Abstract: A quenching fixture adapted to clamp at least one workpiece is provided. The quenching fixture includes a first positioning component and a second positioning component. Both of the first positioning component and the second positioning component have a positioning surface, multiple protrusions protruding from the positioning surface and a heat dissipation channel disposed between the protrusions in a staggered manner. The positioning surface of the first positioning component faces the positioning surface of the second positioning component, and the protrusions of the first positioning component overlap the protrusions of the second positioning component. The workpiece is clamped between the protrusions of the first positioning component and the protrusions of the second positioning component.

Abstract: A system for air quenching a heat treated element comprises a tubular component, an internal air quench device moveably disposed within the interior of the tubular component, and an external air quench device moveably disposed about the tubular component. The internal air quench device comprises a nozzle configured to induce an airflow within the tubular component. The external air quenching device can comprise an annular ring disposed about the tubular component that is configured to generate a cone of air about the tubular component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a screw press apparatus (1) comprising an outer casing (2) surrounding a screening tube (6a) with a plurality of liquid discharge holes, a slurry inlet port (3) at one end of the screening tube and a solids discharge port (4) at an opposite end of the screening tube, the screening tube housing an axially located auger (5), the outer casing (2) having a first opening in fluid communication with the slurry inlet port (3), a second opening in fluid communication with the solids discharge port (4), and a third opening (8) in fluid communication with the liquid discharge holes of the screening tube (6), a cleaning device (20) located between the outer casing and the screening tube, a device (10) for axially moving the cleaning device.

Abstract: A system for air quenching a heat treated element comprises a tubular component, an internal air quench device moveably disposed within the interior of the tubular component, and an external air quench device moveably disposed about the tubular component. The internal air quench device comprises a nozzle configured to induce an airflow within the tubular component. The external air quenching device can comprise an annular ring disposed about the tubular component that is configured to generate a cone of air about the tubular component.

Abstract: In some examples, an apparatus includes a pallet supporting a plurality of workpieces, the pallet including through-holes structured to pass a quenching fluid. In some examples, the apparatus further includes a reservoir of quenching fluid configured to provide the quenching fluid, and a plurality of upturned wall portions extending from the pallet and substantially surrounding the exteriors of the plurality of workpieces. The plurality of upturned wall portions may be located in relative orientation to the plurality of workpieces to regulate heat transfer coefficients of the plurality of workpieces during a quenching operation.

Abstract: This invention is an apparatus for cooling a metal object that has been heated above the curing point, such that as the metal object cools, it retains its original shape.

Abstract: One or more of the following quenching methods and apparatus: a quenching press for quenching a steel ring, a method of quenching a steel ring, a corresponding set of quenching dies for quenching steel rings, a die handling tool and related method to lift the corresponding set of quenching dies, and a die handling apparatus to load and unload dies to a quenching press.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlled cooling of hot steel plate while constraining and conveying the plate by constraining rolls horizontally which is inexpensive and enabling continuous control of the cooling ability over a broad range, that is, a cooling apparatus for spraying hot steel plate hot rolled and transferred between pairs of constraining rolls with cooling water from pluralities of lines of spray nozzles so as to cool the same, which apparatus has lines of gentle cooling spray nozzles and lines of strong cooling spray nozzles with different orifice shapes and enables continuous control of the cooling ability over a broad range due to the fact that a maximum cooling water impact pressure integrated value of the lines of gentle cooling spray nozzles and a minimum cooling water impact pressure integrated value of the lines of strong cooling spray nozzles are continuous.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching steel plates after they come from an austenitizing furnace. The plates are rotated to a vertical orientation and rapidly submerged into a water bath while being held flat between reciprocating rolls. The superior uniformity and severity of the quench produces plates of commercial flatness and uniform mechanical properties throughout in an apparatus of simple construction and low energy consumption.

Abstract: A device for use when hardening includes fixture parts (1, 4, 6) between which a workpiece is fixed during hardening. The device's fixture parts (1, 4, 6) are three or more so that two or more workpieces are fixed simultaneously in the device.

Abstract: Hardening is accomplished by heating a longitudinal section of a workpiece such as an odd-shaped bar, and by quenching while constraining the workpiece section in dies. The quenching is executed while the workpiece is pressed in a direction perpendicular to its longitudinal direction by a pressing device which is installed adjacent to the workpiece section constrained in the dies. Warping by quenching can thus be minimized in odd-shaped workpieces, such as an automobile steering rack bar.

Abstract: An improved method for heat treating and forming Belleville washers, springs, clutch plates and the like by initially stamping or otherwise forming a flat ring, heating the ring to an elevated temperature of approximately 1700.degree. F., placing the hot ring within a die at least partially submerged in a molten salt bath and forming the ring into its final, generally frustoconical or tapered configuration while submerged in the molten salt bath. The heated formed ring is maintained in the closed die for approximately 30 seconds and is thereafter released from the die and maintained within the molten salt bath, which is maintained at a temperature of approximately 600.degree. F., for approximately one-half hour to further heat treat or austemper it to achieve the desired metallurgical properties of the steel part.

Abstract: A process and device for preventing nonparallelism from occurring when rolling beams on universal beam rolling trains by partial application of coolant to the beams. The coolant is applied to the underside of the web during the rolling process in order to create an approximately symmetrical temperature profile in the web.

Abstract: A process for hardening a plurality of holed flat parts. The holed flat parts are heated by inserting a cantilever hanger into the holes of the holed flat parts to support them in vertical positions within a furnace. The holed flat parts are then removed from the hanger by inserting a moving fork into the holes of the holed flat parts and moved to a cooling section while being supported in the vertical positions on the moving fork. Then, the holed flat parts in the vertical positions are quenched in the cooling section by blowing a gas downward to them. Also disclosed is an apparatus for practicing the holed flat part hardening process.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for quenching a tubular workpiece such as cylindrical tubes or different-shaped tubes, which are difficult to be exerted constraining force for preventing warping especially in case of thinner thickness. Warping is prevented by applying a constraining force which is increased from beginning of the quenching to termination thereof, corresponding to increase of elasticity limit stress in accordance with temperature drop of the workpiece. Furthermore, apparatus for carrying out the method for quenching a tubular workpiece are offered, wherein the apparatus are provided with a pressure controller for pressure rolls or dies, thereby the pressure controller changes setting input for the pressure during the quenching.

Abstract: A constrained quenching apparatus is provided for hardening a workpiece such as an asymmetrical bar which has a notable tendency to warping when quenched, without warping the workpiece. The apparatus comprises a set of two or more dies having plural projections provided on the inner side thereof, the projections coinciding with the contour of the workpiece when the dies are closed so that their die faces in contact with one another, and having plural recesses therein defined by the projections. The recesses are provided with one or more cooling liquid blow holes. The apparatus does not exert pressure on the workpiece at the start of the quenching when the workpiece is soft, so the flattening of the hollow workpiece such as a pipe, can be prevented.

Abstract: For quenching heated metallic work pieces with a quenching intensity that lies in the region of H values from 0.2 to 4, which is typical for oil or water quenching, a cooling gas is used as the quenching medium in the form of discrete jet streams issuing from a nozzle field and impinging on the work piece surface to be cooled. With limiting of the blower power for the cooling gas serving a predetermined maximum limit of about 1000 kW per square meter of nozzle field the quenching intensity, with suitable selection of gas jet parameters, in particular the gas velocity w, the gas pressure p, the gas jet cross-section and the number of impinging jets per unit of surface is brought to an H value between 0.2 and 4.

Abstract: A method and press for uniformly quenching a heated annular workpiece while fixturing the workpiece to prevent distortion during quenching. The press has a conically shaped lower die for receiving a workpiece to be quenched thereon and a vertically reciprocable conically shaped upper die for clamping and fixturing a workpiece between them. The press has a generally cylindrical quench ring carried by the upper die for engaging against the lower die to form a chamber around the workpiece to immerse the workpiece in quenching fluid. The lower die has a plurality of spaced apart inlets for uniformly distributing quenching fluid around the workpiece and which are preferably angled relative to the center axis of the lower die for producing a swirling turbulent flow of fluid within the chamber to more rapidly and uniformly quench the workpiece.

Abstract: Disclosed is a constraining apparatus, for constraining cambered leaf spring blanks when they are quenched in an quenching oil in the oil tank of a quenching systems so as to prevent any possible distortion in the directions of the thickness and width of the blanks. The constraining apparatus basically consists of a drive system having a pair of sprockets, a drive shaft for driving the sprockets, a fixed disc and a pair of endless chains extended across the sprockets and the fixed disc, with a plurality of constrainers attached across these chains.

Abstract: The invention relates to continuous heat treatment of coiled tungsten filaments wound onto molybdenum cores, in the course of which said filament is passed first through a humid hydrogen atmosphere of about 1300.degree. C. then through a dry hydrogen atmosphere of a temperature of about 1700.degree. to about 1850.degree. C. The method complying with the invention is characterized by transfer times of the coiled tungsten filaments to be heat-treated through heating zones lying in the range of about 3 to about 7 seconds, preferably about 5 seconds, but the duration of passing through the 1700.degree. to 1850.degree. C. high-temperature is at most 7 seconds. The invention also covers the equipment suitable for accomplishing the method, consisting of two high-melting metallic heating tubes, an inventing wheel, a spiral winding/unwinding device, and a temperature sensing and controlling unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing the outer quenching and the inner quenching of tubular pieces, notably of steel tubes, characterized in that it includes successively, in the advancement direction of the tubes:slanting rollers allowing the tubes delivered continuously to move forward successively by rotating about their axis;an outer quenching system;a clamping and locking system for the tube;a retractable carrier supporting an injection lance for carrying out the inner quenching, said carrier being provided with said clamping and locking system for the tube;means allowing the carrier to move backward with the tube clamping system in order to accompany said tube in movement while the outer quenching is carried out; andretractable rollers which come in position to support the tube as the carrier moves backward while disengaging the tube from the outer quenching system.

Abstract: An inside-outside quench arrangement is disclosed for long steel pipe which utilizes a tangential quench arrangement to cool the pipe's outside surface and an axial flow nozzle to cool the pipe's inside surface at approximately the same cooling rate. The O.D. quench arrangement includes a manifold carrying jet nozzles circumscribing the pipe which can be pivoted apart to permit a four-bar linkage mechanism to smoothly and efficiently transfer the pipe into and out of the arrangement for quenching. A roller drive arrangement rotates the pipe in a longitudinally stationary position to minimize pipe bow and enhance pipe cooling.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heat treating steel plates subject to longitudinal length distortion wherein the plate at a temperature of the critical temperature of the steel passes through leveling rolls to remove the length distortion and immediately thereafter through quenching rolls which maintain length uniformity during quenching of the plate.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for quenching elongated steel pipe in a liquid cooling medium substantially improves the straightness of the finished product. After being heated to an initial temperature higher than the austenite transformation temperature, the pipe is positioned within an enclosure formed by mating semi-cylindrical shell members. Two streams of coolant are introduced to flow through the interior of the pipe, and over the exterior of the pipe, respectively, the relative volumes of flow of the two streams of coolant being regulated to ensure substantially uniform rates of cooling as between the interior and exterior surfaces of the pipe.

Abstract: Railroad rails having improved wear resistance, are produced by controlled forced cooling from above the austenite transformation temperature, to produce rails having a fine pearlite metallurgical structure in the head portions of the rails. Apparatus comprising a series of cooling headers utilizing a liquid cooling medium, such as unheated (i.e., cold, or ambient temperature) water, alternating with a series of air zones, is preferably arranged in line with the production rolling mill, to receive hot rails as they emerge from the mill, without the necessity of intervening reheating. A roller type restraint system transports the rails through the cooling apparatus, while restraining them in the appropriate position.

Abstract: Thin walled broached parts are heat treated from manufactured dimensions to predetermined dimensions through control of heating, cooling and pressurization parameters during the heat treating cycle.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for quenching a hollow-bodied piece of steel with an opening at each end thereof, such as a steel pipe, which comprises exterior and interior quenching means. The exterior quenching means includes means for directing a cooling medium in a substantially circumferential flow pattern around the exterior of a steel pipe. In one embodiment the exterior quenching means includes means for separately directing a cooling medium in a substantially circumferential flow pattern at variable flow rates around the exterior segments of a steel pipe. The flow rate around each pipe segment may be varied with the thickness of the segment. The exterior cooling means may comprise a plurality of deflector plates to achieve the circumferentially directed flow of the cooling medium about the pipe.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for continuously quenching a steel plate with cooling water, by passing the steel plate through a water storage vessel containing the cooling water. The cooling water for cooling the upper side of the steel plate is introduced into the upper section of the water storage vessel from an upper portion of the latter and is exhausted from an upper portion of the same through, for example, overflow. The cooling water for cooling the lower side of the steel plate is introduced into the lower section of the water storage vessel from a lower portion of the latter and exhausted from a lower portion of the same. The cooling water is agitated and moved by impellers disposed in the upper and lower sections of the storage vessel in the direction of movement of the steel plate or in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the steel plate which is clamped and fed linearly through the water storage vessel by means of upper and lower rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus for rapidly quenching substantially flat metal workpieces which have been heated during a heat treatment process is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a substantially flat plate having a plurality of vapor relief apertures therein, a wick element which overlies the plate so that it substantially covers the apertures, and means for supplying a coolant such as water, to the wick element so that the coolant is substantially evenly dispersed therein. The apparatus is operable for urging a heated workpiece into face to face engagement with the wick element to effect intimate contact between the workpiece and the coolant in the wick element. As soon as the workpiece contacts the coolant in the wick element, at least a portion of the coolant is substantially instantaneously vaporized to effect rapid cooling of the workpiece, the vaporized portion of the coolant escaping from the wick element through the relief apertures in the plate so that it does not impede the quenching process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling at least the inside of steel pipes. Cooling is effected while restraining the radial displacement of a pipe at a point not more than 500 mm, or preferably not more than 250 mm, away from each end of the pipe and at intermediate points spaced at intervals of 1.0 m to 2.5 m. Elliptical deformation in the cross section of larger-diameter pipes also is prevented by adding to the aforementioned cooling method and apparatus a device and step to rotate the pipe being cooled at a rate of 30 to 150 times per minute. The restraining device at one end of the pipe is designed to move in the direction of the pipe axis so that the restraint of the radial displacement at a point not more than 500 mm away from that end is at all times ensured even when the pipe length varies.

Abstract: A quenching method and apparatus for quenching a steel pipe heated throughout the length thereof to a given quenching temperature in which during cooling of the steel pipe, the pipe is rotated or the pipe is moved axially while rotating it thereby uniformly cooling the entire pipe. The apparatus is incorporated as an in-line equipment in a steel pipe production line whereby a steel pipe introduced from the preceding processing stage is quenched by the said quenching method and is then delivered automatically to the following processing stage thereby uniformly cooling the steel pipe in the lengthwise direction thereof and reducing the quenching time.

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing distortion of a heated cylindrical metal workpiece during cooling. The method includes heating the workpiece and then placing a fixture substantially at room temperature in the workpiece. The fixture has a plurality of axially-spaced holder plates with shoe members slidably mounted at spaced locations on the plates. A plurality of tapered pin assemblies are used to secure each shoe member in fixed position initially so as to define the desired cold shape of the workpiece. The workpiece is then cooled with the fixture in place. After cooling of the workpiece, the tapered pin assemblies are partially withdrawn from tapered holes in the shoe members and holder plates so as to permit removal of the fixture from the workpiece.

Abstract: A multi-pipe quenching apparatus for simultaneously quenching a plurality of steel pipes at a high speed. The apparatus comprises (a) a steel pipe holding table for holding a plurality of steel pipes arranged in parallel which table is provided with a plurality of sets each including a plurality of clamp means for clamping a steel pipe at a plurality of points in the lengthwise direction thereof, and cooling water supply means for supplying water into said pipe through a nozzle pressed thereagainst, and (b) a quenching tank capable of containing water up to a predetermined level as occasion demands; whereby the holding table is vertically moved into and out of the quenching tank and the supply of water into the steel pipes is controlled by the cooling water supply means thereby quenching the steel pipes.

Abstract: Cooling water is sprayed under a predetermined pressure range and at a predetermined discharge rate over the both surfaces of a sheet to be treated which is reciprocated lengthwise at such a velocity that the product of the reciprocating velocity and thickness of the sheet may be maintained within a predetermined range. The spraying direction of each spray nozzle is individually controlled so that any water remaining over the surface of the sheet may be expelled out. The method and apparatus is especially adapted for use in the normalizing process and in the process for cooling hot-rolled sheet steel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching heated elongated workpieces by rotatably mounting the heated workpiece in a quench tank and subsequently rapidly flooding the tank with a quenching liquid. The heated workpiece is mounted within the quench tank by engaging opposite axial ends of the elongated workpiece. Transverse deflection of the workpiece is prevented by paired restraints located adjacent the top and bottom of the workpiece near the opposite ends. As the quenching liquid is flooded into the quench tank from a storage tank, the heated elongated workpiece is rotated about its central axis at a fixed speed.

Abstract: The machine for cooling metal sheets has a lower frame and an upper frame, sets of sheet driving and guiding rolls rotatively mounted in the frames. These frames define an enclosure which surrounds the rolls and in which enclosure a cooling fluid circulates. A system of fluid discharge conduits is connected to the upper frames and a system of fluid discharge conduits is connected to the lower frame. These discharge conduits are disposed in the vicinity of input and output ends of the machine. A cooling fluid recovery tank is provided. At least the discharge conduits connected to the upper frame and located in the vicinity of the input and output ends of the machine are connected to the cooling fluid recovery tank with interposition of a siphon. A priming device is combined with the siphon for creating a depression in the siphon.

Abstract: A tempering unit for tempering shaped forms in thin layer has an interchangeable central unit provided with grippers for the workpiece before tempering made up of an assembly of bearing fingers supporting the workpiece and assembly of bearing fingers mounted on closing jacks which bear against the upper part of the workpiece with the supporting fingers preadjusted in height. The structure is particularly adaptable to tempering long cylindrical pieces.

Abstract: An apparatus for quenching a heated metal plate moving and restrained in a plane has upper and lower rolls which engage the top and bottom surfaces of the plate. Jets of quench fluid are located between the rolls and direct quench fluid onto the top and bottom surfaces of the plate in the direction of travel of the plate. A tank member is positioned underneath and surrounding the bottom rolls for maintaining the level of quenching fluid so that the plate conveyed on the lower rolls will have its bottom surface continuously swept with high velocity turbulent fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling hot steel plate and sheet has a plurality of cooling units disposed along the plate or sheet delivery line. Each cooling unit has a top and a bottom roll-and-nozzle assembly and a device for coupling them. The top and bottom assemblies each have a roll to restrain the plate or sheet and a nozzle to spray a coolant thereon. The coupling device has a screwdown mechanism to adjust the space between the top and bottom rolls and a device for adjusting the restraining force working on the plate or sheet being cooled. This cooling apparatus permits rapid cooling of steel plate and sheet without causing distortion thereof, and the apparatus is easy to maintain.

Abstract: A water spray quench process and apparatus for the hardening of steel agricultural discs and like articles with minimum warpage and maximum exposure to the quenching water. A steel article heated in a furnace to a temperature above its austenitizing temperature is moved horizontally into a quenching station, supported on several support pins below the article with a positioning member above the article, and sprayed with water from a series of nozzles both above and below the article to rapidly and effectively quench the article to a minimum temperature. Once the article has been cooled by the quenching water, it is expelled from the quench station.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a horizontally closing die quenching apparatus and with a method for die quenching. The apparatus comprises a pair of relatively movable opposed substantially vertical platens each supporting a plurality of die blocks, the die blocks each having an internal cavity and generally opposed outer surfaces for receiving and substantially surrounding a plurality of first selected portions of a work piece when the platens are moved together. The die blocks also include a plurality of relatively small fluid passageways extending through the opposed surfaces thereof the passageways providing fluid communication with the cavities within the die blocks. A plurality of opposed fixtures are provided movable together relative to the platens for holding the work piece at its ends between the die blocks and means are provided for controllably pressuring the fixtures towards one another.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for continuously homogenizing and quenching aluminum billets in an in-line tandem system. The billets are conveyed into a furnace and transported through a series of stages therein where they are heated to obtain a uniform crystalline structure, and then immediately conveyed into and through a quench chamber where they are rapidly cooled to obtain improved metallurgical properties. The quench chamber includes a series of ring-shaped spray headers having a plurality of spray nozzles disposed thereabout for emitting a cooling fluid evenly about the billets as they pass through the rings in order to prevent warpage. The spray rings are vertically adjustable by means of a common linkage so that they will be concentric with respect to the longitudinal axes of billets of different diameters adapted to pass therethrough.