Abstract: A piece of substrate material is formed under heat and pressure by a roller against a cavity or platen into a shaped substrate sheet having one or more depressions. Two substrate sheets are bonded together to form a substrate wherein the one or more depressions form one or more interior channels. The substrate is coated with a dope in a casting device having a guide portion corresponding to the shape of the substrate sheets and quenched to form a filtering membrane.

Abstract: A machine makes tapered and also uniformly waved bristles for brushes, especially useful for paint brushes, by a method of applying uniform crimping pressure to crimp straight tapered bristles between two crimping gears (20, 30) having mating indentations. The spacing between the crimping gears is freely variable but the force is generally constant. This results in a wave amplitude that is constant over the length of each bristle regardless of the taper. The "floating" constant-force crimping pressure may be provided by weight biasing or electronic control. Tapered wavy filaments brushes employing such filaments and methods of forming such filaments also constitute a part of this disclosure.

Abstract: A cooling device for a false twisting machine having a fixed wall member 16 and movable wall members 18a and 18b which have faced side surfaces between which yarn treatment passageways 19a and 19b are formed. The facing side surfaces are formed with yarn contacting portions 16a1 and 16b1 and 18a-1 and 18b-1, which are spaced along the direction of the running of the yarn in the yarn treatment passageways. The arrangement of the yarn contacting portions are such that contact with the yarn occurs alternately between the fixed wall member 16 and movable wall members 18a and 18b. A sucking duct 14 is opened to the yarn treatment passageways 19a and 19b to generate flows of fluid transverse to the running direction of the yarn in the passageways 19a and 19b.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for crimping and heat setting a filament or a tow of filaments and to provide fine filaments. The apparatus has at least one heating zone with means for heating a filament or a tow of filaments in an inert and/or oxidizing atmosphere. In the heating zone is a pair of horizontally movable mating conveying means having a multiplicity of protrusions for imparting a crimp to said filament or tow.

Abstract: A system for automatically rippling and hackling wig yarns. The system comprises a rippling heater having a pair of wave rollers each having a waveformed surface and a heating coil, a cooler having a cooling belt and a blast unit comprising a blast fan, a blast pipe and a blast diffuser, a hackling device for hackling the wig yarns from the cooler, a pair of tension rollers arranged between the cooler and the hackling device, and a plurality of pulling rollers having different diameters. The hackling device comprises a plurality of hackling units and/or a plurality of hackling conveyors. The hackling unit includes hackle bar driven by a drive unit, the hackle bar having a plate provided with a plurality of erected hackle pins and vertically reciprocating by the rotational force of the drive unit.

Abstract: The device includes a toothed wheel on which pleats of a sheet 10 are preformed, in some cases with the aid of a second toothed wheel 31, and a device for holding by a vacuum; then the preformed pleats are transferred to a pleat gathering wheel 13 either directly or through the medium of a pleat pressing wheel, where they are laid down then fixed to form a pleated sheet 23. The toothed wheels 5 and 31 and the pleat pressing wheel and/or the pleat gathering wheel 13 can be arranged to produce areas with no pleats at regular intervals.

Abstract: An apparatus for crimping and permanently heat setting a fiber or tow without stress or tension, comprising a mechanical crimping means, a conveying means which receives the crimped fiber or tow, and a heating or irradiation zone through which the conveying means and fiber or tow passes.

Abstract: An apparatus for crimping and permanently heat setting a fiber or tow without non-uniform stress or tension, comprising a conveying means having a multiplicity of openings, means for supplying the fiber or tow across the conveying means, means for inserting the fiber or tow into the openings of the conveying means whereby the fiber is retained in a non-linear shape in the openings without stress or tension, and a heating or irradiation zone through which the conveying means and fiber or tow pass.

Abstract: A pleating machine with two engaging pleat forming chain conveyors, one with forming rollers and the other with forming plates both directly mounted on special links in the chains.

Abstract: A stamping apparatus disclosed deforms a filamentary material to provide coupling heads and the like at predetermined intervals along the length of the filament which is to be coiled and attached to stringer tapes for a slide fastener. The apparatus includes a pair of stamping rolls which are rotatable in opposite directions on their own axes simultaneously as they orbit about the axis of a rotor. A ring member rotatably connected to the stamping rolls is driven via the same power source as the rotor but rotates at a slower or faster angular speed than the rotor, the resulting angular speed differential being utilized to effect the rotation of the stamping rolls on their axes.

Abstract: A drawn gear-crimped polyester yarn with latent bulk is provided, the amount and nature of the bulk being such that the yarn has an initial crimp as defined of at least 1.5%, preferably of above 2%, and a mechanical crimp stability as defined of above 0%. The crimped polyester yarn may be produced by heating a drawable polyester yarn having a birefringence in the range 32.times.10.sup.-3 to 125.times.10.sup.-3 inclusive, preferably 35.times.10.sup.-3 to 125.times.10.sup.-3 inclusive, crimping the yarn by guiding it between the intermeshing teeth of a set of toothed wheels such that the yarn is caused to follow a sharply zig-zag path, the toothed wheels being rotated at a sufficient speed such that the yarn is drawn by the tension so imparted to the yarn by the toothed wheels and subsequently forwarding the crimped yarn from the teethed wheels under a controlled tension within the range 0.15 to 0.50 g per decitex inclusive, based on the decitex of the drawn polyester yarn.

Abstract: A process for differentially drawing films and non-woven fiberous webs for increased drapability and strength of webs including at least in part cold drawable polymeric materials or blends thereof including incompatible polymer blends and polymeric matrixes having inorganic fillers draws portions of the web and leaves other portions undrawn. The process involves the subjecting of the web to two or more pairs of meshing toothed rollers to produce a fabric having a pattern of spaced apart undrawn quadrilateral shaped islands bounded fully on each of their four sides by an axially drawn area. Each undrawn island is continguous at each of its four apices to a biaxially drawn area. The preferred tooth form for the rollers is involute or cycloidal. The processed film or web is larger in area than the original, has a lower basis weight, and has greatly enhanced strength, softness, bulk, texture and drapability.

Abstract: A crimp finished yarn wherein a mesh like structure consisting of a large number of thick filaments and a large number of thin filaments intersecting with the large number of thick filaments is formed by opening an elongated thermoplastic synthetic resin film by means of an opener, for example, by causing the film to pass between a pair of vertically disposed card clothing rollers and then this film is made to pass through a tooth-shaped roller forming a crimp applying device and a friction roller at room temperature whereby the molecular arrangement of the surface making slidable contact with the tooth-shaped roller is changed with the friction passing and compression process to form a different layer condition, and at the same time, crimps of saw-tooth condition are produced, whereby a mesh like crimped fiber structure formed by the large number of crimped thick filaments and crimped thin filaments is provided.

Abstract: A plurality of synthetic fibrous textile materials such as polymeric yarns and staple fibers are textured by a procedure which imparts a variety of spaced deformations in a random sequence. The fibrous textile materials are fed between two opposed pressure surfaces, one of which has a raised pattern of closely spaced pyramids while the other is made of a resilient material having a meshing pattern of pyramid shaped depressions. The textile material is maintained at an elevated temperature during its passage between the pressure surfaces and is then cooled to give a permanently textured product.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for advancing continuous glass strand during times the strand is not being collected into a package by a winder. A pair of cooperating rolls having a plurality of helical teeth are rotated to advance the strand therebetween.

Abstract: Drawn but undyed synthetic continuous filament yarn is formed into a prefabric, selected portions of the prefabric are dyed while leaving other selected portions free of any dye, the prefabric is raveled, the resulting partially dyed yarn is formed into a partially dyed prefabric, and this partially dyed prefabric is then substantially completely over-dyed to produce a novel over-dyed fabric.This method produces a novel form of crimped and drawn continuous filament synthetic polymeric yarn, a substantial portion of which is undyed, and the balance of which consists of random, intermittent dyed lengths consisting of at least two different colors (A and B) intermittently and randomly arranged along the length of the yarn.