Abstract: Ski upper- and lower-surface constituting materials are set in position in a mold provided with a space appropriate for the dimensional distribution of the padding for the ski. The ski upper-surface constituting material is arranged so that a resin sheet of ABS resin, etc. constitutes the outer surface of ski. The inner upper surface of the upper mold piece is formed in a curved surface having, for example, grooves. A foamy resin is injected to fill the space between the ski upper and lower constituting materials. The foaming pressure raised by the foamy resin will press the resin sheet against the inner upper surface of the upper mold piece with resulting deformation of the resin sheet. Thus one may obtain a ski which is provided on its upper surface with projections.

Abstract: In a downhill snow ski there is provided at least one torsional reinforcing layer intermediate to the top and the bottom running surface and generally parallel thereto formed from fibers of high elastic modulus which are randomly oriented in a matrix material to increase the torsional stiffness of the ski.

Abstract: The ski comprises a central core covered by a metal blade. Bearing layers are arranged above and below the core and the blade covering it. Edges are provided laterally adjacent to a sole, with portions extending above the sole. Two side elements are arranged on either side of the core and the bearing elements and above the edges. The side elements are constituted by laminates comprising a reinforcing blade, e.g. of aluminum or aluminum alloy, whose upper end appears at the upper face of the ski and acts as an upper edge.

Abstract: This method of manufacturing laminated skis by the so-called wet process consists in incorporating at least one metal blade or a sheet of high-strength fibres among the strata, the width of the blade or sheet being inferior to that of the ski, and the width of its ends decreases gradually to a point in the transitional area between the heel and body and also in the transitional area between the body and the tip of the ski.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a composite ski, particularly a laminated ski. The constituent parts of the ski are placed into an evacuable mold, which during or after its evacuation is supplied with a binder, which is preferably liquid and fills the pores of the constituent parts and the cavities between the constituent parts.

Abstract: The ski has a width which substantially doubles that of a ski for downhill or excursion skiing, and is comprised between 12 and 15 centimeters, and its length is five to seven times its width. The ski comprises a cambered portion forming a concave bottom surface and separated from the spatula by a substantially planar portion. The rear part of the cambered portion is planar and goes down under the plane defined by the planar portion. A removable retainer plate is inserted under the sole of the ski and comprises retainer clips enabling to ski uphill.

Abstract: A lightweight construction core having a cellular structure, whereby the cells are enclosed by walls formed from impregnated paper-like material. The core has the form of a plate with cavities or spaces provided therein and is inserted into a component in such a way that the loading of the component acts as pressure upon the edges of the walls. When the lightweight construction core is used as a support core for a ski, more particularly for a long-distance ski, the core is covered by a covering layer on its sliding surface and on its upper surface. These covering layers may be adhered to lateral edges of the ski. The cells are formed by sandwiching or layering corrugated strips with support layers disposed therebetween, said support layers also being formed from layers to which the corrugated strips are adhered.

Abstract: An alpine ski with flexible impact absorbing edges and elastomeric sidewalls is provided to enable the bottom edges to follow the contour of the ground by moving therealong and absorbing the unevenness of the ground.

Abstract: A running surface coating for a ski, particularly for a cross country ski, comprising a running surface coating segment located in the middle region of the ski having a larger friction coefficient than the remaining running surface coating, this coating segment being formed from a coating mixture of a polyethylene and an elastomer. The coating mixture comprises a polyethylene, from 20 to 80 wt. %, preferably from 50 to 75 wt. %, and an elastomer, accordingly, from 80 to 20 wt. %, preferably from 50 to 25 wt. %. The coating segment may be enlarged to include the entire running surface coating.

Abstract: A pre-shaped aluminum plate is held against the flat end wall of an inverted mold cavity by vacuum pressure communicated through bore holes in the wall leading to a vacuum chamber in the mold body. A high temperature PTFE gasket shaped to match the plate fits in an annular recess in the wall to provide a seal between the wall and plate. Polyurethane foam expands and hardens in the mold cavity to further press the plate against the wall and to form a foamed plastic water ski having a flush aluminum deck. The mold cavity has a curved side wall to produce a ski having a radiused edge about the deck.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a ski, particularly a laminated ski, which is composed of a plurality of components, and a ski manufactured by that process. In the process, the components of the ski are placed into a mold, which is adapted to be evacuated, and the mold is subsequently evacuated. A liquid binder, such as a liquid resin, is supplied to the mold during or after its evacuation. Air is sucked from the mold at one end of the longitudinal extent of the ski. The liquid binder is supplied to the mold at the other end of the longitudinal extent of the ski. In the finished ski a strip of solidified binder extends in at least one vertical or horizontal longitudinal plane of the ski, preferably in a central longitudinal plane of the ski, over at least part of the length and preferably over at least one half of the length of the ski.

Abstract: Flexible vibration damping units, and vibratile products including flexible vibration damping units as components thereof, are provided wherein, in the vibration damping unit, at least one laminar group of flexible strip portions of a flexible framework is included having flexible longitudinally free-ended strip portions in the group firmly secured in the framework to one of the flexible strip portions in the group so as to have the strip portions in the group flex, and relatively move longitudinally with reference to one another, when the framework is flexed, this with the vibration damping unit further being characterized by including visco-elastic means, preferably of a visco-elastic adhesive kind, between the interfacially opposed flexible strip portions in the laminar group and engaging the flexible strip portions in that group so as to damp the longitudinal relative movements of the flexible strip portions in the group when the framework is flexed.

Abstract: A running surface or coating material, or coating for a ski, for variable snow conditions, in particular for use in cross-country or long distance skiing, is mounted in the central region of the running surface of the ski as an ascending aid. The coating consists of a soft elastically behaving substance and a harder particle component. Part of the harder particles are so disposed that they project from the bottom surface of the ski. This is accomplished by grinding the surface of the ski bottom coating plate means to be the bottom surface, in such manner that a hairy cover is produced on the ground surface. The projecting particles of the hairy cover are affixed by their roots in the elastically behaving substance.

Abstract: In an alpine snow ski having a fiberglass sandwich construction there is provided at least one high strength fiber reinforcing rod positioned generally horizontally within the ski's cross-section extending forwardly from the binding area to the shovel contact point and rearwardly from the binding area to the tail contact point externally of the compression carrying laminate to increase the flexural response and compressive structural strength of the ski.

Abstract: In a downhill snow ski there are provided reinforcement rib members which are positioned generally perpendicularly to the top surface and the bottom running surface of the ski and are formed from a material of relatively high modulus with respect to the modulus of the core material formed from wood and foam to impart an increased rate of return and a controllably designed natural frequency to the ski.

Abstract: A composite useful as a ski sole comprising polyethylene particles in a polyethylene film, the former having a greater hardness or higher melt index than the latter, which is capable of renewably forming fibrils extending from a surface thereof under the abrasion characteristic of skiing conditions. The particles may have been treated with a material which is incompatible with or reduces the adhesion to the film-forming polyethylene.

Abstract: A ski, particularly a cross-country ski, with a subdivided lower bearing sheet, with the individual sheet members of said lower bearing sheet extending in the longitudinal direction of the ski being overlapped and an elastic layer of elastic-viscous material being arranged in the overlapping portion of said sheet members between said overlapping sheet members.

Abstract: A composite structural member for ski construction comprises at least two wooden layers and a reinforcing resin impregnated fiber layer adhesively bonded to and sandwiched between the wooden layers characterized in that the wooden layers are provided with raised bars which are meshed each other at their opposite sides.

Abstract: A multilayer ski with a sandwich type construction includes a core, a cover layer on one side of the core, a running base layer on the other side of the core and at least one web positioned between the core and one of the cover layer and the running layer. One of the web or the core is divided across the width of the ski into a plurality of parts with each part having a different shear modulus. Longitudinally extending parts of the ski on opposite sides of an imaginary plane extending perpendicularly to the running base layer in the long direction of the ski and positioned at least close to the central longitudinal axis of the ski, have different torsional strengths.

Abstract: The outside surfaces of a ski are made by treating a fibrous material with a compound based on phenolic resin and containing 60 to 80 mass percent of dry matter, said phenolic resin being curable at 100.degree. to 120.degree. C., whereupon the thus-treated fibrous material is allowed to stand at 70.degree. to 90.degree. C. for a period of time long enough for said phenolic resin to partially polycondense, whereupon said material is applied to the ski blank and the resultant intermediate product is exposed to the effect of a temperature ranging within 100.degree. and 120.degree. C. and a pressure ranging within 0.5 and 2.0 MPa for complete polycondensation of said phenolic resin to occur and for said fibrous material to firmly adhere to the ski blank at the same time.

Abstract: In a downhill snow ski there are provided reinforcement rib members which are positioned generally perpendicularly to the top surface and the bottom running surface of the ski and are formed from a material of relatively high modulus with respect to the modulus of the core material to impart an increased rate of return and a controllably designed natural frequency to the ski.

Abstract: In a downhill snow ski there are provided reinforcement rib members which are positioned generally perpendicularly to the top surface and the bottom running surface of the ski and are formed from a material of relatively high modulus with respect to the modulus of the core material to impart an increased rate of return and a controllably designed natural frequency to the ski.

Abstract: A ski base coating including an embossed push-off aid which consists of a plurality of steps having steep gradient push-off flanks (1', 1", 3) in push-off direction and flat angle ramps in gliding direction. The upper side of the steps is formed of a continuous honeycomb arrangement of equilateral or biaxially symmetric hexagonal fields (2', 2"). For improved push-off effect the fields (2', 2") are so arranged that one of the hexagon sides (1', 1") each extends transversely of the push-off direction, that this hexagon side (1', 1") is designed as push-off edge, and that the hexagon faces form the flat angle step ramps. (FIG.

Abstract: A slalom ski includes in the structure of its body a stressed viscoelastic band extending from about the middle of its tread zone forward over a length equaling 15% to 30% that of the ski body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy-absorbing laminate with improved torsion strength, particularly a ski, comprising a rigid core which is covered on at least part of its plane surfaces with a grid structure (2). The grid structure comprises a number of series of parallel elastomer strips (4, 5) which are reinforced with twisted filament bundles (3) running in the longitudinal direction of the strips. The series of strips intersect each other at an angle .alpha. between 10.degree. and 120.degree. and are bonded to one another in the common contact areas (6).

Abstract: A structural fabric of high torsion resistance and stiffness is provided. The fabric is a three-layered double biased fabric, the first layer being comprised of parallel structural fibers biased from the longitudinal center line of the fabric, the middle layer being comprised of parallel structural fibers of twice the weight of the fibers of the first layer and aligned at an angle of 90.degree. to those of the first layer and a third layer of parallel structural fibers of the same weight as those of the first layer and aligned at 90.degree. to those of the second layer. The fibers and layers may be held in place and affixed by use of secondary knitted or sewn yarns or threads, and the entire fabric may be saturated with a curable resin.

Abstract: A ski of laminated material which comprises at least one core layer of rigid material wherein at least a portion of at least one of its plane sides is covered with a rubberlike material having a loss tangent of about 0.1 and in which material twisted filament bundles are embedded, the filaments having a tensile strength of at least 2000 N/mm.sup.2 and a modulus of elasticity of at least 7.times.10.sup.4 N/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: A transparent, flexible, scratch resistant covering (12) is adhesively affixed to the top surface of a snow ski (10). The covering protects the top surface of the ski against scratching during use. The covering is preferably a sheet of plasticized ionomer resin.

Abstract: A ski which is provided internally with vibration-damping elements. According to the invention, at least two vibration-damping elements in the form of bands or strips of constrained visco-elastic material extend longitudinally within the ski and are spaced apart therein. The bands have lengths of 10 to 20% of the total length of the ski and a spacing which can also be equal to 10 to 20% of the total length of the ski. When the ski is a tour ski, e.g. for alpine touring or cross-country, three such bands may be provided, one at the spoon or point of the ski, one in the region of the binding and one at the heel of the ski. When the ski is for downhill or slalom skiing, two such bands are provided, one at the spoon or point and the other at the binding region.

Abstract: A water ski formed of molded upper and lower shells made of sheet molding compound which have mating and overlapping flanges around the entire perimeter of the shells which are bonded together to form a buoyancy chamber. In one embodiment, the chamber is filled with polymerized foam and in another embodiment longitudinally extending ribs are formed to maintain the upper and lower surfaces of the shells in spaced relationship to each other.

Abstract: A ski with a ski body comprising a core, an upper and a lower reinforcing face, wherein at least one of the reinforcing faces comprises a profiled metal sheet having a U-shaped recess between lateral legs, the back of said recess being directed toward the core, and wherein strips of elastic-viscous material are arranged between the lateral legs of the profiled metal sheet and the core.

Abstract: A ski is constructed of a top plate separated from a bottom plate by a core made of a material elastic in shear. Each of the top plate and bottom plate is formed of at least two layers, one above the other, with one layer having a higher coefficient of linear expansion than the other. The thicknesses and positional sequence of the layers are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the ski. The thicknesses of the layers varies considerably between the top and bottom plates.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement embodied within the construction of a ski. A conductor plate is provided inside the ski and has at least one threaded opening therein for threadedly receiving a screw which facilitates a fastening of a base plate for a ski binding member to the upper surface of the ski. The screw is threadedly received in the opening and the base plate of the ski binding member is clamped between the head of the screw and the upper surface of the ski. The screw is electrically insulated from the base plate of the ski binding member but does provide a metal-to-metal contact with the conductor plate. The base plate of the ski binding member and the conductor plate are electrically conductive so that these two plates can function as components of an electrical circuit embodied within the ski.

Abstract: A skateboard structure is provided which is formed of a top piece and a bottom piece, the pieces being formed of appropriate injection molded plastic material, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, "Plexiglass", or other plastic material which is susceptible to injection molding; or aluminum casting or compression molded fiberglass; or any other material which may be molded or cast. The inner surface of each piece is formed with a lattice-work of integral webs, so that when the pieces are fitted together they define a reinforcing honeycomb-like core.

Abstract: A water ski formed of molded upper and lower shells made of sheet molding compound which have mating and overlapping flanges around the entire perimeter of the shells which are bonded together to form a buoyancy chamber. In one embodiment, the chamber is filled with polymerized foam and in another embodiment longitudinally extending ribs are formed to maintain the upper and lower surfaces of the shells in spaced relationship to each other.

Abstract: An improved ski, having an upper surfacing material and a lower surfacing material, the two surfacing materials being separated by, and affixed to, a core material throughout substantially the entire length of the ski, the improvement comprising a continuous belt of fiber-glass reinforced laminate bonded to a polyethylene surface layer, which belt forms both the upper and lower surfacing material and which is bent around the core material so that the polyethylene layer forms the bottom running surface as well as the upper surface, the belt further forming an integral guard around the core material of the rear end of the ski.

Abstract: The core of a ski includes a layer of viscoelastic material positioned at the neutral axis thereof at every point therealong. An upper constraining layer is positioned above the viscoelastic material, and a lower constraining layer is positioned below the viscoelastic material. The core also includes an upper layer of low modulus of elasticity material placed above the upper constraining layer and a lower layer of low modulus of elasticity material placed below the lower constraining layer. A torsion box member constructed of high modulus of elasticity material surrounds the core to serve as the primary load carrying structural member of the ski. A cosmetic top layer is disposed above the box member while a bottom or running surface is disposed below the box member.

Abstract: Ski structure having good vibratory characteristics formed of a composite material including a core of light material for which the maximum allowable shear stress in the longitudinal direction and the maximum allowable vertical compression stress are, respectively, greater than 25 bars and 21 bars, the core being disposed between upper and lower working layers. The upper layer is constituted by a material whose modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal direction is less than 4,700 hbars. The material of the lower layer has a modulus of elasticity greater than 4,700 hbars. The product of the cross-sectional area and modulus of elasticity is between about 140,000 and 400,000 hbars mm.sup.2 for the upper layer, and between about 130,000 and 500,000 hbars mm.sup.2 for the lower layer.

Abstract: A no-wax ski base is formed of a composite material in which relatively harder particles are uniformly distributed in a plastic matrix. The harder particles are angularly oriented with respect to the gliding surface of the ski base to provide a unidirectional friction coefficient that combines good gliding properties in the ski forward direction with good grip properties in the backward or "kick off" direction of the ski. These friction properties are maintained throughout the entire life of the ski base irrespective of wear. The ski base may be manufactured by extruding the plastic composite material through a split nozzle while causing it to flow substantially asymmetrically through the split nozzle to obtain the angular orientation of the harder particles in the plastic matrix.

Abstract: In a construction of a ski having patterns visible on the bottom, the sole board is made up of a transparent polyethylene resin sheet and a thermoplastic synthetic resin composite sheet sandwiched between the polyethylene resin sheet and the main body of the ski, the patterns being formed on the mating surface of the composite sheet with the polyethylene resin sheet. In manufacturing, a composite film having patterns printed thereon is successively combined with a polyethylene resin sheet by pressure fusion at high temperature. Reduced thickness of the sole board with high masking effect, omission of the wet system painting conventionally used for masking layer formation, and employment of the economically advantageous photogravure printing of the patterns can be expected.

Abstract: A method of producing skis of the type comprising a core of a lightweight material, e.g., lightweight wood, where layers of fiber-reinforced plastic, e.g., fiberglass-reinforced polyester, are provided on the top and bottom sides of the finished ski. A sole of a plastic material is glued to the lower fiber reinforced plastic layer. The sides of the core are covered with a protective layer of a plastic material, e.g., a hard polyurethane foam or a thermoplastic, for example, ABS (acrylic butadiene-styrene), which has been molded to the core in a mold. The core is placed near the top layer of fiber-reinforced plastic and at a distance from the lower layer of fiber-reinforced plastic. The space between the lower side of the core and the lower layer is formed and molded at the same time as the side edges are molded on.

Abstract: A composite ski is made by bonding a metal ski top to a molded ski body during the molding and curing of the body. The ski body is placed in the mold cavity of a two-part mold, and the metal top is movably supported on the other mold part. One end of the metal top is held by a spring-biased holding pin which permits the metal top to expand and contract relative to the mold part as the mold is heated and cooled while maintaining the metal top in alignment with the cavity.

Abstract: A ski which has a sandwich structure including upper and lower plastic laminations and a foamed plastic core situated therebetween with dense side portions integral with the upper and lower laminations and forming a shell surrounding the foamed core has in its new finished condition the same condition as when the ski is removed from a mold, so that finishing operations are not required subsequent to removal of the ski from the mold. The mold which is used to manufacture the ski has opposed relatively wide walls and a pair of opposed relatively narrow walls which are permanently fixed to one of the relatively wide walls while the other of the relatively wide walls is movable to and from an operating position closing the mold and cooperating with the relatively narrow walls for this purpose.

Abstract: A process of making a metal-plastic ski by cold gluing on a core of plastic material, upper and lower laminated structures. The laminated structures which form the upper and lower portions of the ski are each previously formed by "Coil-Coating" and have inner surfaces with a thin coating of a material with excellent glue adhesion characteristics. The upper surface of the upper structure is precoated with a thicker layer of plastic material which forms the upper surface of the ski, and the lower surface of the lower structure is precoated with plastic material which forms the sliding bottom surface of the ski.

Abstract: A lightweight flexible, hollow surfboard having top and bottom decks, at least one of which is made from sheet balsa having the grain perpendicular to a broad surface thereof with a coating of synthetic resin laminated to that surface and spacing means between the top and bottom decks. At least one rail sheet spans the decks and extends along the entire periphery of the surfboard to define a closed, hollow interior. A stabilizer extends downwardly from the bottom deck.

Abstract: A ski structure has a top chord, a bottom chord, at least one intermediate chord, and core material between the chords. The core material is so shaped or arranged that the or each intermediate chord is at a constant distance from the top chord at the top portion and remote rear end of the ski, and is at a constant distance from the bottom chord in the middle region of the ski.

Abstract: A cross-country ski having at least one recess in the sliding surface for an interchangeable insert. One surface of the insert is advantageously self-adhesive and the other is preferably provided with a construction to prevent backward-sliding. Between the sliding sole and the lowest layer of the body of the ski an intermediate layer is provided, and the recesses for the insert extend into the intermediate layer whereby the insert is bonded to the intermediate layer.

Abstract: The top surface edges for a ski of plastic material with a foam material core are produced by first placing the structural parts of the ski in position in a mold and thereafter filling the hollow spaces in the closed mold with an expandable synthetic foam material to form the core and set the structural parts of the ski. An auxiliary strip supports the structural parts in the mold and has a flange which extends beyond the side surfaces of the mold. The flange of this auxiliary support strip is extended outwardly a greater distance from the mold side walls and has angled portions which are lodged in a groove in the top edge surface of the mold box to hold the support strip and structural parts of the ski firmly in their proper position during the foam expansion in the mold. The portions of the auxiliary support strip are severed after the ski has been molded.

Abstract: The core structure of a ski board has a heterogeneous internal construction formed of superposed layers of materials having significantly different Young's moduli to impede transmission of impulsive elastic waves therethrough, thereby mitigating direct transfer of impact load imposed on the ski to the skier's feet. Further use of prepreg layers for bonding the superposed layers results in highly internal energy-packed construction making the ski keenly responsive and predictable and thereby giving the skier a smooth, lively "feel", combined with great tolerance.

Abstract: A ski which has a tread and a patterned top covering consisting of a plurality of sheets of plastics material, which are colored throughout in different colors and arranged in succession in the longitudinal direction of the ski and adjoin at mating adjacent edges. Those portions of said sheets of plastics material which define said adjoining edges are held together in pairs by a grid on the underside of the sheets.