Abstract: The present application discloses a reflow oven and the operation method thereof. The reflow oven can operate in air mode and inert gas mode. The reflow oven comprises a heating zone, a blocked exhaust zone and a cooling zone. The reflow oven further comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline. When the reflow oven operates in air mode, external clean air is delivered to the heating zone and is discharged from the heating zone and the blocked exhaust zone. When the reflow oven operates in inert gas mode, an inert gas is delivered from the blocked exhaust zone to the heating zone and is discharged from the heating zone. Satisfying the accurate temperature profiling necessary for reflow processing in the operation atmosphere of air or an inert gas, the reflow oven in the present application can effectively discharge volatile pollutants to reduce the number of follow-up services and maintenances. In addition, the reflow oven in the present application can save the expensive inert gas.

Abstract: Burner assembly and method for combustion of gaseous of liquid fuel The invention relates to a burner assembly (1) and a method for combustion of gaseous or liquid fuel to heat an industrial furnace (9) having a combustion chamber (2), at least one main combustion air inlet (3) for the supply of preheat-ed combustion air (4) into the combustion chamber (2), a burner (5) with at least one fuel feed (7) and at least one air feed (8) for supply of fuel and primary air into a the combustion chamber (2), wherein the burner (5) is positioned adjacent to a combustion zone of the combustion chamber (2) such that the combustion air (4) flowing into the combustion chamber (2) through the main combustion air inlet (3) is passing the burner (5) in the combustion zone and is then deflected such that the flow of preheated combustion air and the smaller flows of fuel and primary air are flowing mainly in parallel from the burner (5) to the furnace (9), and a control unit for controlling the supply of fuel and maybe primary

Abstract: A method and apparatus for an inline air purification system is described herein. An example apparatus includes a housing, a high-velocity air flow guide, a filter assembly, and a fan. The high-velocity air flow guide includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to form a passage within the housing, and the second portion is configured to divert and accelerate air flow of the ambient air from the passage to a chamber of the housing. The filter assembly includes one or more filtering elements configured to receive the ambient air from the chamber. The fan is configured to draw the ambient air from the chamber through the filter assembly and to generate processed air from the ambient air. The housing is located in an HVAC duct, and occupies only part of the cross-sectional area of the duct. The remaining area of the duct accommodates bypass air flow to a primary fan in the HVAC system.

Abstract: A process and reactor for arsenic fixation in which a first gas stream comprises oxygen and an iron-containing particulate material. The oxygen and particulate material may be fed to reactor through respective first and second inlets. A second gas stream containing one or more volatile arsenic compounds is fed through a third inlet and mixed with the first gas stream and the particulate material to produce a combined gas stream containing the volatile arsenic compounds and the particulate material. The arsenic compounds are reacted with iron in the particulate material as the combined gas stream flows through the reactor to produce solid iron arsenates which are then recovered. The portion of the reactor including the first, second and third inlets is vertically oriented, and the reactor may include a venturi arrangement having a throat at which the second inlet is located.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing reduced iron using the same, and more particularly, to a burning apparatus heating a coal briquette to manufacture reduced iron, which includes a first burning furnace heating the coal briquette while moving the truck accommodating the coal briquette along a linear movement path; a second burning furnace connected to the other side of the first burning furnace, and heating the coal briquette while moving the coal briquette discharged from the truck along an annular path; and a cooling device connected to the second burning furnace, and cooling the reduced iron while moving reduced iron reduced in the second burning furnace along an annular path. The burning apparatus circulates exhaust gases generated in the burning furnace and cooling device to control a temperature and an oxygen concentration and thus improves a metallization rate of the reduced iron.

Abstract: A method for determining at least one gas parameter, of a flowing gas, by means of a flow meter, comprising a measurement section having a heating element and at least three temperature sensors, over which the gas is fed, at least one first temperature sensor being arranged upstream of the heating element, at least one second temperature sensor being arranged in the region of the heating element, and at least one third temperature sensor being arranged downstream of the heating element, wherein a calculation unit determines the at least one gas parameter as a function of the temperature measurement values at the first, second and third temperature sensors, and/or at least two separate gas parameters as a function of the temperature measurement values of individual different temperature sensors and/or the combinations of temperature measurement values of different temperature sensors.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. For example, systems and methods are described that can be used to treat feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, in a vault in which the equipment is protected from radiation and hazardous gases by equipment enclosures. The equipment enclosures may be purged with gas.

Abstract: A partially-reduced iron producing apparatus includes: a supplying device laying ignition raw-material pellets on an endless-grate; a heating furnace heating the ignition raw-material pellets; another supplying device laying the raw material pellets on the ignition raw-material pellets; and an exhaust gas circulation device supplying an oxygen-containing gas to the raw-material pellets. The oxygen containing gas is made by circulating part of an exhaust gas discharged from the raw-material pellets and mixing it with air. A partially-reduced iron is produced by thermally reducing the raw-material pellets in a bed height direction thereof through separate combustion and heating regions. The combustion region formed on an upstream side in a travelling direction of the endless grate by supplying the oxygen-containing gas having a high oxygen concentration.

Abstract: A reduction furnace includes a pellet material supplying device forming on a grate an ignition carbon material layer having a predetermined height; an ignition device; and an exhaust gas circulation device supplying an oxygen-containing gas comprising circulated exhaust gas mixed with air, to a packed bed of the pellets heated by a combustion heat of the ignition carbon material layer. A partially-reduced iron is produced by thermally reducing the pellets through a combustion region for the ignition carbon material layer and a heating region, the combustion region formed upstream in a travelling direction of the grate by supplying a gas having a high oxygen concentration, the heating region formed downstream of the combustion region by supplying a gas having a low oxygen concentration.

Abstract: In the present pelletizing apparatus, the induration of iron ore concentrate pellets is achieved in a tunnel furnace heated by plasma torches, wherein the generation of by the conventional iron ore pelletizing processes is reduced by using electricity powered plasma torches instead of burning natural gas, heavy oil or pulverized coal in burners, thereby reducing considerably industrial pollution of the atmosphere.

Abstract: A method and system for making metallic iron nodules with reduced CO2 emissions is disclosed. The method includes: assembling a linear hearth furnace having entry and exit portions, at least a conversion zone and a fusion zone, and a moving hearth adapted to move reducible iron bearing material through the furnace on contiguous hearth sections; assembling a shrouded return substantially free of air ingress extending adjacent at least the conversion and fusion zones of the furnace through which hearth sections can move from adjacent the exit portion to adjacent the entry portion of the furnace; transferring the hearth sections from the furnace to the shrouded return adjacent the exit portion; reducing reducible material in the linear hearth furnace to metallic iron nodules; and transporting gases from at least the fusion zone to the shrouded return to heat the hearth sections while in the shrouded return.

Abstract: An apparatus for the thermal treatment of lump or agglomerated material in a firing machine includes a travelling grate configured to convey the material through the firing machine. A firing chamber has a ceiling and side walls and is configured to generate temperatures required for the thermal treatment. The ceiling has a plurality of openings and the side walls have a plurality of burners that are directed obliquely upwards. A cooling zone is configured to pass cooling gases through the thermally treated material so as to heat the cooling gases. A recuperation tube is configured to recirculate the heated cooling gases to the firing chamber through the openings in the ceiling.

Abstract: A hearth furnace for producing metallic iron material has a furnace housing having a drying/preheat zone, a conversion zone, a fusion zone, and optionally a cooling zone, the conversion zone is between the drying/preheat zone and the fusion zone. A moving hearth is positioned within the furnace housing. A hood or separation barrier within at least a portion of the conversion zone, fusion zone or both separates the fusion zone into an upper region and a lower region with the lower region adjacent the hearth and the upper region adjacent the lower region and spaced from the hearth. An injector introduces a gaseous reductant into the lower region adjacent the hearth. A combustion region may be formed above the hood or separation barrier.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing iron sinter is provided. A cooling system is arranged downstream of a furnace for cooling the iron sinter. The cooling system includes a convective cooling system for forcing air into the iron sinter and an evaporative cooling system for directing fluid into the hot sinter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite system that includes a reduction system for reducing oxides in a continuous process, a process assembly for manufacturing liquid metal in a discontinuous process, wherein a reduction product is fed from the reduction system to the process assembly, at least one buffer device for receiving the reduction product and further starting materials and also for charging the process assembly, and a conveyor system for transporting the reduction product from the reduction system into the at least one buffer device.

Abstract: A thermal system for separating out co-mingled metals in almost pure form, the system including a tunnel kiln having temperature zones through which the co-mingled metals are conveyed and progressively heated until at least one metal of the co-mingled metals melts thereby separating the melted metal from the other metal or metals of the co-mingled metals. The system includes molten metal catch basins for collecting the melted metal which are arranged beneath a conveyor on which the co-mingled metals are transported within the kiln. The catch basins are tapped to the outside of the kiln so that as the various metals melt out at progressively higher temperatures, they can be collected into cast iron chills or other collection devices to form pure ingots.

Abstract: A multiple moving hearth furnace (10) having a furnace housing (11) with at least two moving hearths (20) positioned laterally within the furnace housing, the hearths moving in opposite directions and each moving hearth (20) capable of being charged with at least one layer of iron oxide and carbon bearing material at one end, and being capable of discharging reduced material at the other end. A heat insulating partition (92) is positioned between adjacent moving hearths of at least portions of the conversion zones (13), and is capable of communicating gases between the atmospheres of the conversion zones of adjacent moving hearths. A drying/preheat zone (12), a conversion zone (13), and optionally a cooling zone (15) are sequentially positioned along each moving hearth (30) in the furnace housing (11).

Abstract: A rotary furnace hearth wherein a hearth carriage carrying a hearth comprises a plurality of hearth carriages respectively having propulsion systems, wherein adjoining hearth carriages are coupled by coupling bolts and nuts via spacers interspaced in a single row in a horizontal plane, whereby even if the hearth carriages deform due to heat at the time of operation, they are structured to be able to freely deform without mutual constraint in the event of curved deformation, so the hearth carriages are maintained in individually stable states at all times.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing iron sinter is provided. A cooling system is arranged downstream of a furnace for cooling the iron sinter. The cooling system includes a convective cooling system for forcing air into the iron sinter and an evaporative cooling system for directing fluid into the hot sinter.

Abstract: A process for sintering metal-containing materials, such as iron ores or manganese ores, on a sintering machine including a sintering belt for transporting the sinter mix during sintering thereof. The sintering belt has first, second and third portions. Sintering waste gas from the third portion is transported to and unified with sintering waste gas from the first portion in a mixing region to form a mixed gas, wherein the transporting distance of the sintering waste gas from the third portion to the mixing region is greater than the transporting distance of the sintering waste gas from the first portion to the mixing region. An apparatus for carrying out the process is disclosed, including the sintering belt, suction boxes operative at the portions of the belt, and lines for conveying the gas produced and the gases used in the process.

Abstract: Systems and methods for use in processing raw material (e.g., iron bearing material) include a linear furnace apparatus extending along a longitudinal axis between a charging end and a discharging end (e.g., the linear furnace apparatus includes at least a furnace zone positioned along the longitudinal axis). Raw material is provided into one or more separate or separable containers (e.g., trays) at the charging end of the linear furnace apparatus. The separate or separable containers are moved through at least the furnace zone and to the discharging end where the processed material is discharged resulting in one or more empty containers. One or more of the empty containers are returned to the charging end of the linear furnace apparatus to receive further raw material.

Abstract: A conveying system comprising elements for conveying lumpy, particularly hot, conveying stock and a cover for shielding the conveying stock. Disclosed are measures for inerting the conveying stock. A combined system encompasses a reduction plant for reducing oxides in a continuous process and processing unit for producing liquid metal in a discontinuous process. The reduction product is deliverable from the reduction plant to the processing unit. A method for coupling a reduction method used for reducing oxides in a continuous process and a method used for producing liquid metal in a discontinuous process. A reduction product from the reduction method is fed to the liquid metal production method for processing.

Abstract: A furnace sidewall structure of a rotary hearth furnace for making direct reduced iron which is agglomerated iron ore or waste iron oxide containing a reducing agent on a rotary hearth by heating or for heating at least one steel piece, wherein the rotary hearth furnace includes an outer furnace sidewall and an inner furnace sidewall, wherein at least one of the outer furnace sidewall and the inner furnace sidewall is polygonal. The furnace sidewall structure can be prepared with lower manufacturing costs relative to conventional circular profile rotary hearth furnace with respect to the furnace sidewall. The production thereof is easy with respect to manufacturing and with respect to the fact that the dimensional accuracy of the manufactured furnace sidewall can be easily adjusted. Also, there is associated a shorter installation/construction work period and a reduction in the installation/construction cost.

Abstract: A device for continuously measuring the temperature in pelletizing furnaces basically comprised of a plurality of temperature detectors (1, 2) disposed at fixed sites on the grate car (10) that follow the latter along the furnace and inform continuously and instantaneously the actual burning temperature of the product at the detected site through data collectors and measuring units; said data collectors being enclosed in housings (20) which also are attached to the grate car (10) in order to follow the latter while it moves through the interior of the furnace.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for recovering metal values from Electric Arc Furnace dust, particularly zinc and iron values, by mixing EAF dust and carbonaceous fines to form a particulate mixture; heating the mixture at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time to reduce and release volatile metals and alkali metals in a flue gas; collecting the released metals, and removing the metal values from the process as product.

Abstract: A device for continuously measuring the temperature in pelletizing furnaces basically comprised of a plurality of temperature detectors (1, 2) disposed at fixed sites on the grate car (10) that follow the latter along the furnace and inform continuously and instantaneously the actual burning temperature of the product at the detected site through data collectors and measuring units; said data collectors being enclosed in housings (20) which also are attached to the grate car (10) in order to follow the latter while it moves through the interior of the furnace.

Abstract: Traveling hearth furnace and an operating method thereof, which, when stacking a layer consisting of a mixture of oxides such as fine iron ore and a fine solid reducing material onto a horizontally traveling hearth and reducing the oxides through radiant heat transfer from above the hearth, is based on melting the reduction product in the course of up to a discharge port, and causing aggregation and separation of slag in from the reduction product, followed by solidifying the reducible material.

Abstract: A traveling hearth for producing reduced metal by charging and stacking a raw material containing a metal-containing material and a solid-reducing material on a horizontally moving hearth, arranged for disposing a solid-reducing material layer on the hearth, forming concave portions at the solid-reducing material surface, stacking the raw material on the surface of the solid-reducing material layer, reducing the raw material by at least once heating and melting the material on the hearth to separate metal and gangue and ash ingredients, and discharging metal from the hearth.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for conducting gas through material (1) to be sintered, which material is set in an essentially continuous motion, particularly when gas is used for sintering the material; said apparatus comprises a flow guide (7) for conducting gas essentially near to the material (1) to be sintered, and a gas collecting member (10) for collecting the gas that has been made to penetrate the material to be sintered. According to the invention, in the gas flow guide (7) the gas inlet (8) is located centrally with respect to the material (1) to be sintered, and the gas outlet (9) extends essentially over the whole material to be sintered in the transversal direction, when observed in the proceeding direction of said material; and the gas collecting member (10) is composed of funnel elements (11), which are installed essentially at the gas flow apertures (5) provided in the member for conveying the material to be sintered.

Abstract: In order to attain as low a final temperature as possible after as short a period of time as possible in a method of cooling hot briquetted sponge iron (3) under optimum utilization of the cooling medium, the hot briquetted sponge iron (3), in a first cooling step (11), is passed exclusively by a gaseous cooling medium while being gently cooled and subsequently, in a second cooling step (14), is sprayed with a liquid cooling medium, thus being intensively cooled to the final temperature desired.

Abstract: A traveling gate system for treating mineral ores that incorporate a cooling zone intermediate to heating zones to enable the use of a longer gate chain and additional heating zones to further refine the heat treating process of a traveling gate system. In the cooling zone the gas is forced upward to initially contact the gate chain and cool it and prevent the chain parts from exceeding their high temperature limit. Appropriate gases such as air can be selected for the cooling gas to further enhance the treatment of the material being processed on the gate chain.

Abstract: A system and process for treating dust and sludge from iron and steel making operations and includes separating iron and carbon from zinc and lead. Separation is performed in a series of hydrocyclones associated in a series-parallel fashion, The iron and carbon is recycled within the iron making operation without detriment to furnace liners, Lime and flocculent are added to the lead and zinc to create a stable material suitable for landfill disposal, Sludges are consumed by injection onto a sinter strand.

Abstract: Sealing apparatus of wind boxes at both the ore charge and discharge sides of a Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine provides a plurality of seal members disposed in series in close contact with the bottom surface of pallets of the sintering machine, and a seal chamber communicating with a space provided between these seal members. The seal members are rotatable rolls having seal plates projectingly installed radially on the outer periphery thereof, and may be rolls with these seal plates held in close contact with the bottom surface of the pallets and the inner surface of the seal chamber, or may be flat seal plates with their flat surface firmly pressed against the bottom surface of the pallets. In the seal chamber is mounted an independent exhaust fan for the removal of air, further improving sealing performance.

Abstract: In an apparatus for feeding a sintering raw mix, a plurality of bars downwardly sloped in a falling direction of the sintering raw mix onto a pallet of a sintering apparatus is provided so that the falling direction of the raw mix is opposite to the advancing direction of the pallet, a screen is formed by rotatably supporting the bars, and the upper ends of the bars are connected to a rotating drive(s).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for gas treating a particle bed wherein a uniform temperature gradient is achieved. A support member, such as a grate, serves to support a bed of particles on a surface thereof. The support member is moved in a predetermined direction. Gas is released from a plurality of positions at different depths in the bed.

Abstract: The thermal treatment is effected in that hot gases are passed through the charge bed. Hot gases are passed downwardly through the charge bed in heat treating zone, oxygen-containing cooling gases are passed upwardly through the charge bed in a cooling zone, and the cooling gases which have been heated are conducted under a continuous gas hood from the cooling zone into the heat treating zone.

Abstract: The combustion, cooling or other treatment of solids with the aid of gas may take place on a grate carrying or conveying said solids while the gas is passed through openings provided in the surface of the grate. In order to retain said solids entirely above said grate surface, to cool the grate surface sufficiently and to distribute the gas evenly in the solids to be treated, thin slots, inclined in the direction of transport, curved in the manner of a siphone and maintaining a high resistance to gas penetration are provided in grate plates composed to form a grate. The slots are formed between elements of such grate plates which can be manufactured by casting. The design of these grate plates avoids the necessity of handling dribblings passing said grates. The grate plates can be aerated through grate beams carrying them.

Abstract: This improved ignition device for a moving grate type sintering machine is an inexpensive, compact combustion device which can form a strip of flame extending uniformly and continuously over the width of the strand. This ignition device can provide a uniform ignition intensity, and the ignition conditions of the raw mix can be controlled optimally by moving the burner and a hood therefor vertically and/or rotatably in accordance with the operational conditions of the sintering process. The ignition device thus contributes to prevent the sintered ore from being unevenly sintered, and to save heating energy.

Abstract: A treating furnace for manufacturing non-fired iron-bearing pellets comprising a green iron-bearing pellet inlet at one end thereof and a non-fired iron-bearing pellet outlet at the other end. Green iron-bearing pellets are continuously fed into the treating furnace through said inlet and after being heated are discharged through said outlet. The treating furnace contains at least one heating gas blowing port for blowing heating gas into the furnace and at least one heating gas discharge port for discharging said gas after it has heated the pellets. The furnace also contains a preheating zone and at least one preheating gas blowing port and at least one preheating gas discharge port to pass preheating gas through said preheating zone. The heating gas discharged from the heating gas discharge port is used as the preheating gas.

Abstract: A sintering machine for pulverulent ore concentrates containing sulfidic metals including an ignition zone, a sintering zone and at least two cooling zones wherein there is total recirculation of cooling gases between two cooling zones and including a recuperative heat exchanger for cooling the exhaust gas from the first cooling zone, prior to its introduction to the second cooling zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for the sintering of an ore using gaseous fuel. A layer of noncombustible particulate mineral material is arranged on a supporting grate, and hot fumes derived from gaseous fuel are passed downwardly through the layer of material. The temperature of the hot fumes is sufficient to initiate fusion or sintering of the mineral material. Predrying, sintering and cooling means are provided along the length of the supporting grate in order to effect the desired sintering.

Abstract: A vibrating conveyor for delivering a stream of green pellets having a predetermined average diameter to a conveying surface of a wide belt conveyor. The vibrating conveyor has a vibrating deck having a discharge edge and conveys the green pellets along a conveyance path to the discharge edge. The discharge edge extends at an acute angle to the conveyance path. A series of elongated distributing bars or rows of bosses protrude upwardly from an upper surface of the deck along the entire conveyance path and extend along lines transverse to, and spaced along, the conveyance path, the elongated distributing bars or bosses having a height of 7.5 to 30 mm.

Abstract: An apparatus for delivering a stream of green pellets has a wide belt conveyor and a vibrating conveyor having a deck for supporting the green pellets and conveying the green pellets to the wide belt conveyor in a direction of conveyance over a discharge edge. The discharge edge has an adjustable configuration and extends at an acute angle to the conveyance direction across the conveyance surface of the wide belt conveyor whereby the green pellets discharged over the edge form a layer on the conveyance surface. A plurality of parallel deck bars are axially slidably connected to the vibrating conveyor deck and have end portions protruding therefrom in the conveyance direction, the protruding deck bar ends defining the discharge edge. The deck bars are connected to drives for axially sliding the deck bars for adjusting the discharge edge configuration.

Abstract: The invention comprises a sinter belt and a collector, vacuum chambers, a gas cleaning device, an air purifying device, and an exhauster mounted adjacent the belt. Above the sinter belt are mounted assemblies for loading a bed and a charge, and an ignition hearth. Downstream from the sinter belt are mounted a sinter breaker and an inclined chute wherein are mounted vibrating screens communicating with a cooler for a sinter return and for the bed, and an air classifier. The air classifier comprises a fan, a diffuser, a movable grid for varying the speed of the air produced by the fan, and a partition member forming a settling chamber together with the chute. Within the settling chamber is mounted a device for settling coarse fines, said device communicating with the collector through the air purifying device, and with the cooler for the sinter return.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for igniting a sinter mix composed of a solid fuel and sintering material on a sintering machine in which the sinter mix is passed underneath an ignition kiln with closed end and side walls and a closed hood, whereby hot flue gases are generated in the ignition kiln above the sintering material and these hot flue gases heat and ignite the surface of the sintering material by radiation and convection. A rapid, uniform and economical ignition is thereby attained in that flue gases from one or more approximately stoichiometrically operated burners are introduced into the upper region of the igniting kiln and that gases with an increased oxygen content are introduced into the lower region in such a manner that a kiln atmosphere results which, in the upper region of the igniting hood, is hotter and relatively impoverished in oxygen, while in the lower region it is cooler and relatively oxygen enriched.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for clean, low loss melting of aluminum using heat transfer by convection and radiation in separate stages. Heat input to a melter stage is provided by silicon carbide tubes into which gas-fueled burners fire so that the tubes radiate heat to a molten aluminum bath. Combustion products exiting the silicon carbide tubes pass through recuperators, preheating burner combustion air. The combustion products then are piped to a preheater stage and formed into jets of hot gases. The jets are directed into convective contact with solid aluminum stock as the stock is transported along a conveyor, preheating the stock to a temperature of about 1,000.degree. F. The solid stock then is fed to the charge zone of the melter stage and melted by contact with the molten bath.

Abstract: A sintering plant of the type sintering raw materials, such as pulverized ores, while transporting them with a conveyor, in which quicklime is fed to the lower layer of the raw materials on the conveyor so that SO.sub.x produced during sintering process may be mainly contained in gases discharged to the downstream half of wind box array disposed below the conveyor and the gases only from the downstream half are fed through a heat exchanger to a desulfurization equipment having a relatively low capacity. The heat exchanger is arranged to heat water to be fed to a device, such as waste heat boiler, adapted to be operated with thermal energy recovered from a cooler for cooling the finished sinter discharged from the conveyor, whereby the thermal efficiency of the plant can be much improved.

Abstract: In a process for hardening oxidizable green iron ore pellets in a closed horizontal grate or a circular grate furnace adapted therefor, and in which zone the flow of gases is in a downward direction towards the pellets on the grate, the improvement comprising:(a) covering the periphery of at least part of the zone with at least two hoods to provide a hooded area on each side of the top of the grate under the periphery of the grate passes, the distance between the inner edges of the periphery of the grate, as measured horizontally from inner edge to inner edge across the width of the grate along a line perpendicular to the path of the grate, being at least about 4 feet, and the hoods being located below the theoretical midpoint between the top of the pellet bed and the roof of the furnace; and(b) passing at least one gas stream consisting essentially of oxygen within each hooded area in such a manner that the stream flows in a downward direction towards and through the periphery of the bed of pellets on the gr

Abstract: In a process for hardening oxidizable green iron ore pellets in a closed grate-kiln furnace adapted therefor, and in which zone the flow of gases is in a downward direction towards the bed of pellets on the gratethe improvement comprising:(a) covering the periphery of at least part of the zone with at least two hoods to provide a hooded area on each side of the top of the grate under which the periphery of the grate passes, the distance between the inner edges of the periphery of the grate, as measured horizontally from inner edge to inner edge across the width of the grate along a line perpendicualr to the path of the grate, being at least about 4 feet, and the hoods being located below the theoretical midpoint between the top of the pellet bed and the roof of the furnace; and(b) passing at least one gas stream consisting essentially of oxygen within each hooded area in such a manner that the stream flows in a downward direction towards and through the periphery of the bed of pellets on the grate passing thr

Abstract: In an apparatus for feeding a sintering raw mix, a plurality of bars downwardly sloped in a falling direction of the sintering raw mix onto a pallet of a sintering apparatus is provided so that the falling direction of the raw mix is opposite to the advancing direction of the pallet, a screen is formed by rotatably supporting the bars, and the upper ends of the bars are connected to a rotating drive(s).