Air-cooled Generator Patents (Class 290/1B)
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Patent number: 6124644Abstract: A system has an engine (24), a generator (28) driven by the engine (24) to generate a DC voltage, and an inverter (30) electrically coupled to the generator (28) to convert the DC voltage to an AC signal. The system also has a first heat exchange circuit (44) in heat exchange relationship with the engine (24) to remove heat from the engine (24), and a second heat exchange circuit (46) in heat exchange relationship with the inverter (30) to remove heat from the inverter (30). The system further has a single radiator (38) divided into first and second sections (40, 42), the first section (40) being substantially hydraulically isolated from fluid communication with the second section (42). The first section (40) of the radiator (38) is in fluid communication with the first heat exchange circuit (44), and the second section (42) is in fluid communication with the second heat exchange circuit (46).Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1998Date of Patent: September 26, 2000Assignee: Modine Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Gregg Olson, Benjamin Gover
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Patent number: 6119636Abstract: A portable gasoline generator, constructed with an engine and a generator, provides a lightweight and compact size for easy storage and carrying by minimizing its weight and size of the alternator (generator) thereof. The generator includes a generator case which houses a stator and a rotor unit that is coaxially coupled with a driving end of the crankshaft. The rotor unit includes a rotor cap and a plurality of arc-shaped rotor magnets made of rare-earth metal circularly attached to an inner circumferential surface of a surrounding ring of the rotor cap. The rotor cap is constructed to function as an exhausting fan by puncturing a plurality of fan wings aligned radially and forming a plurality of fan vents thereon. The stator is coaxially affixed to a generator cup of the generator case, wherein the stator is coaxially positioned within the rotor cap that the rotor magnets are arranged to coaxially surround the stator.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1999Date of Patent: September 19, 2000Inventor: Guo Xiang Fan
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Patent number: 6039009Abstract: A compact engine-operated generator unit has instruments in a soundproof case arranged efficiently from the viewpoint of measures for sound and heat abatement. Particularly, the engine-operated generator unit includes the engine and the generator driven by the engine arranged in a direction of a rotary shaft linking the engine and the generator and the soundproof case accommodates the engine, the generator and other components of the unit therein. An interior of the soundproof case is partitioned into front, center and rear compartments by plate-like front and rear frame members; a through hole is formed in the rear frame member; a duct is provided in the through hole swelling out toward the center compartment and the rear compartment; the generator, the engine and a muffler are accommodated in the duct; a fuel tank and suction system instruments are disposed outside of the duct within the center compartment; and electric instruments are disposed within the front compartment.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1998Date of Patent: March 21, 2000Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Tadafumi Hirose
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Patent number: 5977667Abstract: A compact engine-operated generator unit having a high soundproof effect in which a generator thereof can be cooled efficiently as well as an engine and a muffler thereof. The engine-operated generator has an engine and a generator driven by the engine arranged in a row with a common rotary axis and accommodated in a soundproof case.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1998Date of Patent: November 2, 1999Assignee: Honda giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Tadafumi Hirose
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Patent number: 5977644Abstract: Backup power systems and methods of operation thereof. In one embodiment, a backup power system constructed according to the present invention includes: (1) an enclosure, (2) an engine, having an air inlet, located within the enclosure, (3) an alternator, coupled to and driven by the engine, that converts mechanical power derived from the engine into AC electrical power and (4) a baffle, located within the enclosure and about a portion of the engine to block direct fluid communication from within the alternator to within the engine, that guides cooling air received into the enclosure sequentially through the alternator to cool the alternator, around the baffle and the engine, through the air inlet and into the engine to cool the engine and through an outlet port of the baffle, the baffle thereby establishing a serial path within the enclosure for the cooling air.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1997Date of Patent: November 2, 1999Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.Inventor: William C. Smith
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Patent number: 5969429Abstract: An electrical power supply arrangement incorporates a turbine-generator ambly providing a self-contained non-battery electrical power source for supplying power to a breathing apparatus. The turbine-generator assembly is interposed in an air hose extending between first and second stage pressure regulators respectively connected to a pressurized air cylinder and to a cooling device of the breathing apparatus. The assembly includes an air turbine and an electrical generator disposed and coupled in tandem relationship to one another and enclosed in an elongated hollow housing. Pressurized air introduced into the turbine end of the housing expands across turbine blades and rotatably drives a central shaft of the turbine which, in turn, rotates a central rotor of the generator causing generation of electrical power in a stationary stator of the generator which surrounds the rotor.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1997Date of Patent: October 19, 1999Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Joseph Rudolph, Robert Hughes, Kenneth Price
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Patent number: 5965949Abstract: An engine-driven generator incorporating an engine and a generator into a single unit, with the output shaft of the engine coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the generator, via a frame structure formed by integrally combining two support members provided in parallel with the axial line of the output and rotating shafts with two handle members orthogonally intersecting the aforementioned axial line via upright members wherein base members are fixedly fitted between the support members below the engine and the generator in such a manner as to orthogonally intersecting the aforementioned support members; a generator mounting member, having a mounting hole in the axial direction, provided between a bulged portion integrally protruded on the lower part a rear bracket of the generator and a base member below the generator, and two engine mounting members provided between the engine and a base member below the engine are disposed at the apexes of a triangle, so that the engine and the generator are mountedType: GrantFiled: January 23, 1998Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignee: Sawafuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masahiro Fukuda, Tohru Yoshioka, Tohru Nishikura, Masaru Sakamoto
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Patent number: 5965999Abstract: A vertical generator assembly includes an engine having an engine housing and a vertical drive shaft extending downwardly from the engine housing. A support frame is attached to the bottom of the engine housing, and a stator is attached to the bottom of the support frame. A rotor is mounted within the stator and is attached to the drive shaft. A generator housing is attached to the support frame and encloses the stator and rotor.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1997Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignee: Coleman Powermate, Inc.Inventor: Kenneth M. Frank
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Patent number: 5899174Abstract: The engine generator set has an internal combustion engine and an alternator in a main compartment. Two separate cooling air streams independently cool the internal combustion engine and alternator. The independent air streams are then intermixed in the main compartment and used to cool the engine exhaust system and gases. Heat sensitive components are segregated from the heat generating components. Cooling air is drawn over the heat sensitive components maintaining them at nearly ambient temperature.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1998Date of Patent: May 4, 1999Inventors: Wayne A. Anderson, Donald R. Fischer, James L. King
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Patent number: 5890460Abstract: The electrical generator set has two separate cooling airflows. A first airflow is generated by an impeller mounted on the drive shaft of the engine and provides for cooling the electrical generator or alternator and for partial cooling of the electrical circuitry which controls mainly the voltage of the electrical output. This airflow exists only while the engine is running. The first airflow is mixed with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine for noise and temperature reduction. the use of a venturi tube supports driven by the exhaust gases supports the airflow.A second airflow provides for cooling the radiator of the liquid cooled internal combustion engine and for partial cooling for the electrical circuitry. This second airflow is generated by one or more electrical fans and is independent on whether or not the engine is running.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Inventors: Ronald C. Ball, William A. Eldredge
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Patent number: 5747883Abstract: The cooling for large track laying type vehicles is provided by a fan which circulates air through the powertrain compartment and a radiator. The fan speed is varied to reduce the power requirement when maximum air flow is not needed. The speed of the fan is modulated relative to the engine speed by a separate drive mechanism. The electrical generator speed can also be modulated simultaneously with the fan drive. To provide a compact arrangement, the fan input shaft and generator input shaft are coaxially disposed such that the fan structure surrounds the outer periphery of the generator.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1996Date of Patent: May 5, 1998Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventors: Michael Frederick Hammer, Robert Franklin Combs
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Patent number: 5694889Abstract: The compact electrical generator sets have separate cooling airflows for the cylinder of the driving internal combustion engine, for the electrical generator, and for the components which generate most of the heat. Providing separate airflows allows to reduce the size of the generator set. Use of an alternator and an electronic controller for converting the electrical energy generated by the alternator to electrical energy of the type required by the user simplifies the design. The design of the cooling airflow with multiple combined and separated airflows reduces both size of the generator set and reduces losses due to generating the airflows.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1996Date of Patent: December 9, 1997Inventors: Ronald C. Ball, William A. Eldredge
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Patent number: 5515816Abstract: The compact electrical generator set has separate cooling airflows for the cylinder of the driving internal combustion engine, for the electrical generator, and for the crankcase of the internal combustion engine and the general interior of the enclosure of the electrical generator set. An optional fourth cooling airflow is dedicated to the oil cooler of the driving engine. Providing separate airflows allows to reduce the size of the enclosure. Noise generated by the engine exhaust is reduced by enveloping the exhaust gases with cooling air at the location were the exhaust gases exit the enclosure.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1995Date of Patent: May 14, 1996Inventors: Ronald Ball, William Eldredge
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Patent number: 5076247Abstract: An enclosed generator set (10) is provided having an engine (12) and a generator (14). An air cleaner preheater assembly (60) is in airflow communication with a source of ambient air and a source of preheated air to supply the engine (12) with air for use in the combustion process. The air cleaner preheater assembly (60) attaches to a bulkhead (28) which defines an ambient air compartment (36) and a preheated air compartment (38) on the generator set (10). An ambient air passage (68) and a preheated air passage (72) pass through a wall of air cleaner preheater assembly (60). A door (82) is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation (86) perpendicular to a major surface of the door. The door (82) is variably positioned by a bimetal spring (110) between a first position wherein preheated airflow into the air cleaner preheater assembly (60) is at a maximum and a second position wherein ambient airflow into the air cleaner preheater assembly is at a maximum.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1990Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: Onan CorporationInventors: Thomas A. Schmidt, David A. Overland, Paul F. Huffman
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Patent number: 4907546Abstract: In an air-cooled type cooling system for an engine working machine assembly in which a working machine such as a generator, a compressor and the like is adapted to be driven by an internal combustion engine, there are provided an air-cooled engine, a working machine and an exhaust muffler in a machine area as well as a centrifugal cooling fan in a fan room within a casing. An exhaust air outlet passage and an exhaust air conduction passage are provided in such a manner as to come out in parallel from the periphery of the fan area. Part of the cooling air sucked into the fan area after cooling the engine and the working machine in the machine area is adapted to be discharged directly outside the casing through the exhaust air outlet passage, and the remaining part thereof is adapted to be discharged outside the casing through the exhaust air conduction passage after cooling the exhaust muffler.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1988Date of Patent: March 13, 1990Assignee: Kubota Ltd.Inventors: Akira Ishii, Koji Iwai, Ryoichi Ito, Osamu Murakami
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Patent number: 4874959Abstract: In a two cycle internal combustion outboard marine engine (10) having vertical crankshaft (12) extending upwardly through a crankcase (14) and an alternator stator (6), and having a flywheel (4) secured to the top of the crankshaft, a louvered flywheel cover shroud (30) is provided over the flywheel and alternator. The louvers are provided by a plurality of spaced ramps (50, 52, 54, 56) extending along spaced inclined planes and defining vent openings (36, 38, 40, 42) therebetween exhausting air, to cool the alternator.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1988Date of Patent: October 17, 1989Assignee: Brunswick CorporationInventor: Stephen E. Sheridan
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Patent number: 4871922Abstract: An enclosure for an engine and a generator which is adapted to be positioned in the front of a motor vehicle and adjacent an inlet for the coolng air of the vehicle engine. A housing encloses both an engine and a generator, and there are separate air inlet openings and air outlets for the engine and the generator. In a preferred manner the air outlet duct for the engine extends to the outside of a motor vehicle and laterally thereof with the air outlet adapted to accommodate an exhaust pipe for a generator engine. Also preferably the air inlet and outlet for the generator are disposed at a 90 degree angle from each other.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1988Date of Patent: October 3, 1989Assignee: Kohler Co.Inventors: Martin W. Heinrich, Donald R. Fischer
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Patent number: 4859886Abstract: A portable engine-operated electric generator includes an engine having an output shaft and including heated and unheated components required for operation of the engine, a generator unit having an input shaft and drivable by the engine, the engine and the generator unit being vertically arranged, the output shaft of the engine and the input shaft of the generator unit being coupled to each other in axial alignment in a vertical direction, and a sound insulating case accommodating the engine and the generator unit and having a horizontal longitudinal axis. The heated and unheated components are separated from each other by, and located on opposite sides of, a plane lying in the vertical direction and in a direction normal to the horizontal longitudinal axis.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1987Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshio Tanaka, Shigeru Fujii, Takao Nishida, Yasushi Fujita
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Patent number: 4856470Abstract: In an engine working machine assembly with a soundproof cover, the soundproof cover is provided for the engine working machine assembly in which a working machine such as a generator, a compressor and the like is adapted to be driven by an internal combustion engine, the working machine and a cooling fan are arranged in order upward above the vertical shaft type air-cooled engine as the internal combustion engine, and a fan case is fixedly secured at its lower wall portion to the engine through a cooling air guide cover for the working machine and a cooling air guide cover for the engine. The soundproof cover comprises an upper side cover section, a front side cover section and a back side cover section.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1988Date of Patent: August 15, 1989Assignee: Kubota Ltd.Inventors: Akira Ishii, Ryoichi Ito
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Patent number: 4835405Abstract: A generator set including an internal combustion engine which drives an alternator or generator to generate electricity. The engine and the generator are air cooled by air driven by a fan along two parallel air cooling circuits through the generator set. The components of the set are enclosed in a two-piece housing or enclosure having two openings, an air inlet and an air outlet.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1987Date of Patent: May 30, 1989Assignee: Onan CorporationInventors: Stephen M. Clancey, Stanely D. Hjelmstad, Mark S. Lent, Michael C. Miller
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Patent number: 4827147Abstract: Engine-powered portable working apparatus (100) including a soundproof casing (4) for accommodatingly supporting therein a main unit (1) having an engine (10) and a rotary working machine (11) driven by the engine, and a carrying handle (6) provided on the soundproof casing. The soundproof casing (4) comprises a first casing half (2) and a second casing half (3) to be joined together along a predetermined mating plane (P). The first and second casing halves (2, 3) are, respectively, integrally formed with a first handle half part (23) and a second handle half part (33) to be joined together along the mating plane (P) to thereby cooperate with each other to constitute the carrying handle (6). The working apparatus (100) further comprises an anti-vibratory member (5) for elastically holding the main unit (1) in the soundproof casing (4).Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1986Date of Patent: May 2, 1989Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Sadao Mizushima
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Patent number: 4779905Abstract: In an engine generator having a work generator arranged at the upper side of an engine of a vertical crank shaft type, the output shaft of the engine projects upwards from the engine crank case so as to be connected to the rotor of the work generator. And the stator is arranged so as to encircle the rotor and to be encircled by an air induction casing. A cooling fan of a centrifugal blower type is located at the upper end of the rotor shaft with the blades thereof directed to the side of the generator so as to supply a cooling air flowing upwards to both the interior and the exterior of the stator during operation.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1987Date of Patent: October 25, 1988Assignee: Kubato Ltd.Inventors: Ryoichi Ito, Kenji Ueno, Tutomu Wada, Osamu Murakami, Shigeru Kawabata, Kazuo Higo, Akiyoshi Morikawa
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Patent number: 4721070Abstract: A portable engine-operated working machine includes a pair of frame members each having at least a horizontal top bar and a pair of vertical bars extending downwardly from the opposite ends of the horizontal top bar, a bottom cover interconnecting the lower ends of the frame members, a carrying handle interconnecting the horizontal top bars of the frame members, an engine supported on the bottom cover, and a working unit supported on the bottom cover adjacent to the engine.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1987Date of Patent: January 26, 1988Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshio Tanaka, Tadahiro Yaguchi
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Patent number: 4665319Abstract: In a diesel-electric locomotive, the power demand of electrically driven auxiliary equipment is automatically increased in response to the temperature of the diesel engine falling to an undesirably low level so as to load the engine when idling and thereby cause it to produce extra heat which prevents abnormal wear and excessive fuel consumption.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1985Date of Patent: May 12, 1987Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: John E. Seepe, Glenn E. Vest
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Patent number: 4647835Abstract: A portable generator in whose casing are housed an engine and a generator directly connected to and driven by the engine. A single cooling fan is provided at the connecting portion of a crankshaft in said engine and a revolving shaft in said generator to produce a unidirectional cooling air flowing from the generator side through the outside and inside of the generator to the engine side, as well as air intake and exit ports are provided in said casing side walls respectively in the vicinity of the side surface opposite to the engine of said generator and opposite to the generator of said engine, thus resulting in a high cooling efficiency of and an enhanced soundproof effect on the engine and generator as well as in a more compact generating system.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1986Date of Patent: March 3, 1987Assignee: Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tetsuzo Fujikawa, Yooichi Yamaguchi, Yoshiteru Ueda
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Patent number: 4622923Abstract: This invention relates to an encased engine generator having an air-cooled engine and a generator housed in a case approximately structured in a rectangular parallelepiped, wherein a fuel tank is provided along the upper surface of the case, an engine having a cooling fan at its side is disposed within the case beneath said fuel tank, a generator interlocked with said engine is disposed at the downstream side of the cooling air from said cooling fan, a silencer is disposed between said fuel tank and generator so that its outer circumference may be cooled by part of said cooling air, and operating parts such as engine operation knob necessary for operation and maintenance are provided on the wall of the case which encloses the remaining cooling air.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1985Date of Patent: November 18, 1986Assignee: Yanmar Diesel Engine Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akira Nishimura, Masami Yoshii, Shigeharu Yasui
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Patent number: 4608946Abstract: A portable engine-generator set is provide, which includes a soundproof cover defining an internal space for housing the components of the engine-generator set. The internal space comprises an intake compartment, a heat source compartment and an exhaust compartment. The heat source compartment comprises first and second sub-compartments which form independent cooling wind passages, each of the sub-compartments having an intake port in communication with the intake compartment. The exhaust compartment has an exhaust port in communication with the atmosphere, and intake ports in communication with the first and second sub-compartments such that air flow from the first and second sub-compartments are combined in the exhaust compartment.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1984Date of Patent: September 2, 1986Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshio Tanaka, Yasuo Sugimoto
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Patent number: 4595841Abstract: A full-covered portable generator composed of a generator core, an engine for driving the generator core enclosed by a cover comprising discrete front, rear and bottom cover elements. The rear cover element is detachably joined to the rear cover element along lateral peripheral surfaces of the generator. The engine and its main components are each covered at least in part by the front cover element in a manner that they are exposed when the rear cover element is detached from the front cover element, for facilitation of the maintenance thereof. Various controls and readouts or displays are arranged on the front cover element transversely of the generator, preferably in an order corresponding to the required order in which they are operated or read. A carrying handle is arranged on an upper surface of the front cover element and extends transversely of the generator.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1984Date of Patent: June 17, 1986Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Tadahiro Yaguchi
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Patent number: 4548164Abstract: An engine driven generator assembly comprises an internal combustion engine, e.g. a diesel engine and a generator driven by the engine, the engine and generator being mounted in a thermally and acoustically insulated housing provided with ports for cooling intake air and exhaust air and an aperture for an exhaust pipe. The engine is mounted in the housing substantially vertically over the generator, the engine having a substantially horizontal crankshaft which is situated substantially in the same vertical plane in which a substantially horizontal generator shaft is situated. A fuel tank for the engine is provided which constitutes at least a part of a wall of the housing to provide lateral stiffening reinforcement therefore. The ports for cooling intake air and exhaust air as well as the aperture for the exhaust pipe are provided in a common housing wall with the intake air port situated below the exhaust air port which in turn is situated below the aperture for receiving the exhaust pipe.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1985Date of Patent: October 22, 1985Assignee: Valmet OYInventors: Paavo Ylonen, Urpo Hirvikoski, Esa Piippo, Pentti Rajala
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Patent number: 4495901Abstract: In generator apparatus for the combined production of electrical energy and heat, of the type comprising a support casing housing an internal combustion engine with an air filter the inlet of which communicates with an aperture in a side wall of the casing, an electrical machine coupled to the engine, and electronic circuits for controlling the operation of the engine and the electrical machine, a covering and protecting element is fixable sealingly and removably to the outer surface of the side wall of the casing to define a region between the element and the wall. The electronic circuits are supported by at least one plate fixed to the outer surface of the side wall in the region between the wall and the covering and protecting element, and the element has at least one aperture through which this region communicates with the exterior. In operation of the apparatus, the electronic circuits are ventilated by air which is drawn in by the engine and flows into the region through said at least one aperture.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1983Date of Patent: January 29, 1985Assignee: Fiat Auto S.p.A.Inventors: Alessandro Nannini, Roberto Pagano
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Patent number: 4486668Abstract: A vacuum pump is attached to a front side of an alternator, that is, between a driven pulley and the alternator, wherein a pump shaft is detachably coupled to an alternator shaft through a tubular bushing shaft. A seal member is disposed in the tubular bushing shaft for preventing leakage of lubricating oil from the pump to brushes arranged at a rear side of the alternator.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1983Date of Patent: December 4, 1984Assignee: Nippondenso Co., Ltd.Inventors: Taro Asahi, Toshimitu Higashino, Noboru Ikoma, Masato Hanai, Nakato Murata
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Patent number: 4243893Abstract: The system utilizes excess primary coolant air normally utilized to cool the primary components (generator and engine) and diverts the cooling air to enclosures requiring supplemental cooling. Air from the engine blower is diverted through a double hulled enclosure around the exhaust system to reduce noise, fire hazard and burn hazard. Air from the generator cooling fan is diverted through a duct to an electronics enclosure. The air thus diverted provides direct supplemental cooling to increase the performance and reliability of the electronics mounted on the power plant and to reduce the exterior temperature of the enclosure for the purposes noted for the exhaust system enclosure.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1978Date of Patent: January 6, 1981Assignee: Aktiebolaget ElectroluxInventor: Nathan Sten
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Patent number: 4173951Abstract: A power plant for simultaneously generating electric power and pneumatic pressure which comprises an engine, dynamo and compressor all juxtaposed, and wherein the crankshaft of the engine is disposed on the axis of a common shaft to the dynamo and compressor to be drivingly coupled to the common shaft and jointly rotated with the common shaft, thereby simultaneously generating electric power and pneumatic pressure.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1977Date of Patent: November 13, 1979Inventor: Masamitsu Ishihara
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Patent number: 4079262Abstract: A mobile current consumer device, especially a fire control device for artillery- and/or rocket weapons, comprising a current generator unit insertable into a receiving compartment thereof. In the installed condition of the current generator unit, at least two spatially separated cooling air currents can be delivered to the current generator unit, and removed in the form of heated air currents spatially separated from one another. The one cooling air current can be delivered to an internal combustion engine of the current consumer device provided with a blower by means of an air infeed channel having a suction opening facing in the direction of travel. Such air current is then removable as heated air from the cooling casing surrounding the engine through the floor of the current generator unit which is extensively open at the region of the engine and by means of at least one opening provided in the floor of the receiving compartment.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1976Date of Patent: March 14, 1978Assignee: Contraves AGInventor: Helmut Merkle