Abstract: A system for distributing power from a detection switch parent device to detection switch child, or slave, devices. The system includes a power supply source for supplying an electric power; the detection switch parent device including, a body portion, an output wire for outputting a detection signal connected to the body portion, and power supply wires connectable to the power supply source, for receiving the electric power; at least one detection switch child device each including, a body portion, and an output wire for outputting a detection signal connected to the body portion; and electrical connection means for electrically connecting the body portions of the detection switch parent device to detection switch child device to one another to transmits the electric power being supplied to the body portion of the detection switch parent device to the body portion of the detection switch child device.

Abstract: An electrical power transmitting system (50) in accordance with the invention includes an alternating current electrical power generator (12) for producing alternating current on an output having a specified maximum; at least one electrical load (22) which is coupled to a point of regulation (16) in the electrical transmitting system; a feeder (14) having a specified maximum voltage drop, a length extending between the output and the point of regulation for transmitting the alternating current to the point of regulation, an inductance having an inductive reactance at a fundamental frequency of the alternating current, a capacitance (54, 66, 80 and 100) in series with the inductance having a capacitive reactance at the fundamental of the frequency of the alternating current which cancels at least part of the inductive reactance at the fundamental frequency of the alternating current to provide a reduced impedance in the feeder at the fundamental frequency of the alternating current to produce a reduced voltage

Abstract: An operation control device for use in an electric power supply system for supplying electric power from one electric power source to a plurality of electric power consuming systems, which can determine based on an outside signal whether or not the electric power consuming systems can proceed to operations includes an output electric power detecting unit for detecting electric power outputted by the electric power source; and a comparison control unit for comparing a detected value of the output electric power detecting unit with a preset reference value to output a comparison signal indicative of a result of the comparison as the outside signal to be supplied to the plural electric power consuming systems. The comparison signal indicating an inoperable state when the detected value exceeds the reference value, whereby the electric power consuming systems are permitted to proceed to steps of their operations or stand by.

Abstract: A parallel redundant power supply system which does not use any inter-unit signaling is obtained by using the AC output power level of a power system to coordinate load sharing. The necessary information for load sharing is derived solely from each power system's output power level in such a manner that the output of a power system is inherently phase locked to the output of other power systems to which it is connected in parallel. Each parallel connected power system designed in accordance with the invention includes means for generating an AC output voltage from a DC input power source, means for sampling either a DC input voltage from the DC input power source or the AC output voltage from the AC output voltage generating means to provide power level samples, and means for determining the AC output power of the AC output voltage generating means from the power level samples.

Abstract: A multiple output level power supply is provided having an overpower detection circuit. The power supply provides multiple DC voltage output levels. A differential amplifier coupled to each DC voltage output level of the power supply is then utilized to generate a signal which is representative of the power output at each of the multiple voltage levels. The output of each differential amplifier is then coupled to a summer which generates a signal representative of the total power output from the multiple outputs of the power supply. A comparison of the total power output signal and a reference signal selected to be representative of the maximum desired power output may then be utilized to efficiently provide an indication of an overpower condition within the power supply.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving electrical loads of a vehicle comprising load switches. Each of the load switches directs a start or a stop of each of the electrical loads. A memory stores a power feeding increase rate for a corresponding one of the electrical loads at a state transition of each of the load switches from an OFF to an ON state. A pair of transistors feeds power to the corresponding one of the electrical loads from a battery on receiving a load driving signal. A central process unit sends the load driving signal to the pair of transistors so that power is fed to the corresponding one of the electrical loads with a power feeding increase rate at the state transition of one of the load switch from an OFF state to an ON state. Thus, because the power fed to the electrical load gradually increases upon starting of the electrical load, AC power does not rapidly increase the power generation, and this prevents engine speed from rapidly increasing.

Abstract: Even when a plurality of dispersed power generation systems are connected to a utility gride, an islanding-operation prevention apparatus can easily and assuredly prevent an islanding operation of each dispersed power supply constituting the corresponding dispersed power generation system. The apparatus includes a breaker provided between the utility gride and a dispersed power supply, an electric-power-value detector for detecting a value of electric power from a power line connected to the utility gride, a switch for electrically connecting or disconnecting an electric-power changing device for changing the value of electric power to the power line in accordance with an output from a pulse circuit, and a controller for controlling the breaker in accordance with the width of fluctuations of the value of electric power during the connection or the disconnection. A dispersed power generation apparatus and a dispersed power generation system uses such an apparatus.

Abstract: A method and system for regulating power delivered to specific appliances or loads which represent but a proportion of the power consumed by different commercial or residential users and in which each appliance or load has variable demands for power consumption, the method and system of the present invention being characterized by measuring the natural run time or average demand of an electrical appliance over a selected real time interval and reducing the run time or average demand of the appliance by an amount directly related to the run-time measurement or average demand measurement of each appliance during periods of peak demand.

Abstract: An electrical circuit has a power source line from a battery. The power source line is divided into a primary side and a secondary side by a device, such as, for example, a diode. A high current load circuit is connected to the primary side and a lower current device, such as, for example, a display-related circuit and a capacitor are connected to the secondary side. The display-related circuit continues to receive adequate power when the battery voltage drops due to operation of the high current load circuit. In addition, a voltage detector is connected to the secondary side, where the voltage fluctuates less than on the primary side. The voltage detector controls operation of the high current load circuit. As a result, the high current load circuit can be efficiently driven.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for balancing shared power supplies or regulating a power supply device includes disposing a transistor (310) in series with a power supply current that is supplied to a load resistor (316) The gate of the transistor (310) is controlled by a control circuit (320) to set the gate-to-source voltage thereon to define a desired current therethrough. The voltage across the transistor (310) is measured with a voltage detector (322) and then a current conversion device (324) is operable to use a look up table to determine from the gate voltage on the transistor (310) what the impedance across the drain-to-source is and then calculate the current. This current is then utilized by the control circuit (320) to control the current through transistor 310. This therefore allows transistor (310) to both provide the control operation and provide the sensing operation, thus eliminating the requirement for a separate sense resistor.

Abstract: A method of reducing the peak load of energy supply network systems to which a number of consumer units, each of which has several consumers, are connected. The power consumption of the consumer units can be limited to a predetermined limiting value. At least some of the consumers of a consumer unit are operated one by one in a sequence controlled by a preselectable coordination program if the power consumption of consumers that are switched on has reached the predetermined limiting value. An apparatus for limiting the power consumption of a consumer unit that includes several consumers and is fed from an energy supply connection, comprises a coordination means that is connected to separating switches which are linked to at least some of the consumers and controls the separating switches via a program in such a way that the power consumption of the energy supply connection does not surpass a predetermined limiting value.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit is operative in a plurality of different modes. A plurality of select signals whose number corresponds to modes selected from a plurality of different modes are outputted. In response to the select signals, it is detected whether at least two operation modes are selected simultaneously. If so, a detection signal is outputted. In response to this detection signal, the operation of the semiconductor integrated circuit is stopped. Further, in response to the select signal, the semiconductor integrated circuit is activated in a mode by means of a predetermined select signal of these select signals. Further, in response to these select signals, the selected mode can be detected.

Abstract: A system and a method for saving power of an output variable apparatus such as an inverter air conditioner. A power demand controlling system includes: a power demand controlling unit for detecting and monitoring constantly an electric current flowing through the domestic lines; and power save controlling unit, connected to the domestic power lines and the output variable apparatus, for sending a power save signal to the apparatus, based on the current monitored by the power demand controlling unit, so that an output of the apparatus is reduced to a minimum value and after the power save signal is cancelled the output is returned gradually and stepwise to an original value.

Abstract: A remote power controller module for use in power distribution systems having a number of current limiting channels that are capable of being paralleled to provide current pathways from a power source to a load. In one embodiment, the current limiting channels may contain control and monitoring circuitry for monitoring the trip status of all channels and for disabling all paralleled channels in response to the disablement of one channel. The control and monitoring circuitry may also reset the disabled current limiting channels. In another embodiment toggle switches may be used to reset the disabled current limiting channels. The current limiting channels may contain circuitry for monitoring the load across the channel and for tripping current a limit switch within the channel. In one embodiment, the circuitry may monitor current flow through the current limit switch. In another embodiment, the circuitry may monitor the current flow through the switch as well as the voltage drop across the switch.

Abstract: A polarity switch changes the direction of DC to various loads in response to a sensed loss of AC and nonessential loads are shed in response to a sensed change in DC polarity at the various loads.

Abstract: There is disclosed a current control apparatus comprising first controllers adapted for detecting an overall or total load current to calculate distribution values for distributing a current margin with respect to an overall or total current limit value to respective air-conditioners; and second controllers adapted for respectively controlling air-conditioners so as not to exceed individual current limit values, and for carrying out an incremental correction of individual current limit values in accordance with distribution values calculated by the first controllers.

Abstract: This invention reduces the ripple component of current in the alternating current to, or direct current from, a common power source providing direct current power to a plurality of switched dc/dc power supplies by controlling the time of occurrence of switching of each of the supplies. Each dc/dc power supply is controlled by a switch pulse from a switching circuit which determines the occurrence and duration of time during which each power supply is switched "on". The time of occurence of the switch pulse of each switching circuit is determined by the application of an individual synchronizing pulse to each switching circuit. The combined effect of the ripple components of currents provided to the switched power supplies is minimized by summing these currents with appropriately phased synchronizing pulses applied to the switching circuits.

Abstract: A current divider circuit includes a node (22) which receives a signal current (I) and divides the signal current (I) between one or more first current paths formed by a first type of impedance element (T1' to TN') and one or more second current paths (28) formed by a type or types of impedance element (21, 22) dissimilar to the first type. Each second current path terminates in an output branch of a current mirror circuit (32). The input branch of each such current mirror circuit is connected to the node (22) via a further current path (30) formed by the first type of impedance element (T0'). The provision of the further current path(s) (30) and current mirror circuit(s) (32) ensures that a predetermined proportion of the total signal current can be made to flow into each current path, even though the second current path(s) (28) may contain arbitrary or unknown impedances. The circuit can also be used to control the voltage at the node (22) as well as dividing the received signal current.

Abstract: The invention concerns the distribution of electric power to several functional units (10, 11, 12) with variable power consumption. A preset limit value (Pmax) of the total power supply which is lower than the sum of the highest possible individual powers (P10, P11, P12) is maintained. By evaluating the total power consumption (I) or the operating voltage (U) of all functional units (10, 11, 12), an increase in the supply current or a drop in operating voltage (U) is used to reduce the supply current (I3) of functional units(12) of a lower importance is favor of the supply current of functional units (11) of a higher importance. This invention is used especially in electrical telephone subscriber's stations that are supplied over the subscriber's line.

Abstract: A current split circuit that includes a multiplying digital to analog converter (DAC) and a controller. The controller establishes a first and second terminal of the DAC at the same potential so that a digital input to the DAC determines the ratio by which a current at a third terminal of the DAC is split between the first and second terminals of the DAC.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for driving from a single AC power supply a plurality of corona chargers and includes a substantially constant-potential power supply and a circuit interconnecting said power supply to the plurality of corona chargers such that a substantially constant average current input is delivered to each of the corona chargers. The circuit includes a capacitor associated with each corona charger between the power supply and the corona charger such that the capacitors charge upon transition of the AC power source, and thereupon discharge through the chargers until the corona onset potential is reached. Upon reaching the onset potential, the corona current is quenched. The capacitors are selected such that quenching occurs after the transition within a time interval less than half the period of the AC power supply so that each capacitor regulates the current output of the associated corona charger.

Abstract: An alternating power supply system is provided with a circuit which employs a transformer having three windings. The primary and secondary windings are wound in the direction upon a magnetically permeable core. A third winding is connected to a load and produces flux in the core in the opposite direction. The magnetic field produced by the third winding proportionally decreases the power input of the primary winding while maintaining the power output of the secondary winding. The circuit thereby reduces the power drain necessary to operate a given load.

Abstract: A network for supplying identical biasing voltages and programmable direct currents to a plurality of mutually similar transceivers, connected across respective transmission lines, is integrated with the associated transceivers in a common semiconductor body and comprises a generator of fixed reference voltage determined by the band gap of the semiconductor. The reference voltage is applied in parallel to the bases of several NPN transistors emitting the same biasing voltage as a result thereof. This reference voltage also drives an NPN pilot transistor lying in series with an external resistor through which it draws a small programmed current. Through two cascaded amplification stages formed by NPN transistors operating in the ECL mode, with the second stage designed as a multiple-output current mirror, the programmed current is stepped up to provide the several direct currents required by the associated transceivers.

Abstract: A power supply for supplying pulsed direct current from a central power source to a plurality of subscriber circuits in a telephone system. The variation of the terminal voltage of the central power supply due to the pulsating load is reduced by shifting the phases of the current pulses supplied to the various subscriber circuits so they are produced in different time intervals relative to each other.

Abstract: A reference branch circuit includes a voltage divider. Each of at least one regulated branch circuits includes the collector-emitter circuit of a regulating transistor and a measuring resistance. Each regulated branch circuit is associated with a comparator, which compares voltage across the measuring resistance of the corresponding regulated branch circuit to a reference voltage appearing at a reference tap of the voltage divider in the reference branch circuit. Current passing through each regulated branch circuit is regulated to be equal to the current flowing through the reference branch circuit.

Abstract: A load control for a system comprised of a plurality of energy converters wherein a System Control Signal proportional to system load is developed and utilized to simultaneously adjust the rate of energy conversion of each of the converters in parallel in accordance with changes in system load. The rate of energy conversion for each converter, while operating under stead-state conditions for a predetermined period of time, is readjusted until its actual incremental cost of production is equal to a desired incremental cost.

Abstract: A circuit is described for controlling voltage input to a pair of resistances. A main transformer and variable auto transformer are wired in cascade between the voltage supply and the resistances. The resistances are wired in series to the output of the variable auto transformer, with the null point between the resistances being connected to the variable tap of the auto transformer.

Abstract: A method and circuit as disclosed herein for varying the current to N electrical loads by the use of SCR's, the arrangement being such that the total current is sinusoidal and of uniform amplitude at a particular setting. The technique involves the steps of generating a load sequence waveform, the period of which is nN full cycles of the ac source where n is any positive integer, and, during each period of the waveform, generating a load firing pattern for initiating the flow of a current I in each load, the load pattern being such that (a) the currents in each of the loads are initiated at instants which are n full cycles of the ac source apart, and (b) maintaining the current in each load for d full cycles of the ac source, where d is a duty factor and is any positive integer equal to or greater than n, but less than or equal to nN, whereby the total current drawn from the ac source is uniform and equal to dI/n.

Abstract: A dc power supply circuit for supplying simultaneously dc voltages to a dc load and to a standby battery employed to power the load upon a loss of dc power to the load. The load is adapted to draw varying amounts of current.The dc power supply circuit in accordance with the invention includes a capacitor which is arranged to retain a dc voltage derived from an ac voltage. A fixed voltage regulator circuit coupled to the capacitor operates to supply a fixed dc voltage to the load and to maintain this voltage as the current drawn by the load varies. An adjustable voltage regulator circuit coupled to the capacitor operates to supply a varying dc voltage to the battery as the current drawn by the load varies.

Abstract: A method of dividing direct current among parallel circuits, whereby the direct current in each parallel circuit is converted into an alternating current at equipotential sections of each parallel circuit, a compensating voltage equal to half the difference between the voltage drops across two neighboring parallel circuits under steady-state conditions and at equality of the direct current therein is produced at each equipotential section, and the compensating voltage is introduced into each parallel circuit in opposition to or in accordance with the circuit e.m.f. The device contains current-equalizing units equal in number to the number of parallel circuits, each having a bridge circuit made up four controlled switches; and capacitors coupled to the points of connection of the controlled switches so as to close the circuit.

Abstract: A static converter equipment comprising at least two converters, each with a DC terminal; each converter having a load with a feeding point connected to the DC terminal of the converter, the converters being arranged to work in offset phase relation to each other. The feeding points are interconnected with impedance means with resistance of at least the same order of magnitude as the load resistance and an impedance at the most of the same order of magnitude as the load impedance.

Abstract: A regulated power supply system, for a sensitive computer environment, having a plurality of switching regulators to provide highly regulated D.C. voltage to individual loads connected to each of the regulators. A centralized oscillator is used to supply the clock signal to the control circuit of each of the different switching regulators. Thus, any radio frequency interference problems will be associated with only one fundamental frequency and its related harmonics. A modified ring counter is used to stagger the turn-on point of each individual regulator so that the power demands on the source of power are not suddenly severe and instantaneous, which might generate transients disruptive of computer operations. Further, the modified ring counter is used to synchronize the frequency of each regulator to a common clock, in addition to its controlling the phase shifting of each regulator for a staggered turn-on.

Abstract: A current-splitting network comprises a voltage divider having first and second output terminals, the potentials at the first and second output terminals having a predetermined ratio. A first amplifier is coupled between one end of a first resistor and the first output terminal for holding the potential of the one end of the first resistor substantially at the potential of the first output terminal. A second resistor has a resistance value which has a predetermined ratio to the resistance value of the first resistor, and a second amplifier is coupled between one end of the second resistor and the second output terminal to hold the potential of the one end of the second resistor substantially at the potential of the second output terminal. A constant-current source is connected in common to the other end of the first and second resistors such that a constant current fed from the constant-current source is split to flow through the first and second resistors.

Abstract: A power supply for a control system in which a plurality of loads in the form of transducers, sensors and the like are employed. The loads are isolated from each other, the system being such that any load can be shorted without affecting operation of any other load circuit and without damage to the power source components. This is achieved with the use of a saturating transformer and a series inductor in the respective load circuits which isolate each circuit from the others while at the same time providing for excellent voltage regulation in the overall system.