Abstract: A method for manufacturing a mechanical part by hot stamping, and a mold and a system thereof. The method includes: heating a steel plate blank at a predetermined heating temperature; and placing the steel plate blank into a mold of the mechanical part, and stamping the steel plate blank to form wrinkles at a rounded corner of the mold and form the mechanical part in the mold: wherein, the mold of the mechanical part includes a female mold and a male mold, a stamping gap configured to accommodate the steel plate blank is provided between the female mold and the male mold, and a width of the stamping gap at the rounded corner of the mold is larger than a thickness of the wrinkles.

Abstract: A handling machine for rails, arranged in line and immediately downstream of a rolling plant, which allows both to easily handle the rail for transferring it from the roller table to the thermal treatment zone, and to ensure an optimal gripping of the rail along its longitudinal extension, thus effectively contrasting its bending and variations while allowing a longitudinal movement of the rail caused by thermal shrinkage, thus avoiding damages both to the external surface of the rail and to the handlers. A rail handling process is also described, which optimizes moving, positioning along a roller table and maintaining the rail substantially rectilinear during the thermal treatment to which it is subjected.

Abstract: A method continuously creates a bainite structure in a carbon steel, especially a strip steel by austenitizing the carbon steel; introducing the austenitized carbon steel into a bath containing a quenching agent; adjusting the carbon steel to the transformation temperature for bainite and maintaining the transformation temperature for a certain period of time; and then cooling the carbon steel. The carbon steel stays in the bath until a defined percentage of the bainite structure relative to the total structure of the carbon steel has formed. Residues of the quenching agent are removed from the surface of the carbon steel by blowing the same off when the carbon steel is discharged from the bath, and the remaining structure components of the carbon steel are then transformed into bainite in an isothermal tempering station without deflecting the carbon steel at all.

Abstract: A cooling unit, a heating-cooling operation including a cooling unit, a rod or wire manufacturing system, a method for manufacturing a rod or wire, a method for heat treating of a rod or wire, a method for treating metal, a steel rod or steel wire, and a treated metal having an improved tensile strength are disclosed. The cooling unit includes at least one adaptable quenching zone and at least one adaptable soaking zone. The at least one adaptable quenching zone is capable of quenching to a soaking temperature. The at least one adaptable soaking zone is capable of maintaining substantially the soak temperature.

Abstract: A liquid quench is disclosed. In one embodiment, a liquid quench apparatus for rapidly cooling a metal strand product includes: a chamber to hold a liquid, configured for placement under a drawn metal stand product, and defined by a length of a predetermined, adjustable value selected to create a desired temperature upon the stand product in a predetermined amount of time; a liquid quenchant disposed within the chamber with which to cool the strand product; a means to raise the liquid quenchant above a height of the strand product to rapidly cool the strand product to the desired temperature in the predetermined amount of time within the predetermined chamber length; and a means to adjust the temperature of the liquid quenchant to the desired temperature upon the stand product. In another embodiment, a system includes an austenitizing furnace, liquid quench, and air fluidized sand bed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for cooling or quenching slabs and sheets (2) with water in a cooling pond (1, 14) wherein the slabs and the sheets (2), previously set upright by a tilting device (18), are lowered and temporarily maintained in position on edge. The inventive method is characterized in that the slabs and the sheets are sprayed with the cooling water. Therefor, the cooling pond (1) has, on both sides of the lowered slabs and sheets (2) jet devices (10; 11a, 11b) directed towards the surfaces of the large sides of the slabs or sheets and connected to a cooling water circuit which comprises means for reducing the water filling supply from a maximum upper water level (13b) to a lower water level (13a).

Abstract: A method continuously creates a bainite structure in a carbon steel, especially a strip steel by austenitizing the carbon steel; introducing the austenitized carbon steel into a bath containing a quenching agent; adjusting the carbon steel to the transformation temperature for bainite and maintaining the transformation temperature for a certain period of time; and then cooling the carbon steel. The carbon steel stays in the bath until a defined percentage of the bainite structure relative to the total structure of the carbon steel has formed. Residues of the quenching agent are removed from the surface of the carbon steel by blowing the same off when the carbon steel is discharged from the bath, and the remaining structure components of the carbon steel are then transformed into bainite in an isothermal tempering station without deflecting the carbon steel at all.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlled cooling of hot steel plate while constraining and conveying the plate by constraining rolls horizontally which is inexpensive and enabling continuous control of the cooling ability over a broad range, that is, a cooling apparatus for spraying hot steel plate hot rolled and transferred between pairs of constraining rolls with cooling water from pluralities of lines of spray nozzles so as to cool the same, which apparatus has lines of gentle cooling spray nozzles and lines of strong cooling spray nozzles with different orifice shapes and enables continuous control of the cooling ability over a broad range due to the fact that a maximum cooling water impact pressure integrated value of the lines of gentle cooling spray nozzles and a minimum cooling water impact pressure integrated value of the lines of strong cooling spray nozzles are continuous.

Abstract: Disclosed is a combination drink dispenser enabling shaking and straining of flowable materials in an easy, quick, inexpensive, and efficient manner at home as well as in commercial places. The combination drink dispenser comprises a first container and a second container detachably positionable on the first container. The first container having a first closed end portion, a second open end portion, a curved body extending from the first closed end portion to the second open end portion, and an edge having a plurality of differently sized openings, the edge extending from a periphery of the second open end portion. The second container having a first closed end portion, a second open end portion, and a curved body extending from the first closed end portion to the second open end portion. The combination drink dispenser enabling shaking of flowable material therewithin and straining the flowable material through the openings.

Abstract: Iron-based alloys and articles in strips, sheets, workpieces and the like are converted into high strength steel with a minimum of cost, time and effort, including producing dual phase materials. This is achievable by extremely rapid micro-treating of low, medium, and high carbon iron-based alloys and articles by rapid heating and rapid cooling at least a portion of the alloy/article. This heating step involves nearly immediately heating the iron-based alloy to a selected temperature above its austenite conversion temperature. Then, the alloy is immediately quenched, also at an extremely fast rate, on at least a portion of the iron-based alloy in a quenching unit adjacent the heating unit. This procedure forms high strength alloy in a desired area, depending upon where the treatment was performed.

Abstract: A furnace for heat treating a metal workpiece is provided. A method and system for processing a workpiece also are provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching steel plates after they come from an austenitizing furnace. The plates are rotated to a vertical orientation and rapidly submerged into a water bath while being held flat between reciprocating rolls. The superior uniformity and severity of the quench produces plates of commercial flatness and uniform mechanical properties throughout in an apparatus of simple construction and low energy consumption.

Abstract: A vacuum heat treatment furnace comprising a furnace shell, a casing arranged in an inner side of the furnace shell, a heat insulating layer consisting of a thick plate-like alumina-silica series ceramic fiber blanket and a thin plate-like alumina series ceramic material arranged in an inside of the casing, and a heater arranged in a heating room surrounded by the heat insulating layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus disclosed for cost-effective net shape precision ausform finishing the engagement surfaces of ball and roller bearings, for enhancing the surface strength and durability of bearing inner and outer races. The method consists of induction heating to austenitize the contacting surface layers of rolling element bearing races, followed by martempering (or marquenching), and then net shape roll finishing of the induction heated contacting surface layers in the metastable austenitic condition to finished dimensional accuracy requirements, and finally cooling to martensite. The apparatus utilizes a fixed vertical through-feed axis for the workpiece bearing race with capability for rotation and linear up and down positioning motion, and two coordinated and controlled laterally-moving infeed axes for roll finishing tooling dies.

Abstract: A variable rate quench system allows the cooling of a heated workpiece to be controlled more closely. A liquid quenchant used in the system has an initial temperature, density and heat extraction index. The system comprises a first tank containing the liquid quenchant and to receive the workpiece and a second tank communicated to the first tank. The first tank has a means for agitating the liquid quenchant around the workpiece and a supply of make-up liquid quenchant communicated thereto. The second tank has a slurry of a non-liquid solid phase quenchant modifier and a means for selectively controlling addition of the slurry to the first tank. A real time data acquisition system acquires and analyzes temperature, density and agitation rate of the liquid quenchant, calculates an instantaneous heat extraction index of the liquid quenchant and compares the difference between the calculated index and a predetermined ideal index. Corrective action to minimize the difference is then taken.

Abstract: In the apparatus: Y table 43 carries a work W and travels a predetermined distance in direction Y in a reciprocating manner; X table 41 causes the work W to reciprocate in direction X between a first position, in which the work W is loaded onto and unloaded from Y table 43, and a fourth position, in which an induction heating coil 23 is disposed; X table 41 is mounted on a base frame 11; a first reference on Y table 43 positions rows of quenched portions 76a of the work W in desired locations when the work W is loaded onto Y table 43; a second reference on Y table 43 serves as a reference for determining coordinates of Y table 43; a position measuring means 32 in a second position intermediate between the first and the third position measures coordinates of the second reference and of the quenched portions 76a; and, a control means 100 issues signals to control X-Y table 40 together with the heating coil 23 based on the measured coordinates.

Abstract: Metal workpieces are subjected to laser treatment in a liquefied gas, by passing the laser beam through a layer of liquid nitrogen in direct contact with the metal surface to be treated, thereby creating an amorphous state.

Abstract: In a method for quenching metal parts, a quenching chamber is provided in which the quenching oil is continuously supplied from below the steel parts and circulated upward through the parts in a laminar flow. The circulation is accomplished by feeding the quenching oil onto the bottom of the quenching chamber of an auxiliary chamber surrounding it.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlled quenching of hot formed coils is desccribed, and has a timed dip on a wand connected to a pump. The wand delivers quench liquid into the coil to prevent bubbles from forming in the coil, damaging the coil from irregular quenching.

Abstract: An apparatus for metallurgically heat treating a plurality of discrete individually movable aluminum alloy parts includes a plurality of successive stations for heat treating the parts. The plurality of stations are arranged in a line of travel. Infrared radiation lamps are provided at each station. A conveyor mechanism places and holds a part in a station for heat treatment. The conveyor moves the part to a subsequent station for further heat treatment. The conveyor mechanism holds the part stationary relative to the line of travel while the part is in a station being heat treated.

Abstract: A method of heat treating e.g. an end zone of each of a plurality of metal articles such as fasteners comprises the steps of feeding each of the plurality of articles onto a conveyor means by which the articles are conveyed in succession in a generally upright orientation, towards and through a heat treatment apparatus where the zones are subjected to heat and conveying the articles from the heat treatment apparatus to a delivery point.

Abstract: A cooling device (1) in the form of a vertically arranged hollow chamber is located between a heat treatment furnace (9) and a quenching bath (11d). The device controls the cooling of small hardware items dropping downwardly through it from the furnace (9) to the bath (11d). Spaced baffles (3) are arranged in the hollow chamber and are adjustably inclinable relative to the vertical. A heat transfer member is connected to the baffles so that heat can be removed from or stabilized in the small hardware items flowing over the baffles.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for guiding at least two steel wires from a furnace into a lead bath. The steel wires are kept separated, and, after leaving the furnace, guided over a cooled roller. The roller is turning at a peripheral speed that nearly equals the speed of the steel wires. After this, the steel wires disappear into the lead bath and are guided further under an immersed roller, the steel wires making an angle larger than 150.degree. over the cooled roller and under the immersed roller. The furnace-lead bath transition is sealed by a hood that lets through as little air as possible.

Abstract: A vacuum heat treating furnace and quench system in which a load hanger rod with attached load is suspended vertically from the vacuum chamber top cover assembly, and at the end of the heating cycle segment is unlatched and permitted to free-fall through the opened passageways into the quenching medium.

Abstract: Concave rails 17, upon which a pipe which is to be treated by at least partial immersion can be placed, are fixed in the bottom of a furnace 1 which contains a treatment bath M. In order to guarantee that the pipe is immersed over the whole of its cross section and in order to eliminate the risk of it becoming oval, the furnace is subjected to alternating rotation about its axis XX, which compels the pipe to turn on itself by rolling on the rails 17. The handling of the pipe is achieved by arms 12 which are assembled in a pivoting manner on the external wall of the furnace and controlled by an actuator 15.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching heated elongated workpieces by rotatably mounting the heated workpiece in a quench tank and subsequently rapidly flooding the tank with a quenching liquid. The heated workpiece is mounted within the quench tank by engaging opposite axial ends of the elongated workpiece. Transverse deflection of the workpiece is prevented by paired restraints located adjacent the top and bottom of the workpiece near the opposite ends. As the quenching liquid is flooded into the quench tank from a storage tank, the heated elongated workpiece is rotated about its central axis at a fixed speed.

Abstract: An air cooled electrode system is employed with one or more electrically heated molten salt bath furnaces. Each furnace comprises a wall enclosing a chamber which contains the molten salt bath. Electrodes are laid or located in the wall to extend through the wall into the chamber so that each electrode exposes only one face to the molten bath. The electrodes are parallel to one another and are located on opposite sides of the chamber. Each electrode has an elongated shank made from an electrical conductive material and has in one end thereof a pair of elongated holes which extend into the shank and terminates a distance from the other end of the shank. A connecting hole extends laterally into the shank to connect the inner ends of the elongated holes. The connecting hole and elongated holes form an air cooling passage which has an entrance and an exit. The air cooled electrode system includes a blower which is connected to a header for delivering air.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for heat-treating parts in a furnace system which uses a minimum total amount of energy. The self-contained, continuous heat-treating system includes components such as a carburizer, a tempering furnace, and a part cooler. Energy transfer between these and other components operable at different temperatures and/or energy requirements are used to maximize thermal efficiency of the system.

Abstract: In the art electric heat treat furnaces have a frame and an open top housing of refractory brick therein including a plurality of inner walls defining a chamber throughout its height adapted to receive a molten bath such as a salt bath into which metal pieces are suspended for heat treatment. The chamber has a top entrant passage of rectangular shape. Electrodes extend transversely through the housing adjacent the chamber for the passage of current through the bath between the electrodes to maintain the bath at a predetermined heat treat temperature. A transformer having primary and secondary pads includes electric connectors between the pads and the electrodes. The improvement herein comprises a plurality of vertically spaced tiers of vertically spaced electrodes arranged along the height of the chamber.

Abstract: A continuous heating or pusher-type furnace for the heat treatment of small arts, by which in a closed furnace chamber glide tracks are provided for the intermittent feeding of basket cars in a row between a loading station and a discharge station which is connected gas-tight to the furnace chamber, in the vicinity of which stations there is arranged respectively a reversing device for the translation of the individual baskets from one glide track to the other glide track, whereby the filled baskets automatically can be inserted into the discharge station, and can be emptied by a tipping device with a connecting gravity chute into a quenching bath. The glide tracks with the loading station and the discharging station lie on one plane and at least two glide tracks are provided for the transportation of the filled baskets, the two glide tracks being symmetrically arranged relative to a glide track provided for the return transportation of the emptied baskets.

Abstract: A vacuum furnace in which work loads are periodically introduced and processed therein without breaking the vacuum within the furnace heating chamber and including spaced door assemblies between which chambers are defined for effectively isolating the work loads during the introduction and discharge therefrom, the apparatus further including transfer mechanisms that are sequentially operated in timed relation with the door assemblies and in accordance with the heat treating cycle of the furnace for moving work loads through the various stations in the furnace.

Abstract: Cooling device for slabs comprising a cooling trough and a locating frame provided with compartments in the cooling trough for the vertical location of the slabs by means of a crane able to travel on a track above or along the cooling trough, which crane engages the slabs in an upright position with suitable gripper devices and places them in the locating frame or lifts them from the latter after cooling. The apparatus further comprises two independent tilting devices in the region of the delivery and discharge roller beds for placing the slabs in an upright position and a flat position. The two independent tilting devices are located in the region of the same end of the slab-cooling trough and staggered with respect to each other such that the center-to-center distance of two slabs placed in an upright position by the latter and located in the range of the travelling crane corresponds to the center-to-center distance between the compartments of the locating frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat treating elongate articles including a furnace arranged above a quenching liquid reservoir and guide elements for guiding heated elongate articles from the furnace into the quenching liquid. In a preferred embodiment, the furnace utilizes a plurality of elongate tubes which receive detachably held elongate articles. Upon release, the elongate articles fall while oriented vertically by the guide elements into the quenching liquid. Warping or bending of the elongate articles is thereby prevented during the transfer from the furnace to the quenching liquid.

Abstract: A novel apparatus for automatically heat treating ferrous work rapidly from austenite stage temperature through the martensite state and automatically slowly cooling the same thereafter to impart uniform hardness and other desired characteristics thereto, eliminating risk of warpage, cracking, distortion and variations therein. The invention includes a work holder within which the work is positioned during the automatic heat treating procedures, the work holder being provided with an upstanding vertical perforated wall such that, on positioning the work holder and work, after being preheated in a furnace, into the quenching medium, the work will be automatically quenched and cooled through the rapidly cooling initial and subsequent slow cooling time and temperature stages, achieving uniform transformation and hardness of work having varying forms and thicknesses to the martensitic transformation stage.

Abstract: A method and system for heat treating metallic substances, especially alloys, and the products obtained thereby. The alloy is subjected to solution heat treating in a fluid media, after which it is quenched in a fluid quenching media. This is followed by natural aging, and a two step artificial aging process. The total time for the process is less than that of conventional techniques, and yet the final resulting alloy has superior physical and mechanical properties. Optionally, ultrasonic treatment can be used in one or more of the steps of the method.

Abstract: An apparatus for rapid batchwise heating and/or annealing ferrous and non-ferrous materials in piece form has an inlet chamber for the introduction of the material, including an inlet lock and a roller table, with means to close the lock and to evacuate the chamber to a vacuum up to 1 .times. 10.sup..sup.

Abstract: A novel method of and apparatus for automatically heat treating ferrous work rapidly from austenite stage temperature through the martensite stage and automaticaally slowly cooling the same thereafter to impart uniform hardness and other desired characteristics thereto, eliminating risk of warpage, cracking, distortion and variations therein. The invention includes a work holder within which the work is positioned during the automatic heat treating procedures, the work holder being provided with an upstanding vertical perforated wall such that, on positioning the work holder and work, after being preheated in a furnace, into the quenching medium, the work will be automatically quenched and cooled through the rapidly cooling initial and subsequent slow cooling time and temperature stages, achieving uniform transformation and hardness of work having varying forms and thicknesses to the martensitic transformation stage.