Abstract: Only a punched end is locally heated while a current value of a heating electrode is stabilized during heating. A forming and processing method includes punching a steel plate, and disposing a heating coil so as to face an end face of a punched end punched in the punching in a non-contact manner along the end face of the punched end and applying a current to the heating coil to generate an induced electromotive force in the steel plate, thereby heating the end face.

Abstract: A heating device for heating a hollow component may include at least one inner induction coil and at least one outer induction coil, each configured to be heated. At least one element may be configured to influence a magnetic field formed between the inner and the outer induction coil during the operation of the heating device. The element may be arranged between the inner and the outer induction coils. Regions of the hollow component may be thinner and the thinner regions may be configured to heat more quickly than the remaining thicker regions. The thinner and thicker regions of the component may allow even heating of the component to be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a steel wire tempering liquid wiping device. The device comprises a shell. A thermal insulation layer is provided on an inner wall of the shell, and a steel wire inlet and a steel wire outlet are provided on the shell. A wiping fiber rack is installed in a wiping cavity, and a tempering liquid wiping fiber is installed on the wiping fiber rack and is high temperature resistant fibers. After tempering, the steel wires pass through the tempering liquid wiping fiber. At the bottom of the wiping fiber rack, a tempering liquid recovery device is arranged. A heating device is installed in the shell. The steel wires come out from a high temperature tempering furnace, and then enter the steel wire tempering liquid wiping device.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing articles (8) in hardenable metal materials, a shaped workpiece (5.1, 5.2) with closed cross-section is hardened. The hardened workpiece (5.1, 5.2) is separated into at least two parts, where each part constitutes one shaped open cross-section. The invention also concerns a manufacturing process and a production line for the manufacture of articles (8) in hardenable metal materials.

Abstract: In order to apply reclaimed oil to surfaces of empty cans each formed from a steel material and an aluminum material and having a coated surface and to heat the oil-applied empty cans, an empty-can treatment system includes a rotary kiln for heating the empty cans; a screw-type conveying apparatus for conveying the empty cans to the rotary kiln; and a reclaimed oil tank from which reclaimed oil is fed so as to be applied to the empty cans conveyed by means of the screw-type conveying apparatus. The screw-type conveying apparatus includes a casing pipe allowing the empty cans to pass therethrough; and a shaft portion disposed within the casing pipe and having a screw portion formed on the circumferential surface thereof. The shaft portion is formed of a pipe having oil discharge holes formed thereon at predetermined intervals.

Abstract: A procedure for hardening at least one surface (S, L) of a wall (W) of a component (T), in which the surface to be hardened (S, L) is inductively heated with at least one inductor (2), in which liquid is filled into a gap (P) between the surface to be hardened (S, L) and the inductor (2) while heating the surface to be hardened (S, L), in which the side (AS) of the wall (W) opposite the side (IS) of the wall (W) provided with the surfaces to be hardened (S, L) is sprayed with liquid while heating the surface to be hardened (S, L), and in which at least one liquid jet (KI) is aimed at a zone (RZ) of the wall (W) that is adjacent to the surface to be hardened (S, L), and to be precluded from heating by the inductor (2). The procedure according to the invention makes it possible to tailor the hardening of at least one surface to the respective requirements, even on the walls of complexly shaped components with a small wall thickness.

Abstract: A thin film of metal or metal compound is produced by preparing an ultrafine particle dispersion liquid by dispersing ultrafine particles at least partly made of metal into a given organic solvent, applying the ultrafine particle dispersion liquid to a substrate, drying the ultrafine particle dispersion liquid to leave metal or metal compound particles on the substrate, heating the metal or metal compound particles to join the metal or metal compound particles, and annealing the metal or metal compound particles into a thin film.

Abstract: Apparatus for the rolling and heat treatment of elongated metal product of relatively small cross section, such as rods and bars, is described in which the elements required for the conduct of a variety of heat treatments are arranged in in-line disposition whereby any of several heat treatment procedures can be performed on the product without need for transferring the product to remotely located heat treatment facilities. The methods of performing various heat treatments through use of the disclosed apparatus are also described.

Abstract: Metal workpieces are subjected to laser treatment in a liquefied gas, by passing the laser beam through a layer of liquid nitrogen in direct contact with the metal surface to be treated, thereby creating an amorphous state.

Abstract: A nuclear reactor annealing apparatus and method for annealing a vessel of the reactor by utilizing a non-aqueous fluid, a means for replacing water in the vessel with the non-aqueous fluid, a means for heating the non-aqueous fluid to a predetermined temperature and for a predetermined length of time. The non-aqueous fluid creates less pressure than water at the same temperature and is in communication with said vessel so that heating the non-aqueous fluid in turn heats the vessel thereby annealing the vessel. A can device is used to anneal only a portion of the vessel walls.

Abstract: Method and apapratus for inhibiting stress corrosion cracking adjacent weldments in steel workpieces such as stainless steel pipe through generation of a controllable throughwall temperature differential by exposure of one workpiece surface to extermally generated radiant heat while maintaining a flow of coolant fluid past the other surface thereof.

Abstract: A fluidized catalytic cracking process using a riser reactor to crack a mixture of high and low nitrogen content fresh feeds is operated to reduce NO.sub.x emissions in the regenerator flue gas. Segregation of the feed into high and low nitrogen content streams, and addition of the high nitrogen content feed to the base of the riser, followed by separate addition of the low nitrogen content feed higher up in the riser, reduces NO.sub.x emissions and reduces production of low value products from the FCC unit.

Abstract: A method of hardening the radially, outwardly facing surfaces of a generally circular, toothed workpiece adapted to rotate about a central axis generally concentric with the outwardly facing surfaces whereby the extremities of the surfaces define an outer circle by the tips of the teeth of the workpiece. This type of workpiece is generally a gear.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for inductively heating and quench hardening axially spaced cams on a steel camshaft having a longitudinally extending rotational axis concentric with a plurality of axially spaced bearings, which method and apparatus utilizes an induction heating coil having an inner surface surrounding the rotational axis of the camshaft with an insulating gap and integral quench openings for directing quenching liquid inwardly from the heating coil for the workpiece, and a high frequency power supply for selectively energizing the heating coil with a power density within the heating coil of about 20KW/in.sup.2 and an auxiliary cooling assembly fixed with respect to the heating coil and including an arrangement for spraying a cooling liquid toward the camshaft.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making camshafts of steel by hardening the lobes after they have been rough and finish machined and the final contour and finish of the cam surface formed on each lobe while the steel is soft. Each lobe with the finished cam surface thereon is disposed in an induction coil to which an alternating current is applied for not more than about five seconds to rapidly heat the peripheral portion of the lobe which is then quenched by spraying an aqueous liquid on the lobe preferably while still in the coil. This heating and quenching hardens the peripheral portion of the lobe by a martensite transformation thereof without any significant warping or distortion of the cam surface. To prevent a previously hardened lobe from being annealed by induction heating of an immediately adjacent lobe, preferably a cooling or quenching liquid is also sprayed on the camshaft between these lobes and immediately adjacent the heated lobe.

Abstract: An induction heating device is provided which can be easily and inexpensively modified to inductively heat and quench harden workpiece bores of various diameters. The device consists of a permanently mounted mandrel and easily interchangeable inductor coil and quench modules which can be easily and rigidly connected to the mandrel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of quench hardening to a desired depth the full axial extent of the wall surface, or selected portions of the wall surface, of an axially extending bore in an elongated workpiece wherein the bore has a selected uniform cross-sectional shape throughout the length thereof and is closed at one end, which method and apparatus involves providing an inductor with an outer shape generally matching but smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the bore to permit passage of the inductor through the bore, supporting the workpiece with the axis of the bore extending vertically and the open end facing downward, electrically energizing the inductor with a known frequency and at a selected power level, passing the energized inductor upwardly through the bore to inductively heat the wall surface of the bore progressively upwardly from the lower end thereof while progressively liquid quenching the wall surface immediately below the inductor during the upward passage thereof through the bore, and direct

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heat treating camshafts includes a retractable shield positioned between a previously hardened surface and a surface being heat treated. During the induction heating and quenching cycle, a coolant is delivered to the hardened surface to maintain the temperature thereof below the tempering temperature. The shield prevents the coolant from contacting the unhardened surface and interfering with the heating and quenching thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of quench hardening to a desired depth the inner surface of an axially extending bore in an elongated, thin-walled workpiece having an outer, axially extending surface wherein the bore has a selected, uniform cross-sectional shape, which method and apparatus involves providing an inductor with an outer shape generally matching, but smaller than, the cross-sectional shape of the bore, supporting the workpiece with the axis entending vertically, energizing the inductor with a known frequency and at a selected power level, moving the energized inductor downwardly through the bore to inductively heat the inner surface progressively while applying no fluid quench to the inner surface, letting the workpiece cool and then moving the inductor upwardly through the bore to progressively heat the inner surface while progressively liquid quenching the inner surface immediately below and after the progressive heating operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of quench hardening to a desired depth the inner surface of an axially extending bore in an elongated, thin-walled workpiece having an outer, axially extending surface wherein the bore has a selected, uniform cross-sectional shape, which method and apparatus involves providing an inductor with an outer shape generally matching, but smaller than, the cross-sectional shape of the bore, supporting the workpiece with the axis extending vertically, energizing the inductor with a known frequency and at a selected power level, moving the energized inductor downwardly through the bore to inductively heat the inner surface progressively while applying no fluid quench to the inner surface, letting the workpiece cool and then moving the inductor upwardly through the bore to progressively heat the inner surface while progressively liquid quenching the inner surface immediately below and after the progressive heating operation.

Abstract: A plate quenching apparatus is described as having a horizontally elongated chamber in which a plurality of rows of metal, tire-like rollers are used to support an element, such as a number number of metal plates, as the element moves along a horizontal pathway between opposing rows of nozzles above and below the pathway. Unfortunately, the metal rollers create wakes when large quantities of quenching liquid are used. These wakes literally surround tear-shaped areas immediately downstream the rollers and prevent adequate amounts of quenching liquid from contacting the element in these areas, especially at the beginning of the quenching process wherein it is critical to uniformly contact the element with quenching material. A plurality of nozzles are specially positioned between adjacent rows of the metal rollers to break up the wakes and insure that the sheet of metal is uniformly contacted with quenching liquid to prevent the element from becoming buckled, warped, or twisted during the quenching operation.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for heating a continuing series of articles, such as canned or bottled potable goods, to substantially room temperature in order to prevent condensation from forming on the containers. The apparatus comprises an elongated housing having an interior housing chamber and open on each longitudinal end. An endless conveyor transports the articles from one open end of the housing and to the other end of the housing along a substantially horizontal plane. An elongated trough is disposed under the conveyor and is partially filled with heating water so that the articles are partially submerged in the water as they are transported through the housing. A recirculation system is also provided for continuously reheating the heating water.

Abstract: A process and installation for carrying out the process are disclosed wherein aluminium or magnesium alloys are continuously cast as extrusion billets with a high degree of automation. The billets are continuously cast, cut into lengths while warm and subjected to continuous or semi-continuous treatment. The installation allows for considerable savings in handling between stages, requires less space than conventional installations and allows for high consistency in product quality.

Abstract: The apparatus is provided with a manifold-type means of feeding gas into the bore of the treated object and a means of discharging gas from the bore of this object which are secured as cantilevers to brackets of a frame. These means are provided with drives enabling them to displace longitudinally so as to assure the clamping of the treated object therebetween at the end faces. The apparatus is also provided with a drive causing the treated object to rotate integrally with said means. Contrivances serving to heat up and subsequently to cool down the treated object are mounted on a platform which is installed on horizontal guides and is provided with a drive for longitudinal travel.

Abstract: A technique for heat treating the upper surface of the head of an in situ rail is disclosed. A car carrying an induction heater followed by an air quencher and then an air and water quencher is passed along the track. In this way the upper surface of the rail head passes through successive stages of heating from ambient temperature, austenization, hardening, tempering and cooling to ambient temperature thus bringing about desired hardening of the rail head. The tendency of the rail to bend concave upwardly due to this heat treatment is counteracted by applying an upward mechanical force to the rail to tend to bend the rail in the opposite direction i.e. concave downwardly. The mechanical force is applied by a lifting mechanism carried on the rail car, the lifting mechanism progressively bending the rail simultaneously with the heat treatment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for flame hardening the inner wall surface of tube bends of a circular configuration wherein either a flame hardening burner is passed longitudinally through the internal cavity of a tube bend which is mounted in a fixed position, or alternatively the tube bend is moved over a stationary flame hardening burner. This relative movement between tube bend and burner is effected along a circular path corresponding to the longitudinal center line of the tube bend. Subsequently to flame hardening the heated inner wall surface of the tube bend is quenched with cooling water discharged from water sprinklers disposed downstream of the flame hardening zone. During flame hardening and quenching the tube bend is continuously maintained in positions such that the quenching water may leave the tube bend by gravity.

Abstract: In preferred form, the inventive concept utilizes a carbon arc plasma flame assembly wherein magnetic ore particles are fed to the plasma flame assembly in the presence of a controlled, gaseous atmosphere. The plasma flame assembly comprises a cathode and at least two carbon anodes to which is fed oxygen gas in a controlled amount. Upon contact with the plasma flame, the ore particles become molten droplets which fall by gravity into a spheroidization column having a controlled atmosphere. As the molten droplets fall, they cool and become spheroidal particles. The chamber wherein the heating occurs is substantially sealed and is initially purged with inert gas. In addition, the spheroidization column is fitted with an exhaust system which maintains the integrity of the processing atmosphere and that of the spheroidized particles.