Abstract: The disclosure relates to a hydraulic brake system for a highly automated or autonomous vehicle which includes three pressure generators which provide sufficient braking force even in a case of a fault. Two of the pressure generators are assigned in a redundant manner to one axle and a modulation unit is configured to hydraulically connect the two pressure generators to the wheel brakes of the first axle, and to perform individual brake pressure modulation in the wheel brakes. The third pressure generator is hydraulically separate from the other pressure generators, and another modulation unit is configured to hydraulically connect the third pressure generator to wheel brakes of another axle, and to perform individual brake pressure modulation in the wheel brakes.

Abstract: A hydraulic system of a vehicle includes a hydraulic pump with variable delivery capacity. The hydraulic pump is controllable as a function of a load and operatively connected to a drive of the vehicle. The system includes a first brake system for reducing a speed of the vehicle by at least one friction brake, and a permanent brake system being independent of the first brake system and configured to reduce the speed of the vehicle. The permanent brake system includes a first retarder circuit which cooperates with the hydraulic pump such that kinetic energy is removed from the vehicle by the permanent brake system via the hydraulic pump in order to decelerate the vehicle.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and vehicles for closed-loop control of regenerative braking. The system includes, in one implementation, a regenerative braking subsystem and a vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is configured to command the regenerative braking subsystem to apply a first amount of regenerative braking torque. The vehicle controller is also configured to determine a current vehicle deceleration while the first amount of regenerative braking torque is applied. The vehicle controller is further configured to determine a difference between the current vehicle deceleration and a target vehicle deceleration. The vehicle controller is also configured to set a second amount of regenerative braking torque to reduce the difference between the current vehicle deceleration and the target vehicle deceleration. The vehicle controller is further configured to command the regenerative braking subsystem to apply the second amount of regenerative braking torque.

Abstract: An electronic braking system with independent antilock braking and stability control. The system can utilize a variety of electro-mechanical actuators to apply clamping force to a mechanical brake caliper. The system can include a caliper electronic control unit (CECU) and a wheel speed sensor at each wheel of the vehicle to enable independent slip control, or antilock braking, at each wheel. A separate executive management unit (EMU) can receive data from each electronic caliper, vehicle accelerometers, and other sensors to provide electronic stability control (ESC) independent of antilock braking (ABS) functions. The removal of a conventional master cylinder, brake pedal, ABS pump, brake lines, and other components can reduce weight and complexity. The elimination of hydraulic lines running to a central ABS module and master cylinder can enable modular drive units to be swapped out more quickly and efficiently.

Abstract: A corresponding vehicle includes two steerable axles VA1 and HA1 each with an angle sensor, wherein a rear axle HA1 in an all-wheel mode is synchronously steered with the front axle VA1 in the opposite direction, this being designated as a 4×4 steering system. The vehicle further includes a control device for setting the steering angle of the axles based on the data provided by angle sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for operating an automated parking brake for a motor vehicle comprising at least one braking mechanism with a brake piston. In said method, the parking brake moves the brake piston by means of an actuator between an idle position, in which the brake piston applies no braking moment, and a braking position, in which the brake piston applies a braking moment, in relation to a brake disk, and during a disengagement process of the parking brake, a reference point is determined in which the brake piston is located in a position in which it applies substantially no braking moment and which is between its idle position and its braking position. The method according to the disclosure is characterized in that the reference point is estimated taking into account an extrapolation of a variable describing the disengagement process.

Abstract: A method is provided for decelerating a vehicle. The vehicle has an electro-pneumatic brake system, at least one front axle, at least one rear axle, and a brake value transmitter. The vehicle further includes at least one axle modulator for the front axle of the vehicle, for performing control of at least one front axle brake pressure at the at least one front axle, and/or at least one axle modulator for the rear axle of the vehicle, for performing control of a rear axle brake pressure at the at least one rear axle of the vehicle. The method includes generating a redundancy signal at a first axle, the front axle or rear axle, or at a trailer control valve, and performing open-loop and/or closed-loop control of an auxiliary brake pressure at another axle, the front axle or the rear axle, via the redundancy signal.

Abstract: An electric vehicle according to an example of the present application includes a battery, a regenerative brake, a friction brake, and a controller. The regenerative brake imparts regenerative braking torque to drive wheels. The friction brake imparts frictional braking torque to the drive wheels and non-drive wheels. The controller execute a slip control when the slip of the drive wheels is expected. The controller controls, during the execution of slip control, the regenerative and the friction brakes so that; the total of the frictional and the regenerative braking torque imparted to the drive wheels is less than or equal to upper limit torque set within a range that the drive wheels do not slip; the power of the regenerative power generation is not to exceed an acceptable charging power set according to a state of charge of the battery; and the regenerative braking torque is smaller than the regenerative braking torque before the start of the slip control.

Abstract: A trailer brake module includes a brake output driver configured to be connected to a power supply, a flyback diode, and a MOSFET arranged between the power supply and the flyback diode. The MOSFET is in series with the flyback diode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vehicle and a parking control method therefor which can prevent a parking curb or a driving system from being damaged during parking due to collision with the parking curb or running over the parking curb according to creep torque imitation by an electric motor in a vehicle equipped with the electric motor. A parking control method includes determining whether a parking situation occurs, applying a creep torque modification coefficient to a creep torque until contact with an object that applies a reaction force to a wheel in a parking direction is sensed to determine a modified creep torque upon determining the parking situation, and variably controlling the creep torque by applying a variable coefficient to the modified creep torque.

Abstract: A method for braking an electric vehicle in which a first axle of an electric vehicle is decelerated by an electric motor of the electric vehicle and/or by a friction brake system of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a passenger capsule having a first end and a second end, a front module coupled to the first end of the passenger capsule and including a front axle assembly, a rear module coupled to the second end of the passenger capsule and including a rear axle assembly, and a braking system. The braking system includes a pump, an actuator including a rod that extends through a brake housing to apply a biasing force to a brake and inhibit movement of the vehicle, and a line coupling the pump to the actuator. Engagement of the pump provides a pressurized fluid flow through the line that overcomes the biasing force and releases the brake.

Abstract: A regenerative braking system and method include: a regenerative braking determination unit configured to determine whether or not a vehicle satisfies an entry condition for regenerative braking based on information collected by the vehicle; a calculation unit configured to calculate a hydraulic braking torque according to a pressure of a master cylinder and a target amount of a regenerative braking torque varied according to the pressure of the master cylinder, if the vehicle satisfies the entry condition; and a controller configured to perform braking of the vehicle based on the target amount of the regenerative braking torque and the hydraulic braking torque.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling pressure of a braking system including a pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure value within the braking system mounted in a vehicle, and collect the detected pressure value as an analog pressure signal; and a control device configured to calibrate the analog pressure signal received from the pressure sensor, convert the calibrated analog pressure signal into a digital pressure signal, and output the digital pressure signal.

Abstract: A system and method for simulating positive train control (PTC) systems in a local and controlled environment using software and hardware. The system can simulate various functionalities of the PTC system in the environment using software and hardware components. The system can instruct the software of a train management computer (TMC) to control electromechanical valves to simulate air compression on brake pipes in response to the PTC system executing a penalty on the locomotive. The system can display statuses of various systems on the locomotive to a user using a cab display unit (CDU). The system can control the software and hardware components to simulate warnings and actions from the PTC system allowing locomotive engineers and conductors to experience the PTC system for optimum training.

Abstract: A brake apparatus, for electrically driven motor vehicles, includes a traction motor at an axle of a vehicle, which traction motor is used both as drive motor and as brake system with recuperation of brake energy, a first piston-cylinder unit, which is actuatable by means of an actuating device, in particular brake pedal, a second piston-cylinder unit, which is actuatable by means of an electromotive drive and a non-hydraulic gearing apparatus, in particular spindle drive. The piston-cylinder units are connected via hydraulic connecting lines to wheel brakes of the motor vehicle. A pressure chamber of the first piston-cylinder unit is connected to two wheel brakes of a vehicle axle, and a pressure chamber of the second piston-cylinder unit is connected to a vehicle axle for active brake force feedback control and recuperation control in interaction with the traction motor.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a braking device configured to generate a braking pressure based on a hydraulic pressure to provide a main braking force to a vehicle; and a controller configured to control at least one control module selected based on the speed of the vehicle among a plurality of control modules including an engine control module (EMS) of the vehicle, a motor control module and a parking brake control module to provide an auxiliary braking force to the vehicle when the braking device is in an abnormal state.

Abstract: Presented are driver alert systems with control logic for powertrain energy tracking and reporting, methods for making/using such systems, and electric-drive vehicles with alert systems for providing driver cues to indicate real-time potential energy buildup in the powertrain. A method of operating a driver alert system for an electric-drive vehicle includes a vehicle controller receiving a selection of a powertrain operating mode. Responsive to the received selection, the vehicle controller determines a buildup of output torque generated via an electric traction motor for an impending vehicle maneuver associated with the selected powertrain operating mode. The controller accesses a memory-stored, torque-based lookup table to retrieve an output level calibrated to an in-vehicle sensory output device and corresponding to an output torque value for the determined torque buildup.

Abstract: This vehicle brake device performs raising processing for raising, by a predetermined raising amount, the target hydraulic pressure of hydraulic fluid when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid starts increasing in order to suppress a delay in response to the increase in the pressure of hydraulic fluid during switching processing for gradually switching at least part of regenerative braking force to hydraulic braking force, and includes a judging portion which judges whether or not required braking force or deceleration is reduced during cooperative control; and a raising amount setting portion which during the raising processing, sets a second predetermined pressure as a raising amount if the judgement result of the judging portion is positive, the second predetermined pressure being smaller than a first predetermined pressure that is the raising amount when the determination result of the determination result is negative.

Abstract: A vehicle braking system comprising a first braking electronic control unit (ECU) which is operable to control the operation of a first set of vehicle brakes, a second braking electronic control unit (ECU) which is operable to control the operation of a second set of vehicle brakes, and a first connection between the first and second braking ECUs by means of which an electrical braking control signal may be transmitted between the first and second braking ECUs, the first braking ECU being provided with a first wireless signal receiver by means of which data from a further vehicle concerning the braking of the further vehicle may be received, wherein the second braking ECU is provided with a second wireless signal receiver by means of which data from a further vehicle concerning the braking of the further vehicle may be received, and is programmed to, in the event of a failure of the first wireless signal receiver, transmit either the data received from the further vehicle or information or instructions based

Abstract: A military vehicle includes a brake positioned to facilitate braking a tractive element, a brake housing defining an inner volume, a piston separating the inner volume into a first chamber and a second chamber, a rod extending through an end of the brake housing and coupled to the piston where the rod is positioned to selectively engage with the brake to inhibit movement of the tractive element, a resilient member positioned within the inner volume and configured to generate a biasing force against the piston such that the rod is biased into engagement with the brake, and an air-to-hydraulic intensifier coupled to the brake housing. The air-to-hydraulic intensifier is configured to receive a supply of air and provide a hydraulic fluid to the brake housing based on the supply of air to overcome the biasing force to disengage the rod from the brake to permit movement of the tractive element.

Abstract: Vehicles with integrated power generation produced by rotation of the wheels are provided. In exemplary implementations, a vehicle includes a frame, a wheel assembly coupled to the frame, and a power generating unit. The wheel assembly includes a wheel defining a wheel axis. The wheel is configured to rotate about the wheel axis during operation of the vehicle. The wheel assembly further includes supporting components fixed about the wheel axis during operation of the vehicle. The power generating unit includes a rotating assembly rotatable with the wheel about the wheel axis, including at least one of a magnet assembly or a coil assembly, and, also includes a stationary assembly mounted to at least one of the supporting components of the wheel assembly or the frame and including the other of the magnet assembly or the coil assembly such that rotation of the wheel rotates the rotating assembly relative to the stationary assembly for generating electrical power.

Abstract: A vehicle power supply apparatus includes first and second power supply systems, first and second switches, and a fail-safe controller. The second power supply system includes a generator motor coupled to an engine, and a second electrical energy accumulator able to be coupled to the generator motor. The fail-safe controller inhibits a powering state of the motor generator on the condition that the second switch is in a malfunctioning state in which the second switch is rendered inoperative in a second turn-off state. The second turn-off state includes isolating the generator motor and the second electrical energy accumulator from each other.

Abstract: A transaxle with a brake includes an axle supported by the transaxle casing, a continuously variable transmission disposed in the transaxle casing, a braking device that is disposed in the transaxle casing and locks a rotation of the axle, a speed control arm that is journaled so as not to rotate relatively with respect to the transmission operating shaft of the transmission, controls the transmission, and is capable of changing a rotation of the axle continuously. A brake arm that is journaled with respect to an operating shaft of the braking device and a relay arm that is journaled so as to be relatively rotatable with respect to the transmission operating shaft are also included. The relay arm has one end connected to the brake arm via a link mechanism and the other end for lock operation input.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vehicle control system capable of improving driving stability and providing safe fun driving to a driver by varying and controlling a regenerative braking torque generated by a motor during coasting. The vehicle control system according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes: a motor configured to provide a driving force to a wheel; a wheel sensor configured to detect a rotational speed of the wheel; and a controller configured to control the motor to generate a first regenerative braking torque during coasting, and to control the motor to generate a second regenerative braking torque lower than the first regenerative braking torque when a wheel slip of the wheel is detected based on an output of the wheel sensor.

Abstract: A variable load calculator calculates a variable load command VL based on AS pressure and a predetermined table. A vehicle deceleration calculator calculates vehicle deceleration ? based on a brake notch command BN and a predetermined table. A required braking force calculator calculates required braking force BL by multiplying a weight indicated by the variable load command VL and the vehicle deceleration ?. An electric braking controller calculates an electric braking pattern in accordance with the required braking force BL and then transmits the electric braking pattern to an inverter controller. The electric braking controller calculates an electric braking force produced by operation of the electric motor and then transmits to a subtractor as feedback BT the electric braking force adjusted in accordance with a speed of the electric motor. The subtractor transmits to a mechanical brake as a mechanical braking command a result obtained by subtracting the feedback BT from the required braking force BL.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle, including an electric machine and a coupling device, which, in a first coupling state, couples the electric machine to a drivetrain and, in a second coupling state, decouples the electric machine from the drivetrain, wherein the method includes the following steps: a) registering an item of coupling information, which specifies whether the coupling device is in the first or second coupling state, b) analyzing a recuperation condition, the fulfillment of which is dependent on the coupling information, wherein the recuperation condition is fulfilled or can only be fulfilled if the coupling device is in the second coupling state, and c) braking the electric machine by operating the electric machine as a generator if the recuperation condition is fulfilled.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle including a motor for traveling, when an accelerator is switched from an on-state to an off-state, the motor is controlled such that a vehicle torque is varied more gradually toward a requested torque on a brake side (requested torque in the off-state) in turning than in traveling straight. Thereby, when the accelerator is switched from the on-state to the off-state in turning, drivability of the driver can be restrained from deteriorating.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic brake system, comprising a brake master cylinder. A pressure generating device for actuating wheel brakes and an additional brake actuator may both be activated electronically. In a normal mode of operation, an open- and closed-loop control unit detects a braking demand based on the actuation of a brake pedal by the driver and activates the pressure generating device to build up braking torque at the wheel brakes. If the pressure generating device is not activated, the driver gains direct access to the wheel brakes and the control unit activates the additional brake actuator to build up braking torque. In the fallback mode, when a predetermined pedal travel threshold value is reached, the control loop activates the additional brake actuator to build up braking torque. In the event of a succession of brake pedal actuations by the driver, the pedal travel threshold value is increased at least once.

Abstract: A braking apparatus and a braking control method for a vehicle, wherein the braking apparatus includes an inlet valve for interrupting a braking hydraulic pressure supplied to a wheel cylinder of the vehicle, a regenerative braking unit for performing the regenerative braking of the vehicle, and a control unit for controlling the braking hydraulic pressure supplied to the wheel cylinder by controlling the inlet valve so that hydraulic braking force determined by subtracting a hydraulic braking force generated by the regenerative braking unit from a demand braking force requested by a driver is generated. The control unit controls the hydraulic braking pressure supplied to the wheel cylinder by controlling the inlet valve on the basis of changes in the vehicle speed and the regenerative braking force of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle braking system includes a primary system including at least one pneumatic brake pipe control valve, and a secondary back-up system configured to facilitate vehicle braking without human intervention. The secondary back-up system includes a first air reservoir coupled to supply pressurized air to the at least one pneumatic brake pipe control valve, a second air reservoir, a choke adapted to allow airflow at a specified airflow rate, and a solenoid valve adapted to selectively couple and decouple the first air reservoir and the second air reservoir via the choke, according to an energization state of the solenoid valve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rail vehicle brake system comprising a conditioning device, having at least one disc brake per axle, the conditioning device having a control device. The conditioning device is formed having at least one wagon control unit and at least one coupling unit for selective actuation of the at least one disc brake per axle. The invention further relates to a conditioning device and to a method for operating a conditioning device, and to a method for deicing and/or for preventing icing of a brake unit of a rail vehicle brake system.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling energy regeneration variably capable of performing a variable control based on a deceleration event discrimination using a map information input as well as a driver's operation may include a controller configured to change a preset energy regeneration stage variably to a corresponding regenerative braking control by sensing an event for an energy regeneration stage and perform the corresponding regenerative braking control, and a generator configured to generate power according to the regenerative braking control.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a vehicle body and road wheels that are connected to the vehicle body. A propulsion system is operable to independently control propulsion torque to each of the road wheels. A steering system is operable to independently control a steering angle of each of the road wheels. A braking system that is operable to independently control braking torque to each of the road wheels. An active suspension system regulates motion of the road wheels with respect to the vehicle body by independently controlling application of force to each of the road wheels. A vehicle control module is operable to determine a desired chassis-level motion, determine a control strategy to achieve the desired chassis-level motion, and output commands to each of the propulsion system, the steering system, the braking system, and the active suspension system to achieve the desired chassis-level motion.

Abstract: Provided is a control apparatus for a four-wheel-drive vehicle configured to, when a degree of transmission of a driving force to a side of rear wheels is smaller than a predetermined degree, calculate a correction value for a wheel speed based on a rotation-related value, and calculate a wheel speed through use of the rotation-related value and the correction value.

Abstract: A master cylinder and an electronic brake system including the same are disclosed. The master cylinder includes a cylinder body connected to a reservoir and provided with a bore, one end of which is opened in a longitudinal direction, a piston configured to be movable forward and backward within the bore, and at least one master chamber configured to discharge a master chamber in response to a displacement of the piston. The master cylinder includes a pedal simulator provided in the bore. The pedal simulator is spaced apart from the piston by a predetermined distance, is directly pressurized by a brake pedal, and thus provides reaction force. The simulation chamber is formed in the bore, and is separated from the master chamber by the pedal simulator. The simulation passage connects the simulation chamber to the master chamber. The simulation valve is provided in the simulation passage, and controls flow of a pressing medium in response to an opening/closing operation thereof.

Abstract: A method for performing a parking brake application process in a motor vehicle with a service brake and a parking brake includes combining a hydraulic force component and a mechanical force component to obtain a total clamping force for the parking brake application process. The two force components are combined in each parking brake application process.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a pair of electric machines each coupled to a laterally-opposing wheel to output a wheel torque. The vehicle also includes a controller programmed to command a combined regenerative braking torque output of the electric machines based on a lesser of a braking torque limit of each individual electric machine. The controller is also programmed to command a regenerative braking torque from each electric machine to be within a predetermined torque threshold of each other in response to a yaw rate exceeding a yaw threshold.

Abstract: A braking system is described for a vehicle, including a master brake cylinder, a first brake circuit with a first storage chamber, a first wheel brake cylinder, and a second wheel brake cylinder, the first wheel brake cylinder being hydraulically connected to the first storage chamber via a first wheel outlet valve, and the second wheel brake cylinder being hydraulically connected to the first storage chamber via a second wheel outlet valve, and including a second brake circuit with a second storage chamber, a third wheel brake cylinder, and a fourth wheel brake cylinder, the third wheel brake cylinder being hydraulically connected to the second storage chamber via a third wheel outlet valve, and the fourth wheel brake cylinder being hydraulically connected to the second storage chamber via a fourth wheel outlet valve. The first wheel outlet valve and the third wheel outlet valve are in each case continuously adjustable valves. Moreover, also described is a method for operating a braking system of a vehicle.

Abstract: In the present invention, a brake device is equipped with: differential pressure control valves; pressure adjusting units which are connected to the differential pressure control valves through liquid passages; and a control device which controls the WC pressure Pwc in wheel cylinders by operating the differential pressure control valves and the pressure adjusting units. When predetermined suppression control permission conditions are satisfied while both the supply pumps of the pressure adjusting units and the differential pressure control valves are in operation, the control device performs self-excited vibration suppression control over the differential pressure control valves, the self-excited vibration suppression control being carried out in such a manner that a valve element separated from a valve seat is caused to abut on the valve seat, and, upon abutting on the valve seat, the valve element is separated from the valve seat.

Abstract: A parking brake device for a utility vehicle includes at least one control valve device, at least one relay valve, at least one pneumatic brake device and at least one trailer control module. The relay valve is controllable by the control valve device, and at least the pneumatic brake device can be actuated by the relay valve. Upstream of the trailer control module, another valve includes a first connector, a second connector and a third connector. A second connecting line is connected to the second connector and to the control valve device. A third connecting line is connected to the third connector and to the trailer control module. A first connecting line is connected to the first connector and to a first line arranged downstream of the relay valve.

Abstract: The present invention provides a braking control apparatus capable of preventing or reducing a change in a deceleration of a vehicle. The braking control apparatus is configured to change a braking force to be generated by a frictional braking device so as to achieve a calculated target braking force, and generate a braking force corresponding to a difference between the braking force to be generated by the frictional braking device and the target braking force with use of an electric braking device, when a predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: An electronically slip-controllable vehicle braking system for a motor vehicle, including an actuatable brake master cylinder, to which at least one wheel brake that is associated with one wheel of a front axle of the vehicle, and at least one wheel brake that is associated with one wheel of a rear axle of the motor vehicle, are detachably connected. An electronically controllable first actuator suite of the braking system establishes and regulates mutually differing brake pressures in the wheel brakes as a function of the respectively existing slip conditions. An electronically controllable second actuator suite establishes and regulates a uniform brake pressure at the wheel brakes, and a third actuator suite limits the brake pressure generated by the second actuator suite at the at least one wheel brake associated with the wheel of the rear axle. Electronic control application to the actuator suites is accomplished via an electronic control device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus for controlling a vehicle and method thereof.

Abstract: An actuating device for a motor vehicle brake may include an actuating apparatus, such as a brake pedal; a pressure-supply device, such as a single- or double-stroke piston pump, which may be driven by an electromotive drive; a piston-cylinder unit actuable by the actuating apparatus, hydraulically connected to a pressure medium reservoir, and forming at least two pressure spaces connected to hydraulic brake circuits; a valve arrangement having valves for wheel-specific adjustment of brake pressures and for connecting/disconnecting the wheel brakes to/from the pressure-supply device and/or the piston-cylinder unit; and an electronic control unit. An axis of the piston-cylinder unit and an axis of the piston pump may be arranged transversely with respect to each other. The piston-cylinder unit and the pressure supply unit may be arranged in a first housing, and the electromotive drive, the first housing, the valve arrangement, and the electronic control unit may be stacked.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a battery is provided. The battery includes one or more electrode stack. The one or more electrode stack includes an electrolyte layer, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer. The electrolyte layer includes an electrolyte and a carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt. The first electrode layer includes a first active material and a carboxymethylcellulose ammonium salt. The second electrode layer includes a second active material and a first binder soluble in an organic solvent. The first electrode layer is bound to a first surface of the electrolyte layer. The second electrode layer is bound to a second surface of the electrolyte layer on a reverse side to the first surface.

Abstract: A valve system includes an isolation check valve delivering pneumatic fluid as a supply pressure, a double-check valve adapted to deliver a braking demand control signal of the pneumatic fluid based on a higher of a first braking demand in a first pneumatic braking circuit and a second braking demand in a second pneumatic braking circuit, and a control module. The control module is adapted to receive the supply pressure as a control module supply pressure of the pneumatic fluid, receive a control module control pressure of the pneumatic fluid based on the braking demand control signal, and deliver a control module delivery pressure of the pneumatic fluid based on the control module supply pressure and the control module control pressure. A tractor protection module delivers the pneumatic fluid at the control module delivery pressure based on a trailer park brake pressure of the pneumatic fluid.

Abstract: A regenerative braking system separate from a friction braking system of a vehicle is disclosed. According to certain embodiments, the regenerative braking system may include at least one actuator and a controller. The controller may be configured to: determine whether an accelerator pedal is depressed; when the accelerator pedal is depressed, determine an amount of regenerative braking based on behavior of the accelerator pedal; when the accelerator pedal is not depressed, determine the amount of regenerative braking based on motion of the vehicle; and control the at least one actuator to generate the determined amount of regenerative braking.

Abstract: A hydraulic unit of an electronic control brake system is disclosed. The hydraulic unit of the electronic control brake system includes a modulator block having a plurality of accommodating bores in which a plurality of valves and pressure sensors coupled to a master cylinder to control braking hydraulic pressure supplied towards vehicle wheels are installed. Passages connecting between the accommodating bores are formed in the modulator block, and the passages are formed to be divided into two layers.

Abstract: Even when downstream stiffness in a brake hydraulic circuit changes due to variation in a caliper forming a part of a wheel cylinder, temperature, wear degree, and deterioration of a frictional pad, and/or the like, a brake control apparatus performs calculation processing for calculating a switching reference operation amount, switching operation amount deviation calculation processing for calculating a deviation from the switching reference operation amount, operation amount offset processing for offsetting a pedal operation amount detected by an operation amount detection unit, target hydraulic pressure calculation processing for calculating the target hydraulic pressure with use of the offset operation amount and a reference hydraulic characteristic, and control of the electric motor (21) according to the target hydraulic pressure.