Abstract: A tuned liquid damper, including a first outer housing having two ends, the first end being open to the atmosphere and the second end being connected by a conduit to a gas-filled second outer housing. The conduit may be adapted to allow gas flow between the second end and the second outer housing. The tuned liquid damper may also include first and second membranes, each attached to the inside of the first outer housing, and a sealed compartment within the first outer housing defined by the first and second membranes. The sealed compartment may be at least partially filled with a liquid, which prevents gas flow through the first outer housing from the first end to the second end.

Abstract: A fluid-enclosed engine mount may include an insulator mounted between a core configured to be connected to an engine and an external pipe configured to be connected to a vehicle body, the insulator being provided with an internal space enclosing fluid; an orifice module disposed at the inside of a lower side portion of the insulator to divide the internal space into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the orifice module being provided with a fluid passage for allowing fluid to fluidically-communicate between the upper chamber and the lower chamber; a support member disposed between an external surface of the orifice module and the lower side portion of the insulator to elastically support the orifice module to be vertically movable; and a pipe member disposed between the lower side portion of the insulator and the support member to support an external surface of the support member.

Abstract: A brake system damping device includes a first space to which hydraulic pressure is to be applied, a second space in which a compressible medium is situated, and a first separation element configured to separate the first space from the second space. The brake system damping device further includes a third space in which a compressible medium is situated and a second separation element configured the second space from the third space. The second space is connected in medium-conducting terms to the third space by a passage configured in the second separation element. The third space and the second separation element having the passage thereof are configured by an integral component.

Abstract: An air spring unit for a vehicle is described. The air spring unit forms a rolling fold and a cardanic fold. A type of bellows guidance of the air spring, the cardanic fold begins, at the rolling fold side, below that end of the external guide of the air spring unit which is at the air spring cover side. A cardanic fold of axially short construction is realized which, despite a small axial structural space, has the elasticity of a cardanic fold of tall construction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator including: a stator and a mover configured to have an oscillation force exerted between them, the stator and the mover being arranged in a direction orthogonal to a direction of oscillation with a space in between; and at least one plate spring connecting the stator and the mover to each other, the plate spring permitting relative displacement of the stator and the mover in the direction of oscillation while positioning the stator and the mover with respect to each other in the direction orthogonal to the direction of oscillation, wherein at least one through hole piercing the plate spring in a thickness direction is formed in a portion of the plate spring that corresponds to the space between the stator and the mover.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air spring (1) for a vehicle, comprising an air-spring module (2) having an air-spring module connection element (3) as connecting part with the load to be suspended, and air-spring module bellows (4), wherein the air-spring module bellows (4) are connected, on the side facing the air-spring module connection element (3), to the air-spring module connection element (3) at least in an airtight manner, a rolling piston (8), wherein the air-spring module (2) has at least one connecting element (5) for at least airtight connection of the air-spring module (2) to the rolling piston (8), wherein the air-spring module bellows (4) are arranged in an airtight connecting manner between the air-spring module connection element (3) and the connecting element (5), wherein the connecting element (5) is arranged directly adjacent to the rolling piston (8) at least in certain sections and the connecting element (5) is placed onto the rolling piston (8), and wherein one or more guide rib(s) (7

Abstract: An air spring bellow comprising a vulcanized rubber component including the at least partially vulcanized residue of EPDM and a rubber other than EPDM. A method for preparing an air spring bellow is also provided.

Abstract: An air spring includes: an outer cylindrical member; an inner cylindrical member; a diaphragm which couples the outer and inner cylindrical members and forms an internal space; a stopper assembly disposed in the internal space; and a pivoting mechanism which causes this stopper assembly to pivot on the inner cylindrical member. The stopper assembly has a stopper portion protruding towards the outer cylindrical member, and the outer cylindrical member has as a set four or more protrusion portions provided at a position to face the stopper portion and protruding toward the inner cylindrical member. Each of the protrusion portions belonging to the set is disposed successively and also different in height. Each of the protrusion portions belonging to the set is arranged without having a protrusion portion belonging to the set smallest in height adjacent to a protrusion portion belonging to the set largest in height.

Abstract: A spring guide includes: a mounting portion formed so as to be depressed, the rubber sheet being fitted to the mounting portion; and a plurality of lock pieces formed to stand at an outer periphery of the mounting portion. At least one of the plurality of the first lock pieces and the second lock piece is disposed at a position that restricts deformation of a circumferential end portion of the rubber sheet to an outside in a radial direction, in a state where the rubber sheet is fitted to the mounting portion.

Abstract: A linear spring member having an annular region with a first thickness connected in series by cylindrical regions having a second thickness, wherein the first thickness is less than the second thickness. Outer portions of adjacent annular regions are coupled together by a first cylindrical region and inner portions of adjacent annular regions are coupled together by a second cylindrical region such that the effective spring rate of the bi-directional spring device increases symmetrically as it is displaced in either compression or tension.

Abstract: A molded piston for an air spring for a vehicle suspension has an outer shell, a non-cylindrical central column braced in its relation to the outer shell by outer radial webs, and an upper surface having a recessed lower end closure seating surface. The non-cylindrical central column may have a chordal surface and a mounting stud sleeve and hole for attachment to a vehicle suspension member. The mounting stud sleeve and hole may be braced in its relation to the non-cylindrical central column by inner radial webs. The non-cylindrical central column may further have a locating sleeve and hole. The outer radial webs may be provided with Y-shaped webs connecting the outer radial webs to the outer shell and/or web arches.

Abstract: An actuator includes a displaceable portion, first to fourth artificial muscles, a pressure adjuster that changes a pressure of a fluid filled in the first and second artificial muscles, an open-close valve that allows a fluid to flow into or out of the third and fourth artificial muscles, and a controller that drives the pressure adjuster and controls the open-close valve. Each of the first to fourth artificial muscles includes a coiled elastic tube. In an outer circumferential surface of the tube, grooves are helically formed about an axis of the tube. The tube is filled with a fluid. In the first artificial muscle, a direction in which the tube is coiled is opposite to a direction in which the grooves extend helically. In each of the second to fourth artificial muscles, a direction in which the tube is coiled is the same as a direction in which the grooves extend helically.

Abstract: Gas spring end members can include an end member body formed substantially entirely from a polymeric material. The end member body can have a longitudinal axis and can include a body wall with an end wall portion oriented transverse to the longitudinal axis. The end wall portion can at least partially define a mounting plane of the gas spring end member that is dimensioned to abuttingly engage an associated structural component. The body wall can also include an outer peripheral wall portion disposed radially outward of the end wall portion and that at least partially defines an outer peripheral edge of the gas spring end member. The outer peripheral wall portion can be axially offset from the end wall portion in a direction away from the mounting plane. Gas spring assemblies, suspension systems and methods are also included.

Abstract: An actuator converts the pressure of a fluid into a change in the length of the actuator and is formed such that an elastic tube is spirally wound. The tube is wound around the axis of the actuator. One or more grooves are spirally formed on the outer surface of the tube along the axial center of the tube. When the fluid contained in the inside of the tube is pressurized, a torsional force is applied to the tube along the spirals of the one or more grooves and causes the actuator to contract in the axial direction. Even when an external force acts in a direction in which the actuator is bent, the volume of the inside of the tube is not substantially varied. Accordingly, the actuator can be allowed to freely move in a bending direction.

Abstract: An assembly (AS1) in accordance with the subject matter of the present disclosure can include a gas spring (200), an internally-mounted device (300) and a mounting assembly (400, 500) operatively connecting the internally-mounted device to an end member (202, 204) of the gas spring (200). The mounting assembly (400, 500) can permit at least a portion of the internally-mounted device to undergo 360 degree rotational and pivotal displacement relative the end member (202, 204) of the as spring (200). The mounting assembly (400, 500) can include a device mount (402, 502) that can be operatively secured to the internally-mounted device (300) and a retainer (404, 504) that is secured to the end member (202, 204) and operatively retains the device mount (402, 502) adjacent the end member (202, 204).

Abstract: A flexible sleeve dimensioned for securement to an associated end member for an associated gas spring assembly includes a flexible wall. An annular reinforcement member is embedded within the flexible wall. A retainment element that includes an element surface is disposed along the flexible wall such that at least the element surface is outwardly exposed. At least one gas spring piston, at least one gas spring assembly and at least one method are also included.

Abstract: A negative stiffness apparatus includes a fluid filled bellows interposed between a first surface and a second surface wherein the bellows and the first and second surfaces have an orientation of substantial equilibrium between the first and second surfaces. The bellows and the first and second surfaces include other orientations wherein the first and second surfaces are displaced from the orientation of substantial equilibrium and the bellows exerts a displacement force to urge the first and second surfaces further away from the orientation of substantial equilibrium.

Abstract: A gas spring end member has an end member axis and is dimensioned for securement to an associated flexible spring member. The gas spring end member includes an end member wall with a base wall portion disposed transverse to the end member axis. An outer wall portion extends axially from along the base wall portion. A mounting wall portion is dimensioned to receivingly engage an associated end of the associated flexible spring member. An end wall portion extends peripherally about the end member axis and operatively connects the outer wall portion and the mounting wall portion to at least partially define an end member volume. An inner wall portion separates the end member volume into an end member reservoir disposed outward of the inner wall portion and an end member chamber disposed inward of the inner wall portion. Gas spring assemblies and suspensions systems are also included.

Abstract: A dust cover comprising a bellows tube portion with a plurality of main valleys being of a concave shape opening towards an outer periphery of the tube portion and arranged in a linked manner. Each of the main valleys includes a pair of slope wall portions that slope to opposite axial outsides while going to an outer peripheral side, and the slope wall portion has a slope angle at its outer peripheral portion smaller than a slope angle at its inner peripheral portion.

Abstract: An air spring having an airsleeve, wherein at least one layer of said airsleeve includes the vulcanization product of an elastomer and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene.

Abstract: An elasticity-adjustable air pressure spring designed by the invention solves the technical problems of complex structure and top-to-bottom air impenetrability in the current gas springs. The elasticity-adjustable air pressure spring comprises a spring body, and is characterized in that the spring body is formed by at least one hollow cavity column of a double-layer sidewall structure, a closed cavity containing pressure air is formed between the double layers of the sidewall, the cavity column is corrugated, and at least one vent hole communicated with the cavity is arranged on the sidewall of the cavity column.

Abstract: An end member for a gas spring assembly is dimensioned to receivingly engage an end of a flexible wall. The end member can be formed from polymeric material and can include a side wall receiving the end of the flexible wall. The end member can also include a base wall extending transverse to the side wall and dimensioned to abuttingly engage a jounce bumper of the gas spring assembly. The end member can include a mounting ridge or a mounting channel for engaging an associated structural component. A gas spring assembly including such an end member is also included.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air bellows for a pneumatic spring, in particular of a commercial vehicle, the air bellows including an axle-side region and a body-side region, wherein the axle-side region is arranged on a plunger and movable by a compression or extension movement between a first, compressed position and a second, extended position, and further including an interior space adapted to be filled with compressed air via a compressed air opening that is connectable to a compressed air line. The air bellows further comprises a valve connected to the atmosphere for ventilating the interior space, wherein by applying compressed air present in the interior space to the valve the valve is moved to a closed position.

Abstract: A gas spring end member is dimensioned for securement along an associated suspension member having an associated planar surface and at least an associated first side surface. The gas spring end member can include a base wall disposed transverse to a longitudinal axis and a bracket wall that extends longitudinally-outwardly from the base wall. The bracket wall can be adapted for operative connection to the associated suspension member such that the gas spring end member can be supported thereon with the base wall disposed in longitudinally spaced-apart relation to the associated planar surface of the associated suspension member. A gas spring assembly including such an end member can be included. A suspension system and a method of installation including such a gas spring assembly can also be included.

Abstract: An active air suspension system includes an air spring assembly that has a piston airbag and a primary airbag mounted around the piston airbag to provide a variable force and rate dual air spring configuration. The air suspension system is configured to accurately control pressure within the system in a closed-loop manner.

Abstract: A piston assembly includes an outer shell, an end plate and an attachment column. A first flowed-material joint is disposed between and fixedly attaches the end plate and the outer shell to one another such that a fluid-tight seal is formed therebetween. A second flowed-material joint is disposed between and fixedly attaches the attachment column and the end plate to one another such that a fluid-tight seal is formed therebetween. A gas spring assembly and method that include the piston assembly are also included.

Abstract: A flexible sleeve dimensioned for securement to an associated end member for an associated gas spring assembly includes a flexible wall. An annular reinforcement member is embedded within the flexible wall. A retainment element that includes an element surface is disposed along the flexible wall such that at least the element surface is outwardly exposed. At least one gas spring piston, at least one gas spring assembly and at least one method are also included.

Abstract: A bellows is provided as part of a crossway between two vehicles connected to each other in an articulated manner or as a telescopic gangway, with a material web which is provided with a layer of synthetic material. The material web has a top (upper) side made of a textile and a bottom (under) side made of textile (11, 12). The spacer fibers/pile threads (13) are provided between the top side and the bottom side, such that a space between the top side and bottom side results when the material web is in a non-loaded condition.

Abstract: An air spring includes an upper surface plate, a lower surface plate, and a diaphragm connecting the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate. The diaphragm has an annular shape having an opening on an inner circumferential side. In the diaphragm, an upper surface plate contact portion, which is a region defining the opening and being in contact with the upper surface plate, includes a deformed portion elastically deformed to protrude toward the lower surface plate side by contact with a support plate. The deformed portion is in contact with a sliding member located on the lower surface plate side when viewed from the deformed portion.

Abstract: A shock absorber for a vehicle, having a bellows piston, bellows, and a fluid as the damping medium. The shock absorber has a first partition wall, which is situated on the bellows piston, and is implemented to separate a volume area of the bellows piston from a volume area of the bellows. The first partition wall has a first opening, which is implemented to limit a fluid flow between the volume area of the bellows piston and the volume area of the bellows. The shock absorber further has a sprung mass, which is situated inside the shock absorber to influence the fluid flow inside the shock absorber.

Abstract: A roll-off piston made of plastic is for an air spring rolling-lobe flexible member (19) of the air spring. The roll-off piston (1) is configured as a plunge piston and has a preferably central support (2) for a stop buffer (3) acting in an axial direction of the air spring. The support (2) is preferably made of steel and can be received in a recess in the roll-off piston. The recess is of complementary configuration to the shape of the support and can be connected to the piston.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an air spring comprising a piston, a top plate, a clamp ring, a snap ring, and a flexible member which is affixed to the piston and the top plate, wherein the piston, the top plate and the flexible member define a pressurizable chamber, wherein the snap ring is affixed to the clamp ring, wherein the clamp ring affixes an upper portion of the flexible member to the top plate, wherein the clamp ring affixes the snap ring to the top plate, and wherein the top plate is affixed between the snap ring and the flexible member.

Abstract: Flexible spring members can include a flexible spring wall and at least one girdle hoop. The flexible spring wall can include a plurality of convoluted wall portions disposed in longitudinally-spaced relation to one another. The girdle hoop can take the form of an annular ring that is at least partially formed from a non-metallic material and can be positioned longitudinally between adjacent ones of the plurality of convoluted wall portions. The girdle hoop can be at least partially embedded within the flexible spring wall and can operate to substantially inhibit radially-outward expansion of the flexible spring wall during inflated conditions and/or use. Gas spring assemblies and methods of manufacture can include one or more of such flexible spring members.

Abstract: A machine and method to produce structural elements for the building trade made of cement material with one or more inserts made of polymer material. The machine comprises at least a molding member, a loading unit for loading the inserts and a depositing member to deposit the cement material. The molding member is open at the upper part and the loading unit and the depositing member are selectively positionable above the molding member in order to load and deposit from above, respectively, the inserts and the cement material into the molding member, in order to achieve the structural elements.

Abstract: An air spring having an airsleeve, wherein at least one layer of said airsleeve includes the vulcanization product of a composition that includes an unsaturated chlorinated polymer; and a saturated chlorinated polymer.

Abstract: Conversion assemblies and conversion assemblies combined with automotive shock absorbing assemblies for automotive use, such as shocks and struts. There is disclosed herein, in combination, a conversion assembly and an automotive shock absorbing assembly for automotive use, said automotive shock absorbing assembly being selected from the group consisting of shocks and, struts.

Abstract: An elasticity-adjustable air pressure spring designed by the invention solves the technical problems of complex structure and top-to-bottom air impenetrability in the current gas springs. The elasticity-adjustable air pressure spring comprises a spring body, and is characterized in that the spring body is formed by at least one hollow cavity column of a double-layer sidewall structure, a closed cavity containing pressure air is formed between the double layers of the sidewall, the cavity column is corrugated, and at least one vent hole communicated with the cavity is arranged on the sidewall of the cavity column.

Abstract: A piston assembly (204) including an integral piston chamber (218) with an increased volume that is maximized by providing a mounting arrangement whereby the piston can be mounted to a structural member (stz) such that the piston chamber (218) surrounds at least two sides of the structural member (stz). The piston chamber (218) can therefore utilize space adjacent the structural member (stz) to which it is mounted thereby resulting in a piston chamber of a greater volume than prior art designs. A gas spring assembly (200) utilizing such a piston is also included.

Abstract: An air spring for a heavy-duty vehicle axle/suspension system includes a bellows chamber operatively connected to a piston chamber. An opening is disposed between the bellows chamber and the piston chamber in order to allow fluid to communicate between the bellows chamber and the piston chamber. The cross-sectional area of the opening and the volumes of the bellows chamber and the piston chamber are tuned in order to optimize the damping characteristics of the air spring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a seat suspension device for a vehicle seat, in particular a commercial vehicle seat, comprising at least one air spring, said air spring being disposed between an upper seat portion of the vehicle seat and a lower seat portion of the vehicle seat, and at least one hose-like member connected to the air spring via a first connection line for an extension volume of the air spring is provided, said hose-like member being arranged along at least one fold of a bellows-like facing extending between an upper seat portion and a lower seat portion of a vehicle seat.

Abstract: A gas spring and gas clamper assembly includes a first end member, a second end member, a first flexible wall that at least partially defines a first spring chamber, and a second flexible wall that at least partially defines a second spring chamber. A damper piston and damper rod are operatively connected between the first and second end members and within the first spring chamber. A suspension system that includes a gas spring and gas damper assembly as well as a method of assembly are also included.

Abstract: An air spring has at least one working space which is filled with compressed air and which is delimited at least partially by a rolling bellows which is fastened at its ends to connecting parts. At least one of its ends, the air spring has a wall which is thicker in relation to the rest of the rolling bellows body, wherein the rolling bellows has, at least one of its thickened ends, a continuously vulcanized layer cover which is folded back to such a length that, after the assembly of the air spring, at least one region of the rolling bellows which is highly loaded by chassis forces falls into the region of the layer cover.

Abstract: Shock absorbers for integration into protective structures generally take the form of hollow, fluid-filled, compressible cells. In various embodiments, the cell enclosure includes one or more orifices, or vents, through which a fluid (such as air or water) can escape from the inner chamber formed by the enclosure.

Abstract: An air spring has a rolling-lobe flexible member terminating in a conically-shaped bead defining a conically-shaped opening of the flexible member. A-roll-off piston has an end facing toward the flexible member and has a conical seat formed thereon for receiving the bead of the flexible member to conjointly define therewith an airtight force fit connection. The roll-off piston further has a support shoulder beneath the conical seat whereon the flexible member is supported when deflected and the roll-off piston has an annular groove formed therein between the end thereof and the conical seat. An annular locking member is seatable in the annular groove after assembly of the flexible member on the conical seat so as to hinder the bead from slipping off of the conical seat.

Abstract: A gas spring assembly includes an end member, a piston assembly and a flexible sleeve secured therebetween. An end closure secures an end of the flexible sleeve to the piston assembly. A connector fitting connects the end closure to a support post of the piston assembly. The connector fitting includes a fitting passage and a first annular groove. A jounce bumper assembly is supported on the connector fitting. The jounce bumper assembly includes a bumper body and a bumper mount. The bumper mount includes securement pin having a second annular groove. A retaining member is received within the first and second annular grooves such that the jounce bumper assembly can freely rotate relative to the connector fitting while substantially restricting axial displacement of the jounce bumper assembly relative to the piston assembly during such rotation.

Abstract: A system for measuring and indicating pressure that uses as its pressure sensing element an outer resilient tube, an inner resilient tube, and a rolling diaphragm connecting the inner and outer tubes, and held inside a protective enshrouding structure where pressure applied to the annulus between the tubes causes the diaphragm to deform and roll to axial extend the outer tube by an amount proportional to the applied pressure. The structure has features that enable visual correlation of the partially rolled tube's unrolled state with the applied pressure. The system can be incorporated into a syringe to create a pressure measuring syringe for inflating endotracheal cuffs while providing a reading of the cuff pressure.

Abstract: An elastomer product having an elastomer component, in particular an air spring having a bellows, wherein an electrical component is embedded in the elastomer component of the elastomer product, and the elastomer component including at least one electrically conductive path. The electrical component is located on a carrier material. The electrically conductive path is designed to be elastically flexible and connected to the carrier material and the carrier material is connected to the surrounding elastomer of the elastomer component in a firmly bonded manner.

Abstract: A piston assembly includes an outer shell, an end plate and an attachment column. A first flowed-material joint is disposed between and fixedly attaches the end plate and the outer shell to one another such that a fluid-tight seal is formed therebetween. A second flowed-material joint is disposed between and fixedly attaches the attachment column and the end plate to one another such that a fluid-tight seal is formed therebetween. A gas spring assembly and method that include the piston assembly are also included.

Abstract: A cover assembly for an air spring for vehicles includes a cover (1) and a buffer (2) in the cover (1). The cover (1) is made from plastic and has reinforcing ribs (3) on the inside. The stop buffer (2) has slots on the side thereof facing the cover (1) in a manner corresponding to the reinforcing ribs (3) of the cover (1). The ribs (3) of the cover (1) are inserted into the slots (8). Damage to the buffer (2) by impact of the ribs (3) on the buffer (2) is thus avoided.

Abstract: A gas spring end member is dimensioned for securement along an associated suspension member having an associated planar surface and at least an associated first side surface. The gas spring end member can include a base wall disposed transverse to a longitudinal axis and a bracket wall that extends longitudinally-outwardly from the base wall. The bracket wall can be adapted for operative connection to the associated suspension member such that the gas spring end member can be supported thereon with the base wall disposed in longitudinally spaced-apart relation to the associated planar surface of the associated suspension member. A gas spring assembly including such an end member can be included. A suspension system and a method of installation including such a gas spring assembly can also be included.