Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for preparing foam board or sheet including the steps of (A) forming a foamable mixture of (1) a major amount of a styrenic polymer having a high melt index, (2) a minor amount of a low melt index styrenic polymer, and (3) a blowing agent containing a major amount of carbon dioxide under a pressure sufficient to prevent prefoaming of the mixture, and (B) foaming the mixture into a region of reduced pressure to form a foam product.

Abstract: A method for extruding foam of a thermoplastic elastomer, which is a blend of olefin rubber and polyolefin resin, includes the steps of mixing the thermoplastic with water, introducing the mix to an extruder, melting and compressing the thermoplastic elastomer and water and extruding the resultant mix as foam. In more detail, a first quantity of thermoplastic elastomer in pellet form is mixed with a second quantity of water. The mixed water and thermoplastic is introduced to an extruder. The thermoplastic elastomer is melted and mixed with the water to a uniform mix of thermoplastic elastomer and water. The mix is extruded through a die, wherein the water expands in a vapor form to create foam cells with the cells having walls of the thermoplastic elastomer.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a foam product including the steps of (A) forming a foamable mixture of (1) an alkenyl aromatic polymer and (2) a blowing agent under a pressure sufficient to prevent prefoaming of the mixture and (B) foaming the mixture into a region of reduced pressure to form the foam product, wherein the difference between the glass transition temperature of the foamable mixture and the foaming temperature is less than about 62.degree. C.

Abstract: Low-density, high service temperature polymer foam is extruded by heating a crystalline polymer resin above its crystalline melt point to melt the resin, selecting a blowing agent combination, combining the blowing agent combination with the resin to create a mixture, cooling the mixture to a temperature approaching a freezing temperature for the mixture, and extruding the foam through a die. The blowing agent combination is made up of 50 to less than 100 mole percent of a first blowing agent having a boiling temperature at STP of greater than 310.degree. K, and more than 0 to 50 mole percent of a second blowing agent having a boiling temperature at STP of less than 310.degree. K. The blowing agent combination has an equilibrium solubility vapor pressure in the polymer of less than 45 atm at the foaming temperature and greater than or equal to 1 atm at the glass transition temperature.

Abstract: An extruded polyolefin foam in thicknesses of at least about 12 mm and greater of improved compressive strength, extensional viscosity, and reduced aging time and a process for making the foam are disclosed. The foam is prepared using a propane blowing agent. The beneficial properties imparted to thicker grade and plank foams by a propane blowing agent can be achieved with up to as much as 75% by volume of either normal butane or isobutane or both in the blowing agent, depending on the polyolefin selected.

Abstract: Compositions disclosed include hexafluoropropane and a hydrocarbon having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or dimethyl ether. These compositions are useful as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: A method of making a polyolefinic foam composition comprising the steps of:(a) feeding a polyolefinic polymer into an extruder;(b) adding a nucleating agent to the resin feed;(c) optionally adding a permeation modifier to the resin feed;(d) plasticating the mixture in an extruder to form a polymeric melt;(e) incorporating a blowing agent of carbon dioxide and optionally one or more members selected from the group consisting of inorganic blowing agents, organic blowing agents, and combinations thereof;(f) incorporating at least one compatibilizing agent into said foamable composition wherein said compatibilizing agent is an oxygenated hydrocarbon that decreases the minimum pressure required to prevent prefoaming while retarding the collapse of foam due to excessive blowing agent migration;(g) uniformly mixing and cooling the foamable composition to a temperature effective for the expansion of the polyolefinic foam; and(h) extruding or ejecting the foamable composition through a die to form a polyolefinic foam.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a composition and a process for preparing a closed cell alkenyl aromatic polymer foam having enlarged cell size, comprising one or more alkenyl aromatic polymers, one or more substantially random interpolymers, one or more blowing agents having zero ozone depletion potential and optionally one or more co-blowing agents, and optionally, one or more nucleating agents and optionally, one or more other additives.This combination allows the manufacture of closed cell, low density alkenyl aromatic polymer foams of enlarged cell size, when blowing agents of relatively high nucleation potential are employed. When such blowing agents are used with alkenyl aromatic polymers in the absence of the substantially random interpolymers, small cell foams result.

Abstract: The invention features utilization of a single electrical power supply for ntermittently electrifying one or more regions of an electrosettable compositional entity during the cure of that entity, thereby controllably altering one or more physical characteristics of each electrified region. A constant voltage-and-current power output is applied to each region; the amount of electric power which is applied to a region during an electrification period varies in accordance with the time duration of that period. The practitioner time-schedules the inventive intermittence in terms of duration, number, frequency and sequence of the regional electrification periods.

Abstract: Members either of the polyglycol family of substances, more generally, or of the polyglycol ether subset of polyether compounds, more particularly, both for their gas absorption properties and for their plasticizing effect in a polyethylenic extrudate, are combined with physical atmospheric blowing agents, such as, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, water, and blends thereof, to produce uncrosslinked polyethylenic foams having densities as low as 10 kg/m.sup.3.

Abstract: Rigid foams having improved insulation properties are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing agent mixture composed of from about 1 to about 30% by weight of at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 polyfluoroalkane and from about 70 to about 99% by weight of an HCFC, preferably an HCFC selected from chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Members either of the polyglycol family of substances, more generally, or of the polyglycol ether subset of polyether compounds, more particularly, both for their gas absorption properties and for their plasticizing effect in a polyethylenic extrudate, are combined with physical atmospheric blowing agents, such as, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, water, and blends thereof, to produce uncrosslinked polyethylenic foams having densities as low as 10 kg/m.sup.3.

Abstract: Compositions of nonafluoromethoxybutane and at least one component selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-heptane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and acetone, and 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane are described. These compositions are useful as cleaning agents, displacement drying agents, refrigerants, heat transfer media, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, and buffing abrasive agents.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously and accurately blending a plurality of diverse, normally gaseous or volatile liquid components, preferably two or three, at low pressures. In a preferred embodiment, and apparatus blends a first stream of volatile liquid component, preferably carbon dioxide with a liquid stream of any suitable hydrocarbon (including halogenated hydrocarbons) blowing agent in accordance with any predetermined ratio desired by those skilled in the art before introducing the blend into a suitable extrusion process for preparation of polymeric foams and the like. The apparatus combines the liquid components at a pressure substantially higher than the elevated pressure required during the extrusion process.

Abstract: Substantially constant boiling mixtures of difluoromethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane or perfluoroethane are useful as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, and expansion agents for polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making an extruded alkenyl aromatic polymer foam with a thickness of about 1 inch (2.54 cm) or more and having an enhanced cell size. From about 0.2 to about 2.0 percent by weight of a glycerol monoester of a C.sub.8-24 fatty acid is incorporated to increase cell size about 5 percent or more relative to a corresponding foam without the glycerol monoester. The blowing agent is about 50 percent or more of a blowing agent selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane. Further disclosed is an extruded alkenyl aromatic polymer foam obtainable from the process.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of effective amounts of 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane, 1,1-dichloroethane and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol, to form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and a propane, tris(trifluoromethyl)amine, trifluoromethylsulfur pentafluoride or fluoroethane. The term propane includes compounds of the formula C.sub.3 F.sub.a H.sub.8-a wherein 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.8 as well as cyclic compounds of the formula C.sub.3 F.sub.b H.sub.6-b wherein 0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.6. These compositions are useful as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and a propane, tris(trifluoromethyl)amine, trifluoromethylsulfur pentafluoride or fluoroethane. The term propane includes compounds of the formula C.sub.3 F.sub.a H.sub.8-a wherein 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.8 as well as cyclic compounds of the formula C.sub.3 F.sub.b H.sub.6-b wherein 0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.6. These compositions are useful as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Compositions of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane and a compound of the formula selected from the group consisting of a 4-6 carbon linear or a cyclic hydrofluorocarbon or fluorocarbon, a 3-5 carbon fluoroether, a fluorinated alcohol, perfluoro-n-methylmorpholine; and an ether are disclosed.These compositions, which may be azeotropic or azeotrope-like, may be used as refrigerants, in small turbine high speed compressors. They may also be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, displacement drying agents or as an anesthetic.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions of trifluoromethane, carbon dioxide, ethane, and hexafluoroethane are provided. The compositions of the invention are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.

Abstract: Constant boiling azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of ammonia and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane are disclosed that are useful as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: Members either of the polyglycol family of substances, more generally, or of the polyglycol ether subset of polyether compounds, more particularly, both for their gas absorption properties and for their plasticizing effect in a polyethylenic extrudate, are combined with physical atmospheric blowing agents, such as, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, water, and blends thereof, to produce uncrosslinked polyethylenic foams having densities as low as 10 kg/m.sup.3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of compositions which include a first component of tetrafluoropropane, trifluoropropane, difluoropropane or fluoropropane and a second component of tetrafluoropropane, trifluoropropane, difluoropropane, fluoropropane and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethylpropane, a hydrocarbon or dimethylether. These compositions are useful as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefin and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Low density PET foam is extruded by heating PET resin above the crystalline melt point to melt the resin, selecting a blowing agent combination, combining the blowing agent combination with the PET resin to create a mixture, cooling the mixture to a temperature of less than 538.degree. K., and extruding the foam through a die. The blowing agent combination is characterized by about 50 to less than 100 mole percent of a first blowing agent having a boiling temperature at STP of greater than 310.degree. K. The blowing agent combination is further characterized by more than 0 to about 50 mole percent of a second blowing agent having a boiling temperature at STP of less than 310.degree. K. The blowing agent combination has an equilibrium solubility vapor pressure in PET of less than 45 atm at the foaming temperature and greater than or equal to 1 atm at the glass transition temperature.

Abstract: An expandable thermoplastic composition is disclosed for extrusion foaming wherein the composition comprises a polyethylene resin and a blowing agent comprising ethane present in an amount of at least about 40 percent or more by weight based upon the total weight of the blowing agent and a different alkane selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1, C.sub.2, C.sub.3, C.sub.4, C.sub.5, and C.sub.6 alkanes and mixtures thereof, wherein the minimum percentage of ethane increases above 40 percent as the arithmetic mean carbon number of the different alkane increases from 3 to 5. A process for extrusion foaming of the composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Shaped microcellular structures having substantially non-cellular skins are produced from reactive liquid polymer systems incorporating thermoplastic microspheres containing volatile materials such as low boiling point halogenated or non-halogenated organic materials. Use of thermoplastic microspheres encapsulating such volatile materials facilitates the removal of the shaped foamed structure from molds, eliminating the need for release agents. Various products based on this process, such as bathroom fixtures, bicycle and wheel chair tires, shoe soles, and automotive parts, are provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions that include at least one hydrocarbon and at least one fluorinated species. Such compositions may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for foams such as polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, displacement drying agents, among others.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the process and apparatus for compounding and pelletizing of chemical foaming agents in a high melt resin carrier and producing unique, uniform encapsulated and pelletized chemical foaming concentrates. More specifically, the present invention is directed to the compounding, encapsulating and pelletizing in a high melt resin carrier a highly loaded concentration (5 to 70 wt %) of foaming agents which include an endothermic foaming agent, an exothermic foaming agent or hybrid combinations of these two such that when incorporated into a thermoplastic resin to produce a foamed product will chemically react to form carbon dioxide, nitrogen or hydrogen or mixtures thereof as the active foaming gas.

Abstract: A process for producing alkenyl aromatic foams utilizing a combination of atmospheric and organic gases as blowing agent, preferably using greater than 30% by weight of atmospheric gas, and preferably also using a predetermined about of a masterbatch mix comprising a styrenic polymer, a rubbery block copolymer, and a solid blowing agent. Also disclosed are alkenyl aromatic foams produced by the process which exhibit increased densities, increased thermoforming capabilities, increased post-expansion properties, and increased retainment of the atmospheric and organic gases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for providing accelerated release of a blowing agent from a solid, non-perforated plastic foam. The method relates (a) providing the solid, non-perforated plastic foam having the blowing agent and a permeability modifier therein and (b) perforating the foam at its surface to form a multiplicity of channels extending from the surface into the foam. The channels are in gaseous communication with the environment outside the foam and provide accelerated release of blowing agent.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of from about 65 to about 81% by weight of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and from about 19 to about 35% by weight of 2-methyl butane have been found to be particularly useful as blowing agents for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of pentafluoropropane and a fluorinated propane having from 1 to 5 fluorine atoms; a hydrocarbon having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane, (CF.sub.3).sub.2 CHCH.sub.3, dimethyl ether; or 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane. The compositions, which may be azeotropic or azeotrope-like, may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents or displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of bis(difluoromethyl) ether and a second component wherein the second component is 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, difluoromethoxy pentafluoroethane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, tris(trifluoromethyl)amine, difluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride, pentafluoroethyl sulfur pentafluoride, ammonia, butane or isobutane.The invention also relates to azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions which comprise admixtures of effective amounts of bis(difluoromethyl) ether and 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, difluoromethoxy pentafluoroethane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, tris(trifluoromethyl)amine, difluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride, pentafluoroethyl sulfur pentafluoride, ammonia, butane or isobutane.

Abstract: In order to replace the chlorodifluoromethane in air conditioning systems, the invention proposes the use, as refrigerant fluid, of a mixture containing by mass from 26 to 34% of difluoromethane, from 56 to 73% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and from 1 to 10% of tetrafluoromethane or octafluoropropane.

Abstract: A water-based embossing composition for use in chemically embossing a foamable polymeric material having a blowing agent incorporated therein comprising: (A) a film-forming resin dissolved or dispersed in said aqueous composition; (B) a modifier which is effective in modifying the activity of the blowing agent comprising particulate solids which are substantially insoluble and uniformly dispersible in the liquid medium of the embossing composition and which have an average particle size of no greater than about 100 microns, said modifier being present in the composition in an amount of at least about 3 wt. %; and (C) optionally, a colorant or a softening agent for the modifier solids or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions include a perfluorinated alkane or alkene and an organic solvent.

Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of hexafluorodimethyl ether and cyclopropane, dimethylether or propylene; bis(difluoromethyl) ether and 2,2,3,4,4-pentafluorooxetane; fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 2,2,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,3-dioxolane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, dimethylether or tris(trifluoromethyl)amine; trifluoromethyl methyl ether and perfluorooxetane, 2,2,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,3-dioxolane, perfluoromethyl ethyl ether, perfluorodinethoxymethane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, dimethylether or tris(trifluoromethyl)amine; perfluoromethyl ethyl ether and dimethylether, propylene or 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; perfluorodirnethoxymethane and dimethylether or isobutane; 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and tris(trifluoromethyl)amine or dimethylether; difluoromethoxy pentafluoroethane and dimethylether, isobutane or tris(trifluoromethyl)amine; 1-trifluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and dimethylether or isobutane; 1-difluorometh

Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of perfluorooxetane and perfluoromethyl ethyl ether or dimethyl ether; 2,2,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,3-dioxolane and cyclopropane or dimethyl ether; 2,2,3,4,4-pentafluorooxetane and difluoromethyl(trifluoromethyl)sulfide or 1-trifluoromethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethane; 2,2,4,4-tetrafluorooxetane and 1-difluoromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1-difluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; 2,2,3,3-tetrafluorooxetane and 1-difluoromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1-difluoromethoxy-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane.

Abstract: To replace chlorofluorocarbons as refrigerant fluids, the invention proposes to employ mixtures containing, on a mass basis, approximately 25 to 65% of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, 1 to 70% of perfluoropropane and 5 to 34% of propane.The mixtures according to the invention can also be employed as aerosol propellants or as blowing agents for plastic foams.

Abstract: An expandable thermoplastic composition is disclosed for extrusion foaming wherein the composition comprises a polyethylene resin; a blowing agent, which is either ethane or a blend of carbon dioxide and either normal butane, isobutane, propane, ethane, or a mixture of any two or more of these hydrocarbons in admixture with the resin in a ratio of about one part blowing agent to about 10 parts resin; nucleation agent in an amount of from about 0.05 to 0.5 kg per 100 kg of the resin; and glycerol monostearate aging modifier in an amount of from about 0.5 to 5 kg per 100 kg of the resin. A process for extrusion foaming of the composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions that include at least one hydrocarbon and at least one fluorinated species. Such compositions may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for foams such as polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, displacement drying agents, among others.

Abstract: Process for the production of foam boards having a minimum thickness of 20 mm and a cross-sectional area of at least 50 cm.sup.2 by extruding a mixture of the styrene polymer, from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the styrene polymer, of a blowing agent, wherein the blowing agent contains at least one ether from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether and methyl vinyl ether.

Abstract: Compositions of 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane and 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane or 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane.

Abstract: A new set of effective, environmentally safe, nonflammable, low-toxicity refrigerants, solvents, foam blowing agents, propellants, and firefighting agents is disclosed. The agents are clean, electrically nonconductive, and have short atmospheric lifetimes, zero ozone-depletion potential, and low global warming potentials. The agents comprise at least one fluoroiodocarbon agent satisfying the general formula C.sub.a H.sub.b Br.sub.c Cl.sub.d F.sub.e I.sub.f N.sub.g O.sub.h, wherein a is between and including 1 and 8; b is between and including 0 and 2; c, d, g, and h are each between and including 0 and 1; e is between and including 1 and 18; and f is between and including 1 and 2, either neat or mixed with additives selected from the group consisting of: alcohols, esters, ethers, fluoroethers, hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, and perfluorocarbons.

Abstract: Refrigerant compositions are disclosed which include a first component of bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfide, difluoromethyl(trifluoromethyl)sulfide, pentafluoroethyl sulfur pentafluoride, difluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride, trifluoromethylsulfur pentafluoride bis(pentafluoroethyl)sulfide and a second component of difluoromethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, fluoroethane, dimethyl ether, ammonia, fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether, trifluoromethyl methyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, 2-fluoropropane, cyclopropane, bis(difluoromethyl)ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane, 1-fluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,2,2-trifluoropropane, 2,2-difluoropropane, 1,2-difluoropropane, 1,1-difluoropropane, 1-trifluoromethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, tris(trifluoromethyl)amine or 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane.

Abstract: A blending apparatus for continuously and accurately blending a plurality of diverse, normally gaseous or volatile liquid components, preferably two or three, at low pressures. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus blends a first stream of volatile liquid component, preferably carbon dioxide with a liquid stream of any suitable hydrocarbon (including halogenated hydrocarbons) blowing agent in accordance with any predetermined ratio desired by those skilled in the art before introducing the blend into a suitable extrusion process for preparation of polymeric foams and the like. The apparatus combines the liquid components at a pressure substantially lower than the elevated pressure required during the extrusion process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for providing accelerated release of a flammable blowing agent from a plastic foam. The method comprises (a) providing the plastic foam having the blowing agent and a permeability modifier therein and (b) perforating the foam at its surface to form a multiplicity of channels extending from the surface into the foam. The channels are in gaseous communication with the environment outside the foam structures and provide accelerated released of blowing agent.

Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of difluoromethane and isobutane, butane, propylene or cyclopropane; pentafluoroethane and propylene or cyclopropane; 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and propane; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and cyclopropane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and DME or propylene; 1,1-difluoroethane and propane, isobutane, butane or cyclopropane; fluoroethane and propane or cyclopropane; 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane and butane, cyclopropane, DME, isobutane or propane; or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and butane, cyclopropane, isobutane or propane.

Abstract: A method for continuously producing an insulation board comprising a rigid plastic foam core having two major surfaces and a facing material on one or both of the major surfaces, the method including conveying a facing material along a production line, depositing a partially expanded froth foam of a plastic mixture, which contains at least one frothing agent, on the facing material, and further expanding and curing the froth foam in contact wiht the facing material to form the insulation board. The board is particularly useful as roof insulation.