stretch said sheet providing a pair of neckdown region portions and a reduced thickness portion or stretched portion of the sheet. One of the neckdown regions propagates along unstretched portions of the sheet as the clamp member moves away from the fixed clamp member. The propagating neckdown region is kept within the localized heated region by moving the localized heated region and an electric field is applied to the propagating neckdown region portion to polarize the sheet.

Abstract: A core for producing a molded resin product having a bent hollow portion, including two-forked and multi-forked products used as parts for automobiles, and a process for producing the aforesaid resin product having a bent hollow portion by using said core.

Abstract: A surface of a fresh concrete body is dried by first covering the surface to be dried with a layer of bibulous granules having a great internal surface area for a time sufficient to draw generally all of the water out of the body via the surface and then preventing water from entering the layer from its side turned away from the body. The granules are finely divided hygroscopic particles, with an internal surface area of at least 200 m.sup.2 /g, preferably at least 800 m.sup.2 /g. The hydrophilic particles take up the moisture from the concrete and hold it in the layer of particles lying on the surface. This reduces the partial vapor pressure on the surface of the concrete body which effectively draws further liquid out of the concrete. The particles are a mixture of a cross-linked polymer that only swells in water and silica. The particles are carried in a coherent mat and are applied as a layer to the surface by laying the mat thereon.

Abstract: A method for producing a vent passage for an in-the-ear hearing aid shell. One or more vent holes are drilled in the shell, and a vent tubing having a copper core is laid against the shell interior wall extending through the vent holes. Electricity is passed through the core to heat the vent tubing rapidly (e.g. within 15 seconds) to 60.degree. C. Simultaneously with the heating, acrylic monomer and polymer are mixed. The mixture is poured promptly into the shell over the tubing, and excess mixture is then poured out, after which the coating on the tubing is cured and the tubing is removed. The rapid heating causes onset of polymerization adjacent the tubing but not elsewhere, so that a very compact vent passage is formed with minimal labor and little excess acrylic polymerization in unwanted areas. The heating is performed using a fixture having clamping plates mounted on a rod.

Abstract: A dielectric mold member has different thicknesses producing different radio frequency (RF) voltage drops thereacross. An RF electrode is spaced differently from a thermoplastic sheet to be dielectrically heated by the RF energy such that in one implementation the sheet receives uniform potentials and is heated uniformly. In other implementations, the sheet can receive selectively controlled heating over different regions. In an alternative embodiment, multiple pairs of electrodes apply different RF field levels to different portions of the thermoplastic sheet to compensate for the different voltage drops due to different mold thicknesses or to applied different controlled heating levels to different regions.

Abstract: A mold structure including layers with different physical properties is used to provide hot surface during molding. The use of a thin layer of low thermal conductivity covered by a smooth skin layer prevents quick cooling of the surface of the pre-heated plastic to be molded. The plastic surface remains molten and flows to fill the mold during press closing, resulting in smooth surfaces even when fiber reinforced plastics are used.

Abstract: Forming tools are arranged inside a metallic caisson formed by means of open boxes provided with nesting portions. The forming tools are connected to a microwave generator and are made of a material with a small absorption capacity for the microwaves and adapted for supporting pressure within the range of 50 to 200 bars. The forming tools have working faces of a shape mating that of a work piece to be obtained.

Abstract: A method and appaatus for curing a gasket material on a cap, the apparatus having a microwave transmitter, associated wavegide and a device for moving multiple caps through the waveguide. A plastic material is applied to the cap so as to form a gasket. The cap is then moved through the waveguide where microwave energy is absorbed by plastic material. The plastic material then heats from room temperature to a predetermined curing temperature in the waveguide. The cap is then removed and allowed to cool back to room temperature so that the gasket material will harden.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing molding members, for instance for automobiles, wherein an elongate shaped body is prepared from synthetic resin material either by an extrusion process, or by an injection process and is subjected to a controlled heating so as to soften the interior resin material while preserving the hardness of the outer surface portion. A cutter blade is advanced into the shaped body while it is subjected to the controlled heating, whereby the outer surface portion is urged and deformed inwardly to form a smooth end surface in continuous connection with remaining outer surface of the molding member.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for the vulcanization of laminar rubber products wherein the process comprises winding onto a drum an unvulcanized laminar rubber product together with a metallic band, applying a counter force to the metallic band as it is being wound up to prestress the wound up layers, applying substantially uniform pressure on the surface of the conducting band at the point where it and the laminar rubber products are being wound onto the drum and then applying electrical current to the wound up electrically conducting band to provide heat for the vulcanization of the wound up laminar layers. The apparatus comprises two parallel drums interconnected by the metallic band which is first wound with the laminar rubber onto one drum and when the vulcanized laminar rubber is removed the metallic band is wound onto the other drum.

Abstract: For the production of decorative seams on dashboards or the like, molded of thermoplastic material by the deep-drawing method, or the like, a soft heated embossing die having a negative decorative seam is pressed briefly, at the instant of the deformation of the dashboard or the like, against the molding tool covered with the film. Elastic embossing cushions are glued into the molding tool, thereby providing that the decorative seam will have a convex curvature.

Abstract: Apparatus for the thermoplastic processing of polymeric resins is improved by the use of thin-film resistance heaters as the means of applying thermal energy to the resin. The heaters are mounted within the resin processing chamber and in particular the resin flow channels of, for example, an injection molding machine.

Abstract: A flat stock strip of thermoplastic material is passed through a heating station in contact with the edges of longitudinally oriented heated knife blades to heat soften the stock strip along narrow longitudinal lines to define localized fold lines for the stock strip. The strip is fed sequentially through a prebending device and a chilled forming die to set the reformed strip at the fold lines. Preferably the knife blades and any strip contact surfaces of the prebending device and the chilled forming die are PTFE covered to eliminate scratching of the thermoplastic stock strip material during heating, reforming and cooling.

Abstract: A method of shaping a soap bar comprising the steps of obtaining a soap bar, placing the bar in a microwave oven, energizing the oven with sufficient power and time to soften the bar, and forming the softened bar into a desired shape and size.

Abstract: A molding process of a molding compound containing an ingredient such as a binder, e.g., pitch or a thermosetting resin which generate gas before being set, is disclosed, wherein the molding compound is heated and molded under pressure according to a special temperature pattern. First, the molding compound may be preheated substantially uniformly to a temperature at which the binder melts and generates reaction gas. Next, temperature gradient in the direction of thickness of the molding is created while raising the temperature of the molding to an upper limit temperature so that the setting of the molding progressively advances from the higher temperature to the lower temperature side of the molding.

Abstract: A mass is cooled systematically under the influence of an electrical or mechanical alternating field to obtain a quasi dielectric isotropic structure of a synthetic resin part.

Abstract: For the continuous pressing of sheet material in a reaction zone between two endless, heated press belts of a double band press at increased process temperatures, the capability for operating at process temperatures which are higher than critical, permissible operating temperatures of the double band press is achieved by heating the press belts in such a way that they have the highest temperature at their outsides facing the sheet material with heat flow through the press belt being effected from the hot outer side to the opposite inner side of the press belt. The heat flow direction in the reaction zone which otherwise leads from a pressure plate to the press belt outer side is thus reversed and, heating members are arranged in the vicinity of the press belt on the outer side thereof shortly before the reaction zone.

Abstract: A hybrid reheating of polyester preforms which are to be stretch blown into containers wherein the reheating coupled with the controlled quick initiation of the blow stretch operation after final reheating produces a container which may be filled with a hot fill without there being any disadvantageous shrinkage of the container. The reheating is by way of a specific combination of quartz oven reheating and radio frequency reheating together with specific equilibrations of the temperature cross sectionally of the preform body. Polyester preforms may be reheated to a cross sectional center temperature ranging from 225.degree. F. to 260.degree. F. and stretch blow molded without undesirable surface crystallization occuring while the ability of the container to be filled with a hot filled substantially without shrinkage is increased.

Abstract: A new and improved method of forming slats for window blinds and the like from a continuous web of plastic material includes a feeder for directing the web longitudinally from a roll at a selected speed rate into a heating chamber including upper and lower plates defining a longitudinally extending heating path between opposite inlet and outlet ends. As the web moves along the path, opposite surfaces thereof are heated to an elevated temperature and the web material then moves into a molding and cooling chamber immediately adjacent the exit end of the heating chamber wherein the web is molded to provide a curved transverse cross-section while the web is cooled. The web is cooled to a temperature at a level selected to provide a permanent set in the longitudinally traveling web.

Abstract: Gaskets are formed in container closures fabricated from polyolefin resins exhibiting substantially no response to heat activation by radio frequency electrical energy by introducing a vinyl chloride plastisol containing a vinyl chloride polymer resin and a plasticizer having a loss factor in the range of 0.1-12 into the closure. The closure is preheated to 55.degree. to 100.degree. C. by conventional means and then the plastisol is fused in the closure by exposure to a field of radio frequency electrical energy.

Abstract: A process for the production of moldings from a dry blend of radio frequency susceptible organic polymer particles and rigid inorganic particles wherein the dry blend mixture is poured into a non-radio frequency absorbing mold and scintered using a radio frequency field to form a composite structure.

Abstract: A reinforced thermosetting polymer, in a pasty state, is molded under conditions of internal heating of the material and dielectric losses with high frequency and external heating using the mold elements.

Abstract: The surface of a flexible magnetic recording medium is continuously smoothed between at least one set of two rolls at least one of which is a metal roll. The rolls serve as electrodes of a high-frequency dielectric heater. A refrigerant is fed to the electrodes, and a high frequency is applied to the electrodes while the recording medium is passed and pressed between the rolls.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for thermally shrinkable tubes and the like has a heating density gradient such that a higher temperature is imparted initially to a central portion of the heated tube, spreading gradually to the ends of the tube, to purge air bubbles to the outside of the tube while employing only one heating element.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a fibrous assembly. At least one fiber-forming polymer is extruded through a spinneret having numerous small openings. The process uses a die equipped with a spinneret having numerous closely spaced small openings and an opening ratio (.alpha.) of at least 30%. At least one fiber-forming polymer in the form of a shaped mass having a specified compression resistance is continuously stuffed into said die. Said shaped mass has a shape such that it measures more in one direction than in another. There is passed through the spinneret an electric current sufficient to give said fiber-forming polymer Joule heat required for cutting said polymer by partitioning members defining the numerous small openings of the spinneret. The cut fiber-forming polymer is taken up as fine streams.The present invention provides ultrathick aromatic polyamide fibers having an average cross-sectional area of about 0.01 mm.sup.2 to about 5 mm.sup.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the formation of pipe comprising one or more layers of thermoplastic resin whereby an annular stream of thermoplastic material is transported through an annular extrusion passageway. The downstream annular portion of the extrusion passageway has a radially movable outer wall. The outer wall is radially moved by heat expansion of a bolt thereagainst to change the thickness of a particular arcuate section of the stream. The thickness of the particular arcuate section of the stream may be further changed through selectively heating by electrical resistive elements an arcuate section of the extrusion passageway to heat the stream of thermoplastic material transported in proximity thereto.

Abstract: The vulcanizing of elastomeric articles by captively securing the article to be cured under pressure by a mold that is transparent to microwave energy. The mold in the preferred embodiment is a pair of conveying runs which define cooperatively a mold cavity therebetween. The microwave transmitting devices are located along the path of movement of such conveying runs.

Abstract: Decorative moldings with non-uniform sections made of thermoplastic resin are produced by remolding. The material to be remolded is formed by cutting an extruded rod or combining an extruded rod with other parts and being placed in a mold. The material in the mold is heated and partially fused by high frequency dielectric heating. Then the fused portion of the material is cooled in the mold so that the material is partially remolded.

Abstract: A method for vulcanizing rubber within a mold by dielectric heating. The mold is made of dielectric materials such as ceramics or plastics, and the rubber material is vulcanized within the mold in a dielectric heating furnace. The surface portions of the mold in contact with the rubber material are preferably made of a material having a high dielectric loss factor in order to heat the rubber material or to prevent cooling of the dielectrically heated rubber material by conduction of the heat toward the mold. The other portions of the mold are made of another material having a low dielectric loss factor. The mold is a separate mold. The separate mold is fixed in a frame made of a dielectric material having a low dielectric loss factor.

Abstract: A process of extrusion molding plasticized vulcanizable or cross-linkable rubber or synthetic resin materials, comprising the steps of heating said materials to an elevated temperature in a short time immediately before a molding die and vulcanizing or cross-linking the materials in the manner of maintaining said elevated temperature substantially while the materials are passing through the die or for a while after they have passed through the die, thereby obtaining mold goods.