Abstract: Methods are provided that are useful in generating a fluid suspension of nanoplasmoid bubbles. Such methods utilize a nanobubble/nanoplasmoid generator in conjunction with mechanisms for applying energy to the fluid in the form of electrolytic events, pressure waves, electrical fields, and/or magnetic fields. The nanobubble/nanoplasmoid generator is of modular construction that is readily adaptable to a wide variety of applications. Various applications of nanoplasmoid bubble suspensions so produced are described.

Abstract: A sod roll picker including a pair of right facing spear bar assemblies and a pair of left facing spear bar assemblies. Each of the right and left facing spear bar assemblies includes a spear bar, a plurality of spears secured to the spear bar, and a guide roller disposed on each end of the spear bar assembly. The picker also includes a base frame having a pair of sidewalls connected by a pair of end walls. Each end wall includes a pair of right guide paths configured to receive the guide rollers of the right facing spear bar assemblies and a pair of left guide paths configured to receive the guide rollers of the left facing spear bar assemblies. The picker also includes a right spear bar linkage interconnecting the right facing spear bar assemblies and a left spear bar linkage interconnecting the left facing spear bar assemblies.

Abstract: The multi-pronged spear-fishing spear tip includes a collar for mounting the multi-pronged spear-fishing spear tip onto a spear shaft. An elongate center tine extends axially from the collar and includes a spear point for piercing fish or prey. A plurality of diverging tines with piercing tips surround the center tine, the diverging tines immobilizing the fish or prey pierced by the center tine. Each diverging tine extends from the collar at a diverging angle from the axis of the collar. The length of the center tine is longer than the length of the diverging tines to accommodate most sizes of fish or prey. This construction provides the functionality of a single-point spear and a paralyzer spear in a single unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for securing sections of turf for initial placement, replacement and/or rotation is provided. The apparatus includes a frame adapted for placement on a section of turf. A plurality of spaced apart actuators are mounted to the frame. Each actuator has an actuator rod with a sharpened end which is movable between a first, retracted position and a second, extended position. The actuator rods have an insertion angle of approximately 60.degree. or less with respect to a contact surface such that upon actuation, the actuator rods are moved from the first position to the second position and the sharpened ends of the actuator rods are adapted to pierce the selected section of turf to firmly engage the section of grass turf to the frame for placement or replacement.