Abstract: A seal assembly is positioned within a cavity that extends circumferentially about an axial centerline of a gas turbine engine. The cavity includes a cavity wall. The seal assembly includes a seal and a seal protector. The seal extends circumferentially within the cavity. The seal protector extends circumferentially within the cavity. The seal protector is positioned between the seal and the cavity wall. The seal protector includes a locating feature that is operative to contact the seal to aid in axially positioning the seal protector relative to the seal.

Abstract: A cylinder apparatus includes a flow path which is provided in a valve member and through which a fluid circulates when a rod is moved; a disk valve which opens and closes the flow path; and a spring member which presses the disk valve in an axial direction. The spring member includes a first spring which comes into contact with the disk valve in a state in which the disk valve closes the flow path, and a second spring which comes into contact with the disk valve in a state in which the disk valve opens the flow path.

Abstract: A spring return apparatus for elastically prestressing sliding pads against a sliding bearing face of an axial piston machine. The sliding pads are positioned on working pistons mounted axially movably in cylinders of a cylinder barrel that drives a drive shaft including a spring plate and a supporting plate. The spring plate includes a ring region surrounding a central opening, and levers extending radially from the ring region. The levers are arranged spaced apart or distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction, and are elastically flexible and/or elastically pivotable in the axial direction. Every two adjacent levers delimit a receiving region for receiving a tapered section of a working piston or a sliding pad. The supporting plate has a circular ring-shaped supporting region configured to support radially outer end sections of the levers if the supporting plate is arranged concentrically with respect to and axially adjacently to the spring plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injector with a holding body and a nozzle body which are joined together and which accommodate a coupler module which has a coupler body enclosed by a spring sleeve. The spring sleeve is open in a circumferential direction at a seam thereof which extends in the longitudinal direction. Either the wall thickness of the spring sleeve varies in the longitudinal direction, or a width of at least one hole geometry in the sheathing of the spring sleeve varies in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A spring for applying a biasing force to a disc of a brake hub assembly including a hub having a circumferential groove, at least one disc, and a plurality of guide pins for rotatably coupling the hub and the disc wherein the spring comprises a band for circumferentially engaging the hub. The spring is characterized by a plurality of axial position retention tabs circumferentially spaced and extending radially inwardly from the band for engaging the circumferential groove of the hub and for preventing axial movement between the spring and the hub. The spring is further characterized by a plurality of circumferential position tabs circumferentially spaced and extending radially outwardly from the band and being generally U-shaped and defining a guide pin opening for at least partially engaging one of the guide pins for rotatably coupling the spring and the hub.

Abstract: An annular seal device includes a mandrel, at least one cone axially moveable on the mandrel, at least one sealing element having a frustoconical outer surface and a frustoconical inner surface, at least one contact feature at the at least one cone and operably engageable with the at least one sealing element, and at least one of a blocking element and a resilient member at the mandrel, the at least one of a blocking element and a resilient member supporting a blocking surface in opposition to the at least one contact feature. The resilient member itself includes a tubular body having spring rings at axial ends thereof, and a plurality of beams extending spirally from one axial end to the other axial end.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement for a pedal force servomechanism assembly of a motor vehicle structure. The pedal force servomechanism assembly is provided with integrated screw connection points and can be fastened by screws to any vehicle structure in a particular vehicle application. It also provides that a static axial pressing of the components located within the unit, a hydraulic unit and a motor unit, is ensured. A holding plate is positioned between the opposed surfaces of those assembled units, and is provided both with through-holes for attaching the hydraulic unit to the motor unit, as well as with through-holes for attaching the assembly to the vehicle structure of the particular vehicle application. The holding plate is of resilient design in the axial direction in the clamping region between the hydraulic unit and the motor unit.

Abstract: This leaf spring (17) for a thrust reverser shutter (13) is noteworthy in that it has two branches (19, 21) defining a U shape, the ends (19a, 19b, 21a, 21b) of these branches being able to cooperate respectively with a shutter (13) of said reverser and with a link (15) for actuating this shutter.

Abstract: There is provided a pressure-responsive device (40) suitable for use in an inhaler, the pressure-responsive device (40) comprising a closed frame (42) over which is fixed a membrane (44), a tongue (46) being supported on the membrane (44). Two upstanding wings (50) are integrally moulded with the tongue (46) and incorporate square apertures (52). A method of manufacturing the pressure-responsive device (40) is also provided.

Abstract: An interconnect assembly (100) includes a spring member (200) integrally formed of a first portion (202) having two prongs (208) and a slot (210), the first portion being coupled to a second deflected portion (204) formed of a cantilevered beam (212) with interference fit tabs (214) extending from either side. A latch (400) includes hooks (406) and foot members (408). A housing (600), such as a battery pack housing, includes a side surface (606) having protrusion (602) and pockets (604) formed therein along with vertical side channels (610). The spring, latch and housing (200, 400, 600) are coupled such that the vertical channels (610) capture and guide the interference fit tabs (214) down the side of the housing (600) as the foot members (408) of the latch (400) are inserted into the pockets (604) of the housing (600).

Abstract: A detent spring assembly that accurately locates a detent plate in a gear shift mechanism of an automotive vehicle has a detent spring which includes an elongated flexible strip. A roller on the strip is engageable with any one of a series of notches in the detent plate to properly position the detent plate. A fastener secures the detent spring to a support. A part on the strip engages the support at a point spaced from the fastener to cooperate with the fastener in accurately and precisely locating the strip.

Abstract: A cushion pad for shows includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a flexible mediate portion connected between the top plate and the bottom plate. The flexible mediate portion includes a plurality of straight plates perpendicularly connected to the top plate and the bottom plate, and a serrated plate is connected between the straight plates extending from the top plate and the bottom plate.

Abstract: A one-way clutch spring intended to reduce drag torque of one-way clutches. Tongues extend within pockets in which engagement members are disposed are bent in advance radially inward when they are disposed in an annular space so as to have bends at a proximal end and to form an angle of inclination (?) of 20°-30° with a base. Further, the angle of inclination (?) with the base increases to exceed the angle of inclination (?) by an amount of 5°-15° when engagement members contact the tongues. Further, the height of the front end of the tongue relative to the base is greater than that of a top of the second bend to the base, and the three bends each have their center of curvature positioned on the side of an inner ring with the base used as a reference and their radius of curvature is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm.

Abstract: A plurality of click portions is formed integrally with a unit body. The click portions are arranged on a common circular track, and a dial is engaged with the click portions so as to be unstable and to be prevented from slipping off. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a D spring for coupling the dial to a shaft so as to be unstable and to be prevented from slipping off. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the number of components and a cost.

Abstract: A magnetic tape cassette includes a case that is formed by joining an upper half and a lower half, one or more tape reels, a window and a reel urging member having a tape reel contacting portion which contacts an upper part of the tape reel(s), bent arms connected to opposite sides of the tape reel contacting portion and sliding end portions provided at distal ends of the bent arm. A slide groove is provided in an inner surface of a perimeter of a window opening in the upper half and a window member has hold-and-retain portions which hold the sliding end portions in cooperation with a bottom surface of the slide groove into which the sliding end portions have been fitted. A tape reel suitable for use with the magnetic tape cassette, a resinous leaf spring and its production process are also provided. Tape reels housed in a cassette case can be urged toward the lower half by a member whose structure is simple and permits easy fitting and removal.

Abstract: A packing spring for a steam turbine comprising a flat, elongated spring body of specified length, width and thickness dimensions; a flange at one end of the main spring body; and at least one bend in the main spring body, located substantially midway along the length dimension of the spring body.

Abstract: A method of assembling an ink ribbon cartridge comprises inserting a leaf spring having a mounting frame and a flat spring finger that longitudinally extends from the mounting frame, beginning at an opening in the mounting frame, and at an acute angle from the opening, into a housing-half to position the spring finger pointing at the acute angle into the housing-half, and inserting an ink ribbon spool having opposite hub ends and a rotation axis into the housing-half, laterally relative to the rotation axis, to cause one of the hub ends to depress the spring finger at least partially into the opening, whereby the spring finger will urge the spool in one direction along the rotation axis.

Abstract: A clip detent spring forming part of a mechanism for inserting clips into the jaws of a clip applying instrument performs the tasks of engaging and separating a first in line clip from a line of clips carried by the mechanism, and the task of positioning the clip for insertion into the instrument jaws.

Abstract: There is a film-press spring for pressing a photographic film on a take-up spool in a take-up chamber. The film-press spring has a main body for guiding a leading end of the photographic film at the beginning of the film winding and a plate bended in U-shape against the main body. A pressing arm which is protruded from the main body presses the photographic film to a periphery of the take-up spool. And a fitting arm which is elastic enough to be transformed is protruded from the plate. When inserted into the spring attachment hollow of the take-up chamber, the fitting arm presses the wall surface of the spring attachment hollow. And a slipping prevention claw of the plate is engaged with the wall surface of the spring attachment hollow.

Abstract: An electroplating rack includes a cathode flight bar from which depends an insulated rack bar over an acid bath. A clamp is fixed to the rack bar, and has a bridge electrically connected to the flight bar through a conducting core inside the insulated rack bar. The clamp has a main body made of plastic, which includes a slot in which protrudes the bridge. An electrically conducting spring clip is installed in the slot, and is formed of two arms continuously biased into a spreaded, opened condition in the slot. A screw carried by the main body, when rotated in a first direction, can force the spring clip into a closed condition, in which it can hold an article to be electroplated between its two arms, and in which one of the spring clip arms is forced against the bridge member. Thus, electrical current can pass through the rack flight bar and conducting core, then through the bridge member, the spring clip and finally into the article to be electroplated.

Abstract: A hydraulic clutch is made up of alternatively arranged discs and driven plates in a clutch drum which is actuated by a hydraulic piston and a wave spring for reducing a shock made of a strip formed into a ring and having pawls at both ends thereof extending in an axial or radial direction of the ring. The pawls engage with grooves in the hydraulic piston or the spline for mounting the driven plates, thereby preventing the wave spring from rotating with the clutch plates and the piston surface from wear or abrasion.

Abstract: The body of a dispenser includes a compartment (C) configured to receive a stack of pellets (P). A dispensing slot (S) is located at one end of the compartment (C). A spring biases the pellets (P) toward the slot (S). A lever (50) has a rest position in which it blocks movement of pellets (P) into the slot (S), and a cocked position in which it allows a pellet (P) to move into the slot (S). The lever (50) is biased into the rest position by a J-shaped leaf spring (64). The spring (64) has a curved end arcing around the pivot axis (X) of the lever (50) and a straight end (68). A stop (70) engages the straight end (68) to allow translation but prevent pivoting of the straight end (68) when the lever (50) is pivoted away from its rest position.

Abstract: The micromechanical electrostatic relay has, on the one hand, a base substrate with base electrode and a base contact piece and, on the other hand, an armature substrate with an armature spring tongue that is etched free and curved away from the base substrate, and that has an armature electrode and an armature contact piece. When a control voltage is applied between the two electrodes, the spring tongue unrolls on the base substrate until it is stretched and causes the two contact pieces to touch. In order to obtain a high contacting force given an optimally large electrode area, the armature contact piece is arranged on a contact spring section that is cut free from the spring tongue via spring webs in the form of a sun wheel with spoke sections helically interengaging such that it is surrounded on all sides by the spring tongue.

Abstract: A fixing structure is provided for an outer ring in an one-way clutch. The fixing structure includes a ring-shaped leaf spring having angular waviness, interposed between an outer side wall of the outer ring and an opposing inner wall of a housing and integrally assembled on a stepped outer peripheral portion of the outer ring. The ring-shaped leaf spring has plural tabs on an inner peripheral edge portion thereof and is fixed by spring forces of the tabs immovably in the direction of an axis of the outer ring. The stepped outer peripheral portion of the outer ring preferably defines a circumferential slot therein and the tabs of the ring-shaped leaf spring are fitted in the circumferential slot, whereby any axial movement of the ring-shaped leaf spring is limited.

Abstract: A bearing assembly for a rotary shaft machine, the assembly comprising a ball or rotary bearing mounted between a bearing support and the shaft, the bearing comprising an outer ring and an inner ring between which rolling elements are interposed, the outer ring being held rigidly to the support, the inner ring and the shaft being slidable relative to each other, the bearing assembly further comprising at least one washer mounted between the inner ring and a shoulder of the shaft and exerting force between the inner ring and the shoulder tending to move them apart to take up operating slack, wherein the washer presents a flat annulus and a plurality of trapezium-shaped resilient tabs extending radially from the annulus, each presenting a portion that is inclined relative to the plane of the annulus and each being terminated by an end flat parallel to the plane of the annulus.

Abstract: A control knob is secured to a D-shaped shaft or lever of a switch or potentiometer which is supported on a control panel. The control panel is molded plastic and is furnished with detent ramps or indentations in its surface adjacent the shaft or lever. A D-spring between the knob and the shaft retains the knob in the shaft and has a laterally extending leaf spring with a detent button formed in the leaf near its free end. The leaf spring biases the detent button against the detent ramps to afford detent action upon rotation of a shaft or linear movement of a lever. The detent ramps are formed in a forward-facing surface of the panel or in a wall formed by a recess or aperture in the panel. The leaf spring is shaped to accommodate the position of the detent ramps.

Abstract: A shaft clutch mechanism, and method and apparatus for its production are disclosed. The shaft clutch mechanism has an upper body folded into a polygonal cross section with a plurality of fingers, each finger attached to and extending from a flat section of the upper body. The shaft clutch mechanism is pressed on to one end of an inner nested element of a telescoping body and is placed inside an outer element where the fingers are slightly deformed, providing slight friction sufficient to hold the inner element in place, but still allowing it to slide relative to the outer element. The method and apparatus for producing the shaft clutch mechanism use a two stage press and a bending device to take a continuous strip of material to form blanks which then are bent to form the shaft clutch mechanism that is pressed on to the inner element of the telescoping body.

Abstract: A control knob is secured to a D-shaped shaft or lever of a switch or potentiometer which is supported on a control panel. The control panel is molded plastic and is furnished with detent ramps or indentations in its surface adjacent the shaft or lever. A D-spring between the knob and the shaft retains the knob in the shaft and has a laterally extending leaf spring with a detent button formed in the leaf near its free end. The leaf spring biases the detent button against the detent ramps to afford detent action upon rotation of a shaft or linear movement of a lever. The detent ramps are formed in a forward-facing surface of the panel or in a wall formed by a recess or aperture in the panel. The leaf spring is shaped to accommodate the position of the detent ramps.

Abstract: An ink ribbon cartridge including a cartridge housing having a first side wall and a second side wall opposed to each other. The cartridge housing has a pair of first engaging portions on an inside surface of the first side wall. A supply spool and a take-up spool are rotatably disposed between the first and second side walls in spaced relation and carry an ink ribbon wound thereon. The spools have first end portions formed with flanges and second end portions opposed to the first end portions. The flanges have second engaging portions engageable with the first engaging portions. U-shaped leaf springs are disposed between the second side wall and the second end portions of the spools and bias the first end portions of the spools against the first side wall. The U-shaped leaf springs include base portions and annular portions extending from the base portions, respectively. The base portions have openings receiving the second end portions of the spools, respectively.

Abstract: A spring is assembled in an annular shape into a one-way clutch to urge engagement members disposed between inner and outer races of the one-way clutch in one direction. In the spring, first and second transverse sections are alternately provided. Those first and second transverse sections define receiving openings which have a generally rectangular shape adapted to receive the engagement members therein. Each first transverse section has a tab projecting into the respective receiving opening so as to press an engagement member received in the receiving opening. The first and second transverse sections also define adjusting openings which are provided alternately with the receiving openings for adjusting the widths of at least the first transverse sections.

Abstract: A return spring (40,60) operable with piston means (30) for use in fluid operated friction torque transmission devices (11) including relatively rotatable members (12,13) carrying a plurality of torque plates (18,22), one of the members providing a fluid chamber (34) in which the piston means is reciprocable. Such a spring comprises flexible base means (41,61) carried within a recess (50,51) provided in the rotatable member and spring tab means (43,66) extending from the flexible base means and engageable with a wall (52) of the piston means; the tab means being movable with the piston means upon movement thereof in and out of the chamber in response to activation of the piston means.

Abstract: "A vehicle and the ballistic shock isolator therefor including a turret, a sensor assembly and a shock isolator isolating the turret from the sensor switch and including upper and lower annular members, a plurality of leaves secured at opposing ends thereof to the annular members, each of the leaves having a corrugated bellows shaped portion in the form of an even number of similarly shaped portions, alternate ones of the similarly shaped portions having an open end in opposing directions, each of the leaves varying in thickness and width in a direction from the upper annular member to the lower annular member. The variation in width of the portion is alternately from wide to narrow and then from narrow to wide in a direction from the upper annular member to the lower annular member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grounding ring which may be used in grd adapters. The grounding ring has a structure resembling a miniature box girder with an irregular hexagonal cross section and is bent into a toroidal configuration. The grounding ring is characterized by increased wall areas for establishing electrical contact between a surface of a conductor and a surface of a stuffing tube, grounding conduit, or shield grounding fitting. The grounding ring provides improved EM performance and better capacitive coupling.

Abstract: A resilient spring defining a platform surface (250) and including a pair of side-by-side spring arms (244) extending in a common axial direction from the platform surface. Each of the spring arms defines an end (252) in an adjacent relationship to the base of the other spring arm, whereby the spring arms (252) extend generally in opposing transverse directions and in the common axial direction to define a pair of bearing surfaces (260) disposed to engage a common support surface (242) of another member (38). Locking lances (258) extend from side walls (254) of the spring in a direction opposed to the axial direction of the spring arms (252) to engage ledges along side walls (262) of a cavity (70) of the other member in a manner permitting only biased movement toward the common support surface (242) when an additional member (52) to be spring biased is placed on and urged against the platform surface (250).

Abstract: A spring contact device consists of an insulative case (7) having at least one pair of slots (8) extending upwardly from a bottom thereof and a contact spring (1) which includes a leaf spring portion made from a spring metal sheet; a U-shaped contact portion (3) made by bending upwardly and then downwardly an end portion of the upper section of the U-shaped leaf spring such that the contact portion projects through a top of the case; a pair of curled portions (4) extending inwardly from opposite sides of each leg of the U-shaped contact portion; a terminal portion (5) made from an end portion of the lower section of the U-shaped leaf spring portion so as to project downwardly from a bottom of the case; a U-shaped leaf spring portion between the contact and terminal portions; and at least one pair of lugs (6) extending upwardly from a lower section (2) of the U-shaped leaf spring portion and press fitted into the slots for securing the spring contact to the case.

Abstract: An inversion spring unit for a thermal overload relay and method for making the same, comprising a support member, a spring plate having a first end, a second end, an elongated central axis, and first and second side portions disposed on opposite sides of the central axis, the side protions being bent towards each other at the first end and attached at the first end to the support member for causing the second end of the spring plate to curve in a first direction away from the central axis, and a lug disposed intermediate the first and second ends for selective engagement with a drive portion to cause the second end of the spring plate to curve in a second direction opposite the first direction.

Abstract: A retainer which is for a one-way clutch and is made of a synthetic resin so that the retainer includes a pair of annular portions, a plurality of column portions disposed at equal intervals along the circumference of the retainer and coupling the annular portions to each other along the axis of the retainer, roller pockets defined by the annular portions and the column portions, and elastic members integrally provided on the sides of the column portions, to which rollers housed in the roller pockets are moved when the one-way clutch is disengaged. The other side of each of the column portions is formed with an inner and an outer projecting parts projecting toward the former side of the neighboring column portion. The width of each of the elastic members gradually decreases from the butt thereof toward the tip thereof. The former side of each of the column portions is formed with stoppers for limiting the elastic deformation of the elastic members toward the former side of the column portion.

Abstract: A leaf spring made of a flat, thin, metallic strip comprised of an elongated flexible member with two parallel sides terminating at either end into flat rectangular, corss-like or circular shapes with a width approximately twice the width of the strip at its midpoint. The ends are crimped or cold pressed downward and then outward near their edges to form flanges. The crimped or pressed ends become each foot of the leaf spring.

Abstract: Automatic self-aligning ball metals rotatably mounted at both end parts of a rotor shaft in an electric motor are supported by holding devices. The holding device is designed in the form of a disc having a flange portion around the outer periphery thereof. It is formed with a plurality of pawls having different intensities of resilient force which extend in the radial direction from an area located in the proximity of the flange portion. The pawls having a higher intensity of resilient force and the pawls having a lower intensity of resilient force are alternately arranged in the peripheral direction of the holding device and the inner part of each of the pawls is bent at a certain inclination angle. The pawls having a lower intensity of resilient force are adapted to come in contact with the metal ball earlier than the pawls having a higher intensity of resilient force. Each of the pawls having a higher intensity of resilient force has a width wider than the pawls having a lower intensity of resilient force.

Abstract: A solid spring disc is made of resiliently yieldable material and is shaped as a shallow cone whose upper and lower surfaces are corrugated and are defined by a plurality of angularly spaced triangular segments of identical size and shape and disposed in adjoining side-by-side relation. The substantially linear force/deflection range of the spring disc is significantly longer than that of a conventional Belleville spring of comparable size and thus the spring disc possesses a substantially lower spring rate.

Abstract: An improved coined reel leaf spring for a video tape cassette is provided having a central portion and arms emanating therefrom. The arms include at least one rib formed therein adding strength to the arms and allowing a one-half reduction in the conventional thickness of the coined reel leaf spring required to effect bending and biasing. The reduced thickness, of course, reduces material costs for the coined reel leaf spring and overall production costs for the tape cassette.

Abstract: Upon a spider with rigid arms (4) and thereon adjoining mounting plates (1) are placed spring bands (81,82,83). These are supported on battens (12) on the mounting plates (1) and connected via screw bolts (20). By means of the screw bolts (20) the spring tension of the leaf spring strips (71,72,73) can be varied. Upon this triangle of strips rests another spider, containing rigid arms (5) and mounting plates (2). The contact site of the leaf spring sections (71,72,73) on the battens (12) is linear and in the same way there exists a linear resting of the arms (5) on the underlying strips. The mounting plates (2) of the upper spider contain again battens (12) and clamp bolts (20) forming a linear support. The superposed spiders are guided against one another through sleeves (9), guide rod (10) and key (11). Because of the fact that there exist leaf spring sections, the mounting height of the vibration dampers is very small.

Abstract: Of a plurality of column portions and annular portions on both sides thereof comprising a roller cage, at least one of the annular portions is molded separate from the column portions, the column and annular portions are provided therein projections and mating recesses in the opposing faces and these are fitted together for secure joining thereof, and lugs formed at both ends of the spring element for urging rollers, which is divided into a plurality of segments along the periphery of the cage, are bent into radial grooves and a stepped recess portion for engagement therein.

Abstract: A tool-loadable biasing spring for a knob retainer plate securing a doorknob on its knob sleeve. The plate is slidable transversely in the sleeve and has a central opening. The biasing spring has a bight with a hook for engagement behind the linear forward border of the opening and with an axial offset for transmitting thrust to such border. Spring legs extend unrestrained across the face of the plate into camming relation with forwardly diverging inner faces of the sleeve, so as to generate forward bias on the spring. The legs have axial offsets with out-turned fingers to lock behind the plate. For loading, the spring is held in resiliently contracted condition across the end of a holder tool, and the tool is inserted into the end of the sleeve until both the bight offset and leg offsets and fingers pass simultaneously through the retainer plate opening. The spring is then released for self-movement into interlocked relation with the plate.

Abstract: A retaining ring (30) includes a cone-shaped, resilient rim (32) which defines a Belleville-type spring. A plurality of resilient teeth (36) extend radially inwardly or radially outwardly from one of the inner or outer edges of the rim, respectively. The retaining ring is receivable onto a shaft or into a housing bore where the resilient teeth (36) engage an annular groove (28) to retain the ring. The Belleville-type spring portion of the retaining ring provides a continuous axial force and allows for the resilient take-up of manufacturing tolerances in assemblies employing the retaining ring.

Abstract: An isolator designed to prevent transmission of shock and vibration from one structure to another, comprising a device structured to provide orthogonal excursion in three directions and comprising a plurality of nested, concentrically-arranged component structures, each of which is structured to permit orthogonal excursion and a connector element for securing structures in nested parallel relation so that the composite resistance to displacement is the sum of the resistances of the individual components. The component structure may decrease in size from the outside to the inside or be all of the same size.

Abstract: A recorder-indicator which mechanically magnifies strain or movement using special flex pivots. The lever system is activated by the motions being recorded or observed. A pointer indicates the strain or movement. It also marks or scribes a record of maximum movement on a recording medium having a scale. The recording media may be placed in a slide for projecting the recorded data and scale on a screen for enlargement.The recording media may be moved in the "Y" direction by one of several means to separate events recorded in the "X" direction.One of the features of the invention is the type of flex pivots that are suitable for small angular motion with minimum distorsion under high load. These pivots may be placed close to each other without interference. Other species of flex pivots are inexpensive to manufacture and still other flex pivots are suitable for relatively large loads and angular movements.The amplified motion is also used to activate limit switches.

Abstract: A scratch strain gauge has an annular target removably supported on a first plate, which is fixed to a first area of a structure that is to have its strains recorded. The target, which has a groove in its periphery, is driven by flat springs, supported on a second plate, which is fixed to a second area of the structure and longitudinally spaced from the first area. The plates have an interlocking relationship for temperature compensation. A dust seal cover is disposed over the space between the plates and the target. A door is pivotally mounted on the cover and closes an opening formed between the cover and the first plate and through which the target can be inserted and removed. One of the supports for supporting the target is mounted on the door and engages the bottom of the groove. A resiliently mounted support on the first plate also engages the bottom of the groove as does a third support fixed to the first plate. The opening of the door enables the target to be easily removed.

Abstract: In a wrench for use in gripping particular workpieces or hardware, such as nuts, pipe, or the like, a handle means has formed at its upward end a fixed jaw, a movable jaw slidably mounts to the shank portion of the handle means for the purpose of adjusting the setting of the wrench. The gripping surfaces of both the fixed jaw and movable jaw are arranged substantially parallel in alignment, and each of said surfaces is arranged at an acute angle of less than 90.degree. with the handle means of said wrench. The movable portion of the wrench is provided with a series of teeth or serrations that are disposed for engaging oppositely disposed teeth formed on the inner surface of the shank portion of the wrench handle, and in this manner the movable jaw may be fixed in a particular setting for gripping a particular workpiece to be manipulated.