Abstract: A generator control system capable of realizing series-parallel connection comprises a first generator, a second generator, a first inverter and a second inverter, wherein a power output terminal of the first generator is connected to a power input terminal of the first inverter, and a power output terminal of the second generator is connected to a power input terminal of the second inverter. The generator control system further comprises a series-parallel connection box, and the first inverter and the second inverter are connected to the series-parallel connection box. Various voltages and power can be provided through the change-over switch.

Abstract: A module level power electronics (MLPE) photovoltaic system and a method for photovoltaic string control are provided. The method is applied to a control unit in the MLPE photovoltaic system. The control unit detects an output current of each photovoltaic string in the MLPE photovoltaic system, and then controls, for photovoltaic strings connected in parallel to a same inverter in the MLPE photovoltaic system, a voltage of a photovoltaic string with larger output current to be reduced, or controls a voltage of a photovoltaic string with smaller output current to be increased, so that backflow current can be reduced to preset range tolerable for MLPE device. The method is from a perspective of the MLPE photovoltaic system, the backflow current is limited by controlling voltage change of associated photovoltaic string without additional hardware cost, effectively protecting MLPE device in the MLPE photovoltaic system.

Abstract: Technology is disclosed herein for reverse current protection for a photovoltaic module string. An apparatus has a switch connected between each respective PV module string and a power bus. A control circuit closes a set of the switches to connect a set of the PV module strings to the power bus to transfer power from the set of the photovoltaic PV module strings to the power bus. The control circuit determines whether a reverse current flows in the direction from the power bus to any of the PV module strings. The control circuit maintains the switch associated with a particular PV module string in an open state to prevent reverse current from flowing in the particular PV module string responsive to a determination that a reverse current flows in the particular PV module string when the particular PV module string is connected to the power bus.

Abstract: Connection and control concepts for battery packs in a high voltage battery assembly are provided. Parallel, modular configurations permit improved safety, voltage balancing, and redundancy, improving operation and reliability of an associated high voltage electrical vehicle such as a heavy-duty truck.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of power technologies, and provides a photovoltaic system, which can increase a working voltage of a photovoltaic string. The photovoltaic system includes an adapter circuit, a first photovoltaic string, a second photovoltaic string, and a controller. The controller includes an inverter or a combiner box. The first photovoltaic string and the second photovoltaic string are configured to provide electric energy for the controller. The adapter circuit is configured to be connected to the first photovoltaic string in series, and further configured to connect the second photovoltaic string to the first photovoltaic string in series when a voltage of the first photovoltaic string is lower than a preset threshold.

Abstract: System, device and method for exporting power are provided including at least one AC optimizer with plurality of DC inputs each connecting with respective one of plurality of DC sources, and independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) performed for each respective DC source to extract power from each DC source for output and coupling to AC grid. When multiple AC optimizers are employed, with each AC optimizer having multiple DC inputs, each DC input can be connected to PV module with independent MPPT function. Since, each AC optimizer can serve multiple PV modules, significant cost saving and efficiencies can be achieved. Optionally, on PV sub-module level, each of the multiple DC inputs can be used as an independent MPPT channel for a PV sub-module cell string.

Abstract: An arc detection and intervention system for a solar energy system. One or more arc detectors are strategically located among strings of solar panels. In conjunction with local management units (LMUs), arcs can be isolated and affected panels disconnected from the solar energy system.

Abstract: A system describing Unlimited Range Drive capabilities of electric vehicles using machine learning techniques, assisted by intelligent battery modules and high voltage continuous variable power plant, the intelligent battery and power plant modules work in harmony and continuously provide feedback to each other, causing a battery to recharge while the other is in use to drive, this charging/recharging process and dynamically switching battery in use is continued until physical life of batteries is exhausted approximately 10 to 15 years, dynamic coordination of modules with dynamic switching of batteries, achieves unlimited range drive capabilities which may exceed 1 million mile drive on a single high voltage battery charge, this platform can be implemented in larger chassis, light duty trucks, vans, heavy duty cargo tractor trailer, race cars, two/three wheelers and commercial public transportation buses, the system provides clean environment and reduces power drain from residential power grids.

Abstract: The invention provides a charging circuit, comprising a power conversion circuit, and an information collection and signal control circuit. The power conversion circuit is coupled to a voltage source and configured to provide a charging current to a battery. The power conversion circuit comprises a plurality of switch elements, and at least two storage elements, the at least two storage elements are selectively coupled to the voltage source and the output port through the plurality of switch elements. The information collection and signal control circuit is configured to collect information from the voltage source and battery, and control the plurality of switch elements to have the power conversion circuit work under different charging modes.

Abstract: A device includes an energy unit coupled to an energy device and adapted to couple a pair of split DC rails. A controller senses the voltage on the DC rails and regulates its output current response by means of an autonomous current response that creates the aggregate effect of controlling the rail voltage in cooperation with other units coupled to the DC rails. A system includes multiple such devices coupled to split DC rails.

Abstract: A method of controlling a voltage source converter including at least one converter limb, each converter limb including limb portions, at least one limb portion including a chain-link converter having modules, each module including at least one switching element and at least one energy storage device, which combine to selectively provide a voltage source, comprising the steps of: establishing during an operating cycle of the chain-link converter a utilization peak based on the actual peak number of modules providing a voltage source; establishing a target utilization based on a desired number of modules providing a voltage source during the operating cycle; and determining a control function based on a difference between the established utilization peak and the target utilization which alters the peak number of modules providing a voltage source during a subsequent operating cycle of the chain-link converter so as to drive the utilization peak towards the target utilization.

Abstract: Electrical coupling apparatus for electrically coupling the output of a plurality of strings of photovoltaic modules to the input of a DC/AC inverter in parallel in a solar photovoltaic power system, the electrical coupling apparatus comprising a selective switching apparatus and at least one DC/DC converter. The selective switching apparatus may be configured to couple each of the plurality of strings of photovoltaic modules to the inverter either via a first electrical coupling path not comprising a DC/DC converter or via a second electrical coupling path comprising a DC/DC converter and selectively electrically couple any one of the plurality of strings of photovoltaic modules to the inverter via the second electrical coupling path by electrically coupling the string to the inverter via the at least one DC/DC converter.

Abstract: An alternating-current power source can include a set of power storage units arranged in series and defining a power output. Each power storage unit can include a power storage device, a first connection configured to enable a voltage output of the power storage device, and a second connection configured to enable bypassing the voltage output of the power storage device.

Abstract: An apparatus for containing packaged battery cells in an airflow environment that includes a battery cell package with a printed circuit board, a battery cell, and a containment compartment, where the battery cell is suspended from the printed circuit board in an inverted position. The battery cell is electrically and structurally coupled to the printed circuit board, wherein a solder connection electrically and structurally couples the battery cell and the printed circuit board. The apparatus further includes a cavity of the containment compartment disposed below the battery cell, wherein a volume of the cavity of the containment compartment is greater than a volume of the battery cell.

Abstract: A multi-source energy storage system (ESS) includes a master controller and a plurality of ESSs. A first ESS includes an ESS controller and a plurality of micro-ESSs. A first micro-ESS includes a plurality of nano-ESSs, a micro-ESS controller, and a pulse width modulator. A first nano-ESS includes a plurality of cells, a plurality of cell balancing converters, a bidirectional DC-DC converter and a nano-ESS controller. The multi-source ESS operates in a charging mode and a discharging mode. The multi-source ESS is connected to one of a load, an electric grid or a micro-grid, and provides power thereto when it operates in the discharging mode. The multi-source ESS receives power when it operates in the charging mode.

Abstract: This invention presents an electronically configurable architecture where the plurality of photovoltaic panels can be connected to deliver the maximum power output. This architecture provides maximum power point to the maximum number of photovoltaic panels by connecting them in parallel. Under-rated panels are dynamically coupled with over-rated or maximum-rated panels in a series-connected architecture to utilize the under rated power in the final delivery. Notable efficiency improvements may be observed in contrast to the prevailing optimization with minimum power drop out architecture. The architectural modifications are proposed with bi-stable electromagnetic changeover contacts to minimize the power dissipation in control side. Moreover the rearrangement in connection architecture is proposed to be communicated on instance and regular basis through SMS and SPI protocol for easy fault diagnosis by the service personnel from the proposed data mining firmware.

Abstract: An electrical device for supplying electrical power to multiple power units includes a first module, including an electrical circuit breaker; a second, removable module, including a control circuit, programmed to trip the circuit breaker depending on values of the electric current that is flowing through power lines; a connection interface provided with output connectors that are connected to the power lines; removable elements, each containing an item of electrical equipment that is intended to be connected to an electrical power unit and to one of the power lines by the output connectors, the control circuit being connected to an interface for controlling each removable element via a data link by virtue of the connection interface.

Abstract: A battery pack system is provided with an integrated battery disconnect mechanism. The battery pack system includes a circuit board and one or more battery packs connected to the circuit board. A battery pack of the one or more battery packs is connected to the circuit board via one or more connectors. The battery pack system also includes a disconnect mechanism configured to disconnect the battery pack from the circuit board with a failure event at the battery pack by disconnecting the one or more connectors connecting the battery pack to the circuit board. In an enhanced aspect, the battery pack is suspended from the circuit board by the one or more connectors, and the disconnecting of the one or more connectors by the disconnect mechanism with the failure event releases the battery pack to drop away from the circuit board.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a plurality of voltage sources, a switch circuit that switches between a state in which the plurality of voltage sources are connected in series and a state in which the plurality of voltage sources are connected in parallel, and a voltage control circuit that boosts an input voltage. The switch circuit connects the plurality of voltage sources in series, supplies an output of the plurality of serially connected voltage sources to an output node of the voltage control circuit, thereafter connects the plurality of voltage sources in parallel, and supplies outputs of the plurality of parallel-connected voltage sources to the voltage control circuit, and the voltage control circuit boosts voltages of the plurality of parallel-connected voltage sources.

Abstract: System, device and method for exporting power are provided including at least one AC optimizer with plurality of DC inputs each connecting with respective one of plurality of DC sources, and independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) performed for each respective DC source to extract power from each DC source for output and coupling to AC grid. When multiple AC optimizers are employed, with each AC optimizer having multiple DC inputs, each DC input can be connected to PV module with independent MPPT function. Since, each AC optimizer can serve multiple PV modules, significant cost saving and efficiencies can be achieved. Optionally, on PV sub-module level, each of the multiple DC inputs can be used as an independent MPPT channel for a PV sub-module cell string.

Abstract: A source of environmental pollution is the burning of fuel by the transportation vehicles (e.g., cars, trucks). The use of electric vehicles (EVs) is perceived as an essential step towards better utilization of energy. Current EVs make use of an electric engine and a battery pack that provides energy to that engine. The technology of electric engines is well developed because of the common use of such engines in trains, submarines and industrial facilities. But, while the battery packs used in EVs have made a lot of progress in the last couple of years, these battery packs still have problems. These battery packs are expansive, heavy, and limited in the amount of energy that they can provide. This obstacle is a major factor that limits the use of EVs today in the mass market. Described herein is an improved EV battery pack system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extending peak power capability of a computing device. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises: voltage monitoring hardware to monitor voltage being supplied by a battery to a system load; and an energy storage coupled to the voltage monitoring hardware and/or charging scheme to supplement supply of power to the system load when the voltage supplied to the system load by the battery, as monitored by the voltage monitoring hardware, drops below a first threshold voltage level, the first threshold voltage level being above a minimum voltage level associated with the computing system.

Abstract: A photovoltaic power generation system includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, a plurality of shutdown units and an inverter. The shutdown unit is adjacent to the corresponding photovoltaic array, connected in parallel with the corresponding photovoltaic array, and electrically connected to the inverter via high voltage wires; the photovoltaic power generation system further includes a control unit configured to receive a detection signal indicating a state of the AC side of the inverter, monitor whether the AC side of the inverter is in a power-off state according to the detection signal, and generate a first power-off signal when the AC side of the inverter is in the power-off state; and the shutdown units are configured to receive the first power-off signal, and stop a power transmission from the photovoltaic arrays to the inverter according to the first power-off signal.

Abstract: Disclosed examples include redundant Power over Ethernet (PoE) systems, powered device (PD) controllers and methods in which a first PD controller sends a signal to indicate to the other PD controllers that the first PD controller is powered, and a second PD controller newly connected or reconnected to a corresponding power sourcing equipment (PSE) refrains from turning off a shared DC-DC converter, and the second PD controller waits to allow an inrush current delay of the corresponding PSE to complete before allowing current flow between the DC-DC converter and the corresponding PSE, and the second PD controller selectively provides a signal to request an application circuit powered by the DC-DC converter to temporarily reduce its power consumption below a predetermined value if the corresponding PSE is configured to provide no more than the predetermined value of power.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for controlling charge and discharge of a secondary battery. The apparatus for controlling charge and discharge of the secondary battery includes the power control unit calculates an amount of discharging power of the secondary battery, and when voltage value of the secondary battery is less than a preset reference voltage value, outputs a compensation charge control signal to charge the secondary battery with an amount of charging power obtained by adding an amount of power compensation to the calculated amount of discharging power. According to the present disclosure, the problem of a charge amount of the secondary battery reducing gradually with increasing charge and discharge cycles of the secondary battery may be prevented by compensating for the charge amount of the secondary battery.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for adaptive regeneration systems for electric vehicles. In one embodiment, an example method may include determining, by an adaptive regeneration system, that an electric vehicle is decelerating, determining an output voltage of a power source at the electric vehicle, determining that a voltage potential of a battery system at the electric vehicle is greater than the output voltage, and causing the voltage potential of the battery system to be modified to a value equal to or less than the output voltage.

Abstract: A power controller includes at least a first and a second power supply each having a positive and a negative output terminal. A voltage measuring circuit is coupled to the positive and negative output terminals of at least one of the power supplies. A main switching element is coupled between the negative output terminal of the first power supply and the positive output terminal of the second power supply. The positive output terminal of the first power supply and the negative output terminal of the second power supply are connected to an electrical load. A pair of diodes is serially connected across the electrical load. The voltage measuring circuit is configured to close the main switching element when a measured voltage exceeds a selected threshold such that the first power supply and the second power supply are connected to the electrical load in parallel when the main switching element is closed.

Abstract: A power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the invention includes: voltage sources; voltage control circuits that boost an input voltage; and a voltage source connection switch that connects at least one of the voltage sources to one of the voltage control circuits. For example, the voltage source connection switch connects, to the voltage control circuit, a voltage source having a voltage lower than a predetermined reference voltage among the voltage sources, and connects, to the voltage control circuit, a voltage source having a voltage equal to or higher than the determined reference voltage among the voltage sources.

Abstract: A method of controlling power transfer in a power system including a main bus, having a first and second bus sections, the first bus section connectable to the second bus section, first and second power generating units connectable to the first and second bus sections, a first and second drive systems connectable to the first and second bus sections, a central energy storage system, and a control system. The first and second drive systems include first and second bi-directional power converters connectable to the central energy storage system, and wherein the control system is arranged to control the first bi-directional power converter to transfer power from the first drive system to the central energy storage system, and to control the second bi-directional power converter to transfer power from the central energy storage system to the second drive system.

Abstract: A converter is capable of using two power sources located on a first side by switching connection of the two power sources between series connection and parallel connection. Under certain conditions, such as when a detected atmospheric pressure is lower than a predetermined value, frequency of use of the two power sources in series connection is reduced in the converter. It is thereby possible to prevent generation of excessive voltage by the power converter.

Abstract: A power supply circuit according to an embodiment has a plurality of voltage sources, a switch circuit that switches between a state in which the plurality of voltage sources are connected in series and a state in which the plurality of voltage sources are connected in parallel, and a voltage control circuit that boosts an input voltage. The switch circuit connects the plurality of voltage sources in series, supplies an output of the plurality of serially connected voltage sources to an output node of the voltage control circuit, thereafter connects the plurality of voltage sources in parallel, and supplies outputs of the plurality of parallel-connected voltage sources to the voltage control circuit. The voltage control circuit boosts voltages of the plurality of parallel-connected voltage sources.

Abstract: An electronic control unit of an electric power conversion system is configured to, when voltages of first and second batteries are stepped up in parallel and a temperature of a common switching element exceeds a threshold temperature, execute on time change control such that following conditions i) and ii) are satisfied: i) a trailing edge of one of the first and second PWM signals and a leading edge of the other one of the first and the second PWM signals connect with each other; and ii) the sum of the on time of the first and second PWM signals in a single PWM control period falls within a range from the single PWM control period to an allowable period. The electronic control unit is configured to change an on time of at least one of the first and second PWM signal in the on time change control.

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes a voltage converter, a temperature sensor, and a control unit. The voltage converter performs bidirectional voltage conversion between an output electric path and one or both of first and second batteries, while allowing switching of an operating mode between a serial operating mode in which the first and second batteries are connected in series relative to the output electric path, and a parallel operating mode in which the first and second batteries are connected in parallel. The temperature sensor detects a temperature of each battery. The control unit switches the operating mode of the voltage converter. When the temperature of one battery is equal to or larger than a predetermined upper threshold value A, or equal to or smaller than a predetermined lower threshold value B, the control unit switches the operating mode of the voltage converter to the parallel operating mode.

Abstract: A motor vehicle having a jump-start device is equipped with an internal combustion engine with a starter motor, and at least two on-board electrical power subsystems which are coupled together via an electric coupling element. Each on-board electrical power subsystem has at least one rechargeable electrical energy storage device. The motor vehicle has a jump-start support terminal, wherein the jump-starting device has a multi-stage jump-start switch. The on-board electrical power subsystems and the jump-starting support terminal are galvanically isolated when a first switching stage of the jump-start switch is selected, and the on-board electrical power subsystems and the jump-starting support terminal are galvanically connected when a second switching stage of the jump-start switch is selected.

Abstract: A wireless charging system with auto-detection with an inductive loop for detecting an induced electric field resulted from the approach of an electrical receiver device to determine whether the electrical receiver device is close enough and thus adjust the output to the inductive loop from the power loop.

Abstract: A system and method for providing power is disclosed. A variable direct current (DC) power source provides a variable DC voltage. A configurator dynamically converts the variable DC voltage to a selected DC voltage to provide the power. A set of switches combines the solar voltage with a substantially constant DC voltage. A control unit controls the set of switches and the configurator to provide the combined voltages at a selected voltage level.

Abstract: A portable fighting assembly may include a housing comprising a power source compartment that opens to a first end, wherein a power source may be enclosed by a power source compartment closure. A cover may enclose the power source and power source compartment closure. The cover may removably attach to the first end of the housing. A light may attach to a second end of the housing. The housing and cover may attach to a base which may attach to a first end of a strap by a fastener. A second and a third fastener may be attached to the strap to removably hold the strap in position while the strap may surround an object such as a utility belt, pant belt or the like. In certain embodiments, instead of a strap, the base may have wings that removably attach to each other.

Abstract: The rectifier includes two input paths configured to receive an alternating input voltage and two output paths configured to provide a direct output voltage. A switched-mode rectifying path is connected between one of the input paths and one of the output paths and comprises at least two semiconductor elements with controllable paths; the controllable paths are series-connected with each other. An auxiliary output node is disposed between the controllable paths of the two semiconductor elements in the rectifying path and provides an auxiliary node voltage. A controllable output path is connected downstream of one of the two output paths and comprises a semiconductor element with a controllable path, wherein the controllable path of the semiconductor element of the controllable output path is controlled by a signal representing the auxiliary node voltage.

Abstract: There is provided a battery pack including a mixed cell and a power device including the same. The mixed cell may include a first cell and a second cell having different electrical characteristics. The electrical characteristics may include at least one of an open circuit voltage characteristic corresponding to a state of charge, an internal resistance, an operation voltage, or a capacity.

Abstract: A power management system capable of outputting AC voltages includes a plurality of power units, at least a first diode, a first polarity switch unit and a control unit. The power units are electrically connected to form a power unit string. Each power unit includes a battery module and a first switch device connected in serial. One end of the first diode is connected to one of the power units, and the other end thereof is connected to a first common node to form a discharge path. The first polarity switch unit is electrically connected to the first common node and the power unit string, and outputs a first operating voltage. The control unit is electrically connected to the first switch device and the first polarity switch unit to turn on/off the first switch device and control the output polarity of the first polarity switch unit.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes: a piezoelectric element that is displaced according to a voltage of a drive signal; a cavity which is filled with a liquid and of which an inside volume is changed due to the displacement of the piezoelectric element; a nozzle that communicates with the cavity and is capable of discharging the liquid; a charge source that supplies a charge to the piezoelectric element; and a connection path selecting section that causes the piezoelectric element and the charge source to be electrically connected to each other by using a first signal path or a second signal path. The charge source includes: a first auxiliary power source that outputs two types or more of voltages; and a second auxiliary power source that outputs three types or more of voltages by using the two types or more of voltages output from the first auxiliary power source.

Abstract: An automatically re-configurable solar array apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a solar array electrically connected to an inverter through a power switch controlled by a microprocessor. The solar array comprises a combination of solar panel strings wired in parallel. Each solar panel string comprises a plurality of solar panels wired in series. An output electrical parameter level of the combination of solar panel strings is capable of producing output power from the inverter. The output electrical parameter level of the combination of solar panel strings is equal to about a predetermined electrical parameter level under sunny conditions. The solar array is pre-wired to permit microprocessor-controlled switching to reconfigure the array into solar panel strings of varying lengths. The electrical parameter level is at least one of a voltage level, a current level, and a power level.

Abstract: A PoE relay system includes a networking cable, a PoE power injector and a PoE access bridge device. The PoE power injector is coupled to a PoE powering apparatus to receive network data and network power, and to a power supply to receive DC power, and gathers the network data, the network power and the DC power in a gathered signal group. The PoE access bridge device is coupled to the electronic product, receives the gathered signal group, receives the DC power from the gathered signal group for operation, and separates the network data and the network power from each other, and outputs the network power to the electronic product.

Abstract: A photovoltaic energy conversion system, apparatus, and method for controlling DC sub-arrays of a photovoltaic array are disclosed. The method may include coupling each of N homerun branches from N sub-arrays to an inverter via N switches and monitoring current through each of the N homerun branches. A forward current through each of the N homerun branches is compared with a forward current threshold, and any backfeed current through any of the N homerun branches is compared with a backfeed current threshold. One or more of the N switches are opened in response to either the forward current exceeding the forward current threshold or the backfeed current exceeding a backfeed current threshold.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a power supply apparatus, including: a first switch configured to change over electric connection to an electric power generation section; a voltage sensor configured to acquire a magnitude of an input voltage; a control section configured to control the first switch in response to an input from the voltage sensor; and a voltage conversion circuit configured to convert an input voltage into a desired voltage and output the converted voltage, wherein, when the input voltage is lower than a voltage necessary for starting up of the voltage conversion circuit, switching on and off of the first switch are repeated until the input voltage reaches the voltage necessary for starting up of the voltage conversion circuit.

Abstract: A boost converter with a multiple input and with improved efficiency has two or more inputs. A DC voltage source can be connected to each input. A common output carries a DC voltage whose value is greater than or equal to that of the input voltages. The common output is in each case connected to each of the plurality of inputs via a positive lead branch and a negative lead branch. At least one inductor is arranged in the positive lead branch and/or the negative lead branch from each input, and at least one rectification element is arranged in the positive lead branch and/or the negative lead branch from each input. Furthermore, the inputs can be connected in series by means of two or more switching elements via the inductors, wherein at least two of the inductors can in each case be connected in parallel.

Abstract: A power control system includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery including a first battery unit and including a second battery unit connected to a first terminal of the first battery unit at a first node, a switching unit, the switching unit including a first switch connected to a second terminal of the first battery unit and including a second switch connected to the first node, and a control unit, the control unit being configured to generate and transmit switch control signals respectively corresponding to the first switch and the second switch, and being configured to control a voltage of the rechargeable battery such that the voltage is maintained in a threshold range of a predetermined rated voltage.

Abstract: The battery pack that recognizes operation voltage of a corresponding device according to a unique resistance of the connected device and sensed through a third external terminal of the battery pack, the battery pack having a plurality of cells that can be coupled in series or in parallel to be suitable for an operation voltage of the corresponding device. The battery pack can be sold to a consumer to enable the consumer to power a variety of different electrical appliances. Alternatively, the battery pack can be incorporated into a chassis of an electrical apparatus so that the battery pack can be sold to many different manufacturers of electrical appliances.

Abstract: A control device of an electric power supply apparatus controls a voltage applied to an inverter to fall within a voltage range between a first voltage that is the voltage of one of a first electric power supply and a second electric power supply and a second voltage that is the sum of the voltage of the first electric power supply and the voltage of the second electric power supply, by alternately switching between a series state in which a current loop that connects the first electric power supply, the second electric power supply, and a reactor in series with the inverter is formed, and a parallel state in which the first electric power supply and the second electric power supply are connected in parallel with the inverter as an electric load.

Abstract: A power Y-adapter provides power at a high voltage to an output end from at least two input ends to which power of a lower voltage and a phase difference is provided and includes a first polarity sensitive current isolation device, a second polarity sensitive current isolation device, a control section, and an output section. When the voltage signals supplied to the hot wire terminals of the first input connector and the second input connector sufficiently are out of phase, the Y-adapter can produce a voltage of higher magnitude between the first and the second hot wire terminals of the output connector.