Abstract: An ejection seat includes a headrest that, upon initiation of the ejection seat, moves forward to support the pilot's head in a tilted-forward position. By holding the crewmember's head in a tilted-forward position, windblast forces are controlled to prevent the helmet from pulling upward and backward on the crewmember's head. The headrest may include a pair of struts that extend forward around the sides of the crewmember's helmet to support the crewmember's head against flailing from the windblast. A flexible panel extending between the struts and the headrest panel may also be included to further support the crewmember's head against windblast flailing.

Abstract: A vehicle seat having a seat back including an actuatable back panel. The back panel of the seat back may be moved between a normal, or flush position, and an actuated, or spaced position, relative to the seat back assembly. The back panel may be provided with connectors that may be used to connect the back panel to the seat assembly. The back panel is actuated in the event of a rear end collision to provide added clearance for penetration of an occupant's torso into the seat back without interference by seat accessories, such as an adjustable lumbar system, a bolster assembly, massage assembly, or a heating/cooling system. The seat accessories may be secured to the back panel as a sub-assembly to facilitate manufacture. A resilient member biases a linkage or torsion bar to automatically reset the back panel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle (1), particularly a motor vehicle (1), comprising a vehicle seat (2), wherein the vehicle (1) comprises an actuator (25) for generating a load reducing movement of the vehicle seat (2) in case of a rear collision and a control means (10) for actuating the actuator (25) when a first threshold value relating to the amount of the rear collision is exceeded and a second threshold value relating to the amount of the rear collision is not exceeded.

Abstract: A seat back support mechanism supports the back of a seat in a motor vehicle. One component of the mechanism (15) is effectively connected to the seat of the motor vehicle and another component (32) is connected to the back (44) of the motor vehicle optionally by means of a recliner mechanism. The support mechanism comprises a connection between the components. The connection comprises two pivot links (27,33). One pivot link (33) is of arcuate form with a central “V” notch so that when the back of the seat is subjected to a predetermined force, the back of the seat is permitted about a pivot axis (30) while the arcuate pivot link (33) is deformed, thus absorbing energy.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a vehicle seat has a frame and is adapted to be mounted within a vehicle. The frame has first and second side members. The frame supports a head restraint that is moveable to an extended position providing support during an impact condition. An active head restraint system is connected to the head restraint for moving the head restraint when actuated. A cable is connected to the active head restraint. An impact member has a first end attached to the first side member, an intermediate portion spanning across a lumbar region and a second end extending to and not directly affixed to one of the first and second side members. The impact member is attached to the cable to translate upon receiving an input force from the occupant in response to the impact condition, displacing the cable and actuating the active head restraint system.

Abstract: A vehicle seat having a seat back including an actuatable back panel. The back panel of the seat back may be moved between a normal, or flush position, and an actuated, or spaced position, relative to the seat back assembly. The back panel may be provided with connectors that may be used to connect the back panel to the seat assembly. The back panel is actuated in the event of a rear end collision to provide added clearance for penetration of an occupant's torso into the seat back without interference by seat accessories, such as an adjustable lumbar system, a bolster assembly, massage assembly, or a heating/cooling system. The seat accessories may be secured to the back panel as a sub-assembly to facilitate manufacture. A resilient member biases a linkage or torsion bar to automatically reset the back panel.

Abstract: Energy absorption apparatus for protecting occupants from excessive G-force by absorbing energy during an explosion below the vehicle. A mitigating strip and an anvil are attached by first and second mounting members between the vehicle and the occupant's seat whereby an excessive G-force on the first mounting member bends the mitigating strip and pulls it over the anvil. A portion of gradually increasing resistance to bending is provided between one end of the strip and the portion of constant resistance to bending whereby the mitigating strip increasingly resists bending over the anvil as the portion of gradually increasing resistance is pulled over the anvil until the portion of constant resistance to bending reaches the anvil; the resistance to bending of the mitigating strip will then remain constant as it is pulled over the anvil.

Abstract: A seat assembly for a vehicle includes a seat bottom and a seatback. The seatback includes a seatback frame and is selectively rotatable relative to the seat bottom from an upright position to a forward position. A seatbelt assembly includes a retractor coupled to the seatback frame and a belt selectively extendable from and retractable to the retractor. A first end of the belt is disposed in the retractor. A guide is coupled to the seatback frame and defines an orifice with the belt slideably extending through the orifice. The retractor and the guide are fixed relative to the seatback frame and the second end of the belt is fixed to the seatback frame. The retractor, the guide, and both ends of the belt rotate from the upright position to the forward position in response to a force exerted on the seatback frame during rapid deceleration of the seat assembly.

Abstract: A recliner mechanism for a vehicle seat includes a support plate (7) mounted on the squab (2) of the seat, and a support plate (11) mounted on the back rest (3) of the seat. There is a pivotal interconnection (10) between the plates to enable the back rest to be reclined. The pivotal interconnection is initially retained by a spring (20), in a retaining part (15) of an elongate slot (14). When the back rest (3) is subjected to a rearward force, such as by a seat occupant in a rear impact situation, the spring is deformed and the pivot shaft moves along the slot (14), enabling the back rest (3) to move rearwardly. An energy absorbing element (17) is provided which deforms, whilst absorbing energy, during this second movement of the back rest.

Abstract: A frame structure of a seatback for a vehicle includes a first frame including at least two panels and a divided portion therebetween and a second frame including tubing and bonded to the first frame substantially along a periphery of the first frame. The second frame includes an elongation deformation allowing portion for allowing a portion of the second frame to be elongated over the divided portion of the first frame in an upper side portion when a predetermined load is exerted on the seatback toward a rear of the vehicle.

Abstract: At a side portion 22 of a seat back frame, not only does a rear first extending portion 52 bend and extend from a frame side plate portion 30 toward a seat back inner side at an obtuse angle, but also, in a vicinity of a central portion of a rear flange portion 50, a rear second extending portion 54 bends and extends from the rear first extending portion 52 further toward the seat back inner side. Therefore, even if a relatively large load toward a rear of a vehicle acts on the seat back frame and compressive stress is generated at an intermediate portion of the rear flange portion 50 in a heightwise direction of a seat back, it is difficult for cross-sectional collapsing to arise, and the load can be effectively supported at the frame side plate portion 30. There can be provided a seat back frame for a vehicle which can suppress an amount of bending deformation at the time of a rear collision, without leading to an increase in weight.

Abstract: A vehicle seat apparatus includes a pair of vehicle-width spaced lower arms attached to a seat cushion, each of the lower arms having a rear portion; a connecting member fixed to the rear portion of each of the lower arms; a pair of vehicle-width spaced upper arms attached to a seat back, each of the upper arms being pivoted by a rotational shaft to the rear portion of the corresponding lower arm to rotate relative thereto; a reclining apparatus provided at one of the connecting member and serving for restricting and allowing the upper arms to rotate; and a load receiving portion provided at one of the lower arms for receiving a downward load, when the downward load is transmitted from the connecting member to the rear portion of one of the lower arms, by being brought into engagement with at least one of the upper arm, the reclining apparatus, and the connecting member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a backrest for a vehicle seat, with a head support (1) which is adjustable in terms of the height of the head support (1) with respect to the backrest, and with a proximity sensor (5) for detecting the head position of a person sitting on the vehicle seat in relation to the head support (1), an indication for adjusting the head support (1) in the event of a mispositioning and/or an adjustment of the head support (1) by an electric drive (4) out of an initial position taking place until the head of the person sitting on the vehicle seat causes a triggering of the proximity sensor (5), the proximity sensor (5) being arranged in the upper part of the head support (1) and being directed downward onto the region of greatest curvature of the back of the head of the person sitting on the vehicle seat.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy absorption device in particular for the seat of an automobile in case of a shock, said device being substantially in the form of a plate including a succession of cutouts following each other in a deformation direction (X) between a first cutout and a last cutout and defining between them at least one bridge extending in a stretching direction (Y) transverse to the deformation direction (X), the first cutout having a shape slightly flaring in the stretching direction (X) towards the following cutouts.

Abstract: An ejection seat includes a headrest that, upon initiation of the ejection seat, moves forward to support the pilot's head in a tilted-forward position. By holding the crewmember's head in a tilted-forward position, windblast forces are controlled to prevent the helmet from pulling upward and backward on the crewmember's head. The headrest may include a pair of struts that extend forward around the sides of the crewmember's helmet to support the crewmember's head against flailing from the windblast. A flexible panel extending between the struts and the headrest panel may also be included to further support the crewmember's head against windblast flailing.

Abstract: Vehicle including a system for preventing injury to an occupant's head and neck during a rear impact includes a support structure for supporting the occupant including an upper body support portion for supporting the occupant's head and neck. The support structure has a deformable upper body support portion which may be filled with a fluid such as air, liquid or a gel and deforms during a rear impact to support the entire back, neck and/or head of the occupant. The upper body support portion may be moved to a support location, regardless of the detection of a crash (a passive mode), or moved only prior to an anticipated impact as determined by a crash sensor (an active mode).

Abstract: Multiple vehicle seats are disclosed with active head restraint systems that receive an input force from an occupant during an impact by a torso support, which consequently actuates a linkage that translates a head restraint upward and forward to the head of the occupant. In one embodiment, the torso support has a translatable connection with the seatback frame and another translatable connection with the linkage. In another embodiment, a torso support is pivotally connected to a pair of links which are each pivotally connected to the frame. In yet another embodiment, the seatback frame includes a structural wire, which provides pivotal connections for two of the links of the linkage.

Abstract: When a pressure receiving plate provided at a seat back moves to a rear side of a vehicle body when a vehicle is collided from behind, a Bowden cable transmits movement of the pressure receiving plate to a headrest ascending mechanism as a tensile load, thereby quickly ascending a headrest to reliably hold a head of an occupant. The Bowden cable transmits only the tensile load, and hence the Bowden cable is not buckled. Reduction in weight is made possible as compared with the case using a rod for transmitting a compression load. Since the Bowden cable is light, it is not required to unreasonably place the pressure receiving plate at a position near the headrest ascending mechanism for reduction in weight, and hence the pressure receiving plate can be placed at the optimal position where a sufficient driving force is obtained at the time of collision. Thus, a headrest is ascended with favorable responsiveness upon a rear-end collision of a vehicle while using a thin transmission member with low rigidity.

Abstract: A locking device for a seat back includes a release preventing mechanism for preventing the locking device from being unintendedly released by the fact that a second arm portion of a lift lever abuts on a side edge portion of a guide hole of a lock plate to cause the lift lever to rotate positively when a base plate rotates forward along a horizontal direction about a lock pin in a state where the lock pin engages with a lock hole of the lock plate and the second arm portion of the lift lever is located in the guide hole of the lock plate when the seat back is held at a rising position.

Abstract: A headrest control apparatus includes: a headrest moving mechanism that supports a headrest in such a manner that at least one of a rotation of the headrest about an axis of the headrest, which extends in the vehicle-height direction, and a movement of the headrest in the vehicle-width direction is permitted; a drive unit that causes at least one of the rotation and the movement of the headrest; and a control unit that controls the drive unit.

Abstract: A passenger seat for a multi-passenger motor vehicle having a body with a seat-mounting includes a seat frame mountable to the seat-mounting surface, and a rear seat frame engaged with the seat frame. A front frame is engaged to the seat frame and is located forward of the rear seat frame. The front frame is configured for translational movement with respect to the seat frame. A passenger restraint member is engaged to the front frame.

Abstract: Vehicle including a system for preventing injury to an occupant's head and neck during a rear impact includes a support structure for supporting the occupant including an upper body support portion for supporting the occupant's head and neck, the support structure having a plurality of different positions selectable by the occupant, and a positioning system for adjusting the position of the support structure prior to the rear impact such that the upper body support portion is closer to and preferably in contact with the occupant's head and neck during the rear impact. As a result, motion of the occupant's head and neck relative to the occupant's back is thereby reduced and preferably eliminated during the rear impact. Whiplash injuries are therefore reduced if not eliminated using the invention.

Abstract: A vehicle seat having a seat back including an actuatable back panel. The back panel of the seat back may be moved between a normal, or flush position, and an actuated, or spaced position, relative to the seat back assembly. The back panel may be provided with connectors that may be used to connect the back panel to the seat assembly. The back panel is actuated in the event of a rear end collision to provide added clearance for penetration of an occupant's torso into the seat back without interference by seat accessories, such as an adjustable lumbar system, a bolster assembly, massage assembly, or a heating/cooling system. The seat accessories may be secured to the back panel as a sub-assembly to facilitate manufacture. A resilient member biases a linkage or torsion bar to automatically reset the back panel.

Abstract: In an automobile seat provided with a seatback having a metal-made seatback frame of a substantially quadrilateral shape, the seatback frame comprising a pair of spaced apart left and right side frame sections 10a, 10b, an upper frame section 11 interconnecting upper end portions of the side frame sections 10a, 10b, and a lower frame section 12 interconnecting lower end portions of the side frame sections 10a, 10b, the lower frame section comprises a horizontally extending body arranged between the lower end portions of the side frame sections 10a, 10b, side bracket portions 12a, 12b provided at left and right ends of the horizontally extending body so as to project forward from the horizontally extending body, the side bracket portions 12a, 12b being applied and fixed to the lower end portions of the side frame sections 10a, 10b, and a structure for serving to facilitate deformation of the seatback in the event of a car crash or the like in order to absorb impact caused by the car crash or the like, the stru

Abstract: A cross member assembly for adjusting a reclinable vehicle seat includes a joint. The joint permits the cross member assembly to deflect during a vehicle impact if the reclinable vehicle seat is occupied.

Abstract: A locking device for a seat back includes release preventing means for preventing the locking device from being unintendedly released by the fact that a second arm portion of a lift lever abuts on a side edge portion of a guide hole of a lock plate to cause the lift lever to rotate positively when a base plate rotates forward along a horizontal direction about a lock pin in a state where the lock pin engages with a lock hole of the lock plate and the second arm portion of the lift lever is located in the guide hole of the lock plate when the seat back is held at a rising position.

Abstract: An automobile seat includes a seat cushion, a seat back tiltably mounted on the seat cushion, and a head rest mounted on an upper portion of the seat back. The automobile seat also includes a seat cushion frame, a pair of side frames mounted on the seat cushion frame, and a seat back frame mounted on the pair of side frames so as to be rockable within a limited range of angle. The seat further includes a seat back frame rocking mechanism for causing, when an acceleration greater than a predetermined value is inputted from behind a vehicle body, the seat back frame to undergo a rocking motion, and a rocking motion preventing member for preventing, when the acceleration greater than the predetermined value is not inputted from behind the vehicle body, the seat back frame rocking mechanism from causing the seat back frame to undergo the rocking motion.

Abstract: A recliner mechanism for a vehicle seat includes a support plate (7) mounted on the squab (2) of the seat, and a support plate (11) mounted on the back rest (3) of the seat. There is a pivotal interconnection (10) between the plates to enable the back rest to be reclined. The pivotal interconnection is initially retained by a spring (20), in a retaining part (15) of an elongate slot (14). When the back rest (3) is subjected to a rearward force, such as by a seat occupant in a rear impact situation, the spring is deformed and the pivot shaft moves along the slot (14), enabling the back rest (3) to move rearwardly. An energy absorbing element (17) is provided which deforms, whilst absorbing energy, during this second movement of the back rest.

Abstract: A back support mechanism for a vehicle seat is provided with a track mounted to a seat back of the vehicle seat. A carriage is mounted to the track for linear translation along the track between a first position and an actuated position. A support member is connected to the carriage for supporting a back portion of an occupant of the vehicle seat. A biasing member cooperates with the carriage to urge the carriage to the first position. If the occupant back portion imparts a load to the support member exceeding a predetermined force, the support member and the carriage translate along the track over a range of translation. The range of translation is sized to accommodate a corresponding translation of a head of the occupant to a head restraint of the vehicle seat.

Abstract: A device for maintaining height of a headrest relative to a seatback frame includes: a suspension disposed in the seat back frame, configured to be pushed by a passenger during a crash; a linkage rotatably coupled to the seat back frame and rotatably supporting the suspension; and a fixing link inside the seat back frame for maintaining a rotational position of the linkage so as to maintain a height of the suspension.

Abstract: A vehicle seat having a seat back including an actuatable back panel. The back panel of the seat back may be moved between a normal, or flush position, and an actuated, or spaced position, relative to the seat back assembly. The back panel is provided with clips that may be used to connect the back panel to the vehicle seat assembly or suspension. The back panel is actuated in the event of a rear end collision to provide added clearance for operation of an active head restraint system. Seat accessories, such as an adjustable lumbar system or heating/cooling system may be secured to the back panel as a sub-assembly to facilitate manufacture.

Abstract: An automobile seat possesses a seat back that includes a seat back frame to which an restraining device for a headrest is mounted. The headrest may be displaced from an initial position into an extended position against the head of the seat occupant. A locking process is provided by means of which the restraining device may be maintained in its extended position with respect to the seat back frame. The locking process device includes an engaging element pre-tensioned by a spring that may engage with the engagement recess formed on the restraining device. The locking process device includes a disengaging element to be operated by the seat occupant or other person that brings the engaging element out of engagement with the engaging recess in the maintained condition of the restraining device against the force of the spring.

Abstract: A vehicle passenger seat with an upholstery cover having a fabric seam designed to absorb energy from a seat occupant upon impact. Means for progressively absorbing energy from the seat belt occupant are disclosed. Use of the fabric seam to absorb vehicle passenger seat occupant energy increases the survivability of an impact for an occupant of a seat with a separate inner and outer seat frame, and relates to compliance with energy absorption requirements for seat-backs of 49 C.F.R. Section 571.222 (FMVSS 222) and seat belt anchorage loading strength requirements of 49 C.F.R. Section 571.209 and 571.210 (FMVSS 209 and FMVSS 210).

Abstract: A flat spring member (40) mainly serving as a vibration absorptive function at a normal use is engaged with a supporting frame member (130) which displaces backward along with deformation of a seat back (20) by backward moment applied to the seat back (20), and the other end is engaged with a front edge frame (102) disposed in the vicinity of the front edge of a cushion frame. Therefore, when an impact force from front or back equal to or more than that prescribed is applied, the flat spring member (40) increases in tension by backward moment applied to the seat back (20), and serves as a function to increase again the intensity of the backward moment of the seat back (20), which was once lowered by deformation of the side frame (101) of the cushion frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a headrest arrangement for a backrest section (10) of a motor vehicle seat with a headrest, which receives the headrest bars and is supported in the guides on the side of the backrest, wherein the guides in the backrest can be moved within limits from a normal operating position (68) to a crash-active operating position (70).

Abstract: When a vehicle is rear-ended and a seated user moves rearward in reaction to the rear-end collision, a load movement of a lumbar part of the seated user is sufficiently transmitted from a pressure plate of operating force generating means to an operating force generating mechanism, regardless of an amount of rearward tilting of a seat back. Then, a pressure roller serving as a driven member of the operating force generating mechanism largely deflects and sufficiently pulls inner cables of respective pulling cable devices, thereby smoothly moving both end portions of a headrest frame upward. As a result, the headrest frame is moved upward smoothly and reliably, and a headrest is moved in an upward-forward direction, that is, toward the head of the seated user smoothly and reliably.

Abstract: A vehicle seat adjustment system for adjusting the position of a portion of a vehicle seat. The system comprises a hydraulic actuator, a primary activation system for operating the hydraulic actuator and adjusting the seat position, and a secondary activation system for the hydraulic actuator. The secondary activation system is arranged to be activated in the event of a detected crash, to provide for movement of the hydraulic actuator to automatically adjust the position of a portion of the seat towards a predetermined position. The secondary activation system comprises a chamber to allow fluid to be displaced from the hydraulic actuator into the chamber. The secondary activation system may additionally comprise a fluid injection unit which supplies a quantity of fluid, preferably gas, to the actuator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle seat for equipment with shoulder belts (24) connected to the seat backrest (21), comprising an energy absorbing device (1) acting on the seat backrest, wherein said energy absorbing device comprises deformable energy absorbing means (12), with at least one arcuate (13, 14) area of plastically fragmentable material, opposing the rotation of said seat backrest (21) with respect to a lower seat structure (20) in a first direction, corresponding to a forward-leaning movement of said seat backrest.

Abstract: The backrest (2) of an automobile vehicle seat includes a framework (21), a padding (3), a padding cover (4) covering the front face and the sides of the backrest and a padding screen (7) for the rear face of the backrest. It includes a rigid back panel shield frame (6) with at least two lateral sides (62) and a bottom side (63), the said shield frame being adapted to be attached to the framework (21) of the backrest to cover the lateral edges of the framework and a bottom part of the rear of the backrest, the shield frame (6) including towards an inner edge at least one groove (64) adapted to accommodate and hold an edge (44) of the cover and an edge (71) of the screen, the said cover covering the shield frame.

Abstract: An adjustable seat cushion thigh support system 10 for the use of a seat and method for providing same. The seat has a cushion pan 12 that is fixed in relation to a vehicle. A pair of side rails 14 and a rear cross member 16 form the fixed cushion pan 12. The thigh support system 10 has fixed anchor brackets 18 that extend inwardly from side rails 14. Slider brackets 20 are adapted to move forwardly and rearwardly in relation to the anchor brackets 18. A cushion ramp 22 is supported by the slider brackets 20 so as to permit forward and rearward motion of the cushion ramp 22 when the slider brackets 20 move in relation to the cushion pan 12. The cushion ramp 22 underlies the seat cushion thigh support.

Abstract: A recliner adjuster for appropriately adjusting an inclination of a seat back with respect to a seat cushion includes a worm rotatably mounted on the seat cushion, and a helical gear held in engagement with the worm and mounted on the seat back via an auxiliary locking mechanism. The auxiliary locking mechanism includes a pair of external gears connected to the helical gear and held in engagement with a portion of the seat back, and a pair of internal teeth mounted on the seat cushion so as to accommodate the pair of external gears therein, respectively. During normal use, the seat back is held at a predetermined angle with respect to the seat cushion by the engagement of the helical gear with the worm, while when a load greater than a predetermined value is inputted to the seat back, the pair of external gears are partly deformed to engage with the pair of internal teeth, respectively, to thereby hold the seat back at the predetermined angle with respect to the seat cushion.

Abstract: A head restraint assembly may include a head restraint, a cam, and an arm. The head restraint may be rotatably supported by a seat back and configured to be automatically rotated as the seat back is rotated. The cam may be rotatably coupled to the seat back and include an engagement surface. The arm may include a first portion non-rotatably coupled to the head restraint and a second portion engaged with the cam engagement surface.

Abstract: An automotive seat assembly 10 is provided, including a primary seat structure 12 having a seatbase portion 14 and a seatback portion 16. The present invention further includes a headrest support assembly 26 including an upper headrest support section 28 and a lower headrest support section 30 rotatable about a headrest pivot point 34 positioned between the upper headrest support section 28 and the lower headrest support section 30. An energy absorbing deformable plate 40 is mounted to the lower headrest support section 30 at an upper plate end 42 and is mounted to the primary seat structure 12 at a lower plate end 44. The energy absorbing deformable plate 40 is deformable rearwards 43 during a rear-end collision. As the energy absorbing deformable plate 40 deforms rearward, the upper plate end 42 moves the lower headrest support section 30 rearward and the upper headrest support section 28 is thereby rotated forward.

Abstract: A vehicle seat assembly including a seatback frame and a lumbar support system operatively mounted to the seatback frame. The lumbar support system includes a lower suspension mechanism that is generally aligned with the pelvic and lumbar regions of the occupant of the seat assembly. The lower suspension mechanism includes a pair of bands of flexible material that are stretched about a pair of upstanding support members so as to have a predetermined tension for providing support for the occupant of the seat assembly at the pelvic and lumbar regions.

Abstract: An activating headrest comprises a headrest including a detecting link integrally connected to the headrest. The detecting link is pivotally mounted to a seat frame so as to be shifted when pressed by an occupant's back. A return spring is installed between the detecting link and the seat frame. A stopper means installed between the seat frame and the detecting link fixes the state of the headrest tilted in the forward and upward position to prevent the neck from being thrust backward.

Abstract: A vehicle seat for use with a vehicle includes a seatback frame having a first locking element, and a head restraint arrangement movably associated with the seatback frame. The head restraint arrangement includes a second locking element that is engageable with the first locking element. Upon a sufficient impact to the vehicle, the head restraint arrangement is configured to move with respect to the seatback frame from an initial position toward a support position. Furthermore, the locking elements are configured to allow movement of the head restraint arrangement toward the support position, while inhibiting movement toward the initial position.

Abstract: A seat, in particular an aircraft passenger seat, has a seat component (10) and a backrest component (12) made at least in part of shell components. One shell component (22) is detachably connected to other components of the seat by a fastening mechanism. In the event of sudden introduction of force, as in the event of a crash, the shell component (22) is detached from the other components of the seat. A passive element is created by the shell component. When normal operating forces are present, that is, in the normal operating state of the seat, the passive element retains its position and shape. In the event of introduction of large force impulses, such as in sudden introduction of force in the event of a crash, the passive element is detached from the remaining shell structure of the seat without significant reaction forces being generated, which might cause injury of the seat occupant, and creates a free space in the seat.

Abstract: An automobile seat includes a seat cushion and a seat back tiltably mounted on the seat cushion. The automobile seat also includes a seat cushion frame, a side frame mounted on the seat cushion frame, a seat back frame mounted on the side frame so as to be rotatable within a limited angle, and a fastening member mounted on the seat back frame. The side frame has an insertion hole defined therein in which the fastening member is inserted and also has an impact absorbing structure. When a load greater than a predetermined value is inputted to the seat from behind, a lower portion of the seat back frame is pushed upon a rearward movement of a seat occupant to thereby cause the fastening member to move rearward while deforming the impact absorbing structure. As a result, the seat back frame rotates with respect to the side frame, and an impact is absorbed by deformation of the impact absorbing structure.

Abstract: In a headrest (1) for a vehicle seat, having a carrier (5), at least one upper and lower linkage (11, 15) linked to the carrier (5), which can be pivoted around horizontal axles (7, 17), a impact element (13) linked to the linkages (11, 15) which forms at least one four-bar linkage (19) with the linkages (11, 15) and the carrier (5), and an energy storage device (25), the energy storage device (25) driving the four-bar linkage (19) in the event of a crash, so that the impact element (13) comes out forward from an original position into a crash position that is locked against a backward movement by a crash lock, the upper linkage (11) and the lower linkage (15) are unparallel with respect to one another.

Abstract: The invention involves a two-piece seat for a passenger-carrying vehicle with the seat being capable of complying with the federal requirements with reduced complexity. A steel plate is rigidly attached to the rotating seat back. The steel plate will prevent the seat back from rotating during normal use. If the bus were in a collision, a belted occupant would apply load to the rotating seat back through the seat belts. The steel plate would deform, allowing the rotating seat back to come forward. The fixed portion of the seat back remains in position to act as a passive restraint for any passengers seated behind this particular seat. Utilizing deformable steel plates to retain and control the operation of a rotating seat back equipped with 3-point restraints is a unique aspect to this invention. The plates will retain the rotating seat back in normal use to prevent vandalism to the seat belts, and can be easily removed so the seat back can be rotated forward for servicing the seat belts and upholstery covers.