Abstract: The invention disclosed is a low-profile, multi-axis, highly passively damped, vibration isolation mount which when used in multiplicity provides a complete vibration load isolation mounting system. The device provides in unique fashion a very low profile interface in combination with independently determinable compliance in all directions of vibration loading. Substantial passive damping is afforded without sacrifice to strength and linearity of behavior through adaptation of a shear wall type constrained layer damping. The result is a highly passively damped vibration isolation device that provides a very low profile interface, wide ranging longitudinal and lateral compliance management, in a durable, reliable, lightweight, and compact form.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, with a housing that contains a moving valve element whose movement counter to the elastic force of a spring element controls the fuel supply to the combustion chamber of the engine. The spring element has the form of a cylindrical sleeve whose wall contains openings at a number of locations that allow the spring element to be elastically deformed in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A stabilizer bar assembly has a stabilizer bar and a pair of bushing assemblies. Each bushing assembly has an elastomeric bushing disposed around the stabilizer bar and an outer metal member disposed around the elastomeric bushing. The elastomeric bushing has a molded in rate plate to increase the stiffness of the elastomeric bushing. The outer metal member compresses the elastomeric bushing between the stabilizer bar and the outer metal member to a prespecified percent of compression. When the stabilizer bar rotates with respect to the outer metal member, the compression of the elastomeric bushing stops movement between the elastomeric bushing and the stabilizer bar and between the elastomeric bushing and the outer metal member. A fastening strap is attached to the outer metal member to attach the stabilizer bar assembly to a vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an optical printed circuit board assembly with multi-channel block-type optical devices packaged therein, the printed circuit board assembly including a plate type heat spreader, a driving printed circuit board die bonded to a top of the heat spreader to convert electrical and optical signals to optical and electrical signals, respectively, a driving integrated circuit, die bonded to the top of the heat spreader and wire bonded to the driving printed circuit board.

Abstract: A suspension system for mounting a pair of wheels to a wheelchair is disclosed. The system includes a crossbar pivotally mounted to the wheelchair so as to pivot about a longitudinal axis. At least one spring assembly is located between the crossbar and the wheelchair frame for controlling the pivoting of the crossbar. A hinge assembly is mounted on each lateral end of the crossbar. The hinge assembly includes a first hinge component attached to the crossbar so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and a second hinge component resiliently connected to the first hinge component. The resilient connection biases the second hinge connection against rotation with respect to the first hinge component. A wheel and yoke assembly are mounted to the second hinge component.

Abstract: A stabilizer bar assembly has a stabilizer bar and a pair of bushing assemblies. Each bushing assembly has an elastomeric bushing disposed around the stabilizer bar and an outer metal member disposed around the elastomeric bushing. The outer metal member compresses the elastomeric bushing between the stabilizer bar and the outer metal member to a prespecified percent of compression. When the stabilizer bar rotates with respect to the outer metal member, the compression of the elastomeric bushing stops movement between the elastomeric bushing and the stabilizer bar and between the elastomeric bushing and the outer metal member. A fastening strap is attached to the outer metal member to attach the stabilizer bar assembly to a vehicle.

Abstract: An elastomeric bushing for vehicular and non-vehicular applications includes a generally cylindrical body having spaced apart end faces, an axial passageway extending through the body and the end faces, and at least one elongate void formed in a body side and located radially outward from the axial passageway. The void includes opposite lobe end portions, each configured having an elongate major axis and a shorter minor axis. The major axes of the lobe portions are canted in opposite directions away from an imaginary vertical plane therebetween. The void further includes a connective portion between the lobe portions, the connective portion having a concave shape in a radially inward direction that defines a radially outward protruding boss. The shape and location of the lobe portions and the boss protrusion are variable to provide combined optimization of the bushing performance among spring rates, articulation durability, and load capacity.

Abstract: An elastomeric bearing assembly including a concentric outer member operable for securely engaging a bore structure associated with a first structural member, wherein the concentric outer member is disposed substantially within the bore structure. The elastomeric bearing assembly also including a concentric inner member operable for securely engaging a pin structure associated with a second structural member, wherein the concentric inner member is disposed substantially within the concentric outer member. The elastomeric bearing assembly further including an elastomeric section disposed between the concentric inner member and the concentric outer member, wherein the elastomeric section is bonded to a surface of the inner member and a surface of the outer member, and wherein the elastomeric section is operable for accommodating axial, cocking, and torsion motions of the second structural member relative to the first structural member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vibration damper for damping fluid vibrations in a hydraulic system, especially in a hydraulic control circuit for a motor vehicle gear box with an elastically deformable damper element (31), According to the invention, the vibration damper is provided with a separate sealing element (32) which guarantees the functioning of the hydraulic system in the event of a breakdown e.g. the damper element (31) bursting.

Abstract: A shock absorber for an automobile which exhibits a vibration damping effect in a wide range of a frequency, while suppressing generation of frictional noise. The shock absorber for the automobile has a buffer member interposed between parts. The buffer member has a laminated structure including a plurality of vibration damping layers each having a peak of loss tangent tan&dgr; in a range of a frequency which is different from others and surface layers made of thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: An elastomer spring for supporting an axially arranged coil spring, in particular in an engine mounting is constructed to reduce the radial loads on the coil spring with simultaneous damping and includes a transversely soft composition for the elastomeric spring. The elastomeric spring is provided with a centering projection which may be introduced into the coil spring and a section which may be deformed by the effect of radial forces, with a molded sheet being provided to stabilize the force carrying section of the elastomeric spring.

Abstract: This device comprises an elastic element designed to be stretched between two fixing members spaced apart from one another in a direction of vibration and which are linked to one another by two elastomer branches, these branches extending substantially in the vibration direction. A vibrating mass links said branches to one another. This vibrating mass is provided in the form of a ring enclosing the elastic element so as to form two stop zones located respectively in the vicinity of the two fixing members in order to limit displacements of the latter under traction.

Abstract: A plastic isolator pad having a top wall and opposing side walls depending from the top wall. The isolator pad is typically used for supporting an outboard end of a leaf spring. The isolator pad typically includes a plurality of webs which extend from a bottom surface of the top wall and a plurality of stiffeners which extend between the webs. Also usually provided are opposing ear-like projections which extend laterally from the top wall.

Abstract: A spring element used in a temporary package for testing semiconductors is provided. The spring element is compressed so as to press the semiconductor, either in the form of a bare semiconductor die or as part of a package, against an interconnect structure. The spring element is configured so that it provides sufficient pressure to keep the contacts on the semiconductor in electrical contact with the interconnect structure. Material is added and/or removed from the spring element so that it has the desired modulus of elasticity. The shape of the spring element may also be varied to change the modulus of elasticity, the spring constant, and the force transfer capabilities of the spring element.

Abstract: A mechanism and method for stabilizing vibrations in vertical exhaust systems for over highway trucks. A mass-spring absorber having a natural frequency that corresponds to the natural frequency of the vertical exhaust system, which we are trying to stabilize, is secured to the vertical exhaust system. The mass-spring absorber dampens the natural frequency of the exhaust system and creates an anti-resonance to the offending resonance frequency. The mass of the spring-mass system has a generally toroidal shape such that it surrounds the vertical exhaust stanchion and is connected thereto by a spring or springs. The mass of the toroidal shaped absorber is maximized, which results in maximum separation between the new natural frequencies of the vertical exhaust system, while at the same time the damping between the vertical exhaust system and the toroidal shaped absorber is minimized.

Abstract: A method supporting a printed circuit board, including the step of causing a contact portion of at least one board supporting member including a vibration damping portion formed of a vibration damping rubber, to contact at least one portion of a lower surface of the printed circuit board and thereby support the printed circuit board on a side of the lower surface thereof.

Abstract: A rubber bearing with radical travel limitation and with a damping agent channel has an inner part with a tubular inner contour, an elastomer surrounding the inner part and connected thereto by vulcanization, and a channel carrier. The channel carrier is made of one or more plastic parts and surrounds the elastomer in some sections and is supported on the elastomer via support elements. Stop surfaces for the radial travel limitation are provided on the inside of the channel carrier. At least one damping agent channel, which connects chambers formed between the elastomer and the channel carrier for receiving a liquid damping agent, is integrated in the outer surface of the channel carrier. In the area of the chambers (7), the channel carrier (3) has recesses (9) for the discharge and the entry of damping agent. The recesses (9), connected to one another by the damping agent channel (10), are arranged on the circumference of the channel carrier (3) in the area of the support elements (8) and opposite the same.

Abstract: A suspension lug has a ring shaped elastomer body in which two fixing parts are arranged opposite each other, and a flexible insert shaped like a loop which is embedded in the elastomer body in such a way that it transmits tensile forces from one fixing part to the other when the suspension lug is subjected to tensile loading. At least one of the fixing parts has attachment areas on which the insert is hung in such a way that the insert extends essentially radially away from this fixing part. As a result, the structural height of the suspension lug is relatively small.

Abstract: A fluid isolator apparatus (20) for isolating vibration between a vibrating member, such as a helicopter transmission or pylon and another structure, such as a helicopter fuselage. In one aspect, the fluid and elastomer apparatus (20) includes an inner member (24), an outer member (22), and an elastomer element (26) flexibly interconnecting them. First (30) and second (34) operating chambers are interconnected by a passageway (36). Fluid (37) oscillates between the operating chambers (32, 34) through passageway (36). A spring (42) flexibly suspends the piston (40) such that dynamic motion between said inner and outer member (24, 22) displaces piston (40) and spring (42). Preferably the a hollow cavity (28) houses both the piston (40) and a metal coil spring (42). The stiffness of the coil spring (42) may be interchanged to adjust a resonant parameter. Optionally, the piston mass itself or an additional tuning mass (58) mounted on the piston (40) may be used to accomplish tuning.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel shock-absorbing mount (20) to protect shock sensitive equipment mounted thereon. It has a configuration of a C shape but contains various angles therein to increase the utility and agility of the shock absorbing mount (20). These angles are specifically derived to allow the shock-absorbing mount (20) to fully absorb extreme shock energy without transferring it to the equipment.

Abstract: A multi-stage resiliently compressible element for providing a biasing element having at least two portions having different compression resistances from one another. The multi-stage resiliently compressible element includes a resiliently compressible element comprising a resiliently deformable elastomeric material and having top and bottom faces and a side surface. The side surface of the resiliently compressible element has an annular channel therearound which divides the resiliently compressible element into top and bottom portions. The resiliently compressible element has a bore therethrough extending between the top and bottom faces. The bore has generally cylindrical top and bottom regions and top and bottom chambers interposed between the top and bottom regions of the bore.

Abstract: Mounting of cylindrical elastomer springs in a two-mass vibratory device is accomplished in order to provide contact area between the spring members and the masses of the vibratory device. Heat generated within the springs during operation of the vibratory device degrades the performance of the elastomer element within the springs. By mounting the cylindrical elastomer springs at multiple points in contact with the large surface areas available in a typical vibratory device, heat generated within the springs is dissipated by the masses of the vibratory device. By removing heat, the performance of the elastomer spring is increased; therefore, enabling the use of springs of a higher spring rate within the same mounting area.

Abstract: A resilient support (10), such as for supporting part of the exhaust system of a motor vehicle, is molded from elastomeric material such as rubber. Upper and lower end blocks (16, 18) have through bores (12, 14) for receiving fixtures connected respectively to the body of the vehicle and to the exhaust system. The blocks (16, 18) are interconnected by three integral diagonally directed arms (22, 24, 26). Vertical vibration of the exhaust system is resisted, absorbed and damped by a combination of tension in the arms (22, 24, 26) and bending at their points of interconnection with the upper and lower blocks (16, 18). The support (10) is thus relatively resilient in this direction. However, sideways movement of the exhaust system, tending to cause movement of the lower block (18) in the direction of the axis of the lower bore (14), is firmly resisted by the arms (22, 24, 26).

Abstract: A hood overslam bumper for automobiles has an elastic member, which is mounted to a hood inner panel, and a spring-biased hollow cushion member which is mounted to the upper member of a chassis. The spring of the cushion member is selected from a compression coil spring, a pneumatic spring and a hydraulic spring. When a hood is slammed down, the hood is made to slowly close with the elastic member gradually compressing the spring-biased top wall of the hollow cushion member. Therefore, the hood overslam bumper of this invention effectively absorbs and reduces the slamming impact noises and vibrations occurring in the slamming of a hood, thus allowing a car to be almost completely free from such noises and vibrations.

Abstract: A flexible connector for vibration isolators, dynamic vibration absorbers, and other vibration control devices for mechanical systems which is composed of streamlined elastomeric resilient elements with nonlinear load-deflection characteristics. These elements are embedded, possibly together with inserts, into a soft matrix which maintains relative positioning of the resilient elements and inserts while not significantly influencing deformation characteristics of the resilient elements. The inserts define the external shape and modify deformation characteristics of the connector, if necessary.

Abstract: An end of stroke linear decelerator apparatus for powered slides and method include a disc spring member (A) retained upon a guide rod by a retainer disc member (B) which is itself positioned for retention upon a guide rod adjacent a tooling member. An elastomer retainer (C) positions the disc upon the guide rod and has an elastomer extension facing outwardly of the disc for dampening noises and forceful engagement with the frame which supports the guide rods.

Abstract: To provide a vibration-damping assembly sufficiently functions in wide range of vibration with improved durability, and effective spring constant thereof can easily be changed as occasion demands. The vibration-damping assembly comprises a leaf spring (20) and a vibration-damping rubber (23) which are connected to each other in series, and a base end portion of the leaf spring (20) is secured to stand portions (3B, 3C) of a support (3), and another end of the vibration-damping rubber (23), which is not connected to the leaf spring (20), is connected to the prime mover (10).

Abstract: An earthquake resistant foundation based on the method of longitudinal wave filtration by periodic or quasi-periodic septate waveguides. The generic septate waveguide comprises either a series of cylindrical or annular polymer members or a stratified medium with air-filled cylindrical channels. In all cases, the polymer members are reinforced along their torsional surfaces. As the waveguides are distributed into a specific matrix, they serve as an isolating and damping device which is placed between the source of sound, shock or vibration waves and the object of protection. The elements of the waveguide are the individual septate cylindrical cross sections, which comprise a configuration of polymer, viscous or non-viscous liquid and air constituents bonded to and separated by the rigid end plates. The method postulates that radial displacement be zero at the boundary between the polymer member and the septum. Furthermore, the polymer member should be incompressible, and the septa are rigid.

Abstract: In a vibration dampening support arrangement for supporting a component on a support structure such that it is removable only in a predetermined direction of removal, a projection extends from the support structure at an angle .alpha. of 12.degree. to 60.degree. with respect to the direction of removal and an elastic element is disposed on the projection in form-locking engagement with the component in the predetermined direction of removal but is unreleasably held in any other direction.

Abstract: A hybrid elastomer-and-metal spring isolator with a low natural frequency. A fully bonded sandwich mount has cored pockets that receive metal coil springs. Extruded cavities on the lower and upper plates of the sandwich mount extend into the pockets within the interior of the coiled springs and receive a tension bolt and double lock-nut assembly to secure the separate lower cavities to the isolator. A preload retention nut engages a protruding portion of the tension bolt and preloads the coil springs to an amount equal to their static load. This hybrid isolator has particular application in mounting large (30 ton) diesel engines; the isolator assembly provides a natural frequency that is between 3 and 5 Hz, outside the normal idling frequencies of the engine so as to avoid resonance.

Abstract: An energy absorber for interposing between two members to absorb energy of motion which may be induced between the two members includes a core (3) of a plastically deformable energy absorbing material such as lead and structure surrounding the core such as layers of steel plates (2) and rubber (1) in a sandwich-like arrangement structure. The end plates (4) are formed with holes (5), into which the ends of the core (3) project. During construction, the support structure (1, 2) is stretched, allowing end caps (6) to be fitted. The support structure (1, 2) is then relaxed, which applies approximately hydrostatic pressure to the core (3). Induced motion is transferred as shear forces across the core (3). The hydrostatic pressure applied to the core (3) preferably exceeds the shear yield stress of the energy absorbing material of the core (3).

Abstract: A bearing system for a part of a railroad track, such as a rail-fastening or ribbed slab (10), supported by elastic elements on, for example, a railroad sleeper. The elastic elements form a spring system with a kinked characteristic curve such that when the spring system is subjected to force that is smaller than the forces active in the operative range (16) of the spring system, the characteristic curve rises steeply and, in the operative range (16), runs flat.

Abstract: A motor vehicle suspension system with a jounce bumper comprising a rigid support having a rigid cylindrical wall, an outer bumper member having an open end and a substantially closed end, the outer bumper member defining a cylindrical passage bordered by an inner cylindrical wall at its open end, wherein the open end is mounted radially interior of the rigid cylindrical wall, and an inner bumper member of cylindrical shape and size to fit within he cylindrical passage, having a radially exterior surface radially interfering with a predetermined axial length of the inner cylindrical wall, wherein, during compression of the outer bumper member, the inner bumper member cooperates with the rigid cylindrical wall to trap the open end of the outer bumper member, wherein the spring rate of the outer bumper is passively increased by the inner bumper cooperating with the rigid cylindrical wall.

Abstract: A hanger for suspending a first component from a second elevated component comprising a first body member formed of a thermoplastic elastomer having a first durometer hardness and a tensile strength sufficient to support the first component, and having a pair of spaced openings therein; a second body member formed of a thermoplastic elastomer having a durometer hardness less than the first durometer hardness, disposed within one of the openings of the first body member and being molded integrally therewith and having an opening therein for receiving an attachment element of the second elevated component; and a third body member formed of a thermoplastic elastomer having a durometer hardness less than the first durometer hardness, disposed within the other of the openings of the first body member and being molded integrally therewith and having an opening therein for receiving an attachment element of the first component; the materials of the second and third body member being compatible with the material of t

Abstract: A circular cylindrical elastomeric member is formed with an annular recess and two spaced apart pockets in communication with the recess. An outer metal tube receives an inner ring in interference fit in the tube bore, the ring having at least one peripheral depression in an outer surface and a pair of spaced apertures through the ring each communicating with a different corresponding aperture forming at least one channel communicating with the pockets and apertures which are congruent with the pockets. The member is axially forced into the ring and outer tube while submerged in an imcompressible hydraulic fluid to radially compress and elongate the member during member insertion and fill the channel and pockets with the fluid. The ring seats in the member recess. An inner tube is then axial forced into the bore of the elastomeric member and locked to the member by the radial compressive forces without vulcanization or a bonding agent.

Abstract: A mono-air-cell body made of a flexible elastic material and having a hollow interior and no less than one connecting tube for connecting different mono-air-cell bodies together one after another, for making up a shock-absorbing cushion. Each mono-air-cell body can have any shape in its top plan view. Each connecting tube can be a male one having at least one round circumferential groove or a female one having at least one round circumferential ridge so that the male and the female connecting tubes can be joined together, thereby connecting two mono-air-cell bodies together. The shock-absorbing cushion can be composed to have a shape of a band, a plane, a sphere or any three-dimensional shape.

Abstract: An exhaust system hanger has a flat serpentine spring encapsulated by an elastomeric block. The spring provides the stiffness to support and retain accelerations. The elastomeric member provides an absorptive member for noise and a dampening means for vibration.

Abstract: A damping bearing assembly, in particular a motor bearing for the vibration-insulated mounting of engines in motor vehicles, comprising an approximately annular spring body of fibrous composite materials, the spring body including a coil form of artificial resin impregnated fibers wound in several layers, force introducing elements clamping the coil form on mutually opposite sides, a working chamber for additional hydraulic damping disposed inside the spring body between the force-introducing elements, the working chamber being formed of elastically deformable material having a low degree of stiffness in an operating direction and a high degree of volume stiffness, a conduit hydraulically communicating with the work chamber and a compensating chamber hydraulically communicating with the conduit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rubber bushing which includes an inner cylindrical member including irregularities formed on a part of an outer peripheral surface thereof, a ring made of resin, the ring disposed integrally on the outer peripheral surface on which the irregularities are formed, and the ring having an anomalous shape which is formed anomalously in radial directions with respect to a cylindrical axis of the inner cylindrical member, an elastic member made of rubber, the elastic member formed outside the inner cylindrical member, and an outer cylindrical member connected to the inner cylindrical member by way of the elastic member. Thus, the rubber bushing has an enhanced ratio of the spring characteristic in the axial direction with respect to the spring characteristic in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The rubber bushing having such an excellent spring characteristic can be mass-produced without increasing the conventional production cost.

Abstract: A variable shock absorbing compressional mounting apparatus. The apparatus includes a housing assembly having first and second housing portions, with the second housing portion being operable to move slidably partially inwardly and outwardly relative to the first housing portion, and a cylindrical, elongated elastomer member having a cylindrical, serpentine-shaped spring therein disposed coaxially within said housing assembly. The elongated elastomer member and elongated serpentine-shaped spring operate cooperatively to provide damping characteristics which vary with the compressional and tensional forces exerted on the elastomer member. When the apparatus is secured to two structures moving towards and away from each other in an oscillatory fashion with varying force, the apparatus operates to dampen the oscillatory motions of the structures in accordance with a first damping characteristic until a predetermined force is reached.

Abstract: A top mount assembly includes a resilient isolator designed to be seated on an upper end of an actuator. A guiding sleeve is seated on the isolator and includes an upstanding annular wall forming a cavity in an upper surface of the guiding sleeve. At least one Belleville spring is mounted in the cavity to permit deflection of the assembly during the operational range of the actuator. A thrust plate is mounted on the Belleville spring and attached to the body.

Abstract: A hydraulically damped rubber bearing includes a journal bearing, a bearing member and an annular spring element of elastic material forming a bearing spring having a perpendicular axis of deformation. The bearing spring is disposed between the journal bearing and the bearing member. A fluid-filled working chamber is surrounded by the journal bearing, bearing member and bearing spring. A compensation chamber is connected in fluid communication with the working chamber via a damping port. At least one relief spring is formed of a substantially non-creeping and/or non-settling material. The relief spring is connected in parallel with the bearing spring to support the journal bearing on the bearing member when the rubber bearing is load.

Abstract: Such a mount comprises a set of thin parallel and spaced plates, of flexible material, extending generally transversely to the vertical direction, the ends of these plates being supported on the one hand on a first armature, fastened to the structure of the vehicle, on the other hand, on a second armature fastened to the engine, through superposed blocks of elastic material, intercalated sandwich-style in said ends of the plates, these blocks embedding the ends of the plates without rigid fastening with the respective armatures. In this way, a great vertical flexibility and a high stiffness in the horizontal directions is obtained.

Abstract: A buffer cartridge for absorbing energy having a hydraulic component coupled with an energy-absorbing material component, the hydraulic component having a cylinder-piston arrangement, the cylinder being surrounded by a stack of pads made from resilient energy-absorbing material, each pad being separated by a spacer. The free end of the piston emerging from the cylinder is connected to an intercoupling member which can simultaneously apply a force to both the piston and the stack of pads. A stretchable accumulator seal surrounds a piston rod within the cylinder and provides a sealing sliding path for the piston rod to isolate the moving portion of the piston rod from hydraulic fluid. The piston rod terminates in a piston having a piston hub encapsulated in resilient material and provided with orificed passageways for flow of fluid to both sides of the piston.

Abstract: A connector assembly for attaching an end of a rotatable stabilizer bar to a control arm includes a cap member and a nut member. The cap member includes a barrel portion for receiving a stabilizer bar and a central stem. An annular, resilient base surrounds the stem and yieldably supports the cap member on a first surface of a control arm. A threaded bolt extends from the stem. The nut member includes a stem having a complementary sleeve for receiving the bolt and an annular, resilient base for supporting the nut member on a second surface of the control arm. Preferably, both the cap and nut members are molded from a resilient material.

Abstract: A resilient support for a suspension system of the type comprising two frameworks (1) capable of being fastened to two assemblies between which the support is intended to be interposed. The support includes, as the main resilient element intended for supporting a load, at least one resilient tubular member (3), the axis (y) of which extends perpendicularly to the main direction (z) in which the load is exerted. An elastic material (2) is bonded or fixed on either side of the tubular member (3) for fastening the tubular member to a respective framework.

Abstract: Among two damping devices arranged in series between wheel side members and body side members, while in one damping device spring constant of a spring member is set low and damping coefficient of a damper member is set high, in the other damping device spring constant of a spring member is set high and damping coefficient of a damper member is set low. By this arrangement, difference in damping force between the area of low oscillation frequency and the area of high oscillation frequency can be made large, whereby running stability and comfortableness to ride in can be improved on a high level.

Abstract: A vibration and shock absorber device, comprising a metal body constituted by one or more helically wound lengths of cable (1) and two bars (10, 20) interconnecting the turns in two diametrically opposite zones, with a layer of elastomer material (30) coating the structure and leaving a central orifice (31, 32, 33, 34). The turns of the lengths of cable (1) are greased or otherwise treated to prevent them from adhering to the elastomer material (30).

Abstract: A shock absorber for automobile vehicle suspension comprises a cylinder containing a hydraulic fluid, a piston defining a first chamber and a second chamber in the cylinder, and a rod which extends through the second chamber and is connected to the piston. A hydraulic fluid reservoir is able to communicate with the first chamber via a restriction during a rapid compression movement. A control valve is capable of opening a fluid passage between the first and second chambers. The control valve is subject on one hand to the pressure of hydraulic fluid in the first chamber tending to open the valve and, on the other hand, to the actions tending to close the valve, of a return spring and of substantially constant pressure of a fluid contained in a reference chamber, one wall of which is movable with the control valve. An external compensation casing, integral with the rod, grips the shock absorber in sealed manner, and the compensation casing is connected by a pipe to an external source of variable pressure.

Abstract: A bumper rubber is disclosed and includes: a bumper rubber body being elastically deformable and having a substantially cylindrical shape, wherein the bumper rubber body is inserted into a rod extending from a top end portion of a cylinder of a shock absorber, a top end surface thereof is brought into contact with a bottom end portion of a suspension insulator disposed on a vehicle body, and a bottom end surface thereof is brought into contact with a top end portion of the cylinder, thereby being elastically deformed and absorbing the excessive displacements of the shock absorber; and a rigid ring integrally insert-molded on an outer periphery surface of the bumper rubber body and having an engagement groove on an exposed outer periphery surface thereof to be engaged with a dust cover, and the engagement groove going round on the exposed outer periphery surface of the rigid ring in a ring-like shape.