Abstract: A multiple bi-directional input/output power control system includes a network of functional blocks housed in a single enclosure, providing DC power to one or more DC loads, and providing control and internal pathways, sharing one or more AC and/or DC power inputs. The system feeds back AC power from the DC power source into an AC input connection, and the fed-back AC power is shared by other AC loads. The system operates at least one alternative source of DC in a dynamic manner, allowing maximization of power generating capability at respective specific operating conditions of the moment. Power isolation may be handled by an AC isolation block right at a power input. Therefore all other blocks within a multi-function power control unit (MFPCU) are isolated from AC ground.

Abstract: A method to detect component removal while operating in a battery backup mode, comprising providing power from a battery backup unit (BBU) to a control card memory device, and measuring the current drawn by the control card memory device. If the current drawn by the control card memory device is less than or equals a pre-determined disconnect current, the method determines if a BBU release pin has been asserted. If the BBU release pin has been asserted, the method encodes in an event log a battery backup removal event. If the BBU release pin has not been asserted, the method encodes in the event log a control card removal event.

Abstract: The present disclosure is a supplemental power system which may operate in conjunction with a power supply to provide supplemental power to a load. Supplemental power system may include a power storage device, a boost converter and a power storage charger. Supplemental power system may supply extra power required for a storage system load at startup whereby the power supply system may be sized for steady state operation of the load.

Abstract: A static compensator apparatus for a HVDC system may control harmonic wave compensation at high passive speed to meet operating characteristics of the HVDC system. A static compensator is turned-on in a normal mode and compensates for invalid power and removes a harmonic wave generated by the high voltage direct current system. A static compensator controller controls an operation of the static compensator. A diesel power generator operates complementarily to the static compensator and being turned-on when the high voltage direct current system starts.

Abstract: A low voltage DC power supply is provided in a load center for distributing electrical power from electrical power utility lines to multiple branch circuits via a load center bus connected to the utility lines, each of the branch circuits having a circuit breaker coupled to a processor that is shared by multiple circuit breakers in the load center. The low voltage DC power supply includes a switch mode low voltage power supply connected to the processor for supplying the processor with a DC power input, and a line-derived power supply and a fault-derived power supply coupled between the utility and the switch mode power supply for supplying DC inputs to the switch mode power supply.

Abstract: A direct current to pulse amplitude modulated (“PAM”) current converter, denominated a “PAMCC”, is connected to an individual source of direct current. Some embodiments provide a PAMCC for each direct current source in an array, for example multiple solar panels. The PAMCC receives direct current and provides pulse amplitude modulated current at its output. The pulses are produced at a high frequency relative to the signal modulated on a sequence of pulses. The signal modulated onto a sequence of pulses may represent portions of a lower frequency sine wave or other lower frequency waveform, including DC. When a PAMCC's output is connected in parallel with the outputs of similar PAMCCs an array of PAMCCs is formed, wherein the output pulses of the PAMCCs are out of phase with respect to each other. An array of PAMCCs constructed in accordance with the present invention form a distributed multiphase inverter whose combined output is the demodulated sum of the current pulse amplitude modulated by each PAMCC.

Abstract: A solar power supply system includes a power supply unit, a rectification unit, a solar power supply unit and an AC/DC power conversion load. The power supply unit may be an AC power derived from a household electrical source and then rectified to a second DC power through the rectification unit. The solar power supply unit has at least one solar panel connected in series or parallel to provide a first DC power. The AC/DC power conversion load receives the second DC power from the power supply unit and the first DC power from the solar power supply unit, and supplies the power to an appliance.

Abstract: A device for voltage supply includes a first generator and a second generator connected in parallel to it. A control unit is also provided, to which capacity utilization signals are made available by the first and the second generator. By an evaluation of the capacity utilization signals, the control unit ascertains control signals, which lead to a uniform load distribution with respect to the generators.

Abstract: The disclosed system includes a metering device for monitoring electrical power grid conditions, a controller for determining if the metering device is detecting a condition on an electrical grid that is indicative of a delayed voltage recovery event, and a communication device for communicating with one or more remotely located bi-directional power source modules connected to the electrical power grid, wherein the controller is programmed to send a notification via the communication device to the one or more remotely located bi-directional power source modules if the controller detects a condition indicative of delayed voltage recovery event. In some embodiments, the metering device includes a grid metering device. In some embodiments, the metering device measures power factor, and a change in the voltage and ratio of VARs to Watts.

Abstract: An electric power conservation system to be used between an AC utility power source and a load circuit in a home or business. The electric power conservation system comprises an energy charger component, a DC rechargeable energy source, an inverter unit, a bypass isolation circuit, a monitor and control unit, coil contactors and contacts, and necessary circuitry for supplying a load circuit with the power it requires. The invention reduces consumption of electric power from public utility companies, thereby decreasing the load on the national electrical grid. Where utility companies offer lower off-peak rates to consumers of electrical power, it becomes exceedingly desirable to have such a system in place, to save consumers money. During normal operations wherein normal utility power is available, the load circuit derives part of its power from the AC utility power source, and the remaining power that it requires from the electric power conservation system.

Abstract: [Problem] When load power is assisted, the number of component parts becomes greater because an AC power detector is provided in the AC power supply of an inverter. [Means for Solution] An instantaneous output power calculating section comprises a power calculating section to calculate power by using detected values of voltage and current on the output side of an inverter, and a correction calculating section to correct the calculated power. Moreover, limiter sections are provided, respectively, in charge control section and discharge control section for a chopper, and limiter values of the limiter sections are varied by the power calculated by the instantaneous output power calculating section.

Abstract: A direct current to pulse amplitude modulated (“PAM”) current converter, denominated a “PAMCC”, is connected to an individual source of direct current. The PAMCC receives direct current and provides pulse amplitude modulated current at its output. An array of PAMCCs constructed in accordance with the present invention form a distributed multiphase inverter whose combined output is the demodulated sum of the current pulse amplitude modulated by each PAMCC. The array is configured as a series of stages, wherein the power sources within each stage are in parallel. The series of stages provides for a high voltage AC or DC output. In some embodiments a weak power source is compensated for by adjusting the voltage or the current of the weak power source.

Abstract: In a DC-DC converter using, as an input source, a fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like, having a relatively large output impedance in a power-supply mode, an arbitrary load and secondary battery based on magnetic coupling in which voltage values are determined by a turns ratio between those wound around a winding, are provided as outputs, a second converter is connected between an output of the secondary battery and the load. In addition, a current control circuit connected to the secondary battery is configured to perform control so that, when a current in the load decreases due to an operation of the magnetic coupling, by increasing a charging current which flows into the secondary battery, and, when the current in the load increases, by decreasing the charging current to the secondary battery, an output voltage of the secondary battery is maintained at a set drooping voltage.

Abstract: Electrical power generation systems typically comprise an electrical power distribution arrangement in which a number of electrical power generators are coupled in parallel. In such circumstances in order to avoid conflict generally a first electrical power generator is controlled with a voltage controller while second electrical power generators have electrical current controllers. As loads are switched into and out of the electrical distribution system in normal operation the first electrical power generator and its voltage controller can accommodate voltage dynamics and therefore maintain a desired voltage. However, in order to accommodate heavier loads switching, the dynamic operation of the electrical current controller is achieved through utilizing operational voltage margins from a desired voltage as control signals to the electrical current controller.

Abstract: A method of hybrid power management is provided in the present invention, comprising steps of: providing a hybrid power output device being coupled to a load and comprising a fuel cell module and a secondary cell module; determining a plurality of threshold values, each representing one of output power modes of the hybrid power output device respectively; and monitoring a characteristic value output from the fuel cell module and comparing the characteristic value with the threshold values to determine one of the output power modes to supply power to the load. Moreover, the present invention further provides a system of hybrid power management using the foregoing method to control switches to select from the output power modes such as supplying power from the fuel cell module only, from both the fuel cell module and the secondary battery, or cutting off power supply to the load according to the power state of the fuel cell module.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a first power supply unit, a second power supply unit, and a control circuit. The control circuit connected between the first power supply unit and the second power supply unit is configured for detecting an output power of the first power supply unit, and comparing the output power with a rated power of the first power supply unit. When the output power exceeds the rated power of the first power supply unit, the control circuit allows the second power supply unit to power the electronic device.

Abstract: A power distribution system includes a plurality of loads and a plurality of power sources. The power distribution system also includes an interconnect arrangement including a plurality of interconnects. The interconnects connect each load to a given number of different ones of the sources so that each load is fully powered notwithstanding failure of any one of the sources.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for injecting current during a mains supply voltage dip. The inventive method consists in permanently monitoring the magnitude and phase of the mains supply voltage and, upon detection of a voltage dip, injecting reactive current in the affected main supply phase(s) in a manner that can vary over the duration of the voltage dip, at very short intervals, proportionally to the magnitude of the dip, thereby absorbing the necessary active current. The device comprises a voltage measurement switch, a transformer (low voltage/medium voltage), a DC/AC inverter, a capacitor, a voltage dip detection circuit, and a control circuit.

Abstract: An electronic device includes: a first input terminal to which a first DC supply voltage of a fuel cell system having a controllable supply voltage is provided; a second input terminal to which a second DC supply voltage of a rechargeable secondary battery is provided; a DC voltage conversion circuit which receives the first and second DC supply voltages from the first and second input terminals, and supplies a current of a desired voltage to a load; a charging circuit which receives the first DC supply voltage from the first input terminal, and supplies a DC supply voltage for charging to the second input terminal; and a control circuit which determines a desired value of the first DC supply voltage in accordance with a value of the second DC supply voltage of the secondary battery, and provides the determined desired value to the fuel cell system.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage system for maximizing the utilization of renewable energy. In the system an inverter connected to at least one battery module is integrated with a grid power source and home or office electrical devices. Additionally, a renewable energy source can be included in the system. A controller is used to control the components for reducing demands on the grid power source during peak demand periods and for maximizing the utilization of the renewable energy source connected to the system.

Abstract: A photovoltaic power system can include a photovoltaic array, an inverter, and a battery.

Abstract: An power supply circuit includes at least one voltage converting circuit, a plurality of output branches, and a plurality of power assigning elements. The at least one voltage converting circuit is configured for converting a primary voltage signal to at least one alternating current (AC) voltage signal. Each of the output branches is configured for providing a direct current (DC) power supply to a respective load circuit based on the at least one AC voltage signal. The power assigning elements are configured to reassign the DC power supplies provided by the output branches to the load circuits.

Abstract: An electrical power system may be provided with temporary power from a bank of supercapacitors connected to a bus of the power system. The supercapacitors may be charged from an output from a primary power source of the system during start-up of the power source. Output voltage of the primary power source may progressively increase and capacitor charging may occur at this progressively increasing voltage. Dedicated current-limiting devices are not required during charging. When temporary power is required the supercapacitors may be discharged sequentially in a series combination so that a high internal voltage of each capacitor is maintained and so that virtually all of the stored energy of the capacitor may be discharged to the bus at a usable voltage.

Abstract: An electric bower supply system includes a power supply controlling element (62) configured to switch a plug-out power supply which supplies electric power (75) from a fuel cell (20) or a battery (21) to a house (70) and a plug-in power supply which supplies electric power from a commercial power source (75) disposed in the house (70) to a fuel cell vehicle (1a) on the basis of a vehicular power state of the fuel cell (20) and the battery (21) detected by a vehicular power state detecting element (61) and a household power state of the commercial power source (75) detected by a household power state detecting element (81) when a receptacle (10) of the fuel cell vehicle (1a) and an outlet (71) of the commercial power source (75) have been connected by a power cable (100).

Abstract: Improved techniques to manage operation of a portable electronic device having a substantially depleted battery when power is available from an external, power-limited source are disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, the substantially depleted battery can be initially charged while a power-intensive operation is delayed. Once the battery has adequate charge to assist the external, power-limited source in powering the portable electronic device, the power-intensive operation can be performed. In this manner, power consumption of a portable electronic device can be managed so that reliable operation is achieved without exceeding limits on power being drawn from an external, power-limited source.

Abstract: The power output of an RF plasma supply device is controlled by producing at least a first and second RF power signal by means of a respective RF generator, coupling at least two RF power signals into a coupled RF power, and distributing the coupled RF power between a plasma power that is to be supplied to a plasma load and an equalizing power that is to be supplied to an equalizing load. The power output is controlled by adjusting the levels and/or the phase position of the RF power signals in such a manner that, for plasma power in the range between a predefined lower power limit and a predefined nominal power, an insignificant portion of the coupled RF power constitutes the equalizing power and, for plasma power below the predefined lower power limit, a significant portion of the coupled RF power constitutes the equalizing power.

Abstract: An universal-serial-bus external device is connected to an universal-serial-bus port of a computer host and the universal-serial-bus port comprises a positive-power end from which a main current is outputted. The external device includes: a load circuit comprising a positive-power end to which a main current is outputted from the positive-power end of the universal-serial-bus port, wherein a load current, for driving the universal-serial-bus external device, is inputted to the positive-power end of the load circuit; and an assisting-power circuit comprising an output end from which an assisting current is outputted to the positive-power end of the load circuit; wherein the load circuit is only provided by the main current if the load current is lower than a first threshold current; and, the load circuit is provided by both the main current and the assisting current if the load current is higher than a second threshold current.

Abstract: A drive circuit comprising a DC bus configured to supply power to a load, a first fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a first power output to the DC bus, and a second fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a second power output to the DC bus supplemental to the first fuel cell. The drive circuit further includes an energy storage device coupled to the DC bus and configured to receive energy from the DC bus when a combined output of the first and second fuel cells is greater than a power demand from a load, and provide energy to the DC bus when the combined output of the first and second fuel cells is less than the power demand from the load.

Abstract: A device for controlling a single-phase power conditioner for a renewable energy system is disclosed. The device comprises: a power system, providing alternating current (AC) utility power; a renewable energy system, using a natural resource so as to generate direct current (DC) power; a DC-to-DC converter, accepting the DC power generated by the renewable energy system so as to convert an input DC voltage of the DC power to an output DC voltage at a voltage level different from the DC input voltage; a grid-tied power conditioner, transforming voltage levels of the AC power and DC power; a controller, issuing a control signal for controlling the grid-tied power conditioner; and a load, consuming electricity by way of the grid-tied power conditioner.

Abstract: A power supply comprises transistors whose conduction paths are connected in series and whose control terminals receive a reference voltage. The common terminal at one end of the series-connected conduction paths provides a regulator output whereas output terminals of the transistors are connected to charge storage capacitors, which are charged by respective power generators for scavenging energy from the environment. The transistors begin conducting in sequence so that the storage capacitors begin contributing sequentially to the output current as each transistor conducts in sequence. The capacitors are charged up when they are not contributing to the output current.

Abstract: A USB circuit device prevents reverse current while complying with USB specifications. A USB circuit device includes a connector unit to which a USB device is connected; a power supplying unit supplying power with the USB device through the connector unit; a switching unit flowing current induced into the connector unit from the USB device, into a ground selectively; and a controller controlling the switching unit to flow the current induced into the connector unit, into the ground if a level of the power provided with the USB device by the power supplying unit is less than a predetermined value. Accordingly, there is provided a USB circuit device for preventing reverse current from an external device and capable of protecting the circuit from over current with satisfaction to a USB specification.

Abstract: In at least some embodiments, a system comprises a load and a fuel cell coupled to said load, the fuel cell being configured to provide a constant power level to said load. The system further comprises a battery coupled to said load and configured to provide power in excess of said constant power level to said load, if needed by said load.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electric power source apparatus, which comprises supplying electric power to an electronic device on which a secondary battery is mounted from a power source apparatus having a fuel cell and an auxiliary power source. Electric power is supplied intermittently to a charging terminal of the electronic device by means of a switch for controlling conduction and interruption of an output terminal of the power source apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling provision of power to a load by a plurality of generating devices in a plurality of phased signals during a first operating condition includes: (a) a sensing unit coupled with the load for presenting an indicator relating to load current; and (b) a control unit coupled with the sensing unit for receiving the indicator and coupled with the plurality of generating devices. The control unit presents a first control signal in response to the indicator indicating a second operating condition. The control unit presents a second control signal in response to the indicator indicating a third operating condition. The generating devices respond to the first control signal to substantially simultaneously provide the power to the load. The generating devices respond to the second control signal to substantially provide no power to the load.

Abstract: A power supply arrangement for a distributed entertainment system. The power supply arrangement comprises: first and second power supplies, which are floating in relation to each other; a first electrical connector having a distributed impedance for connecting zone apparatus to the first power supply; and a signal processor which is operative to draw power from the second power supply and to transmit electrical signals to the zone apparatus and/or receive electrical signals from the zone apparatus, and in which the zone apparatus is operative to draw current from the first power supply, thereby causing a potential drop across the distributed impedance of the first electrical connector which in turn changes a voltage of a power supply rail at the zone apparatus, characterized by a second electrical connector for connecting the power supply rail of the zone apparatus to a power supply rail of the second power supply.

Abstract: A circuit and method for producing an output voltage that replicates an input voltage. A circuit comprises an amplifier stage configured to amplify a difference between an input voltage and a feedback voltage. An output stage is configured to produce an output voltage equal to the input voltage. The output stage configured to be driven by the difference between the input voltage and the feedback voltage. The output stage further comprises a main supply current path configured to provide a first current from a main supply source, the first current providing at least a portion of the output voltage, and a current management circuit configured to provide a second current from an auxiliary supply source, the second current providing any remaining portion of the output voltage not provided by the first current.

Abstract: A vehicle electrical system includes at least one battery, at least one fan and a device for detecting a critical state in the vehicle electrical system. The fan is activated when a critical state of the vehicle electrical system is detected. In this context, use is made of the fan's ability to store mechanical energy in the form of inertias. The fan operates in a regenerative manner and electrically feeds the mechanically stored energy back into the on-board electrical system.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for powering a patient monitoring system. The present invention is a modular patient monitoring system utilizing a bi-directional power bus to efficiently couple a multi-parameter acquisition device, a display and any number of expansion modules. Each coupled device includes a battery, enabling each device to send or receive power through the bi-directional bus. The method and system of the present invention utilizes power from any single battery or from any number of the batteries in the system, as charge is not transferred from one battery to another. The present invention allows for the batteries to charge when it is operated from AC mains derived power.

Abstract: The power supply unit has a sample-and-hold circuit that samples a voltage supplied from a power source to a load according to a sample timing signal and holds the voltage as an output set value for the DC/DC converter. The unit supplies a load with an output from the DC/DC converter controlled so that an output voltage of power source (22) becomes an output set value of the DC/DC converter when the voltage of power source (22) drops. Since a voltage corresponding to the voltage of the power source before the voltage drop is set to the output set value of the DC/DC converter, a stable power supply unit is obtained in which the difference is always small between the voltage of the power source in normal times and the output voltage from the DC/DC converter when the voltage of the power source temporarily fluctuates.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method (200) and system (100) for charging a battery (110). The method includes the steps of receiving (212) an input power supply signal (300), monitoring (216) the input power supply signal to determine when the input power supply signal reaches first and second predetermined thresholds (314, 316) and in response to the monitoring step, selectively controlling (217) a charging switch (122) that controls the flow of the input power supply signal to the battery. The controlling step can include activating (220) the charging switch when the input power supply signal reaches the first predetermined threshold and deactivating (226) the switch when the input power supply signal reaches the second predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method for balancing power distribution in a direct current to direct current (DC to DC) power-conversion system is provided. The power-conversion system includes a plurality of channels that are connected to a load. The channels are also connected to corresponding power sources. The method, at a first channel, includes obtaining a first power, which is the maximum power of the power source connected to the first channel. Further, the method includes computing a reference power based on the power output of the channels. Furthermore, the method includes outputting the reference power when the first power is greater than or equal to the reference power, and outputting the first power when the first power is less than the reference power.

Abstract: Power consumption at a site is monitored. An electrical load is connected to a power source by an electrical conductor. A fuel-less energy producing device is electrically connected to a junction along the electrical conductor. A current sensor is electromagnetically coupled to the electrical conductor at a sensing position between the power source and the junction to create a current sensor signal. Sensed current and voltage signals are produced from the current sensor signal. A sensed phase relationship between the sensed signals is determined and compared to a baseline phase relationship to determine the direction of current flow through the conductor. A power source signal, based on the current flowing through the conductor at the sensing position, is created. With some examples a Rogowski type differential current sensor is used. In some examples a single current sensor is used.

Abstract: A power supply system is provided that can operate with energy storage units of varying voltages and temperatures, that can correct voltage and temperature deviations, and that can continue to provide power when an energy storage unit is inoperable. A power supply system is also provided that can recondition an energy storage unit during vehicle operation.

Abstract: A system comprises a first power supply, a second power supply, and a load coupled to the first and second power supplies via separate power connectors. The load receives separate operating power from each of the first and second power supplies.

Abstract: A load sharing, multi-module power supply system for supplying power to a load. The system may involve: a first power supply module having a controller, and having a first per unit capacity (pu-c); a second power supply module having a controller, and having a second per unit capacity (pu-c); the controller of the first power supply module adapted to implement a reduction in an output power of the first power supply module upon the detection of an operating event, where a portion of the load being handled by the first power supply module is shed by a percentage, and such that the first power supply module remains operating during the operating event but at a reduced power output level; and upon the occurrence of the operating event the controller of the second power supply module is adapted to increase a power output of the second power supply module sufficient to accommodate the portion of the load that has been shed by the first power supply module.

Abstract: An electrical power supply system is provided with capacitor-based hold-up protection. Inrush current to the capacitor is passively limited with a combination of a resistor and a rectifying device connected to a hold-up capacitor. During start-up, the rectifying device may be reverse-biased and a portion of input current is shunted to charge the hold-up capacitor. In the event of input power failure, the rectifying device is forward biased and the capacitor may be discharged to a load of the power supply thereby providing hold-up protection for the load.

Abstract: A method of converting a direct voltage generated by a decentralized power supply system into three-phase alternating voltage by means of a plurality of single-phase inverters (WR1-WR3), said alternating voltage being provided for supplying an electric mains, is intended to avoid inadmissible load unbalances using single-phase inverters. This is achieved in that, upon failure of one inverter (WR1-WR3), an asymmetrical power supply distribution is reduced by limiting the output of the other inverters. The method makes it possible to simplify three-phase voltage monitoring.

Abstract: An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system includes a first UPS module that has a first power source, a second power source and a controller operable to selectively connect the first or second power source to a load. A second UPS module is connected in parallel with the first UPS module. The second UPS module also includes a first power source, a second power source and a controller operable to selectively connect the first or second power source to a load. The controller of the first UPS module gradually transfers power from the first power source of the first UPS module to the first power source of the second UPS module to detect the presence of the first power source of the second UPS module.

Abstract: A converter circuit, in particular having a class E converter, comprising a drive circuit for a switching transistor MOS1 having two series-connected components which operate as a function of the threshold value, in particular comparators K1, K1? and K2, K2?.

Abstract: An electrical power distribution system and a method of implementation are provided. The electrical power distribution system includes: a first AC power source; a second AC power source; a first DC bus; a first AC to DC rectifier; a second AC to DC rectifier; and an electrical load management control unit. The first AC power source is connected to the first DC bus via the first AC to DC rectifier. The second AC power source is connected to the first DC bus via the second AC to DC rectifier. The electrical load management control unit shifts power extraction between the first and second AC power sources by changing an AC voltage output of one of the first and second AC power sources relative to an AC voltage output of the other of the first and second AC power sources, thereby changing an DC voltage output to the first DC bus from one of the first and second AC to DC rectifiers.