Abstract: A ground terminal and a wire harness include a conductor connecting portion to which a linear conductor is connected, a plurality of fastening portions each of which is connected to the conductor connecting portion, is formed into a planar shape, and is capable of being fastened to a grounding surface through a fastening member in a state of facing the grounding surface, and a deformation portion that connects the fastening portions and is deformed more easily than the fastening portions. As a result, the ground terminal and the wire harness provide an effect of being properly fastened to the grounding surface.

Abstract: A substantially cylindrical member having a stepped diameter and a lower portion dimensioned to fit snugly into the lace eyelets of a lace-up shoe (footwear, including a sneaker, e.g.). The upper end includes a circumferential groove which is adapted to receive an elastic member such as a rubber band, O-ring, or the like. The lower may be bifurcated to facilitate insertion into the shoe eyelets. As illustrated, the lower end is double bifurcated at right angles. According to one embodiment, the invention is sold as a kit which includes enough members to fill all of the eyelets of a shoe and enough elastic members to match. According to other embodiments: a pair of shoes are sold with the invention pre-installed; the invention is permanently installed; the cylindrical members and the elastic members are provided in different colors; the tops are adorned with three dimensional decorations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for “Intelligent” control of production processes such as machining, casting, heat treating and welding are disclosed. The key enabler of such control is electro-optical or other suitable sensors, generally non contact, capable of rapidly and accurately acquiring data from parts and tools used to produce them in a production “in-process” environment. Systems are disclosed to control not only the instant operation, but those processes connected therewith, both upstream and downstream. Data bases are generated and knowledge bases are used. Application of the invention can improve quality and productivity, and allow the production of parts which have unusual or individual material characteristics.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filling a shell body with sub-projectiles in a predefined geometric arrangement and in a very short time without creating shifting errors is provided. Prior to filling the shell body, the sub-projectiles may be combined into layers which are as thick as the length of the sub-projectiles and which extend in planes transverse to a longitudinal axis of the shell body. The sub-projectiles take up a position in the layer which corresponds to their geometric arrangement in a hollow chamber of the shell body. During the combination, the outer periphery of the layers may be shaped so that, following insertion of the layer into the hollow chamber, the sub-projectiles may be held there and fixed against relative rotation while maintaining the previously formed geometric arrangement. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the outer periphery of the layers may assume a hexagonal shape where the axes of the cylindrical sub-projectiles are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the shell body.

Abstract: A ballistically deployed restraining net system including a cartridge receivable within a barrel, the cartridge having a base and an opposing open end. There is a restraining net packaged in the cartridge and a set of weights attached to the restraining net and packaged within the cartridge between the base of the cartridge and the restraining net. A deployment charge ejects the restraining net and the set of weights out of the barrel and out of the cartridge and a spreader charge deploys the weights after the net and the set of weight exit the cartridge so that the weights overtake the net in flight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing shells, wherein a belt is attached to the outer surface of the shell by friction welding. The method is particularly favorable for welding bands to thin-walled shells. In the method, prior to the welding process, the shell is hardened and/or tempered for optimizing its properties during use and, after hardening and/or tempering, the shell receives the belt by friction welding, during which the temperature of the shell is kept at a level which does not reduce the qualities of the shell to a substantial degree.

Abstract: A hunting projectile with a hollow point is produced with a only few working steps, and in particular a hollow point construction is formed out only in one working step. For this purpose the whole projectile is made of a metal powder by a powder-metallurgical process and then calibrated and during the powder pressing, the hollow tip construction is brought in so that during the calibration it is deformed to produce a final projectile tip.

Abstract: A dart barrel having a surface coating applied thereto that provides the dart barrel with an increased resistance to wear and an increased coefficient of friction. The surface coating is sprayed onto the dart barrel in a semi-molten form. The dart barrel is then heat processed wherein the dart barrel is heated and the material of the surface coating and material of the dart barrel diffuse into each other bonding the two materials together.

Abstract: An air gun pellet is formed to include providing a pellet member having a conical skirt, to include a pellet head along a pellet axis, with a skirt cavity directed into the skirt and a head cavity directed into the head coaxially aligned along the axis, wherein the skirt is arranged for filling with a solder insert, whereupon subsequently, a bore member is directed coaxially through the pellet member coextensively thereof.

Abstract: A method of welding a soft-iron guide band on a steel projectile body includes the steps of applying a layer of nickel or a nickel alloy to the projectile body and applying a soft-iron wire as the guide band to the layer by electric protective gas welding.

Abstract: A process for making multi-section bomb casings of high strength alloy steel at a reasonable production rate that have the strength and fracture properties of single-piece casings, with the sections being joined using friction welding techniques.

Abstract: A method of assembling a pyrotechnically initiated explosive projectile having coaxially arranged, a nose incendiary, a penetrator core, a high explosive, and an overall jacket. A seal ring is installed between the nose incendiary and the penetrator core to preclude relative movement between the core and the jacket during projectile assembly, acceleration and spin up from prematurely igniting the incendiary charge. The seal ring has a front collar portion which preferably has a diameter greater than that of the inside diameter of the jacket so that the collar scrapes the inside wall of the jacket during insertion to remove incendiary residual so that no incendiary can lodge between the jacket and the penetrator core.

Abstract: A bullet is manufactured by providing a slug of metal having an end face and applying an axial force against the end face of sufficient magnitude to form an axially outwardly opening first cavity. Thereafter a second force is applied against the first cavity to reform the first cavity into a second cavity having a peripheral edge of a generally scalloped configuration and an interior surface defining tears of alternating triangular flat faces set-off by edges converging toward a blind end of the cavity. The end portion is then contoured into a generally convex curvature which constricts the scalloped peripheral edge and transforms the triangular faces into radially inwardly directed ribs and alternating lines of weakness which, upon bullet impact, control radial expansion and axial tearing of petals formed during impact which creates maximum hydraulic shock in the absence of fragmentation which in turn ensures humane killing of game.

Abstract: The structural and gas-light bond between a radome and a fuselage in a missile cna be simultaneously fabricated in an improved methodology which reduces the numbers of fixtures required to be utilized, dramatically reduces the time for cure, simplifies the procedure, reduces the cost of fabrication and increases the yield. The fabrication process is comprised of the steps of applying an HT-424 film adhesive on the vertical flange of an etched surface of a fuselage. The film is spaced apart from the butt surface of the flange. A fillet of EA-934 paste adhesive is laid and formed into the corner of the flange between its vertical surface and the radially extending butt surface. The radome is then assembled onto the flange with all the paste adhesive which is extruded from the flange during assembly being immediately removed with a dampened cloth saturated with isopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a projectile having an interior space in which disposable payloads and/or electronic components are arranged, and which are of a type intended to have an extended lifetime. To protect the interior components from corrosion, the interior space is filled with a protective gas, for example, argon, nitrogen or hydrogen, or a mixture of these gases. The protective gas may be present in the interior space at a greater than atmospheric pressure of, for example, three bar.

Abstract: An attachment platform positioned longitudinally on a rocket motor chamber nd secured with laser welding techniques. Each attachment platform is continuously sealed longitudinally to the rocket motor chamber through the application of laser welding and optical seam tracking. Application of laser welding techniques allows for repair and installation of attachment platforms on rocket motors fully loaded with live propellant.

Abstract: A low cost penetrator projectile is disclosed having a hard metal penetrator core with a generally hollow conical shape. The core is formed from low carbon steel in a series of progressive dies. The formed cores are then carburized and tempered to achieve a final Rockwell hardness of between about C50 and C55.

Abstract: High strength, high precision thin-walled cartridge cases are manufactured from a metal of interest selected from low alloy and carbon steels utilizing an extrusion and heat treating process. The cartridge blanks are extruded to a length greater than that necessary for the finished cartridge case and are provided with one or more peripheral grooves close to the open end of the extruded cartridge blank to prevent warpage during subsequent heat treatment.

Abstract: A method of producing a discarding propelling cage sabot projectile, and to a discarding propelling cage sabot projectile produced according to this method, in which, in a vulcanizing tool including an injection mold, a uniformly thin layer of rubber is applied to the rear gas pressure receiving surface of the sabot so as to secure and seal the individual sabot segments against one another. In such a method, when the liquid sealing material is injected into the injection mold, there exists the danger that, due to the high pressure existing at that time, sealing material may enter, in an uncontrolling manner, into the cylindrical inner annular gap or annulus between the sabot and the projectile body. This may considerably adversely influence the release behavior of the discarding sabot segments and lead to a reduction of hit accuracy.

Abstract: A rifle or handgun bullet having a base and a leading end of ogival shape extending for a portion of its length is divided into a plurality of sections by parting lines extending radially from the central axis and terminating a short distance from the outer wall, whereby the sections are joined by relatively thin webs at their outer edges. The parting lines extend longitudinally from the leading end through at least the ogival portion to as much as 90% of the length of the bullet. Upon impact with a lubricious target the sections separate from one another and from the base, i.e., the portion into which the parting lines do not extend. The bullet is fabricated in a two-stage operation, first forcing a punch longitudinally into a cylindrical slug of malleable metal contained within a die, and then compressing the slug radially inwardly to force essentially all air from the spaces formed by the punch, thereby and forming the ogival leading end.

Abstract: An ammunition round has a plastic molded driving band on a projectile. The driving band is mechanically attached to the projectile by opposing curved hooks bent toward one another and defining a restraining area therebetween. The seating area for the driving band has a plurality of pairs of such hooks circumferentially and longitudinally displaced from one another.

Abstract: The tubular shell comprises: a casing having a fuse-carrying forward portion, a substantially cylindrical intermediate portion formed with an inside undercut delimited by a rear shoulder and a front shoulder, and a tapered rear portion; a base plug received in the rear portion; at least three pre-formed, rigid segments of a cylindrical liner, received in the undercut so that they abut both shoulders, each segment being of a cross-section smaller than the aperture of the casing in its rear portion. The backs of the segments are relieved to provide desired weight and/or other inertial properties. A narrow wedge is used as a final restraining segment.

Abstract: A method of securing a tracer cup 26 and fin segments 32, 33 to armor piercing penetrator 21. The penetrator 21 is fabricated of tungsten, or steel, with fin segments 32, 33 and tracer cup 26 being fabricated of steel. The tracer cup 26 contains a pyrotechnic tracer mix 27. The mounting flange 28 of tracer cup 26 is placed over a second boss 24 projecting rearwardly from a first boss 23 at the aft end of the cylindrical body of penetrator 21. A cylindrical sleeve 30 is press fit over the tracer cup 26 and first boss 23, and pre-fabricated fin segments 32, 33 are positioned on the sleeve 30. The fin segments 32, 33, cylindrical sleeve 30, and mounting flange 28 of tracer cup 26 are laser welded to each other and to the first boss 23 of penetrator 20 in one step.

Abstract: A method of producing a uniform, consistent, and predictable fragmentation grid pattern within a military projectile.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for reducing the spread of hit pattern for a rotationally-stabilized ammunition unit such as a projectile, which is discharged in a ballistic trajectory from an artillery piece towards a target which is to be combated including dynamic balancing of the shell (1) to reduce the effect of the air resistance between different shells, and increase hit probability. The inclination between the main axis of inertia of the shell and the geometric axis of the shell case are measured, whereafter these axes are set in parallel in that an adjustment weight (2) is mounted on one side of the point of gravity of the shell seen in its longitudinal direction. The adjustment weight (2) preferably consists of a disk or washer provided with an eccentric recess (4) for suitable weight and mass eccentricity.

Abstract: Form-locking means and process for joining same to a subcaliber projectile in a peripheral region thereof. The form-locking means consists of a material in the form of a n-phase sintered alloy having a high content of at least one heavy metal, wherein n.gtoreq.2. The material forming the form locking means in the peripheral region of the subcaliber projectile form at least one further alloy phase. The form-locking means includes interlocking lands and grooves, and are joined to the periphery of the subcaliber projectile in the form of a layer of predetermined thickness which can be joined to the projectile surface by means of explosion welding.

Abstract: Up to now exceedingly precise manufacturing tolerances had to be observed in securing or mounting a flare composition or incandescent charge sleeve in a blind borehole in the tail portion of a projectile body to ensure reliable sealing against propellant gases. To prevent this disadvantage a bolt member or plug is inserted into the blind borehole of the projectile body until the face or end surface of this bolt member or plug abuts the bottom region or portion of the blind borehole. The bolt member or plug and the projectile body are rotated relative to one another. Due to friction between the end surface of the bolt member or plug and the bottom portion of the blind borehole sufficient heat is generated at the front end of the bolt member or plug such that material of this front end of the bolt member or plug flows into an annular groove of the blind borehole to form a flange member. This flange member securely anchors the bolt member or plug in the blind borehole.

Abstract: A blank for a sabot having premachined separating lines which are fabricated for the purpose of avoiding cost-intensive machinery by means of extrusion presses and subsequently reduction rolling. A predetermined oversize relative to the finished sabot can be strictly adapted to prevailing requirements by means of a radial gap extending between the separating lines and the peripheral surface.

Abstract: A method of making a long rod penetrator having a rearward vane section which comprises forming the vane section by stamping a plurality of vanes from sheet metal and welding them to the rear portion of the penetrator.

Abstract: A projectile particularly for automatic firearms in high performance machine guns comprises a cylindrical projectile body which has an annular groove around its circumference with rib portions extending radially outwardly of the bottom of the groove which are of radial extent no greater than the outer surface of the projectile body. The groove has end walls which are substantially perpendicular to the exterior surface of the body. A plastic rotating band has its inner periphery anchored in the groove with the rib portions extending to receiving recesses or grooves of the band. The ribs are advantageously radially extending elements which have their outer ends bent in axial directions and they are arranged so that there are portions of the groove of the body on each side thereof. In accordance with the method of manufacturing a projectile body, a form tool is used to effect the recessing of the projectile body or jacket to produce the intermediate ribs which are of substantially rectangular cross section.

Abstract: A primer pocketing method in which the pocket is formed by punching through a centrally unsupported base of a cartridge blank. A funnel-shaped partially flared primer pocket is produced.

Abstract: A device is described with which a gas check can be squarely placed onto the shank of a cast bullet in a bullet sizing apparatus. The device is a gas check seating body with a laterally located slot so as to fit into the apparatus while partially enclosing a push rod below its head while resting on a shelf. The head of the push rod rests on the gas check seating body and supports an ejector rod located in the bore of the swaging die with an upper end so located that a gas check can be conveniently placed thereon. A bullet shank can then be forced into the gas check so it will squarely fit onto the bullet.

Abstract: A munition or round for a firearm comprises a shell casing of synthetic resin material formed internally with a plurality of axially spaced annular ribs which snap into corresponding grooves in the shank of the bullet. The bullet shank is also formed with axially extending grooves to vent the space between the base of the bullet and the bottom of the casing, this space receiving a moist firing charge whose solvent vaporizes through the gaps formed by the axially extending groove.

Abstract: For the attachment of a ballistic hood at a projectile body prior art constructions of projectiles provided a groove in the projectile body. The employment of such groove in the projectile body is undesired for armor-piercing projectiles. By adhesively bonding the ballistic hood to the projectile body there can be avoided the use of such groove. Through the provision of ribs at the inner surface of the ballistic hood which contacts the projectile body there is afforded an exact alignment and centering of the ballistic hood upon the projectile body.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of fabricating kinetic-energy projiles from composite materials in such a manner that the type and degree of local inhomogeneity and anisotropy is controlled for tailoring the mechanical and physical properties of the projectile for different applications. A continuous rod of composite material is fed into a machine having a stationary holder or gripper and a rotatable holder or gripper which grips the rod. An induction heater heats a particular zone of the rod between the holders. Once the rod zone has been heated, the rotatable holder is rotated through a particular predetermined angular twist about the longitudinal axis, thereby applying a torque on the rod which causes the rod to deform in the heated zone. Depending upon the heated zone length, projectile noses in near-final shapes ranging from rather blunt hemispheres to sharp ogives can be formed.

Abstract: An explosive fragmentation device such as a grenade or a mortar bomb has a casing formed from flat sided notched wire formed into a coil. Instead of coiling the wire so that sides of the coiled wire which are adjacent after coiling lie normal to the longitudinal axis of the coil, as in a known form of grenade body, the wire is given additionally a twist about its own longitudinal axis during coiling, so that the adjacent flat faces of adjacent turns are substantially normal to the surface of the finished casing. In this way adjacent turns overlay one another, preferably completely, and the outer surface of the casing can then be smooth. Also, adjacent turns can then be bonded together as by brazing or soldering, which is impractical with coiling "normal to the axis". This means explosive cannot be trapped between adjacent turns to be accidentally detonated, an outer casing is unnecessary, and the casing is stronger.

Abstract: A method of producing plastic-based casings including preformed metal fragments for ordnance articles, such as hand grenades, weapon-launched grenades or the like, by rotational molding in a shell-mold; a pulverulent thermoplastic polymer material, such as polyethylene, and steel fragments or particles are introduced into the cold shell mold, optionally in the form of a pre-compact; the closed mold is rotated slowly, i.e. at a speed where the polymer and metal constituents tend to tumble about the inner mold surface and are not held substantially thereon by centrifugal effects; while continuously rotating the shell mold about two or more axes of rotation, the mold is heated by an externally applied hot fluid such as hot gas.

Abstract: An improved tubular projectile formed from a single piece body member hav a ball valve resiliently held in a closed position therein and a method of manufacture is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a formed member, and a formed member which includes spherical fragments embedded in a metallic matrix is effected through cold pressure rolling. The spheres are arranged in the interspace between a basic support member, which may be a thin-walled inner casing, and an outer casing. Forging of the outer casing causes the material of the support member and the outer casing to be pressed into the spaces between the spheres, densifies the support member and the outer casing, and prestresses the outer casing and spheres, thus allowing the inner casing to be extremely thin-walled. The prestressing of the spheres and outer casing, together with the inner casing imparts a high degree of energy to the casing fragments and to the spheres, affords economies in manufacture and a substantial increase in fragmenting energy at detonation of the formed member.

Abstract: Conventional techniques for fabricating a sabot projectile independently manufacture the projectile and the sabot, and by attachment means these components are secured to one another or held together by a device during molding with a plastic jacket. With the inventive method for producing a sabot projectile and the sabot projectile produced thereby, there is disclosed a method suitable for mass production wherein the sabot, composed of a metal alloy, is directly molded in a first mold, at the projectile body. Holder means are formed which, following the molding operation, retain the sabot at the projectile body. Thereafter, in a second mold, the plastic jacket is molded onto the projectile body and the sabot.

Abstract: An arrowhead for attachment to an arrow shaft including a base for abutting the end of the shaft in which the base includes an opening in its center for receiving a fastener for securing the arrowhead to the shaft end. A plurality of support sides are connected to and extend generally perpendicular from the base and blades extend from the edges of the sides. The sides are generally rectangularly shaped and the blades are generally triangularly shaped. The method of making the arrowhead includes making a hole in a flat metal body having a variety of shapes, cutting a plurality of slits in the body extending from the outer edge of the body towards the center, bending the cut edges outwardly to form a blade at each cut edge, and bending the sides generally perpendicularly to the base for support.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for cold extruding 18% nickel maraging steel to form an article of manufacture, such as a sub projectile blank for the manufacture of cannon rounds which includes performing a series of cold extrusion operations on an extrusion blank with a tapered punch to produce a combination forward extrusion and backward extrusion. On the first cold extrusion operation a tapered hole is formed in the extrusion blank and the extrusion blank is elongated. Subsequent cold extrusion operations progressively elongate both the extrusion blank and the tapered hole. The punch and die geometry are such that the tapered hole is elongated by penetration of the punch into the blank and additionally backward extrusion of the material around the punch. Additionally, as the tapered hole becomes increasingly longer, a floating punch is employed wherein at least a portion of the punch is supported by the walls of the tapered hole.

Abstract: The method and product, for forming ordnance shells such as mortar shells and other explosive projectiles wherein the fragmenation count or shattering of the shell upon explosion is greatly increased over standard shells produced in a conventional manner.The method includes special heat treatment of the shell or projectile during initial stages of its formation whereby the molecular structure of steel used is changed principally from lamellar to spheroidal.

Abstract: An improved fiber reinforced penetrator rod for a kinetic energy projectile aving enhanced penetrating strength is disclosed herein. Embedded in a matrix medium of depleted uranium, or liquid phase sintered tungsten, are long fibers of tungsten-hafnium-carbide which are knitted into a continuous weave over the entire length of the fibers. This prevents splaying open or splitting of the front end of the fibers, and hence of the whole penetrator rod front end, upon impact, penetration, and receiving of the compressive forces upon hitting an armor target.

Abstract: The method of manufacture of a sabot component which comprises the steps of evering an aluminum workpiece from bar stock, upsetting the workpiece in a first die, by axial force, to constitute a first preform having a desired uneven mass distribution along the axis thereof, hot forging the first preform in a second die, by transverse force, to constitute a second preform having an unsymmetrical mass distribution transverse to the axis thereof, hot forging the second preform in a third die, by transverse force, to constitute a stamping having apposed unsymmetrical formed surfaces, solution heat treating the stamping to a "W" condition, freezing the stamping to render its metalography dormant, cold forging the stamping in the third die, artificially aging the stamping to a "T8" condition, trimming the stamping in a fourth die, and annodizing the trimmed stamping.

Abstract: Stiffeners between sabot petals resist bending of a kinetic energy projece, and thereby reduce aiming dispersion. The stiffeners compensate for material removed during the separation of an annular sabot into individual sabot petals, thereby eliminating the need for post-assembly machining to restore a circular perimeter. The stiffeners may extend radially from the surface of the kinetic energy projectile to the gun bore, for direct force carry-through, to reduce flexure and whip. In one embodiment, a thick portion on each stiffener fits into a notch in the abutting sabot petals to strengthen the sabot in a manner similar to an "I" beam.