Abstract: A method of collecting a strand using an air stream dissipater comprises texturizing the strand with an air stream on a first side of the air stream dissipater, directing the texturized strand through the air stream dissipater and collecting the texturized strand in a container on the second side of the air stream dissipater. A system for texturizing a strand comprises a texturizer for texturizing the strand with an air stream, a container to collect and hold the texturized strand and an air stream dissipater provided between the texturizer and the container to dissipate excess air from the air stream and prevent the excess air from entering the container.

Abstract: A method of collecting a strand using an air stream dissipater comprises texturizing the strand with an air stream on a first side of the air stream dissipater, directing the texturized strand through the air stream dissipater and collecting the texturized strand in a container on the second side of the air stream dissipater. A system for texturizing a strand comprises a texturizer for texturizing the strand with an air stream, a container to collect and hold the texturized strand and an air stream dissipater provided between the texturizer and the container to dissipate excess air from the air stream and prevent the excess air from entering the container.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing a filament tow in a stationary can. To this end, the filament tow is conveyed to the can by a conveyance means which includes a pair of driven reels. For deposition into the can, the filament tow is guided in such a way that the feed position of the filament tow in the can constantly changes. To allow the filament tow to be deposited with a high filling density, for deposition into the can the filament tow is guided by two separate oscillating motions of the conveyance means during conveying which are transverse to the conveyance direction. In this manner, undesired reactions on the filament tow are advantageously avoided during deposition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for depositing a filament tow in a stationary can. To this end, the filament tow is conveyed to the can by a conveyance means, and for deposition into the can the filament tow is guided in such a way that the feed position of the filament tow in the can constantly changes. To allow the filament tow to be deposited with a high filling density, for deposition into the can the filament tow is guided according to the invention by oscillating motions of the conveyance means during conveying which are transverse to the conveyance direction. In this manner, undesired reactions on the filament tow are advantageously avoided during deposition.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for continuously manufacturing highly oriented super micro filaments with a diameter of 5 ?m or less from most of thermoplastic polymers stably by a simple and convenient means without requiring any special apparatus of high accuracy and high level, characterized in original filaments supplied from a filament supply means are heated by infrared beams and the heated filaments are drawn by tension provided by their own weight or under an applied tension of 1 MPa or less, and are drawn to 1000 times or more.

Abstract: A method of co-texturizing glass fibers and thermoplastic fibers comprises passing a glass fiber strand through a texturizing gun, simultaneously passing a thermoplastic fiber strand through the texturizing gun with the glass fiber strand and injecting pressurized air into the texturizing gun concurrently with the glass fiber strand and thermoplastic fiber strands. This method produces a co-texturized fiber material comprising between 20-85% by weight glass fiber and 15-80% by weight thermoplastic fiber having an overall density of from about 20 grams/liter to about 200 grams/liter, and preferably from about 20 grams/liter to less than about 30 grams/liter.

Abstract: A self-supporting package of strand is disclosed. The disclosed method of manufacturing a package of strand is directed to the bulk collection of the strand. The disclosed strand collection system includes an attenuator that attenuates filaments from a bushing. The attenuator includes a pair of belts between which the strand is pinched to pull the filaments from the bushing. The attenuator directs the strand to a deflector assembly that slows down and imparts a degree of movement to the strand. The deflector assembly includes primary and secondary deflector surfaces which the strand engages. After the strand deflects off the secondary deflector surface, it is directed into a container assembly. The attenuator and deflector assembly traverse above the container assembly to deposit the strand. The container assembly is periodically vibrated by a vibrating mechanism as it collects strand. The vibrations settle and shift the strand in the container assembly for better strand distribution.

Abstract: There is described a method for the storing of elastan filaments with a titer of at least 2 500 dtex in drums with a filament line length of at least 10 km with the use of a displacing device, in which the filaments are stored meandering in layers, and in which the filaments are inlaid into the drum at a speed of at least eight percent above the production speed of the filaments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for collecting texturized strand are disclosed. The apparatus for collecting texturized strand includes a texturizer for expanding a continuous strand of glass fibers into a wool-like product, a container for collecting the texturized strand, and a device establishing a pressure differential between an interior region of the container and a region external of the container. The texturizer includes a nozzle to which a supply of compressed air and a continuous strand are fed. The compressed air advances the strand of glass fibers through the nozzle and expands the strand so that the filaments are spread apart, thereby giving the strand a wool-type appearance. The pressure differential creating device includes a vacuum apparatus for drawing air and a screen through which the air flows. A container is placed on the screen. In the preferred embodiment, the container is a corrugated box that has upper and lower closures or flaps.

Abstract: A package of polyurethane elastic yarn for heat bonding which weighs more than 1 kg and measures such that the diameter-to-width ratio is greater than 0.5 and which is obtained from polyurethane elastic yarn by giving it 3.0-10.0 wt % of a finishing agent and then winding it up, said finishing agent is polypropylene glycol-based polyol used alone or composed of component (A) which is a polypropylene glycol-based polyol and component (B) which is a reaction product of a polypropylene glycol-based polyol and an organic diisocyanate compound. The finishing agent contains component (B) in an amount less than 30 wt % and have an apparent viscosity of 50-250 mPa·s at 30° C. and a surface tension of 30-45 dyn/cm.

Abstract: An aspirating jet piddler that has no moving parts and operates to achieve a soft laydown with reduced tangling.

Abstract: An aspirating jet piddler that has no moving parts and operates by swirling a textile tow line pneumatically to achieve a soft laydown with reduced tangling.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for uniformly treating strand-like material. The apparatus comprises a coiler head having a coiler diameter d and a conveyor belt having a belt width w, wherein the ratio of the coiler diameter d to the belt width w is from about 1.05:1 to about 1.40:1. The method comprises treating the strand-like material in such apparatus.

Abstract: In the canning of tow produced by a synthetic textile filament extrusion line, a pair of deflecting rolls having radially projecting spokes are positioned immediately above the tow-receiving can for travel of the tow between the rolls to impose a folding or plaiting of the tow as it is deposited into the can, thereby reducing the linear velocity of the tow to mitigate potential entanglement of the tow within the can. The production output and operational speed of the filament extrusion process may thus be optimized without being limited by the downstream canning operation.

Abstract: A distributing mechanism for depositing wet processed fabric in rope-form in a container. A tubular distributing guide is mounted for pivoting movement on a distributing ring rotatable about a vertical axis. Ribbed support rollers on the distributing ring are received in annular grooves in a concentric support ring, such that the distributing ring is mounted by the support ring, but is rotatable with respect thereto. The support ring itself is supported for rotation about a vertical axis. Both rings are driven by a common external drive motor, but at slightly different rotational speeds. A circular cam track, formed in the supporting ring, cooperates with a cam follower wheel carried by the distributing guide.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for forming coils of yarn and for heat setting the yarn. The apparatus has a coiler adapted to receive yarn from a yarn source and to form the yarn into a plurality of overlapping loops of a desired size. The coiler preferably includes a supporting frame, a pair of feed rolls mounted on the supporting frame and adapted for feeding yarn from a yarn source, and a rotatable coiler tube positioned downstream from and cooperating with the feed rolls. The coiler also includes a first variable speed drive connected to the pair of feed rolls and adapted for rotating the same at a predetermined speed and a second variable speed drive connected to the coiler tube and adapted for rotating the same at a speed to thereby form loops of yarn of a desired size. The apparatus further has a conveyor positioned below the rotatable coiler tube for receiving overlapping loops of yarn thereon.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for forming coils of yarn and for heat setting the yarn. The apparatus has a coiler adapted to receive yarn from a yarn source ant to form the yarn into a plurality of loops of a desired size. The coiler preferably includes a supporting frame, a pair of feed rolls mounted on the supporting frame and adapted for feeding yarn from the yarn source, and a rotatable coiler tube positioned downstream from the feed rolls. An air blowing device is positioned between the feed rolls and the coiler tube for facilitating the advance of the yarn into and through the coiler tube. A first variable speed drive is connected to the pair of feed rolls and a second variable speed drive is connected to the coiler tube for rotating the coiler tube at a selected speed to thereby form loops of yarn of a desired size.

Abstract: Apparatus with endless screws for forming flat loops of textile yarn.The invention relates to an apparatus having endless screws for forming flat loops of yarn and depositing them on a conveyor belt.The apparatus comprises two endless screws (10 and 11) with parallel axes which are rotatingly driven in opposite directions, two support and guide members (12 and 13) disposed laterally with respect to the screws and two deviating rods (26, 27) equidistant from these screws. These members and these rods serve to carry the loops of yarn, to bring them forward to the vicinity of a conveyor belt (24) and to deposit them on its surface after having previously turned them over.This device is useful to allow the loops of yarn to be immediately turned over without necessitating an intermediate belt to turn them over.

Abstract: A layered yarn package is formed of continuous filament yarn wads wherein the yarn alternates between compacted and extended lengths by axially compacting the yarn into a length, segmenting the length into alternating extended and compacted lengths, then arranging the compacted lengths in a common axial direction one next to the other to form a layer. The segmenting is accomplished by jetting pressurized fluid onto the continuous filament yarn wads in a programmed manner.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing web for a composite structure. A continuous strand is deposited in a bed of pins according to a desired pattern such as overlapped rows of shingled loops.

Abstract: A layered yarn package is formed of continuous filament yarn wads wherein the yarn alternates between compacted and extended lengths by axially compacting the yarn into a length, segmenting the length into alternating extended and compacted lengths then arranging the compacted lengths in a common axial direction one next to the other to form a layer. The layer may be compressed. One or more layers may form the package.

Abstract: A device which automatically distributes new sliver to spinning machines. The device includes movable units which run in a track along parallel banks of spinning machines stopping at the machines which need to be refilled. Generally, these units transport full cans of sliver from a storage facility to the specific empty spinning machine where the units feed the silver into the spinning machine by placing the end of the sliver into a feed conduit. The units then transport the empty can to a facility where it can be refilled.

Abstract: A yarn withdrawal apparatus and method is disclosed for temporarily withdrawing a freshly spun and continuously advancing yarn to a waste container when the spinning operation is interrupted, and for thereafter threading the yarn onto the feed godet or winder of the spinning machine. The apparatus comprises a yarn advancing means in the form of a rotating tapered roll, which is adapted to have the yarn looped thereabout. The tapered roll comprises a yarn inlet portion and a yarn exit portion, with the inlet portion being designed to initially contact the advancing yarn. The cone angle of the inlet portion is predetermined so as to cause the yarn to initially engage the rotating roll without lateral slippage and thereby permit the rotating roll to exert a strong tension on the yarn. The yarn subsequently slips laterally along the yarn inlet portion of the roll and toward the yarn exit portion, and it is then tangentially withdrawn from the roll.

Abstract: A yarn withdrawal apparatus is disclosed for temporarily withdrawing a freshly spun and continuously advancing yarn to a waste container when the spinning operation is interrupted, and for thereafter threading the yarn onto the feed godet or winder of the spinning machine. The apparatus comprises a yarn advancing means in the form of a rotating roll, a yarn delivery tube including a yarn outlet opening, a yarn suction tube including a yarn inlet opening, and with the yarn delivery tube and yarn suction tube being mounted so as to permit relative rotation thereof about the axis of the roll and between a yarn catching position wherein the outlet opening and inlet opening are aligned, and a drawing-off position. Thus the relative rotation causes a yarn passing from the delivery tube to the suction tube to be at least partially looped about the rotating roll.

Abstract: A layered yarn package is formed of continuous filament yarn wads wherein the yarn alternates between compacted and extended lengths by axially compacting the yarn into a length, segmenting the length into alternating extended and compacted lengths then arranging the compacted lengths in a common axial direction one next to the other to form a layer. The layer may be compressed. One or more layers may form the package.

Abstract: A yarn withdrawal apparatus is disclosed for temporarily withdrawing a freshly spun and continuously advancing yarn to a waste container when the spinning operation is interrupted, and for thereafter threading the yarn onto the feed godet or winder of the spinning machine. The apparatus includes a yarn advancing means in the form of one or more rolls and which is adapted to have the yarn looped thereabout. Drive means is provided for rotating the roll or rolls of the advancing means, and a suction means is provided for withdrawing the yarn from the advancing means. In one embodiment, the yarn is initially drawn into the suction means, and then looped about the rotating roll of rolls which serve to frictionally engage the yarn and apply a high yarn tension, and so that the yarn is then in condition to be threaded onto the feed godet of the spinning machine.

Abstract: A fixed base plate provided with a circular recess accommodates a rotating disk. Mounted above the base plate and the rotating disk, is an endless band conveyor swivellable about the axis of the roller in the area of the edge of the base plate. The rotating disk is fitted with a channel through which the yarn is guided from below into the space between the disk and the lower run of the band conveyor in which loops are formed and moved toward the edge of the base plate. Arranged at the edge of the base plate, below the conveyor, is a belt, receiving the loops. The drives of the band conveyor and the belt conveyor form a single unit.

Abstract: Advancing yarn is directed onto a larger diameter portion of a tapered yarn winding roll having a smaller diameter free end. The yarn is formed into windings that extend about the roll and that are continuously displaced along its length toward and, in most embodiments also from, its free end. The displacement of the yarn windings may be assisted by air currents and/or the force of gravity. The tension of the advancing yarn may be controlled by varying the axial location of its initial engagement with the roll. The apparatus may consist either of a single yarn withdrawal unit or of multiple interconnected units.

Abstract: An apparatus accumulating a filiform element in order to absorb differences in input and output travel speeds of the element, without tangling and damaging the element. Mechanical means located above an accumulation container draw the filiform element at the input speed and wind the filiform element in layers of coils stacked on the bottom of the container following an epicycloid or hypocycloid path. Two stationary concentric rings, respectively, attached to and suspended above the bottom of the container, guide the filiform element unwound at the output speed through the bottom of the container to the outside. The apparatus is particularly designed for a very fine and fragile filiform element such as an optical fiber, and is inserted between a multifibering machine and a cabling line.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production of three-dimensional thread packages. Vertical rods (11) are maintained in a stationary arranged network by engagement through perforated plates (12,13). A thread (10) is deposited from above this network by a shuttle (9) in a sinuous path between upper end portions of the rods (11). The layers of thread thus formed in succession, supported by the perforated plate (12) which undergoes a descending movement, are compacted by a perforated plate (7) which is lowered upon the finishing of each layer. A lacing arrangement (35) replaces the rods (11) by threads after the thread laying phase.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production of three-dimensional thread packages. Vertical rods (11) are maintained in a stationary arranged network by engagement through perforated plates (12,13). A thread (10) is deposited from above this network by a shuttle (9) in a sinuous path between upper end portions of the rods (11). The layers of thread thus formed in succession, supported by the perforated plate (12) which undergoes a descending movement, are compacted by a perforated plate (7) which is lowered upon the finishing of each layer. A lacing arrangement (35) replaces the rods (11) by threads after the thread layer phase.

Abstract: A rope (21) is packed into a container (31) in such a manner as to permit easy extraction therefrom in that the rope by means of a winding head (25) is coiled with the coil center situated between the center line and periphery of the container (31). For this purpose a rope supply reel (20) is mounted on a supporting device (15) which is rotatable about a fixed vertical shaft (30). The rope (21) is pulled from the reel (20) down into the container (31) by means of the winding head (25) which is connected to the supporting device (15) for rotation with it. The winding head (25) is arranged in the space between the center line and periphery of the container, and means (30, 34-42) are provided to rotate the container (31) about its axis and at the same time axially displace the container so that layer after layer of line coils are placed upon each other.

Abstract: The improvement in a tow delivery apparatus downstream of a crimper of a jet device mounted in the laydown spout of the apparatus in the path of the tow. The jet is operated to tension and forward tow through the spout only during startup of the crimper when operating speed is reached at startup the jet is inactivated.

Abstract: An apparatus as disclosed for controlling the distribution of fibers in a fiber felt forming process, which comprises a guide duct through which a gas current with felt fibers entrained is directed. The gas passes through a perforated conveyor, which retains the fibers.The duct is caused to oscillate by a connecting rod affixed to the guide duct and a rotary element by universal joints at either end, connection being effected by cardans, by which the rotary element entrains the connecting rod in its rotary movement. By moving the axis of rotation of the rotary element away from the center of the guide duct/connecting rod joint, an oscillating movement is imparted to the guide duct. The entire apparatus, including a motor for inducing rotary movement may be caused to undergo translational movement by a pair of opposed hydraulic jacks, the operation of which may alter the median direction of the movement of the oscillating guide duct.

Abstract: A machine for producing yarn loops comprises a rotary winding flyer or member having a discharge end through which the yarn emerges. A winding means for collecting the yarn loops is provided and transfers the loops to a conveyor. In order to secure the end of the yarn as it emerges from the discharge end upon start up of the machine a pair of rings are provided which can be moved relative to each other by a powered device. The rings define complementary surfaces between which the end of the yarn is passed prior to the rings being moved into engagement with each other to secure the end of the yarn. The rings are moved apart after at least one yarn loop has been produced.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous production and laying down of yarn loops, in which the yarn loops are introduced onto a lap body by a revolving lap flyer and are transferred from the lap body onto a belt conveyor. To ensure yarn is laid down onto the belt conveyor without stretching, so that it can be drawn off again from above from the conveyor without obstruction, the lap body is a rotationally symmetrical body rotating about its axis of symmetry, the axis of rotation of the lap body extends transversely both to the axis of rotation of the lap flyer and to the running direction of the belt conveyor, and the lap body is driven so that its direction of rotation where it faces the belt conveyor is the same as the running direction of the conveyor.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing a moving fiber strand as folded loops into a storage means includes means for taking off a strand arriving at high speed from a delivery means, an intermediate depositing means for decelerating the strand and for releasing the strand in a folded condition so that the strand will deposit by free fall into a storage means. In the intermediate depositing means, the strand is deflected into a zigzag position to form a plurality of folded loops by guide elements provided in the depositing means. These guide elements are arranged so that the size of the loops constantly are increased during the movement of the strand through the depositing means so that unnecessary tension on the strand is reduced or avoided. Additionally, a conveyor drum is provided beneath the intermediate depositing means for further decelerating the fall of the folded loops into the storage means, e.g., a can or like container.

Abstract: The connecting duct which directs the flock-laden air stream into the chute is provided with a restriction as well as with a ring duct for directing air impulses into the duct via openings on opposite sides of the duct. The restriction causes the air stream to accelerate and, since the air flow is closer to one opening, rather than the other, a reduced pressure is created on that side. This, in turn, causes a pulse of air to travel from one end of the ring duct to the other. The air pulse continues into the connecting duct to deflect the flock-laden air stream towards the other opening. This sequence then continues in rapid fashion to allow an even deposit of the flock in the chute.

Abstract: A length of filament, such as wire or optical fiber, is loosely coiled on a flat carrier, in the form of a figure of eight coil, the lobes of which are laid respectively in clockwise and anticlockwise directions, by feeding the filament downwards through a gimbal mounted guide member attached to reciprocating means whereby the guide member is oscillated about two horizontal axes at right angles, corresponding to the transverse and longitudinal axes of the figure of eight coil produced. The guide member preferably incorporates a compressed air injection gun, to assist in maintaining the downward travel of the filament at a desired constant speed, the relationship between the filament travel speed and the oscillation frequencies being controlled to produce a figure of eight coil of a desired size.

Abstract: A method of taking up a bundle of filaments is disclosed wherein the bundle of filaments is ejected together with a compressed fluid toward a container and coils of the bundle of filaments are formed when the bundle of filaments is received in the container. Before arriving at the container, the above-mentioned compressed fluid is deviated from a passage of the bundle of filaments having a spiral shape. The apparatus for effectively carrying out this method comprises a rotary member rotating around the central line of the upstream portion of a guide passage for feeding the bundle of filaments toward the container and means, which ejects the bundle of filaments being conveyed into the rotary member in the above-mentioned upstream portion by means of a compressed fluid. The rotary member has a guide passage that expands gradually toward the outlet end of the guide passage.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for laying down continuous material 15, for example filament tows, which runs on a determined level, from which level it is given a meander form by means of a turning wheel 1, the periphery of which is provided with reversing elements 2.Forming of meanders from the continuous material 15 is performed by means of one single wheel 1. Catching devices 5 are provided between the reversing elements 2 which, from the outside of the plane of running continuous material 15, slue into this plane and by this inward motion form meanders of the running continuous material 15, and subsequently slue back from the plane of the continuous material 15 to their initial position, thus releasing the meanders of continuous material 15 formed for being laid down. The catching devices 5 can be arranged on forks 4 which slide in guide grooves 3 in the wheel 1, and the forks 4 can be driven by slide rods 10, whose motion cycle is determined by a cam disk 13.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing yarn in the form of free-falling helical windings reshaped into an elongated, closed curve configuration and laid into a spinning can with a traversing movement so that one end of the closed curve remains on the inner wall of the cam while the other end is moved back and forth in an annular zone between the inner wall of the can and its center. The resulting yarn deposit is very uniform over the can cross section and the collected yarn has improved run-off properties.

Abstract: Device for connection to the outlet end of a gas jet tow puddler for puddling filamentary tow into a container, the device having a downwardly sloped gas-impervious plate positioned downstream from the gaseous jet outlet and against which filamentary tow impinges, becomes slowed and then cascades downwardly therealong; and a gas-impervious cylindrical shell opposed to and spaced from the exit end of the downwardly sloped plate and against which the filamentary tow travels from the downwardly sloped plate for subsequent slowing and movement therealong and then dropping from the cylindrical shell into the container below.

Abstract: A device for depositing a cable into a receiving container or can, comprises, a rotary distributor including a rotatable cable distributing tube extending obliquely downwardly in the distributor which has an inlet into which the cable is directed adjacent the center of rotation and a cable discharge adjacent its bottom disposed at a location spaced radially outwardly of the cable inlet. The cable receiver has a side with a curved periphery which is located adjacent the tube in a position to receive cable which issues out of the outlet of the tube and engages around the surface of the receiver. The receiver is mounted for rotation relative to the distributor so that there is a driving rotation of one relative to the other to effect the deposit of the coils of the cable around the cable receiver. The receiver can is disposed below the receiver to push the coils of cable as they are deposited on the receiver downwardly along the surface of the receiver and then off of the surface into the can.

Abstract: A wet treatment machine, notably for dyeing or bleaching of fabrics in rope form, is equipped with a dyeing system and includes means for circulating, storage and folding, and fabric unloading means.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for dispersing a plurality of filaments, moving at high velocity, without substantial fiber aggregation, for subsequent uniform deposition on a web-forming surface, by the use of opposed Coanda nozzles. The Coanda nozzles are operated under nonsteady-state conditions whereby a substantially nonsymmetrical filament pattern is created between the opposed Coanda surfaces.

Abstract: A device for laying down a continuous material with the aid of a pair of profiled rolls, consisting of two wheels, the peripheries of which are provided with teeth and which form an engagement zone, is provided. The width of the teeth in the engagement zone in the direction of the center point of the wheel remains at the most the same and should increase by no means.

Abstract: An apparatus for laying down a fibrous strand in an ordered configuration comprises means for supplying a fibrous strand, means for forwarding the strand, means to impart an oscillatory motion to the forwarding strand and a moveable collecting surface whereon the strand is laid, the improvement being that the apparatus includes two closely spaced shaped plates which extend between the oscillating means and the collecting surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for making a fiber bed element made up of a roving of fibers axially packed in the annulus formed by a pair of concentric screens, wherein structure is provided for holding and rotating the screens in a concentric positioning on the lowermost of a pair of vertically aligned platforms. A roving of staple fibers is fed into the annulus through a tube supported by the upper platform and a packing mechanism mounted on the upper platform packs the roving as it is fed into the annulus. The lower platform is moved downward as the roving is fed into the annulus, in order to maintain a uniform packing force.Downward movement of the lower platform is controlled by a control system which senses packing force and moves the lower platform downward in response to this packing force to maintain a uniform packing density.

Abstract: Devices and processes for feeding freshly spun and/or stretched filaments, which are delivered to the devices at more than 1000 meters/min., in helices to a receptacle, said devices embodying a rotating member with curvate passage extending from its upper inlet, which lies in the axis of rotation, to its outlet opening at a radial and axial spacing from the inlet, the axis of the outlet opening facing opposite to the direction of orbit thereof and the tangent of the passage's radially outer wall surface contiguous to said outlet opening forming an angle between 30.degree. and 80.degree. with reference to the radius, drawn through the outlet opening, of the circle of rotation of the outlet opening.