Abstract: A quartet of parallel coupled planar triodes is removably mounted in a quadrahedron shaped PCB structure. Releasable brackets and flexible means attached to each triode socket make triode cathode and grid contact with respective conductive coatings on the PCB and a detachable cylindrical conductive element enclosing and contacting the triode anodes jointly permit quick and easy replacement of faulty triodes. By such orientation, the quad pulser can convert a relatively low and broad pulse into a very high and narrow pulse.

Abstract: In a motorized vehicle having an electrical system, a common ground, a horn, a battery, an electronic control module, and a key switch, an antitheft device, and a method of installing the same, the device including a first switch connected to the vehicle engine, a momentary switch for disengaging the vehicle engine, and a first relay for energizing the first switch when the momentary switch is in a closed position such that the vehicle engine can only be engaged after the User has closed the momentary switch.

Abstract: The electric source control device of an internal combustion engine drive vehicle according to the present invention is characterized in that it consists of a primary battery (1) and a secondary battery (2) which are mounted on the internal combustion engine drive vehicle, which are provided with a common terminal (3) of (+) polarity and two independent terminals (4, 5) of (-) polarity and which supply an engine starter and loads with electricity, and a control circuit in which when an engine switch (9) is not connected with the starting point the terminal (4) of (-) polarity of the primary battery (1) is disconnected from that (5) of the secondary battery (2) to make only one of both the batteries and in which when the engine switch (9) is connected with the starting point both the batteries (1, 2) supply the engine starter (6) and the loads in parallel with electricity, either of the terminals (4, 5) of (-) polarity of both the batteries (1, 2) being connected with the terminals of (+) polarity of the engin

Abstract: An antitheft device for a vehicle such as a motorcycle or an automobile for preventing theft of the vehicle by controlling the ignition system of the vehicle. The antitheft device includes a power supply, an ignition device for starting the vehicle's engine, an ignition switch having a switch mechanism for opening and closing a power circuit between the power supply and ignition device and an antitheft unit. The ignition switch includes a mechanical locking mechanism for selectively preventing the normal steering operation of the vehicle as well as sensors for detecting the removal or destruction of the switch mechanism or the mechanical locking mechanism. The antitheft unit causes a first disablement condition in response to an input signal where at least a part of the ignition device is disabled and causes a second disablement condition in response to the detection of an abnormality by the sensors where at least a part of the ignition device is disabled.

Abstract: A device for supplying power to and monitoring an electric fence, comprising a means connected to an energy source generating high-voltage pulses, a system for digital an electric quantity and a display device, and an alarm circuit.The digital system comprises a microprogrammed electronic integrated digital circuit which, by means of software, analyzes the status of the fence line and/or its degree of insulation on the basis of the data pertaining to the pulses transmitted along the fence line and/or the data relating to the return pulses sent by a transponder. The digitizing system then sends the results of these analyses to the display device, and transmits data to the alarm circuit via a data transmission channel comprising an electrical insulation.

Abstract: Vehicle security protection system provides anti-theft security system for the voluntary vehicle vacate situation, regardless of whether the engine is running. When a thief trips the armed system, the engine ignition circuit is instantaneously and continuously broken at the vehicle's engine ignition module. The system is difficult to hot-wire or to reset. An anti-hijack security protection system is also provided which can interface with the anti-theft system. Either system can be "armed" regardless of engine status. However, the user must be in the vehicle before arming the anti-hijack system because the door/courtesy light circuit is used as the trigger circuit for engine kill. A time delay is provided in the anti-hijack mode to cause the thief to commit to public actions and to give the owner time to escape from the hijack scene. In either mode, when the system is tripped, the fuel gauge indicates an empty tank condition.

Abstract: A solid-state pulse generator for use in determining the output of a gas volume meter. A sensor detects a change in a magnetic field with rotation of a gas meter element and generates an electrical output pulse. A MOSFET switch having output terminals is coupled to the sensor for forming a closed circuit between the output terminals when the pulse is generated by the sensor thereby enabling a data collection circuit coupled to the MOSFET output terminals.

Abstract: A system is provided for use with an automotive vehicle having a normally disabled ignition system. Each driver license is encoded with indicia, such as a magnetic strip, indicative of the identity of the driver. This driver's license is inserted into a reader container in the vehicle which then generates an identification signal representative of the identity of the driver's license. A microprocessor then compares the identification signal from the driver's license with prerecorded computer memory representative of the authorized driver(s) for the vehicle. When the driver's license identification signal matches the stored data in memory, the microprocessor generates an output signal which enables the vehicle ignition system. Alternatively, when the driver's license identification signal does not match the stored data, a radio transmitter transmits the driver's license identification signal to a central station which compares this signal against stored data representative of a plurality of different drivers.

Abstract: An antitheft apparatus for an automotive vehicle comprises: a transponder (1) buried in an ignition key to store an ID number thereof; a receive unit (2) to receive the ID number of the ignition key inserted into the ignition key cylinder; an immobilizer unit (3) for outputting an engine start enable signal when the received ID number matches one of the stored ID numbers and not outputting the engine start enable signal when does not match; and an engine control unit (5) for enabling an engine drive in response to the reception of the engine start enable signal but disabling the engine drive in response to no reception of the engine start enable signal. In particular, the engine drive unit (5) keeps the immobilizer unit (3) inoperative for a predetermined time duration when the engine cranking operation is detected and allows the immobilizer unit (3) to be operative after the predetermined time has elapsed.

Abstract: A protective device for a lighting system to be used for a motor vehicle constituting a power supply and a light source energized with the power from the power supply. The power to be supplied to the light source is controlled by a driver. The driver is input with either a signal from a PWM pulse generator or a signal from a fixed duty pulse generator for the control of power to be supplied to the light source, and the changeover of these pulse generators is operated based on a detection signal from a voltage detector which monitors the voltage of the power supply.

Abstract: A pulse generator is composed of switch means to switch supply of a first current through a circuit, a first condenser connected to the switch means in series and primary charged by the first current, voltage raising means having a primary winding serially connected to the first condenser and a secondary winding to obtain voltage output by the first current, magnetic switch means of current flow switchable having a primary winding serially connected to the secondary winding of the voltage raising means and a secondary winding, a second condenser connected to the secondary winding of the magnetic switch means and charged by the output therefrom, and discharging means connected to the second condenser to generate pulse discharge when charged voltage of the second condenser is applied thereto by switching the magnetic switch means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for varying the characteristics of an output signal of a current generator based on the impedance of a load to which the output signal is applied. The current generator contains first and second voltage inputs and outputs the output signal based on a voltage difference applied across the first and second voltage inputs. The first voltage input receives an externally applied input voltage, and the second voltage input receives the output of a comparator which has a negative input for inputting the external input voltage and a positive input for inputting the output voltage of the current generator. Based on the above configuration, if the load of the impedance is relatively small, the voltage of the output signal is less than the externally applied input voltage, and the comparator outputs zero volts to the second voltage input. Thus, the current value of the signal output by the current generator is dependent upon the external input voltage.

Abstract: A contactor control system for a DC electric power system for reducing contactor tip contamination from dry-switching includes a first switch connected in circuit between a power source and a controller for enabling the controller upon closure of the first switch. A PTC resistor is connected between the first switch and a filter capacitor whereby charging current is supplied to the capacitor upon closure of the first switch. A solid-state switch is connected in series circuit with an electromagnetic actuator of a contactor having power contact tips in circuit between the power source and a load. The series combination of the actuator and solid-state switch is connected in parallel circuit with the filter capacitor.

Abstract: A transition time converter for a pulse having steep slopes includes a coil in a series path between an input terminal and an output terminal, as well as a capacitor and a resistor in a shunt path between an input terminal and a reference potential. This transition time converter provides considerably improved reflection characteristics, as compared to prior art transition time converters, while substantially reducing the slopes of the pulses supplied to a load. The coil, capacitor and resistor have values such that the impedance seen by the source looking into the converter is ##EQU1## where R.sub.Z is the output resistance of the source, L is the inductance of the coil and C is the capacitance of the capacitor.

Abstract: An anti-hijacking and theft prevention device for motor vehicles having a fuel restricting solenoid valve assembly including an interchangeable solenoid operated fuel restricting valve and a circuit for operating the system. The solenoid operated fuel restricting valve is installed in the vehicle's fuel line. When the ignition key is inserted into the ignition switch of a vehicle and turned to the "on" position and the engine is started, a timer will start to count down from a predetermined period of time. If the system is not disabled by activating a hidden switch during the count down period, the solenoid operated fuel restricting valve moves from an open position to a closed position. The solenoid valve has a small valve orifice which allows only a small restricted amount of fuel to flow through the valve assembly in the fuel line. While the amount of fuel is sufficient to keep the engine from stalling, the vehicle will be capable of a speed of no more than 5 to 10 miles per hour.

Abstract: Pedal mounted sensors are useful in vehicles for delivering an electrical signal correlative to the position of the pedal position. A pulse-width-modulated signals is preferable because it is less susceptible to signal degradation from engine noise or other factors. A pedal mount sensor capable of measuring a plurality of different angle ranges is disclosed. A stationary portion of the potentiometer includes both a mother board and a daughter board to improve manufacturability of the potentiometer. An application specific integrated circuit is substituted for direct pulse-width-modulation circuitry that permits a second, redundant circuit to be included within the potentiometer housing.

Abstract: An anti-theft system for an automobile includes a microprocessor-based control module that enables operation of solenoids for the power circuits of the car only if a proper identification code is entered by a data entry device and the automobile's ignition switch is sequenced through its positions. The anti-theft device further includes operating a serial switch placed in a critical electrical circuit for the engine, and data communications capability with electronic controls for the engine and other systems on the automobile so as to limit or to disable their function.

Abstract: An energizing circuit for a permanent magnet internal combustion starter motor having a pull-in coil, a hold-in coil and plunger contacts connected to a single terminal which is switchable between a direct current power source and ground which are magnetically independent.

Abstract: A control circuit arrangement for controlling the after-running of an operating device in a motor vehicle is described, with which after shutting off the ignition the operating device is provided with voltage for a certain time interval by an associated voltage regulator and a switching means including a transistor. The shut off of the voltage provided to the operating device occurs by changing the input potential of the voltage regulator. Otherwise without the arrangement of the invention an external or internal relay is needed to switch off the voltage. In various embodiment the potential change at the control input of the voltage regulator can be controlled by electronic hardware devices or by a microprocessor under the control of software.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel speed sensor has a rotor 11 provided with a series of circumferentially spaced rotor elements 12 mounted on a wheel axle 10. A sensor 13 mounted on a relatively non-rotatable support is influenced by passage of the rotor elements to output a sine wave signal. The sine wave signal is fed for processing to an interface unit 15 on the vehicle and pulses are generated at at least two predetermined phases of each cycle of the sine wave. A method of producing marker pulses by detecting the zero cross-over points and the peaks and troughs of a sine wave signal, and generating a marker pulse at each zero cross-over point and at each peak and trough of the sine wave signal is also described.

Abstract: An anti-hijacking and anti-theft vehicle security protection system is designed to permit, in the anti-hijacker function, the hijacker to drive off with the vehicle but within about two minutes the engine will be partially disabled to permit maneuvering the vehicle out of traffic to the side of the road. A few minutes later, the engine will be totally disabled and signalling devices can be activated. The system employs two overlapped timers under control of a sensor relay. A reset button under control of an authorized user can deenergize the sensor relay to return the system to normal. Also included within the design is anti-theft protection for an unattended vehicle which can be selected to function in any one of 3 conditions, one condition being the anti-hijacking function. In the second condition, operation of the vehicle is first partially disabled and then completely shut off. In the third condition, the vehicle cannot be started, and hazard lights and alarm are activated.

Abstract: A converter includes a feed source furnishing a medium-frequency feed voltage of constant frequency and amplitude, a coupling element and a scanning head for producing an output signal as a function of a position of the coupling element relative to the scanning head. The scanning head includes a shell core of magnetic material having a middle leg and a cup-shaped jacket concentrically surrounding the middle leg, the cup-shaped jacket having an outer surface; a primary winding being wound around the outer surface of the jacket and connected to the feed source; and a secondary winding wound around the middle leg. The primary winding and the secondary winding are connected in opposite directions in series for supplying alternating voltages at the windings forming a differential voltage having a phase relationship relative to the feed voltage determining the output signal. A load having constant, accurately reproducible properties is coupled to the magnetic flux by means of the middle leg.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic starting and stopping apparatus for an engine, which prolongs the lives of mechanical components such as a starter motor and which is applicable also to automatic vehicles. The automatic starting and stopping apparatus for an engine comprises a vehicle-to-vehicle distance sensor 29, which detects whether the distance from the preceding vehicle is less than a preset value, a signal color identifying and detecting device 30, which identifies whether the lit color of the signal is yellow or red, a car speed sensor 15, and a control circuit 31, which performs automatic start and stop of the engine in accordance with the detection results of the vehicle-to-vehicle distance sensor 29 and the signal color identifying and detecting apparatus 30.

Abstract: A dynamic realtime management system for a powered vehicle includes a microprocessor for sensing realtime parameters related to the condition of the powered vehicle. A plurality of input sensors are connected to components of the powered vehicle to transmit condition information to the microprocessor. A memory stores the sensed values of the realtime parameters and the programs for defining relationships between certain of the sensed values of the realtime parameters. A display produces a humanly perceivable signal related to the condition information. The microprocessor is connected to the display to transmit a condition output to the display. The microprocessor is programmed to determine continuously and automatically a plurality of unknown values relative to the conditions of the powered vehicle as a function of the sensed values of the realtime parameters. The microprocessor produces an interaction indication result for determining the status of the components of the powered vehicle.

Abstract: A device for charging PFLs (Pulse Forming Lines) on a time scale of a few nanoseconds. The device includes a source transmission line (STL) connected through a switch to a pulse forming transmission line. The source line is initially charged while the PFL is uncharged, and the switch is open. The impedance of the STL is larger than the impedance of the PFL. In operation when the switch is closed, energy flows from the source line to the PFL. As the energy and voltage build on the PFL, an output switch closes and delivers the energy of the PFL to the output transmission line section. The impedance of the output transmission line section is matched to the PFL impedance so that all of the energy in the PFL flows into the output section in the form of a pulse.

Abstract: A direct current power transducer for driving alternating current devices utilizes a discharge tube connected across a current source, the construction of the tube and characteristics of the source being such as to maintain endogenous pulsed abnormal gas discharge within the tube. The tube is capacitatively coupled to an external load including an alternating current device, typically an electric motor. Electric motors of the asynchronous induction or synchronous types are particularly suitable, but other alternating current devices may be used. By adjustments to the current source, the capacitance in parallel with the discharge tube, and connections to auxiliary electrodes, the pulse repetition frequency of the discharge may be adjusted, thus allowing variable speed control of types of alternating current motor not normally amenable to such control.

Abstract: A high voltage pulse generator for providing a high voltage pulse across a dielectric switch comprises a main high voltage pulse generator, an energy storing pulse forming line connected at one end to the main pulse generator and connected at the other end to an electrode of the dielectric switch, a high voltage trigger pulse generator and a ferrite loaded shock line. The ferrite loaded shock line, preferably located within the pulse forming line (or within a line on the output side of the switch), is connected at one end to the trigger pulse generator via a coaxial inner conductor and connected at the other end to a trigger electrode located within the dielectric switch. The pulse forming line enables a high voltage pulse to build up on the electrode of the dielectric switch, the trigger pulse having its edges sharpened by the shock line and triggering a discharge across a dielectric to an output line. This produces an extremely fast, high voltage pulse, e.g., for radar transmitter.

Abstract: An operator identification system utilizes "dead" switches, such as window actuating switches which have no control function until such time as a vehicle ignition is turned on, for identifying a particular vehicle operator. The inactive switch contact closure is detected by an electrical circuit which also tests to determine whether the ignition is off and if it is, the window switch closure provides an operator identification signal to a vehicle microprocessor for identifying a particular driver and preset option functions associated with that driver.

Abstract: A high voltage/high current electric pulse generator. Spark gap switches (E1, E2, E3) having a trigger electrode are connected to a trigger control circuit (CD). Switch (E1) is connected between the outer conductor of cable (C2) and an inner conductor of cable (C1). Switch (E2) is connected between the outer conductor of cable (C3) and the inner conductor of cable (C2). Switch (E3) is connected between output terminal (S) and the internal conductor of coaxial cable (C3). The outer conductor of cable (C1) is connected to ground and voltage source (SHT) is connected to internal conductors of the cables. The source charges cables (C1, C2, C3) in parallel when switches (E1, E2, E3) are off. A first ballast resistor (r) is connected between the first electrode and the trigger electrode. Load resistor (R6) is connected between the output terminal(S) and the external conductor of cable (C3). Resistor (R5) is connected between the outer conductor of cable (C 3) and the outer conductor of cable (C2).

Abstract: An integrated Marx generator circuit is constructed in one assembly from a housing with two oil-filled cavities. First and second capacitors each include two sets of spaced apart capacitor plates. The first and second capacitors are formed in the separate cavities. The space between the capacitor plates are filled with oil and insulating material. A set of four spark gap switches control the charging and discharging of the generator circuit.

Abstract: A security system for a vehicle of the type having an engine with a starting switch movable between an OFF position and an engine START position includes an alarm module for disabling the engine and/or sounding an alarm in the event of an intrusion into the vehicle. Activating means activate the alarm module either automatically when the vehicle operator leaves the vehicle or in response to a signal from a transmitter in the operator's possession. The alarm module can be disarmed or deactivated without the transmitter by turning the engine starting switch from its OFF to its START position a selected number of times. A time delay may also be incorporated into the system so the disarm code may be a selected number of start attempts in combination with a selected time delay(s) before, during or after those attempts have been made.

Abstract: An automatic start/stop apparatus for an automobile including a timer (22) adapted to activate or deactivate a circuit designed to turn on the accessory circuit (42), the ON circuit (44) and the start circuit (50) of an automobile. An oil pressure switch (48) is adapted to stop the starter motor once the engine is running. If the engine failed to start, a solid state timer (46) is adapted to allow cranking of the starter motor only for a preselected amount of time. A hood switch (24) is included to prevent the device from operating when the hood is opened for maintenance. A park switch (26) is also included to stop the device from operating, to prevent unauthorized person to drive away the vehicle.

Abstract: A waveform generator suitable for use in the testing of instrument landing systems comprising: a first generator (1) for generating digitally a first waveform comprising the superposition of a second waveform (19) of a first frequency and a third waveform (21) of a second frequency; a second generator (3) for generating digitally a fourth waveform comprising the superposition of a fifth waveform (25 or 27) comprising a phase reversed version of one (19 or 21) of said second (19) and third (21) waveforms of the frequency of said one waveform (19 or 21) and a sixth waveform (23 or 29) in phase with and of the frequency of the other one (19 or 21) of said second (19) and third (21) waveforms; and a circuit (7) for combining said first and fourth waveforms thereby to produce a waveform suitable for said use.

Abstract: An automatic locking and unlocking unit for a vehicle will lock the doors of the vehicle when the ignition is turned on and will eventually unlock the doors when the ignition is turned off. The unit senses voltage levels in the wires attached to the ignition lock and then activates the appropriate functional circuit to either lock or unlock the doors.

Abstract: An automatic vehicle starter in which a temperature sensor may sense a temperature of the engine. The vehicle starter may then remotely crank a starter motor of the vehicle. The duration of time that the starter motor is cranked will be based on the sensed temperature. In this way, a vehicle can be cranked for an appropriate amount of time without requiring any tachometer sensing operation. Also, to insure that the vehicle has been properly started, after a signal to remotely start the vehicle is transmitted, a first battery voltage is measured. Then, the ignition to the vehicle is turned on so that all turned on accessories will have power supplied thereto. A battery voltage is then again measured, this battery voltage representing the battery voltage with a load applied thereto from the turned on accessories having power supplied thereto. The vehicle is then automatically started.

Abstract: A guide hole 16b is formed in the insulation cap 16 of a starter motor electromagnetic switch, and a coil terminal 30 inserted through the guide hole has one or more projections 30b formed at a location corresponding to the guide hole so that the projections are wedged against an inner surface of the hole, thus preventing any resonant vibrations of the terminal and the attendant severing of its attached lead wire 1a.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for a motor vehicle wherein a solenoid valve is interposed in an air breather pipe by which fuel vaporized in a fuel tank is introduced into a canister, and the solenoid valve is opened by an ON signal of a fuel flap switch which turns ON when a fuel flap is opened, so as to bring the air breather pipe into communication from the fuel tank to the canister, thereby permitting the fuel tank to be fueled; a safety circuit for a fuel supply system of a motor vehicle comprising the fact that a solenoid valve driving circuit which extends from a power source to an earth through the fuel flap switch as well as the solenoid valve is provided with a first relay of normally-closed type to turn OFF in an ON state of a boost switch which turns ON when a stop of an engine is detected in an ON state of an ignition key switch, and that an ignition coil driving circuit which extends from the power source to the earth through the ignition key switch as well as an ignition coil is provided with a second

Abstract: An apparatus for producing an electrical impulse comprising a tube made of superconducting material; a source of magnetic flux is mounted about one end of the tube; a means for intercepting the flux is mounted along the tube; and a means for changing the temperature of the superconductor is mounted about the tube. As the tube is progressively made superconducting, the magnetic field is trapped within the tube and in so doing creates an electrical impulse in the means for intercepting. A reversal of the superconducting state produces a second pulse.

Abstract: A method of automatically starting and stopping an engine of a truck to conserve fuel while maintaining the engine in a ready-to-start condition, and while controlling the temperature of a truck sleeper unit. The method includes the steps of selecting predetermined system parameters via a password accessible interactive program, providing a first switch for selecting an automatic engine start-stop operating mode, providing a second switch for selecting an automatic temperature control mode for the truck sleeper unit, and providing safety apparatus which indicates when the truck engine may be safely operated in the automatic engine start-stop operating mode. The method further includes the step of overriding the ignition switch control of the engine in response to a predetermined condition when the first switch selects the automatic operating mode and the safety apparatus indicates the truck engine may be safely operated in the automatic operating mode.

Abstract: Circuitry for testing the ability of an intermediate range nuclear instrut to detect and measure a constant current and a periodic current pulse. The invention simulates the resistance and capacitance of the signal connection of a nuclear instrument ion chamber detector and interconnecting cable. An LED flasher/oscillator illuminates an LED at a periodic rate established by a timing capacitor and circuitry internal to the flasher/oscillator. When the LED is on, a periodic current pulse is applied to the instrument. When the LED is off, a constant current is applied. An inductor opposes battery current flow when the LED is on.

Abstract: A compact transportable electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generating system for generating and transmitting EMPs at a target vehicle to disrupt electronics controlling operation of the target vehicle. The system comprises a power conditioning unit for applying a high voltage signal to a pulse generator after safety and security interlocks have been satisfied and a user actuated command received by the conditioning unit from a system control unit. The system control unit also generates a fire control trigger pulse for actuating the pulse generator and a oscillator trigger unit. After a predetermined time delay the trigger unit actuates an oscillator primed by the output of the pulse generator to transmit a series of pulses to a radiating system via an impedance matching transmission line. The radiating system radiates the EMPs having characteristics which will disable electronics in a target vehicle.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for generating a high DC voltage utilizes a voltage multiplier cascade which requires two alternating, non-overlapping pulse trains which are generated by a pulse generator. For given applications, for example, contactless chip cards, the supply voltage is derived from an ac voltage induced into a coil and rectified by means of a bridge rectifier. This gives rise to a voltage drop. When the pulse generator operates utilizing the supply voltage, the amplitude of the output pulses is lower, i.e. a further voltage drop occurs. Therefore, in order to overcome this limitation, the pulse generator does not derive the pulses for feeding the cascade from the rectified operating voltage, but directly from the ac voltage. This results in a higher amplitude and a better efficiency. Another feature includes the blocking of the pulse generator so that it does not represent a load to the ac voltage.

Abstract: A drive positioning apparatus which comprises at least one motor for driving a seat or a steering wheel shaft, a preset memory for memorizing operating data of the motor, a memory drive circuit for actuating the motor automatically according to the memorized data, a manual switch for actuating the motor manually, an ignition switch provided with a KEY contact, an IGN contact and an ACC contact for supplying electric power to electrical equipment which is so structured as to change to its OFF-state interlockingly by an ON-operation of a ST contact used for actuating an engine starter motor, and a control mechanism for prohibiting the automatic actuation of the motor in a case where predetermined time elapses after the ACC contact changes to the OFF-state from its ON-state while the motor is being actuated automatically.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for editing, or processing the output signal of a speed sensor (5) includes a trigger circuit (1, 22), the changeover points or "hysteresis" of which are controllable, with the circuit configuration being furnished with circuits for determining the coupling factor (k), and with circuits for adjusting the hysteresis in response to the coupling factor. The coupling factor (k)--multiplied by the frequency of the sensor signal corresponding to the speed--forms the amplitude of the sensor output signal. With the coupling factor (k) being high, the hysteresis will be high, while it will be low with a low coupling factor.

Abstract: To minimize injury during electrofishing while inducing a high degree of electrotaxis, a packet of DC pulses having sharp leading edges and preferably an exponential or square decay are transmitted under water between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode several times each second to stimulate contraction of the red muscle tissues and bring about electrotaxis without inducing epileptic seizure of the white muscle tissues of fish and thereby avoiding injury to the fish.

Abstract: In a vehicle in which the engine is started from a battery and in which a safety interlock prevents starting if the transmission is not in neutral, the safety interlock is of a type that latches into a condition that enables cranking to continue even when the battery voltage becomes so low that some of the control circuits would not work properly. The interlock is latched when a start command occurs if the transmission is in neutral and the clutch is disengaged. The interlock remains latched until the start command ceases. Limited automatic control of the engine's throttle can also be provided during cranking. If desired, the safe status of the transmission and clutch can continue to be monitored during the cranking and the interlock can be unlatched if the transmission or clutch becomes engaged.

Abstract: Power supplies for generating a stream of electrical pulses in which successive pulses have opposite polarities. The pulses are formed and outputted from pulse generating circuitry which has two complementary pairs of MOSFETs arranged in an H-bridge configuration. Other major components of the power supply are voltage regulators for supplying positive and negative operating pulses with selected, precisely controlled voltages to the driver and watchdog circuits for disenabling the pulse outputting circuitry if: the frequency of the operating pulses deviate from a selected range, the widths of the operating pulses exceed a selected maximum, extraneous pulses are present, or the voltage of the operating pulses falls below or exceeds selected maximums. In one important application, the power supply is employed to drive the emitter of an infrared radiation source.

Abstract: A device for supplying voltage to at least one consuming device in a motor vehicle including two parallel generators, two voltage regulators associated with each of the generators, two batteries each connected with one of the voltage regulators, a starter switch connected with at least one of the batteries and the voltage regulators, a charge control lamp for signalling connected with the starter switch and the voltage regulators, switching device for electrically connecting and disconnecting the consuming device or devices, and devices for controlling the voltage regulators so that during starting the charge control lamp indicates starting and the switching device disconnects the consuming devices and if a defect occurs in either generator-voltage regulator system, the charge control light lights and the consuming device or devices is (or are) supplied with current, even if, for example, one of the generators fails.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for preventing unauthorized operation of an engine of a motorized vehicle having a cellular telephone whereby certain DTMF tones must be generated on the cellular telephone prior to the engine of a motor vehicle being operational.

Abstract: A resonant charging circuit for the charging of a pulse-forming network from a voltage source is provided with a first serial circuit provided with a first switch, an inductor and a first diode for charging the pulse-forming network. The charging circuit is further provided with a second serial circuit provided with a second diode, the inductor, a third diode, and a second switch for feeding excess energy, stored into the inductor, back to the voltage source. Opening and closing of the first and second switches takes place under the control of a control unit.