Abstract: A printing apparatus such as a printer of the type using a type wheel includes two guide members which extend between a pair of side frames and each of which is fixed by riveting. A carrier is slidably mounted on the guide members. A carriage loaded with a type wheel and others is mounted on a carrier in such a manner as to be rotatable by 90 degrees between a predetermined print position and a wheel replace position behind the print position. A sensor for determining the presence/absence and the kind of a type wheel loaded in the carriage is provided.

Abstract: A method of feeding a work station, which utilizes a robot to grasp workpieces one after the other at a charging station to which the workpieces are successively conducted to feed them to the work station and to transfer the workpiece worked upon to a discharging station. The robot grasps every workpiece arriving at the charging station by a workpiece holder that grasps the workpieces at a predetermined place thereon and holds them during all the time of transfer thereof and working thereon and releases the workpieces only when they arrive at the discharging station. At the work station, the workpiece holder is held in a very precise position by a gripping block rigidly fixed to a member in the work station. An apparatus for practicing this method comprises a workpiece holder adapted to the geometry of the workpieces to be processed, and a gripping block mounted on a member in the work station and arranged to receive the workpiece holder and to securely hold the same in a precise position at the work station.

Abstract: A modular fixturing system is provided, whose typical use is holding each of a series of similar workpieces, such as rough castings, during machining. It is conventional to support such workpieces during machining on permanent fixtures, specially designed for each type and size of workpiece, each such fixture utilizing two or more locating pins through parallel bores in the workpiece. In the present invention, locating pins are not part of any permanent fixture; instead, using a fixturing plate drilled with bores at modular intervals, the present adaptors are secured at any required spacing, and locating pins of desired diameter are mounted in them. One of the adaptors, referred to as "fixed", is mounted directly to one of the modular bores of the fixturing plate. The other adaptor to be used will be one whose position is slidably adjustable along linearly aligned slots in its base.

Abstract: The invention is an improved pallet clamp for positioning and holding a pallet supporting a workpiece relative to a machine adapted to operate on the workpiece. The clamp has a base member, a plurality of longitudinally movable registration pins adapted to engage bores on a pallet, a pallet support surface, jaws to engage and clamp the pallet against the support surface, and an actuation means to initially move the registration pins into the bores on the pallet and subsequently move the jaws into clamping engagement.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding an object in a desired location in space having a beam, the upper edge of which having channels. A lamellar component is present on this beam. The lower and upper sides of the component are each provided with a recess. The lateral faces of the lower recess are in engagement with the channels of the beam. The lateral faces of the upper recess engage into channels that are constructed in an angular carriage. A vise for gripping an object, for example, is present at one end of this carriage. The apparatus may be used on machine tools for retaining objects to be machined. In particular these may be machine tools on which the object is treated by electroerosion.

Abstract: A reference piece (30) for positioning a workpiece in a prescribed operational position, within the working zone (10) of a wire spark-erosion machine, relative to the cutting wire (8) of the machine, has associated with it at least one planar base reference surface (20, 22) formed on the mounting table (2) of the machine, outside the working zone, which base reference surface extends in an x-direction and in a y-direction perpendicular to the x-direction, and extends at the level, or in a plane, of the lower limit line (9) (base line) of the working zone with regard to a z-direction normal to the x- and y-directions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fixing device, especially intended to be used on a remote-controlled transport car for assembly of combustion engines. The fixing device comprises a first fixing plate carried by a turntable on the car, and a second fixing plate, connectable thereto, and intended to be mounted onto the flywheel housing gearbox plane of an engine block. The first fixing plate has keyhole-shaped cavities, into which pins on the other fixing plate fit. There is also a cooperating cam groove and follower which automatically lock the fixing plates together when the turntable is rotated from a predetermined position.

Abstract: A clamping device has a clamp base having a first clamping element. A second clamping element faces the first clamping element, which moves toward the first clamping element and cooperates with the first clamping element to hold an article. A shaft is rotatably provided in the crank base such that it extends substantially at right angles to the directions in which the second clamping member moves. An eccentric is formed on the shaft. A crank lever is supported at one end by a crank holder connected to the second clamp element and fitted at the other end on the eccentric. As the shaft rotates, the second clamping element is moved towards or away from the first clamping element so as to hold the article between the elements or release the article from them.

Abstract: A base on a movable table is used for determining the x and y coordinates of a workpiece. The base consists of a first reference base and a second reference base, with each reference base having a reference face with grooves adapted to receive a wire to determine the location of the side of the workpiece in one coordinate direction and two reference holes having wire guiding grooves for checking the thermal expansion of the side of the workpiece. Additionally each reference base has an indicator for showing both the distance between the two reference holes and the distance between the centers of the two reference holes and the reference face.

Abstract: A hydraulic work support assembly includes a externally threaded housing and a sleeve pressed into the bore of the housing which in turn receives a cylindrical plunger. The plunger may be extended to any one of a number of positions and thereafter locked in place upon application of hydraulic pressure to an annular chamber between the sleeve and the housing which causes the sleeve to contract and grip the complimental plunger. The end of the sleeve and the end of the housing lie in a common plane transverse to the central axis of the housing, and seals are carried by the housing and the sleeve adjacent the ends thereof in contact with opposite sides of an annular chamber formed in the bottom of a recess of base structure.

Abstract: A manual operation type pallet-clamping device comprises a base block 11 to be secured to a work table 1 of a machine tool. A work pallet 2 for holding a work piece is positioned relative to the base block 11 by a positioning unit 15, and the work pallet 2 is clamped to the base block 11 by a clamping unit 14. A manual operation lever 17 is arranged to move between predetermined first and second positions, and an operating unit having an operation shaft 22 is arranged to simultaneously operate the positioning unit and the clamping unit in accordance with the movement of the manual operation lever 17 between the first and second positions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fabricating long full width scanning arrays for reading or writing images. For this purpose, smaller scanning arrays are assembled in abutting end-to-end relationship, each of the smaller arrays being provided with a pair of V-shaped locating grooves in the face thereof. An aligning tool having predisposed pin-like projections insertable into the locating grooves on the smaller scanning arrays upon assembly of the smaller arrays with the aligning tool is used to mate a series of the smaller arrays in end-to-end abutting relationship, there being discretely located vacuum ports in the aligning tool to draw the smaller arrays into tight face-to-face contact with the tool. A suitable base is then affixed to the aligned arrays and the aligning tool withdrawn.

Abstract: A gripper for holding a manufactured part in a X-ray inspection system. The gripper includes a stationary jaw, a slidable jaw, a gripper base, a wear plate, a centering bushing an end plate, and a cam actuated spring mechanism for opening and closing the jaws. Both jaws are removable and adjustable in a keyway. Set screws are used to hold the jaws in place for a predetermined separation and allows a part to be positioned off center. The removable aspect allows for various jaw configurations. The centering bushing includes a cam shaped opening for accepting an end of an pneumatic activated ball plunger of a numerically controlled part manipulator. The centering bushing aligns the gripper to the longitudinal axis of the part manipulator.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning circuit components such as flat package IC's at predetermined positions of a printed circuit board and a method therefor are disclosed. In the apparatus, a guide body is provided on the printed circuit board and a positioning member is installed on a retainer plate which holds one of the circuit components. The guide portion guides the positioning member to a point where the component coincides with the predetermined position.

Abstract: A versatile knockdown fixture includes datum members each of which is provided with at least two intersecting grooves, which are located on the side of mating faces and form, after the mating faces have been joined, unified spaces. At the intersection of the grooves, there is provided an annular recess where there is a sleeve with radial holes in its side. A cylindrical key is secured by an indent made at one of its ends in each hole, which key fits the space with a guaranteed interference. Within the area of contact with the key, the groove has a trapezoid cross section and a depth greater than one half of the diameter of the key.

Abstract: A hydraulic clamp embedded in a T-slot of a machine tool bolster plate, has a T-slotted piston rod end which fits continuously within the T-slot of the bolster plate. Using a T-configured member secured to the underside of a die shoe, and slid into the T-slot, actuating the hydraulic clamp draws the shoe downward, firmly clamping it against the bolster surface. If, instead of a T-configured member, and I-beam member (in effect, a double T) is used in a die shoe having a T-slotted undersurface, the clamping force is extended over the entire length of the I-beam. The effect is to avoid distortion of the die shoe. In addition to the surface friction attendant to the present distortion-free clamping, positive resistance of sideward displacement of the shoe is provided by the T-slot edges. When the present invention is not employed for clamping, the T-slotted surfaces of the bolster plates are unencumbered and may therefore be used and cleaned in an ordinary manner.

Abstract: A slide mechanism for use in transporting a stereoscope along a horizontal support arm of a photogrammetric instrument includes a member slidably mounted to a pair of support tracks cantilevered to the support arm. A clamping mechanism is used to lock the slide member in a first predetermined position on the support tracks and is unlockable to enable the slide mechanism to be moved along the support tracks to a second position.

Abstract: A machine tool bolster includes a horizontal fixture support plate and a pressure-operable clamp device is vertically shiftably mounted to the underside of the plate and includes a clamp insert holder extending axially into a circular hole provided in the plate. A fixture is mounted to a locating plate provided with a receptacle adapted to receive the clamp insert holder when the clamp device is raised relative to the plate. A rod is connected to a piston of the clamp device and extends vertically through the holder. The upper end of the rod is conically shaped and acts against complementary shaped clamp inserts radially slidably mounted in the holder to shift them outwardly against a conically flared portion of the locating plate receptacle so as to clamp the fixture to the bolster.

Abstract: A log holder for supporting a log in a horizontal orientation by engaging one end of the log, thereby leaving the other end free for cutting. The holder includes a base (12), a frame (20) extending upwardly from the base, upper (24) and lower (22) supports mounted to the frame above the base, and a counterweight support (26). The lower support includes an upwardly facing first contact surface (56). The upper support includes a downwardly facing second contact surface (70, 72, 74) that is horizontally spaced from the first contact surface in a first direction. The lower and upper contact surfaces are vertically positioned with respect to one another such that one end of the log (10) can be supported therebetween in a generally horizontal orientation, with the log extending from the lower support in a direction opposite the first direction. The counterweight support is mounted to the frame above the base and is horizontally spaced from the upper support in the first direction.

Abstract: A fixture for establishing stop surfaces against which a workpiece can be held to accurately locate it during robotic machine tool operations. The fixture includes a table surface having frusto-conical openings arranged in a preselected pattern to receive locator pins. Each locator pin has a frusto-conical base which automatically centers itself in the opening so that a robotic machine can insert the pins without having to first precisely align them with the openings. Each locator pin is locked in its opening by a releaseable slide mechanism which acts against the pin on opposite sides by wedging action to securely hold the pin down on the table.

Abstract: Reference system for fixing a workpiece to a wire electric discharge machine with work table. The system consists of a base reference system attached to the work table (1) and forming a base reference surface (3) which defines a plane located on a level above the work table (1) but beneath the vertical working range of the machine and comprising two stop means (4, 5) to form the references defining the x- and y-directions of the plane. Moreover, a secondary reference system is included in the system which consists of fixed separate reference parts (10-12, 17-21) which at mounting on the base reference system, directly or as assembled outside the machine, define a fixed, desired and predetermined level within the vertical working range of the machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring a pallet with a plurality of workpieces into a gang machine and locating and clamping the workpieces while being machined. The workpieces are received and loosely retained on the pallet while being transferred and each workpiece is located and clamped in the machine independently of both the other workpieces and the pallet. Each workpiece is accurately positioned by locators carried by the machine and at least in part held while being machined by clamps carried by the pallet. The workpieces are moved into engagement with the locators by a lift which moves the pallet toward the locators.

Abstract: An automatic set-up system is provided for setting up on a pallet work to be machined by a flexible manufacturing system automatic machine tool. The pallet has a support plate and a jig plate which overlies the support plate on which the work is placed. The support plate, the jig plate and the work are sequentially conveyed by a convey unit on a setting table. The relative positions of the support plate and the jig plate, and of the jig plate and the work are usually held constant by the engagement of positioning recesses and positioning pins. Even if the position of the jig plate or the work conveyed by the convey unit deviates from a predetermined position, a float base and a support plate (the float base, the support plate, and the jig plate) are floated by means of air bearing pads. The horizontal movement of these components can be readily controlled, so that positioning pins can be easily fitted in the positioning recesses.

Abstract: A quick change mounting plate for securing an end fed or a side fed electrical terminal applicator, alternatively, to a press for operating the applicator, is provided with latches for locking the base plate of the respective applicator to the mounting plate. Each latch is movable between a raised latching position and a lowered position in which the latch does not interrupt the surface of the mounting plate, upon which surface the respective base plate is to be supported. The latches, one of which is positioned substantially centrally of said surface, are located to engage, in their raised positions, the edes of the base plate of the respective applicator. The latches which are not to be used for this purpose in respect of a particular base plate are kept in their lowered positions so that surface to surface contact between such base plate and the mounting plate can be achieved.

Abstract: An automatic set-up system is provided for setting up on a pallet work to be machined by a flexible manufacturing system automatic machine tool. The pallet has a support plate and a jig plate which overlies the support plate on which the work is placed. The support plate, the jig plate and the work are sequentially conveyed by a convey unit on a setting table. The relative positions of the support plate and the jig plate, and of the jig plate and the work are usually held constant by the engagement of positioning recesses and positioning pins. Even if the position of the jig plate or the work conveyed by the convey unit deviates from a predetermined position, a float base and a support plate (the float base, the support plate, and the jig plate) are floated by means of air bearing pads. The horizontal movement of these components can be readily controlled, so that positioning pins can be easily fitted in the positioning recesses.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a new and improved X-ray mask ring assembly and apparatus for making same which includes a mask ring, a plurality of kinematic mounts for removably mounting the mask on an alignment cartridge, each of the kinematic mounts including an insert member having a funnel-like shaped seat for receiving a mating ball-like shaped member mounted on the alignment cartridge, and an adhesive for mounting the insert member on the mask ring.

Abstract: An automatic set-up system is provided for setting up on a pallet work to be machined by a flexible manufacturing system automatic machine tool. The pallet has a support plate and a jig plate which overlies the support plate on which the work is placed. The support plate, the jig plate and the work are sequentially conveyed by a convey unit on a setting table. The relative positions of the support plate and the jig plate, and of the jig plate and the work are usually held constant by the engagement of positioning recesses and positioning pins. Even if the position of the jig plate or the work conveyed by the convey unit deviates from a predetermined position, a float base and a support plate (the float base, the support plate, and the jig plate) are floated by means of air bearing pads. The horizontal movement of these components can be readily controlled, so that positioning pins can be easily fitted in the positioning recesses.

Abstract: An automatic set-up system is provided for setting up on a pallet work to be machined by a flexible manufacturing system automatic machine tool. The pallet has a support plate and a jig plate which overlies the support plate on which the work is placed. The support plate, the jig plate and the work are sequentially conveyed by a convey unit on a setting table. The relative positions of the support plate and the jig plate, and of the jig plate and the work are usually held constant by the engagement of positioning recesses and positioning pins. Even if the position of the jig plate or the work conveyed by the convey unit deviates from a predetermined position, a float base and a support plate (the float base, the support plate, and the jig plate) are floated by means of air bearing pads. The horizontal movement of these components can be readily controlled, so that positioning pins can be easily fitted in the positioning recesses.

Abstract: An automatic set-up system is provided for setting up on a pallet work to be machined by a flexible manufacturing system automatic machine tool. The pallet has a support plate and a jig plate which overlies the support plate on which the work is placed. The support plate, the jig plate and the work are sequentially conveyed by a convey unit on a setting table. The relative positions of the support plate and the jig plate, and of the jig plate and the work are usually held constant by the engagement of positioning recesses and positioning pins. Even if the position of the jig plate or the work conveyed by the convey unit deviates from a predetermined position, a float base and a support plate (the float base, the support plate, and the jig plate) are floated by means of air bearing pads. The horizontal movement of these components can be readily controlled, so that positioning pins can be easily fitted in the positioning recesses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a clamping device, especially for clamping work tables, fixtures etc. to a base such as the machine table in a machine tool, comprising a holding means (2) having an enlarged head (4) and clamping means (8) which in the clamping position engage the head (4) of the holding means (2) and a clamping mechanism (7) which in its normal condition acts with its full clamping force against the clamping means but which unloads the clamping means when a disengagement force is applied thereto. In accordance with the invention the clamping means consist of clamping hooks (7) which are pivotable between a clamping position, in which they engage the head (4) of the holding means (2), and a disengagement position, in which they completely disengage the head of the holding means, during simultaneous movement thereof in a direction opposite the clamping direction, and reverse.

Abstract: An automatic set-up system is provided for setting up on a pallet work to be machined by a flexible manufacturing system automatic machine tool. The pallet has a support plate and a jig plate which overlies the support plate on which the work is placed. The support plate, the jig plate and the work are sequentially conveyed by a convey unit on a setting table. The relative positions of the support plate and the jig plate, and of the jig plate and the work are usually held constant by the engagement of positioning recesses and positioning pins. Even if the position of the jig plate or the work conveyed by the convey unit deviates from a predetermined position, a float base and a support plate (the float base, the support plate, and the jig plate) are floated by means of air bearing pads. The horizontal movement of these components can be readily controlled, so that positioning pins can be easily fitted in the positioning recesses.

Abstract: A strap and vane positioning fixture is provided for aligning simultaneously the segments of straps forming a fuel rod grid. The fixture comprises a plate having a plurality of rods extending from it, in rows and columns, positioned for entry into cells of a grid. The rods at the periphery of the plate comprise a first set and have at their upper ends a spade with a single blade, the remaining rods comprising a second set and having at their upper ends a spade with a pair of blades. A method comprising engaging vanes extending from certain straps to align segments of each strap between the slots thereof, and holding the straps in the aligned position.

Abstract: In a device for locating and locking a work holding pallet on a machine tool fixture, the fixture comprises guides for supporting and guiding the sliding movement of the work holding pallet during their engagement, and a mobile central plug for engaging in a cavity in the work holding pallet. The fixture is provided with mobile means for pressing against the work holding pallet in order to move it with rotary motion about the plug, and abutment and stop structure is provided for the work holding pallet in order to arrest that rotation.

Abstract: A welding fixture for use in welding sleeves to a grid includes a plate having a pair of spaced pins with bushings for both locating the grid and positioning a sleeve, and abutment members; and a plurality of sleeve locating positioning pegs. A method of positioning a grid and sleeves for welding sleeves to the grid.

Abstract: The device comprises a generally L-shaped angle plate or base plate bearing a first jaw on the shorter leg of the "L", fixing plates and a slider capable of being shifted along the base plate and bearing a second jaw. The base plate is fixed at three points to fixing plates and is adjustable with respect to the fixing plates by means of vertical adjusting screws mounted in the base plate and acting upon supports movably resting against the fixing plates. Side or lateral adjusting screws acting against a pin attached to one of the fixing plates permit the base plate to effect a limited angular displacement about a ball disposed in the region of the base plate defined by the intersection of the legs of the "L". The device permits an accurate positioning and orientation of a workpiece relative to the wire of a spark erosion machine and to the direction of this wire in its working position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a jig apparatus for use with industrial robots, designed so that in processing work on a multikind and small- and medium-quantity production basis, when work to be automatically welded, soldered, painted or press-worked is changed from one type to another, a jig table for clamping the work can be efficiently removably exchangeably mounted.

Abstract: A removable and replaceable locating pin adapted to locate a workpiece on a tooling fixture for machining thereof. The locating pin includes a locator pin having various illustrated configurations is adapted to cooperate with a workpiece for positioning the workpiece in various directions of restraint. The locating pin is provided with manually actuatable locking means that permits easy adjustment or removal of the specific locator pin as a particular machining operation may require. Flexibility of the set up of the tooling for machining of a workpiece is enhanced.

Abstract: The workpiece supporting and clamping universal device of the invention comprises essentially an outer ring which can be secured to a base plate and into which are inserted a plurality of discs arranged concentrically in one another except for a disc which is eccentric with respect to the others, the discs being each provided with a column so that the columns are thus apt to cover all the points of any given surface by means of relative rotation of the discs.

Abstract: A power translation and rotation apparatus for an air float fixture support system of the type including a table having an upwardly facing upper surface adapted for supporting a workpiece fixture thereon, and a pressurized fluid system for supplying a cushion of pressurized air or other fluid between the surface of the table and the workpiece fixture so as to floatingly support the fixture thereon for virtually friction-free movement. The power translation and rotation apparatus generally comprises a single pin translatably and rotatably mounted within the table and having a portion thereof extending upwardly from the table surface, and motor-gear or hydraulic direct drive arrangements within the table for translating and rotating the pin about respective axes normal to the upper surface of the table. The pin is suitably shaped so that it is keyed to an opening in the lower surface of the fixture thereby causing the fluid supported fixture to be translated and rotated in unison with the pin.

Abstract: In a device for positioning and clamping workpieces in three dimensions which are to be machined and comprising positioning members and clamping members, the improvement wherein the positioning members and clamping members for defining a first plane comprise spherical members each having a flat surface for engaging a workpiece and a spherical seat for each spherical member, each member being capable of limited rotational movement in its seat.

Abstract: A mechanism for quickly and precisely positioning one body relative to another body, which relies upon three support points between the two bodies. At a first point a hemispherical surface is received in an opening having the form of a trihedral pyramid. At a second support point a hemispherical surface is received in an opening having the form of a diahedral prism. At the third support point a rigid sphere held in loose confinement engages a flat surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a workbench apparatus intended to enable, at specialized workshop, the servicing of mechanical apparata in general, in particular Diesel engine injection pumps. The apparatus, which is easily operable by any skilled operator and enables the supported members to be positioned as desired through simple and reliable members and controls, comprises a clamping device carried rotatably by a base and having snap-action positioning members, and connection elements including both insertion members in form of pins insertable into seats of the clamping device, and supporting members fixedly engageable with the pump or the like to be worked on. The seats are partially open laterally and the pins are clamped in the seats by clamping members engaging the pins at the points where the seats are open.

Abstract: A system for safely, efficiently and effectively spacing and holding a removable container of a truck above its chassis to readily facilitate servicing and repair of the container. The system features a plurality of container repair spacer assemblies which separate the container from its chassis. Each container repair spacer assembly has a base with an opening that engagably receives one of chassis' twist locks and a collar which abuts against and supports the container frame. Upright walls connect the base and collar and provide the desired amount of spacing between the container and its chassis. A locking member, such as a twist lock, extends above the collar to interlockingly engage an opening in the frame of the container to detachably secure the container frame to the container repair spacer assembly. Controls, such as a handle operatively connected an upright shaft, are provided to selectively pivot the twist lock from an insertion or removal position to a locking position.

Abstract: A device for facilitating the alignment of heavy workpieces at a machine table or the like, comprising a housing capable of being arranged below the workpiece at the machine table. A pendulum support is arranged in the housing so as to have a limited tilting movement to all sides and equally can be moved between a rest position and support position where it supports the workpiece. The pendulum support is arranged so that it can be selectively raised and lowered. Further, there is provided a mechanically adjustable support which is guided so that it can be raised and lowered. The mechanically adjustable support is guided in the housing between a rest position and a support position where it supports the workpiece instead of the pendulum support.

Abstract: A method of performing an operation on a workpiece comprising the preparatory steps of simultaneously positioning and clamping a workpiece by a bearing surface thereof onto a receiving surface of a clamping body with the aid of complementary positioning devices provided in the bearing surface and receiving surface and which enable the workpiece and the clamping body to be clamped together. The clamping body has, at a predetermined position relative to its positioning devices, reference features which are detectable by measurement techniques. At least one co-ordinate measure of a reference co-ordinate system is definable in the plane of the receiving and is derivable from the positioning devices.

Abstract: A V-block fixture for holding a workpiece during a shaping operation has a frame holder and a complementary frame associated with the holder. The frame has a V-block rigidly secured thereto, and the frame and V-block as a unit may be quickly and easily removably secured to the holder in any one of a large number of differing preselected configurations.

Abstract: A support arrangement to cooperate with a clamp for holding workpieces of irregular shape wherein a horizontal support plate has holes arranged in orthogonal rows and columns. Workpiece support members of various heights have bottom pegs insertable into the holes to support a workpiece so that it can be clamped from above. An embodiment having a specific matrix of round and elongated holes is disclosed. Support members having two pegs and adjustable heights are also disclosed.

Abstract: A support arm is adjustable in length and is affixed to the center of a bottom cross arm to form a T-shaped structure. A pair of clamping devices are affixed to the opposite ends of the bottom cross arm and to the opposite ends of a top cross arm of the same length. The clamping devices in closed position support the cross arms in next-adjacent relation to clamp a rug between them with the rug resting on the support arm. In open position, the clamping devices support the cross arms in spaced parallel relation to position the rug therebetween. A plurality of mounting members are affixed to the bottom cross arm and the support arm.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for gripping and holding a plurality of relatively small flat chips, such as electron microscope grids, by the edges thereof. An elevated support member is provided, the support member having a top surface which defines a table and having an aperture therein. A support flange extends inwardly from the aperture a predetermined distance below the table surface. A gripping assembly is removably mountable in the aperture in the support member. The gripping assembly includes a first gripping member having a periphery corresponding to the contour of the aperture and having a thickness at its periphery which corresponds to the predetermined distance. A second gripping member opposes the first gripping member. At least a portion of the periphery of the second gripping member has a contour that corresponds to the periphery of the first gripping member.

Abstract: A welding jig comprising a multiplicity of members which are right cylinders each stepped intermediately so as to have a major diameter at one end and a minor diameter at the other end, the members being freestanding on their ends of major diameter and so confined in a regular hexagonal array on a base plate that the major diameters determine the triangular pitch of the members.