Abstract: A rolling bearing assembly includes an inner ring supported by a shaft or formed by a surface of the shaft, an outer ring supported in a housing or formed by a surface of the housing, a plurality of rolling elements disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and at least one distance sensor configured to measure a distance between the shaft and the housing in order to detect wear of the rolling bearing.

Abstract: A submerged combustion melting system includes a submerged combustion melter having a housing that defines a melting chamber and one or more vibration damping devices operatively coupled to the housing.

Abstract: A submerged combustion melting system (90) includes a submerged combustion melter (100) having a housing (102) that defines a melting chamber (104) and one or more vibration damping devices (340) operatively coupled to the housing (102).

Abstract: A self-adjusting instrumented rolling bearing providing an outer ring and an inner ring delimiting a rolling chamber and at least one row of rolling elements disposed therein, and a detection device including a target integral with the outer ring and a sensor integral with the inner ring, configured to detect a relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring around a central axis. The outer ring has an inner surface in the form of a spherical portion centered about a tilting center of the bearing and forming a rolling surface for the rolling elements. The radius of the inner surface of the outer ring is greater than a distance defined between the tilting center of the bearing and a specific position of the sensor that is the farthest from the tilting center.

Abstract: An actuating device has an actuating member (2) pivotable in a first operating state about an axis (1). The actuating member (2) is connected in a torsion-proof manner with a toothed member (3). The toothed member (3), in a second operating state, prevents pivoting movement of the actuating member (2). The toothed member is coupled, in a lockable manner, with a detent member (4). The detent member 4 is movably mounted with respect to the axis (1).

Abstract: In a method for operating a converter (1), in which the converter (1) is mounted in a carrying ring (3) by means of carrying journals (2), a gear mechanism (4) is mounted in a floating manner on the carrying journals (2), the converter (1) is configured, as a result, such that it can tilt about its horizontal axis and the gear mechanism (4) is connected rigidly to a pedestal (6) by a torque support (5), the torque support (5) connects the gear mechanism (4) to the pedestal (6) during the tilting operation of the converter (1), and the torque support (5) is released from the pedestal (6) or from the gear mechanism (4) or from both during operation of the converter (1).

Abstract: A metallurgical vessel having support brackets mounted on a vessel wall. The support brackets are mounted by a mounting system on a support body that does not completely surround the circumference of the vessel. The mounting system includes clamps that act on the support brackets. A coupling device is provided, which has, a first coupling component designed as a male part mounted on the support body and a second coupling component designed as a female part mounted on the vessel wall. The first and second coupling components are configured and arranged so as to automatically engage when the clamps are in the engaged position and to automatically disengage when the clamps are not in the engaged position. The coupling device has sealing elements and a coupling mechanism of the first coupling component relative to the second coupling component.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing steels with predominantly high Cr content and/or ferro-alloys, wherein the metal charge is melted in a melting crucible, is alloyed, refined and reduced, and wherein process gases are simultaneously supplied through bottom nozzles. A melting crucible is used with a specific reaction volume of 0.4 to 1.5 m3/t steel and the injection rates of the process gases are controlled in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 N m3/t/min. The solid charge material is melted by an electric arc and air/nitrogen are injected simultaneously and, after forming a liquid sump, a gas mixture of oxygen and inert gas is injected. After adding slag-forming constituents and alloying agents, the oxygen throughput is increased and the power of the electric arc is reduced accordingly. The oxygen throughput is reduced in relation to the inert gas during refining and decarburization takes place as a result of increasing the electric arc with low chromium slag formation.

Abstract: A device for immobilizing an element (1) of a kinematic system comprising a member (11) having on its periphery upstanding parts and recessed parts of complementary profile to upstanding and recessed parts of the element to be immobilized and mounted at the end of an arm (14), a unit for moving the member (11) between a passive position disengaged from the element (1) to be immobilized and an position in which the respective upstanding and recessed parts of the element (1) and the member interpenetrate to immobilize the element (1) for placing the upstanding parts opposite the recessed parts of the element (1) and the member (11), respectively, and a device for detecting the position of the arm (14) carrying the member (11). The invention applies to immobilizing a toothed ring of a steelmaking converter ladle.

Abstract: A converter including a tiltable body, a mantle ring spaced from the converter body, supportable in support lugs and having a rectangular cross-section with upper and lower flanges, and lamella suspensions and body guides for connecting the mantle ring with the converter body, with the lamella suspension including a lamella pair having one of its opposite ends releasably secured to a first attachment bracket connected to the lower flange of the mantle ring, and having another of its opposite ends releasably secured to the second attachment bracket connected with the converter body, and with the body guide including two walls secured to the mantle ring, and a guide element displaceable backlash-free between the two guide walls in a circumferential direction and releasably connected to a third attachment bracket secured to the converter body.

Abstract: A converter is provided having a converter vessel carried on a trunnion ring by a mounting system. The mounting system has six mounting elements including a plurality of mounting elements incorporating pendulum rods and one mounting element incorporating a stabilizer device. Each pendulum rod is connected at one end to the trunnion ring and at the other end to the converter vessel. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mounting system includes three longitudinal mounting devices each having a longitudinal pendulum rod; two transverse mounting devices each having a transverse pendulum rod; and a stabilizer device having a pair of spaced stabilizer blocks connected to the trunnion ring and a pair of stabilizer elements connected to the converter vessel. The longitudinal mounting devices and the stabilizer device are located below the trunnion ring and the transverse mounting devices are located above the trunnion ring when the converter vessel is in an upright position.

Abstract: To improve operation, particularly to allow more universal use, in which both liquid and solid crude metal, especially iron can be refined in only one reactor vessel, a reactor vessel (1) is of converter-like design with a relatively large space above a melt (7) and with slag (8) lying above said melt. For the removal of slag (8) via a closable slag channel (18'), the meltdown apparatus can be rotated about a center of rotation (20) through .+-.8.degree.. For the complete removal of the melt (7) via a closable melt channel (17') in the bottom region of the meltdown apparatus, the latter can be rotated about a center of rotation (19) through .+-.30.sup.. A magnetic coil (16) fed with direct current and arranged around the meltdown apparatus (1) serves for the magnetic damping of movements of melt (7) and/or slag (8) inside the meltdown apparatus. In the converter mode, a graphite electrode (5) used in the arc mode is replaced by a gas supply conduit, through which oxygen is then supplied under pressure.

Abstract: An inexpensive crucible capable of obtaining a high analytical accuracy is provided. A circular projection is formed in a portion above a portion having an intermediate height on an inner circumferential surface of the graphite crucible to prevent contamination of the sample gases.

Abstract: A tiltable converter arrangement is disclosed in which a converter vessel is supported by a carrying ring surrounding and spaced from the converter. The carrying ring includes two diametrically oppositely arranged carrying trunnions. The converter is supported within the carrying ring by a plurality of guide rods, the converter being movable in the upright position. Each of the guide rods is designed as a pendulum rod each have a first end and a second end in which the first end is connected to the carrying ring by means of a spherical bearing and the second end connected to the converter vessel also by means of a spherical bearing, such as to provide an articulate universal joint between the carrying ring and the converter vessel.

Abstract: An induction furnace (1) for melting and casting purposes has a closed crucible pot (2) with a pot bottom (3) and a cover (4), a crucible (6) housed in the crucible pot and surrounded by an induction coil (7), and an ascending tube (9) reaching into the crucible, through which the crucible can be emptied into a casting apparatus by means of gas pressure. To permit continuous operation and measurements and analyses during operation, the ascending tube (9) is fastened exclusively to the pot bottom (3) and connected with a horizontal delivery tube (11) which is brought through a side wall of the pot bottom (3). Furthermore, above a separation seam (24) between pot bottom (3) and cover (4) a turret (39) with a vertical axis of rotation is disposed, which has a charging air lock (26) for charging the crucible (6) with melt material (27) and a measuring chamber (36). The charging air lock and measuring chamber can be connected alternately with an air lock valve (25) which is disposed on the top of the cover (4).

Abstract: A shield comprising a refractory material resistant to pentration by a continuous stream of molten steel and a retaining means to hold the refractory material contiguous to a heat absorption surface.

Abstract: A torque support for drives riding on trunnions, in particular for converter tilt drives, including a gear housing mounted on the trunnion which is rotatable about an axis of rotation, a drive motor attached by a flange or bolting to a step-down gearing which engages, via pinion, with a larger gear wheel fixed for rotation on the trunnion. The torque support includes a pair of guide rods located symmetrically to the axis of rotation of the trunnion, each guide rod includes a first and second oppositely positioned part, the first and second rod part have an upper and lower end and a respective free end opposite thereto; the upper ends are pivotally mounted on the gear housing and the lower ends are connected to each other via either a compression-tension bar or torsion shaft, upon which the lower ends are pivotally mounted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a converter comprising a vessel (1) resting on two supports (2) by means of two rotational bearing members (3) located diametrically opposite to each other and centered on the same tilting axis (15).According to the invention, the two bearing members of the vessel (1) consist respectively of two collars (3, 3') with a fairly large diameter, which bear against rollers (5) and which form an integral part of the vessel (1), each collar (3, 3') being fixed directly onto the side wall of the vessel along its internal edge (31); the diameter of the collar (3) being determined so that a connection over a sufficient length is ensured.The invention relates especially to the manufacture of steel.

Abstract: A casting device in particular a converter for pouring and/or treating of molten metal is provided with a tilting mechanism. A tilting arm with two turn- or tilting axles at least is provided for. A guiding segment allied to the tilting arm show--according to the relation to the tilting axle--different arc radii. The segment is motor-driven and spanned by one chain at least.

Abstract: A mechanism and flow conduits for introducing and transporting a set of separated fluids and a stream of solid fines through passageway in a rotating metallurgical converter for introducing such fluids and solid fines into a liquid metal contained in the converter.Stationary conduits from flow sources connect to a non rotative sleeve which forms the external portion of a rotary joint able to introduce a set of separated fluids into the rotating converter passageways. Each separated stationary fluid conduit connects to port holes in the fixed sleeve to lead the flow to the interior of the sleeve, and connects a circumferential channel formed in rotating rings located between a rotating shaft affixed to the converter vessel trunnion pin and the static sleeve with a seal between each adjacent ring and corresponding channel. A port hole is located in each rotating channel ring for leading the fluid through internal flow paths inside and along the axis of the shaft body.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rotary joint for introducing a plurality of different separated fluids from a first static system, to a second system that is rotating with respect to the first, namely for passing fluids and solid fines carried in fluids into a rotatable iron converter through rotary trunnion couplings. The separated different fluids are passed simultaneously through a stationary cylindrical sleeve surrounding a rotating core shaft coupled to the trunnion. Conduits housed in such stationary sleeve pass the fluids to separate circumferential channels axially located along the rotating shaft from which a set of independent lines transporting fluids axially through the trunnion which is rotating with respect to the receiving static sleeve. Between the separate channels in the rotating shaft there are seals that do not permit the passage of a fluid from a given channel conduit into any other. This makes the conduction of fluids in the lines and/or channels independent of each other.

Abstract: A tiltable metallurgical vessel is rotatable about pivot pins which are supported in bearings. At least one of the pivot pins is hollow so that a material carrying conduit can pass through the pivot pin desired materials from a remote source to a desired operational site of the furnace. In addition, other material carrying conduits are provided to the operational sites of the furnace. These latter conduits are connected, at one end, to stationary tapping points and, at the other end, to the operational sites of the vessel. The conduits are guided around (by being coiled by at least one full turn) an enlarged cylindrical portion of the hollow pivot pins.In one embodiment of the invention, the enlarged cylindrical portion of the hollow pins are winding drums which are themselves constructed of symmetrical cylinder halves. In this manner, the winding drum can be easily retrofitted onto a preexisting vessel.

Abstract: A tilt drive is provided for a metallurgical vessel which is mounted on a large sprocket wheel driven by two or more reduction gears. The reduction gears are joined by a torque equalizing apparatus which transmits torque from the pinion of one gear to the pinion of the other, thus acting as a forced synchronizer. The torque equalizing apparatus is effective in both the dynamic and static operations of the drive.

Abstract: A molten metal processing vessel is supported on a trunnion support by a plurality of upper and lower link members each having a pair of legs. One pair of link member legs are coupled to and are disposed between three hinge members affixed to the vessel. The other legs of the upper members are also pivotally connected to and disposed between three hinge members mounted atop the trunnion support and the other legs of the lower members are pivotally connected to and disposed between three hinge members mounted on an auxiliary ring disposed adjacent the lower end of the trunnion support. The gap between the legs which are coupled to the vessel is greater than those coupled to the trunnion support. The trunnion support includes a plurality of spring washers disposed between an auxiliary ring and a trunnion and are prestressed by a spring seat and tapered spring adjustment members.

Abstract: A device for the gasification of carbon containing material to obtain the continuous production of gas, essentially a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by using the molten metal bath process is provided. The carbon material, oxidizing agents, and slag-forming additives as needed are introduced into a reactor below the surface of a molten metal bath. The reactor is provided with outlets for the slag, gases, and molten metal. The reactor is also provided with the ability to tilt, swivel, or rotate about a horizontal axis. This rotational movement causes the molten metal bath to alter its location within the reactor, allowing for replacement of the input apparatus of the raw materials, which are normally below the surface, without the necessity of draining the molten metal bath from the reactor.

Abstract: A crucible of a converter is mounted to a pair of supports and releasably coupled to a tilt drive. Secured to each of the supports is a bearing assembly within which a crucible trunnion is journalled. A slidable coupling shaft interconnects an internally toothed output gear of the tilt drive and an internally toothed gear fixed to one of the trunnions. The coupling shaft includes a spur gear adjacent each of its ends. One coupling gear engages the trunnion internal gear while the other engages the tilt drive internal gear. The peripheral surface of each coupling gear comprises a spherical segment to provide an articulated connection for accommodating axial misalignment between the trunnion and the tilt drive internal gears. To disconnect the crucible from the tilt drive, the coupling shaft is displaced axially away from the trunnion until the spherical segment gear disengages the trunnion gear. The coupling shaft includes a spindle coaxially mounted to its tilt drive end.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying fluids to a converter has a rotary joint coupled to a trunnion shaft, one end of the rotary joint being connected to fluid supply pipes and the other end to fluid conduits communicating with tuyeres at the bottom of the converter. The rotary joint comprises a fixed casing and a rotary assembly, that is sealedly and rotatably fitted in the casing and connected to the trunnion shaft. The rotary assembly has a cylindrical member fitting in the casing. A plurality of axially spaced, circular communication grooves are provided in at least one of the internal surface of the casing and the external surface of the cylindrical member. The cylindrical member is provided with a passageway which opens into the communication grooves at one end and into the atmosphere where the cylindrical member emerges outside the casing at the other.

Abstract: A tiltable converter vessel is supported on a carrying body arranged about its shell by means of lug pairs accommodating bearing forces, the lugs of each lug pair being arranged opposite each other on both sides of the carrying body. At least one lug of each lug pair is supported on the carrying body by at least one piston-cylinder unit whose piston is hydraulically adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the converter vessel. At least one further piston-cylinder unit is arranged parallel to the extension of the carrying ring.

Abstract: A metallurgical vessel has upper and lower brackets which engage a trunnion ring for support along inclined surfaces whose total vertical angle has a tangent equal to the growth of the vessel radially in the region of its said brackets to the elongation of that portion of the vessel between the brackets.

Abstract: In a torque support arrangement for a gear mounted so as to be movable about a pivot axis, wherein the gear is supported against the base on both sides of the pivot axis by an elastic supporting arrangement, the supporting arrangement includes a pressure-medium piston-cylinder to which pressure gas is admitted and whose position relative to the base is adjustable by means of an adjustment device.

Abstract: A hood-like chamber over a converter vessel for refining pig iron, affords the collection of exhaust gases from the vessel and the direction of the gases into an exhaust gas line. The chamber is formed by a top wall containing an opening into the exhaust gas line, and side walls extend downwardly from the top wall. The lower ends of the side walls are located above the bottom of the vessel. A flange extends inwardly from the lower end of the side walls into contact with a collar extending radially outwardly from a support ring encircling the vessel. A seal can be provided between the flange and the collar to prevent the passage of air between them into the chamber. Alternatively, a gap can be left between the flange and the collar to admit a certain amount of secondary air into the chamber.

Abstract: A tilting drive arrangement for a converter has a spur gear wheel fastened to a tilting trunnion of the converter and engaging with at least two pinions driven by a common motor. At least one shaft is provided for a common rotation of the pinions. The pinions are mounted in a carrying gear casing that is overmounted on the trunnion in a position outside the horizontal plane extending through the tilting axis of the converter. A torsionally elastic shaft between the pinions or a pivotally mounted reduction gear on each pinion are provided to produce a uniform torque distribution to the pinions.

Abstract: A metallurgical vessel has releasably coupled, semicylindrical upper and lower sections arranged such that the axis of revolution of one section lies in a plane normal relative to the rotational axis of the other. The dimension of each section in the axial direction being the same as the dimension of the other section in the direction normal to the axis. The vessel is mounted for rotation about the axis of the lower section and an elongate charging mouth is formed in the upper section and is arranged with its major axis parallel to the axis of the lower section. A plurality of tuyeres extend through the lower section of the vessel and each tuyere includes a first tuyere pipe for injecting oxygen beneath the level of molten metal within the vessel, a second tuyere pipe disposed in surrounding relation to the oxygen pipe for injecting powdered materials entrained in a nonoxidizing gas and a third pipe surrounding the second pipe for injecting a hydrocarbon shielding fluid.

Abstract: A melt process apparatus having a melt receptacle held on the distal end of a cantilever supported beam. The support for the beam is elevatable and is pivotable about a vertical axis so that the receptacle can be raised, lowered, swung and tilted to facilitate loading, insertion of additives and pouring without transfer vessels and temperature loss. The support for the beam includes a weighing device for monitoring the quantity of melt placed therein. Various embodiments are shown.

Abstract: The invention refers to an apparatus for locking a converter tilting gear during a blasting operation, which apparatus is provided with a supplementary gear arrangement to facilitate counterrotation of pinions arranged in pairs versus the pivot pin gear wheel, so that the pinions may be locked and loosened by means of arresting brakes.The arrangement is such that the gear trains for the individual drive pinions can pivot in relation to the position of the pivot pin gear wheel in synchronized fashion to accommodate play between the cooperating gear teeth.

Abstract: A rotatable or tiltable metallurgical vessel, in particular a pig iron mixer, is mounted in a fixed bearing and an expansion bearing. A toothed element is arranged on the vessel jacket between the two bearings and a driven counter-element engages the toothed element. The expansion bearing and the fixed bearing are designed as slide bearings that include raceways fastened to the vessel jacket at a distance from each other, and arcuate slideways formed of slide plates that accommodate the raceways.

Abstract: The exhaust hood above a metallurgical furnace, where the furnace has an open top and is supported to move in a vertical arc beneath the hood from an upright position to tilt in one direction to a charging position and in the other direction to a tapping position, terminates in an opening which is usually circular and of a diameter such that it may receive gases and dust from the open top of the furnace when the furnace is tilted to one side or the other, as well as when it is vertical. A frame structure supported above the opening in the hood and arranged to be shifted horizontally relative to the hood has a panel suspended therefrom with operating means on the frame for swinging the panel in a vertical arc from a storage position where it is removed from the space between the top of the furnace and the hood downwardly to a level below the open end of the hood and then upwardly against the bottom of the hood to close the greater portion of the bottom of the hood and leave but a segment of the bottom open.

Abstract: A metallurgical vessel, particularly for use as a converter, includes a receptacle tiltably mounted on supporting journals fitted into bushings. Media for treating the contents of the receptacle and/or for cooling the outside walls of the receptacle is fed to the receptacle by feed and delivery pipes connected at one end to a distributor and at the other end to at least one of the bushings. A plurality of bores axially extending through the bushing and connected to the delivery pipes is provided as means for communicating the media to the receptacle. The bores extend parallel to the axis of the supporting journal and are disposed in a circumferential arrangement around and coaxial with the axis of the supporting journals.

Abstract: Flux is injected into the oxygen stream being fed to the tuyeres of a steel-refining converter, such as a Q-BOP converter or the like, and the rate of injection is controlled by varying the size of the outlet orifice of the flux-containing tank. The tank is pressurized to the same pressure as the oxygen stream into which the flux is being injected. The weight of flux in the tank is continuously measured and the actual weight is compared with a preset reference weight for each point in time. The difference between the two weights is used to drive a motor in either the forward or reverse direction to open or close the variable-orifice flux tank outlet valve an amount sufficient to adjust the actual injection rate to match the reference weight for a given time.The current weight of flux remaining in the tank is compared with an initial weight; when the difference between the two exceeds a preset total, a signal is generated which causes the motor to close the variable orifice valve.

Abstract: A converter for refining a liquid metal bath using simultaneous heating and blowing in comprises a metal vessel internally lined with refractory material, having an upwardly open mouth and having a generally cylindrofrustoconical shape which is a body of revolution about an axis, the vessel being mounted on, and rotatable about, its axis of revolution relative to a pivotable cradle, the vessel having a pouring spout and a set of tuyeres extending through a wall thereof, and a separate frustoconical cap connected to a gas collection hood for surmounting the vessel and provided with an opening through which a heating device can extend into the vessel, the arrangement being such that in the `normal` position of the vessel, for simultaneous blowing in and heating, the axis of revolution of the vessel is at an angle between 35.degree. and 55.degree. to the vertical, the pouring spout is upwardly directed, the tuyeres extend upwardly from the bottom of the vessel and the vessel is surmounted by the cap.

Abstract: A converter for the refinement of liquid metal comprising a generally cylindrical body having closed ends and an opening in the circumference thereof, the body being arranged with its axis horizontal and being rotatable thereabout, a refractory arch with a heating unit movable into one part of the opening in the "normal" position of the body in which the opening is in an upper part thereof, a gas collection system aligned with the other part of the opening in the "normal" position of the body, and blast pipes extending into the body through a lower part of the body in the "normal" position thereof.

Abstract: A medium-conduit-system for use in a tiltable-metallurgical-vessel-arrangement of the type including a carrying ring for the vessel, tilting trunnions on the carrying ring and base-supported bearings for the tilting trunnions, wherein at least one of the tilting trunnions is hollow, has a first pipe in the hollow trunnion and a second pipe extending through the carrying ring changing the direction and connected by a flange connection with screws to the first pipe, the screws having extensions projecting to the outside of the vessel-arrangement, and a supply system is connected to the second pipe.

Abstract: A tilting drive arrangement for a converter comprises a gear arranged on a tilting trunnion, a torque support for supporting the gear on the base, and a measuring device for measuring the tilting moment, which measuring device is arranged in the torque support between the base and the gear.

Abstract: A bearing arrangement for a tilting trunnion of a metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter in a steel making plant, has an inner race, an outer race, bearing bodies arranged therebetween, and at least one sensor device with a sensor pin. The sensor device penetrates the outer race and contacts the inner race forming a sensing point. Also, the sensor device has a fixed point with the sensor pin being movable relative to the fixed point and the distance between the sensing point and the fixed point being measurable.

Abstract: A tiltable metallurgical vessel arrangement, in particular a converter for a steel making plant, has carrying trunnions, a fixed bearing, an expansion bearing, bearing housings for the bearings, and force measuring means resting on a supporting construction with bearing housings resting on the force measuring means. Vertical sliding faces provided on each bearing housing and on the supporting construction at both sides of the carrying trunnion axes form guides and counter-guides that engage each other so as to prevent horizontal motion of the bearing housings in the direction of the axes of the carrying trunnions.

Abstract: A tiltable metallurgical vessel arrangement, in particular a steel making plant converter, has carrying trunnions arranged in bearings, one of the bearings being a fixed bearing and one being an expansion bearing, and bearing housings for the bearings; the bearing housings have supporting faces which rest on counter-supporting faces of a base-supported supporting construction; at least one of the bearing housings has two supporting faces arranged at a distance from each other and a strain measuring means connected to the bearing housing between the supporting faces thereof to indicate a sagging of said bearing housing under load.

Abstract: An existing basic oxygen type top-blown steel converter vessel is transformed into a bottom-blown type where gases and finely divided materials may be blown into the vessel through tuyeres in its side wall and in its bottom. The existing trunnion shafts on which the existing vessel is supported for tilting are bored at the installation site to provide a plurality of passageways for conducting finely divided materials, gases and cooling water to the various tuyeres and to the trunnion ring which supports the vessel, respectively. Special multipurpose rotary joints are used to connect the tiltable vessel to sources of the gases and finely divided materials.

Abstract: An improvement in the refining of molten metals in a converter by means of oxygen introduced into the metal through tuyeres which include two concentric pipes, oxygen being passed into the melt through the central pipe and a protective fluid being passed into the melt as a sheath or screen around the oxygen, through the clearance space between the two pipes. In the present invention two tuyeres, disposed horizontally and each passing through the convertor sidewall permit refining to be accomplished without any slopping or splashing of the melt and with only minor wear of the convertor lining.

Abstract: A tiltable metallurgical converter arrangement, with a fixed bearing and an expansion bearing for the carrying trunnions, has bearing housings arranged on load cells that rest on a supporting construction designed as a sole plate. The bearing housings are secured relative to the supporting construction by adapted to accommodate tensile forces and connecting means arranged in a horizontal plane opposite each other. Thus a strictly vertical force impact on the load cells is guaranteed.

Abstract: A furnace vessel is supported by way of a pair of trunnion pins rotatably mounted in bearings on pedestal structures. To allow vibrations set up in the vessel in the direction parallel to the common axis of the trunnion pins to be absorbed, the pedestal structures are pivotably mounted on fixed supports so as to be pivotable about a pair of parallel axes spaced from and normal to the common axis of the trunnion pins, and at least one of the structures has damping means associated therewith by which movement of the structure and hence of the vessel can be absorbed.