Abstract: A method of manufacturing a paint roller includes the steps of providing at least one strip of non-plastic base material, applying a coating of partially melted plastic to at least one side of the strip of material prior to winding the strip about a mandril, winding the strip of material, after application of the partially melted plastic thereto, about the mandril in a spiral manner, the partially melted plastic causing the strip of material to bond forming a core, and winding a strip of fabric material about the core in a spiral manner, the partially melted plastic material applied to the base strip prior to winding causing the fabric material to bond to the core forming the paint roller.

Abstract: An integrated circuit assembly (12) such as used on a radio frequency identification tag, or other device, includes an integrated circuit (14) coupled to first and second printed conductors (16a) and (16b), such as tag electrodes, on a flexible substrate (18). The printed conductors (16a and 16b) may be conductors in the form of printed ink electrostatic antennas. The integrated circuit (14), is disposed in a generally co-planar arrangement with the flexible substrate (18). That is, the integrated circuit (14) is positioned in-line with the flexible substrate (18).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for making a custom shim for a die component having one or more blind holes, where the apparatus includes a preformed laminate having an adhesive layer, a protective layer removably attached to one side of the adhesive layer, and a paper impression layer attached to the opposite side of the adhesive layer. The method includes the steps of removing the protective layer from the adhesive layer, attaching the exposed adhesive layer to a piece of shim stock, applying ink to the surface of the die component having the blind hole(s), placing that surface of the die component on the paper layer to form thereon an ink impression of the die component, removing the die component from the paper layer, cutting the piece of shim stock in accordance with the ink impression, and removing the laminate from the cut shim stock to uncover the custom shim which accurately maintains the relationship between the blind hole and the outer contour of the die component.

Abstract: A new Enclosure For Concealing Rear Windshield Wipers Of Automobiles for enhancing the appearance of automobiles. The inventive device includes an elongated tray having a hole for passing the wiper drive shaft, an adhesive for detachably securing the tray to the rear windshield, a flexible flap for protecting the wiper from the elements, and a drain hole for allowing draining of moisture from the tray.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for making a custom shim for a die component having one or more blind holes, where the apparatus includes a preformed laminate having an adhesive layer, a protective layer removably attached to one side of the adhesive layer, and a paper impression layer attached to the opposite side of the adhesive layer. The method includes the steps of removing the protective layer from the adhesive layer, attaching the exposed adhesive layer to a piece of shim stock, applying ink to the surface of the die component having the blind hole(s), placing that surface of the die component on the paper layer to form thereon an ink impression of the die component, removing the die component from the paper layer, cutting the piece of shim stock in accordance with the ink impression, and removing the laminate from the cut shim stock to uncover the custom shim which accurately maintains the relationship between the blind hole and the outer contour of the die component.

Abstract: A method for fixing members includes a step of inserting a conductive thermosetting adhesive between the members to be bonded with each other, and a step of flowing a current directly through the conductive thermosetting adhesive so that the adhesive is cured itself due to Joule effect caused by the current flowed through the adhesive.

Abstract: A hose construction and method of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular flexible hose having opposite ends, fastening structure and a clamp fastened to one of the opposite ends of the hose by the fastening structure for substantially circumferentially and radially inwardly clamping the one of the opposite ends of the hose onto a member that has been inserted into the one of the opposite ends of the hose, the fastening structure comprising a tubular arrangement of elastic material disposed in stretched relation over and against part of the clamp and having opposite annular side sections, one of the side sections of the fastening structure having a part thereof disposed outboard of the clamp and having been secured against the one of the opposite ends of the hose to hold the clamp thereon in a predetermined rotational and axial position relative thereto.

Abstract: A slide assembly for a machine tool generally consisting of a first member having at least one guide slot disposed parallel to a given line of travel, provided with at least one wall portion, a second member disposed in a predetermined spatial relation relative to the first member, having a portion thereof protruding into the guide slot, spaced from the slot wall portion and displaceable along the guide slot when the members are disposed in the predetermined spatial relation, detachable means for fastening the members together in the predetermined spatial relation relative to each other, and a structural polymer disposed in the guide slot adhesively secured to one of the protruding portion of the second member and the slot wall of the first member, and slidably engageable with the other of the protruding portion of the second member and slot wall portion of the first member, providing a guideway for one of such members relative to the other whereby upon applying the fastening means and thereby positioning the

Abstract: A slip sheet for use with bulk containers and a method of use of such slip sheet. An empty bulk container is detachably secured to a slip sheet including one or more movable edges. The slip sheet and container can be manipulated and transported with a forklift or similar machinery. The slip sheet can be easily detached from the container after use via the movable edges.

Abstract: A hose construction and method of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular flexible hose having opposite ends, fastening structure and a clamp fastened to one of the opposite ends of the hose by the fastening structure for substantially circumferentially and radially inwardly clamping the one of the opposite ends of the hose onto a member that has been inserted into the one of the opposite ends of the hose, the fastening structure comprising a tubular arrangement of elastic material disposed in stretched relation over and against part of the clamp and having opposite annular side sections, one of the side sections of the fastening structure having a part thereof disposed outboard of the clamp and having been secured against the one of the opposite ends of the hose to hold the clamp thereon in a predetermined rotational and axial position relative thereto.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously mechanically bonding an air duct to a clothes dryer cabinet and sealing the spaces between the duct and cabinet to prevent the escape of air therefrom, and for a clothes dryer incorporating the bonded and sealed air duct and cabinet. The clothes dryer cabinet includes a series of vertical side panels and a front panel, the front panel defining an access opening through which access to an interior of a rotatable drum can be gained. An inner surface of the front panel includes an annular flange which generally surrounds the access opening and coaxially nests with and supports the rotatable drum. The annular flange defines an air-communication opening through which, in cooperation with the air duct, air flows from the interior of the drum to a blower unit. During assembly the air duct is located by means of engagement of a locating flange provided by the front panel with a series of positioning tabs on the air duct.

Abstract: An electric motor having a cylindrical frame with a thickness less than that of conventional electric motors. A tubular inner yoke is inserted in the cylindrical frame and in combination therewith serves as a magnetic path. The total thickness of the cylindrical frame and the inner yoke serves as a magnetic path substantially the same as that of a conventional electric motor frame. The inner yoke and thinner frame construction of the present invention reduces the total weight of the electric motor as compared with conventional electric motors. Additionally, the inner yoke has a plurality of protrusions for positioning the permanent magnets of the electric motor both axially and circumferentially thereon.

Abstract: A C-clamp having a rod head exteriorly of the C-shaped framework of the C-clamp is arranged to include a drive recess to complementarily receive a Phillips head screwdriver to enhance ease of adjusting the clamping rod of the C-clamp towards and away from the fixed clamping plate.

Abstract: A hose construction and methods of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular hose and a coupling secured to one end of the tubular hose, the inner peripheral surface of the tubular hose comprising an inner corrugated hose made of polymeric material and having inwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween and extending from one end of the tubular hose to the other end thereof, the coupling having an insert disposed in one end of the tubular hose and being radially outwardly expanded into sealing relation with the inner corrugated hose, the insert having an outer peripheral surface defined by a plurality of outwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween, the projections of the insert being respectively received in the recesses of the inner hose and the projections of the inner hose being respectively received in the recesses of the insert whereby the interior of the tubular hose is substantially sealed to the interior of the coupling, the inner peripheral surface

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rugged and inexpensive filing cabinet constructed from thin, prefinished metal and the method for making the same. All component parts including the case envelope, case back, kickplate, drawers and drawer supports are designed to be cut from a minimum of four discrete coils of metal with waste attributable to trimming or removal of excess metal maintained at a minimum. Ruggedness and strength are maintained, despite the relative thinness of the metal, because the vertical corners and other potentially critical areas subjected to increased stress are reinforced with structural elements adhesively bonded in place. Certain structural elements also function as jigging members during the adhesive bonding of the component parts. In addition, the design of the present invention provides a versatile and adaptable end product due to the interchangeability of cetain component parts.

Abstract: A hose construction and method of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular flexible hose having opposite ends, fastening structure, and a clamp fastened to one of the ends of the hose with the fastening structure for substantially circumferentially and radially inwardly clamping the one end onto a member that has been inserted into the one end, the clamp having end projections for being toggled together to circumferentially enlarge the clamp and hold the clamp out of its clamping condition and for being released from each other so as to be circumferentially moved apart from each other as the clamp circumferentially shrinks into its clamping condition by the natural spring force of the clamp, the fastening structure comprising a single spot of adhesive disposed between and against the clamp and the hose at a point on the hose that is located substantially diametrically opposite the point on the hose where the end projections of the clamp are adapted to be toggled together.

Abstract: A valve seat for a valve used with a treater tank comprising a body having a generally cylindrical bore therethrough, the body having a first end, a second end and being made of metal, the first end having a counterbore concentric with the cylindrical bore, the body having means on the second end for mounting the valve seat in the valve and an insert carried by the body and received in the first end, the insert being comprised of an erosion-resistant synthetic polymeric material having a cylindrical passageway therethrough, the insert having a first portion defining first inner and outer concentric cylindrical surfaces, the first outer surface having a diameter greater than the diameter of the counterbore, an annular sealing surface being formed on the first portion, and a second, generally cylindrical portion, said second portion being received in the counterbore and means disposed between the body and the second portion to secure the insert to the body and effect fluid-tight sealing between said insert and

Abstract: An apparatus for first aligning by trial and error, and then mounting or fastening a subsystem of an electrostatographic copier or printer such that the subsystem thereafter can be removed, serviced, and then remounted or reinstalled in precise alignment without further need of such initial trial and error aligning thereof. The apparatus include an aligning device for initially aligning by marking an aligned position through a first alignment and screw mounting aperture in the mounting portion of the subsystem, and for forming a laterally sealed cavity with such mounting portion. The device has front and back sides, a screw or bolt mounting apertures therethrough, a backside recess, and adhesive introduction perforations therein.

Abstract: A pressure adjustment screw for a fluid flow control device cannot for safety's sake be rotated within a threaded cylindrical bore on the device's body to withdraw it beyond an extreme pressure level safety setting. To allow field adjustment of the set point pressure and at the same time to prevent withdrawal of the adjustment screw beyond the extreme pressure level safety setting, a stop collar is fixed within the cylindrical bore in a position contacting the adjustment screw when the adjustment screw is in its extreme pressure level safety setting. The invention includes a number of means for fixing the stop collar in this position, as do methods for fixing the stop collar in this position.

Abstract: A boring tool is made from simple bar stock without significant external machining of the tool body. By providing a longitudinal bore which intersects a transverse slot, a longitudinally slidable wedge with splines can cooperate with a disc carried by a tool bar slidably received in the transverse slot. To ensure the most precise alignment between splines of the wedge and splines of a cooperating disc in the tool bar, the disc of the tool bar is attached to the tool bar with epoxy cement while the splines of the disc are engaged with the splines of the wedge. With the splines of the wedge being angularly offset from the longitudinal axis of the wedge, translation of the wedge will ensure accurately controlled movement of the tool bar.

Abstract: A method and means for adapting a stem of a plumbing valve for use with plumbing trim of a type for which the plumbing valve stem was not originally designed to be used. A bore is drilled into the end of the stem using a conventional hand-held power drill and a special centering tool that provides a first guide hole in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the stem. A transverse hole is also drilled into the stem in alignment with a second guide hole provided by the centering tool. An adaptor, made from a rod having substantially the same diameter as the stem, has a shaft at one end thereof for insertion into the bore drilled into said stem. At least one pin is then passed transversely through both the shaft of the adaptor and the trim to lock rotation of one to rotation of the other, and to prevent the adaptor from disengaging the stem. The other end of the adaptor has a spline thereon that matches a keyway of the plumbing trim that is to be used.

Abstract: A slide (20) having conveniently removable and replaceable bearing components (28-38) with the bearing components engaging seats (50) made of resilient, low friction material. The slide is supported on ways (24, 26) by way bearing pads (28-32) and opposed adjustable bearing assemblies (34-38). The seats (50) are formed by rough machining pockets (40, 42) into slide (20), positioning the slide (20) onto the ways (24, 26), positioning tooling blocks (60) at the locations normally occupied by the bearing components (28-36), and filling the spaces between the tooling blocks and pockets with a low friction, epoxy material, thereby forming the seats (50). Any one of the bearing components (28-38) may be removed and replaced without removing the slide (20) from the ways (24, 26). Further, each bearing assembly (34, 38) is mounted on one side of a respective way with a way bearing pad (28-32) being mounted on the opposite side of the way.

Abstract: A method of curing adhesive applied between a strain gauge and a transducer body. The method includes the steps of placing the transducer into contact with a fixed member, applying adhesive to a strain gauge and pressing the adhesive coated strain gauge on the transducer body while heating the fixed member. Heating is provided for by controlling the heat supplied to the fixed member so as to maintain the member at a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A self-lubricating track-roller bearing and the method of manufacturing the same that includes such a bearing with an inner race ring having a liner of self-lubricating material bonded to the outer surface of the inner race ring which is manufactured by the use of such a liner having self-lubricating material on one side and adhesive on the other side, with the latter side applied to such inner ring outer surface, positioning such inner ring with the liner thereon and a transparent heat shrinkable tubing assembly fixture together in a concentric relation so that upon the application of heat to said fixture it shrinks into a circumferential contact with the said liner to exert a force as the shrinking occurs to press said liner and said adhesive thereon against said outer surface to bond the latter thereto and thereby compress the thickness of said self-lubricating material, with said heat-shrunken tubing fixture maintaining said liner in position during additional heating to cure said adhesive, then removing

Abstract: A method of fitting a grip over a handle portion of a handlebar includes providing the grip with an integral lip directed radially inwardly along the entire front edge at the open end of the grip. The grip is fitted over the forward end portion of the handle portion to define a sealed chamber between the inner surface of the grip and the outer surface of the handle portion. Air is injected into the chamber to expand the grip which is then moved over the handle portion. Thereafter the air is withdrawn so that the grip contracts into intimate contact with the handle grip to be adhesively secured thereto.

Abstract: A method and means for adapting a stem of a plumbing valve for use with plumbing trim of a type for which the plumbing valve stem was not originally designed to be used. In one embodiment, a spindle is milled on the end of the stem. The spindle is milled through the use of a centering tool that slides over the stem and a hollow mill that is rotated by a hand-held power tool, such as an electric drill, which hollow mill is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the stem by the centering tool as the milling operation is carried out. An adaptor, made from a rod having substantially the same diameter as the stem, has a receiving hole bored in one end thereof into which the spindle is inserted. At least one pin is then passed transversely through both the adaptor and the spindle so as to lock rotation of one to rotation of the other, and to prevent the adaptor from disengaging the spindle. The other end of the adaptor has a spline thereon that matches a keyway of the plumbing trim that is to be used.

Abstract: An improved jewelry mounting construction for use in adapting pierced-ear earrings into earrings capable of being clamped on unpierced ears. Also disclosed is a construction for adapting pierced-ear earrings into stickpins. The improved construction comprises a clamping mechanism for securing a medium between opposed surfaces, one of those opposed surfaces being a receptacle for an earring post, with the receptacle having a means for securing the earring post of a pierced-ear earring therein. The mechanism for adapting pierced-ear earrings into stickpins comprises a post receptacle affixed to an elongated pin, with a means for securing an earring post therein.

Abstract: First and second clamshell-shaped foam members are mated, the first and second foam members meeting along exteriorly exposed joint margins defined by mateable surfaces extending along opposite sides of each of the members. At least one other foam member is nested totally within the mated assembly of the first and second members and nested without joint margins exposed to the exterior of the mated assembly. The surfaces enclosed within the mated assembly pilot the first, second and other members into mating relationship. The first and other members are adhesively bonded together and the second member is adhesively bonded to the assembly of the first and other member.

Abstract: An array of mirrors of the SSM ('Second Surface Mirror") type is fixed to the outer surface of a panel of a spacecraft, for example an artificial satellite, for the purpose of heat control. The fixing of the mirrors to the panel is achieved by gluing in a series of operations which ensure the correct positioning of the mirrors, the effectiveness of the adhesion, and electrical conductivity through the array of mirrors. In the application of the mirrors, use is made of a fixed structure for supporting the panel, a transferring tool on which the mirrors are temporarily retained in contact with separate support areas by a vacuum, and a loading tool arranged to receive the mirrors from the transferring tool and apply them to the panel.

Abstract: A liquid dispenser including a hollow plastic adapter defining a cavity extending between axially aligned open ends thereof, the cavity having a uniform cylindrical portion terminating at one of the open ends and a tapered portion joined to the cylindrical portion and tapering inwardly toward and terminating at the other open end; and a hollow metal hub defining a passage extending between axially aligned open ends thereof, the hub having a first cylindrical outer surface portion with a given diameter slightly greater than the uniform cylindrical portion and press fit therein, a second cylindrical outer surface portion with a predetermined diameter less than the given diameter and projecting out of the other open end of the adapter, and a tapered outer surface portion joining the first and second cylindrical surface portions and engaging the tapered portion of the adapter.

Abstract: A taper adapter assembly is disclosed for attaching a boring bar or the like to a machine spindle. The adapter is made up of a tapered adapter member and a drive ring. The adapter member has a taper of the ordinary type with a bore in its small end to receive a draw bolt and a cylindrical portion on its large end which receives the drive ring and a cylindrical portion that extends out from the first mentioned cylindrical portion. The adapter is made up by inserting the tapered adapter member in the spindle of a machine, applying an adhesive to the enlarged cylindrical part of the taper adapter member and placing the drive ring over the cylindrical part and forcing the ring into place against the face of the spindle with a bonding clamp. The drive ring is thereby affixed to the taper adapter and the reduced size cylindrical portion inserted into a bore in the end of a tool holder. The flange of the taper adapter is bolted to the clamping ring. The tool holder (boring bar) is then bolted to the drive ring.

Abstract: A roller bit cutter comprises:(a) a tough, metallic, generally conical and fracture resistant core having a hollow interior, the core defining an axis,(b) an annular, metallic, radial bearing layer carried by said core at the interior thereof to support the core for rotation, said bearing layer extending about said axis,(c) a wear resistant outer metallic layer on the exterior of the core,(d) metallic teeth integral with the core and protruding outwardly therefrom, at least some of said teeth spaced about said axis,(e) and an impact and wear resistant layer on each tooth to provide hard cutting edges as the bit cutter is rotated about said axis.

Abstract: There is provided a method of making a metallic container having a predetermined or standard height and a circumferential seam of the type which is formed by fitting a first open end portion of an upper can body having a venting portion and a second open end portion of a lower can body having a bottom portion to each other with a heat sealable adhesive layer therebetween to form a metallic container preform having a fitted portion, and heating the fitted portion thereby to fuse the adhesive layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for fitting spacer frames to panes of glass in the manufacture of insulating glass has a support wall and a frame which is movable towards and away from the support wall and the upper horizontal limb of which can be moved upwardly and downwardly for the purpose of adaptation to the height of a spacer frame, while retractible pins, clamp means and pressure pins for the spacer frame are provided on the frame of the apparatus.

Abstract: A fay surface sealing tool for applying sealant between wing skin and spar chord joints prior to fastener installation. The fay surface sealing tool includes a plurality of plurality of spaced apartures for dispensing the sealant in bead form between each row of fastener holes and on each edge margin subsequent to joint opening.

Abstract: A machine for applying particularly configured pieces of thermally-activated tape to a heated substrate, such as a continuous strip of lead frames, it is capable of long term, high speed operation without becoming fouled with tape pieces or residual adhesive. A drop-through die assembly to blank the tape pieces is mounted for reciprocal movement to and from the metal strip normally supported in spaced relation beneath the assembly. Cooling fluid is circulated through the die and stripper plate of the die assembly for dissipating heat generated in the punch during the blanking operation. This cooling feature together with the normally spaced arrangement of the die assembly and the heated substrate, serves to maintain the temperature of the punch well below the activating temperature of the tape, whereby the tendency of the punch to collect a build-up of adhesive and tape pieces is virtually eliminated.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for bonding a skin member such as metal, plastic, perforated acoustic skin, or fiberglass or graphite reinforced plastic, to a honeycomb core support structure such as lightweight hollow hexagonally shaped tubes. Such a method can be used in the construction industry for making panels and walls and similar structures, and in the aerospace industry for making airplane and satellite structures, etc. The adhesive employed is an adhesive-coated fabric material which is partially cured onto the honeycomb and cooled down, following which most of the adhesive material is removed when the coated fabric is peeled away. This leaves an optimum amount of adhesive in the most effective locations on the wall edges of the honeycomb cells where it is needed for bonding the core to the skin. The skin member is then bonded to the honeycomb by bringing the adhesive to its final cure.

Abstract: A worn or defective brake master cylinder is disassembled and degreased. The bore of the housing is reamed to a diameter somewhat larger than the desired finished bore diameter. A stainless steel tube is then cut to produce an insert sleeve of correct length for the housing bore and the outside diameter of the sleeve is ground to a slightly smaller diameter than the reamed diameter of the cylinder bore. The reamed bore and the exterior surface of the stainless steel sleeve are coated with an adhesive and the sleeve is inserted into the bore to the correct depth. The interior of the sleeve is then roller burnished to expand the sleeve into intimate contact with the bore. The sleeve is then drilled from the outside of the master cylinder to reopen all of the necessary ports in the master cylinder bore, following which the bore of the sleeve is honed to a very smooth finish.

Abstract: The invention is embodied in a method and apparatus for fabricating an improved solar cell module. The apparatus includes a supply drum for feeding a flexible strip having deposited thereon etched electrical circuitry, a supply drum for feeding into overlying engagement with the flexible strip a flexible tape having a pair of exposed tacky surfaces, and a plurality of rams for receiving and depositing a plurality of solar cells in side-by-side relation on an exposed tacky surface of the tape in electrical contacting engagement with the etched circuitry.

Abstract: An electric component comprising at least two flat elements is produced by coating a side of one of the elements, a metal sheet, with a co-polymer layer or by taking a sheet having a co-polymer layer thereon, and punching first elements therefrom. The co-polymer layer is softened by heating and the second element is pressed controllably onto the first and into the co-polymer layer. The layer does not run and so maintains an insulating separation between the elements, while bonding the elements firmly together. Piezoceramic resonators and semi-conductors circuits are advantageously joined to punch-formed parts in this manner.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube comprising a primary tubular element for carrying a heating or cooling medium and a secondary heat transfer surface spirally wound about the tubular element. The heat transfer surface is formed in a U-shaped configuration with its base being wound in metal-to-metal contact against the tube surface and the two legs thereof extending radially from the base. Each leg, in turn, is provided with a plurality of slits extending inwardly from the extreme edge thereof to create a dense population of relatively thin spine-like fins radiating from the tube. A meniscus of adhesive is formed between the legs and the surface of the tube which secures the base of the fin strip in metal-to-metal contact against the tube surface and also supports the individual spine-like fins in a radially extended position. In a further embodiment of the invention, the exposed surfaces of the primary and secondary elements are coated with a thin layer of adhesive to protect the tube from corrosion.

Abstract: The method includes the steps of forming separately a pair of spaced recesses in a carrier plate, the recesses having a parallelogram configuration other than a rectangle and a cross member therebetween providing an axis of symmetry, the recesses being symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis of symmetry to approximate a sector of a circle; pressing and age-hardening separately a plate of friction material having a thickness corresponding to the desired thickness of the friction pads; cutting at least a pair of friction pads from the plate having the dimensions and shape of the recesses; and placing and securing each of the pair of friction pads in a different one of the recesses so that the pair of friction pads are disposed symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry to approximate a sector of a circle.

Abstract: A process for fabricating precision components of the type including at least one member which is of a sectionalized construction comprising a plurality of assemblable mated sections. The sectionalized member is produced from a plurality of preliminarily formed sections which are adhesively secured into a bonded assembly which is finish machined as a unit, whereafter the bonded assembly is cleaved to provide a matched set of sections for use in the final assembly of the component.

Abstract: A catalytic converter having a metallic resilient flexible member to tightly hold a unitary, solid skeletal catalytic element within a casing of the catalytic converter. The member is bonded with the outer surface of the catalytic element via a ceramic cement and with the inner surface of the casing of the converter via a plurality of plugs of weld metal formed in openings in a lateral wall of the casing and effective to bond the member to the casing.

Abstract: A panel having multiple tubular passages extending therethrough and fitted on each end with a fluid tight hollow header. Apertures through one side of the headers place the tubular passages in communication with the interior of the headers. Fluid pumped into one header flows through the tubular passages to the other header, exchanging heat with the environment surrounding the panel as it passes therethrough. The panels are formed to provide a flow restrictive feature at the ends of the through fluid passages so that substantial flow will exist in all passages in all panels in an array of panels. One method for obtaining a fluid tight bond between the headers and the panel involves a forming process utilizing a heated die applied to the panel ends, and a subsequent panel and header material melting process followed by imposing pressure contact between the formed panel ends and the headers to thereby effect a permanent bond or weld.

Abstract: The hull of a marine vessel is protected from fouling by marine growths by a foil of anti-fouling metal such as copper or a copper alloy adhesively bonded throughout its area to the hull below the water line. The foil is conveniently applied to the hull by pressure sensitive .[..[.or heat sensitive.]..]. adhesive.