Abstract: A deformation produced by heat when a G1 grid is welded can be suppressed. A U-shaped slit (34) is formed on an outer peripheral wall (31) of a G1 grid (12). A spot-welding portion (X) is set to an end edge of a joint portion of the U-shaped slit (34) and this spot-welding portion (X) is spot-welded to a retainer (22) of a cathode (21) by a laser beam. In the G1 grid (12), the deformation produced by heat upon welding is absorbed by the surrounding portions of the slit (34). Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the opposing surface opposing a G2 grid (13) from being expanded by heat. Thus, the spacing between the electrodes can be maintained to be a proper one and the angles of the electron beam emitting apertures can be maintained at proper ones. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the characteristic of the electron gun and the resolution of the cathode ray tube from being deteriorated.

Abstract: A cathode sheath for a thermionic electron-gun cathode. The sheath is substantially in the form of a hollow cylinder and has an outer surface and an inner surface, a central axis, a closed end and an axially-opposite open end, and a side wall extending between the closed end and the open end. The sheath is a continuous bimetallic laminate having a first layer of material forming the inner surface and a second layer of electron-emissive material overlying substantially the entirety of the first layer and forming the outer surface. The laminate has a preselected thickness at the closed end and has a thickness at the side wall which varies along the central axis.

Abstract: A cathode structure comprises at an end portion (1) an electron-emitting material (4) and a heating element (5) of wire (7), said cathode structure having a plurality of primary helical turns (8). These primary turns are used to form a first series of secondary turns (9) which are wound in a first direction with a pitch and which extend towards the end portion (1), and to form a second series of secondary turns (10) which extend from the end portion (1) and which have the opposite direction of winding yet the same pitch. Near the end portion (1), the first and second series of turns (9, 10) are interconnected by an arc-shaped connecting portion (12) having primary turns (8). This arc-shaped connecting portion (12) has a span S.sub.a and a rise r.sub.a, the ratio r.sub.a /S.sub.a preferably ranging from 0.3 to 0.5.

Abstract: A cathode for an electron tube includes a base metal containing nickel as a major component and an electron-emissive material layer which is formed on the base metal and comprises an alkaline earth metal oxide including barium oxide as its main component, wherein the electron-emissive material layer further comprises a lanthanum-magnesium-manganese oxide. The cathode of the present invention is fully interchangeable with conventional oxide cathodes and has a longer lifetimes and an improved cut-off drift characteristic.

Abstract: A cathode for an electron tube has a layer of electron-emissive substance containing alkaline earth metal carbonates having capillary crystals, to which 0.01-20.0 wt % of both a lanthanum (La) compound and a magnesium (Mg) compound or an La--Mg compound, based upon the weight of the alkaline earth metal carbonate, is added. The cathode enjoys full interchangeability with a conventional oxide cathode and a 15-20% longer lifetime.

Abstract: A thermion emitting oxide cathode comprising a metal cap and a cathode sleeve, the metal cap being coated with a thermion emitting material layer containing a barium-based alkaline earth metal, wherein the thermion emitting material layer is made of a titanate of the barium-based alkaline earth metal. The thermion emitting oxide cathode is made by mixing a titanium tetrachloride (TiCl.sub.4) with an aqueous solution of barium-strontium-calcium dichloride ?(Ba--Sr--Ca)Cl.sub.2 !, dropping the mixture into an oxalate solution of 80.degree. C., thereby precipitating a barium-strontium-calcium titanate hydrate ?(Ba--Sr--Ca)TiO(C.sub.2 O.sub.4).sub.2.4H.sub.2 O!, and treating the precipitated barium-strontium-calcium titanate hydrate at a temperature of 500.degree. to 700.degree. C. to remove a plurality of water molecules, thereby producing a suspension of barium-strontium-calcium titanate ?(Ba--Sr--Ca)TiO.sub.3 !.

Abstract: An electron-beam gun system is provided having a cathode arrangement and a grid electrode. The cathode arrangement is a high-current cathode (22) having an emitting surface (23). The grid electrode includes a hat-shaped grid 1-electrode (24) located at a distance of 30 to 80 .mu.m from the emitting surface (23) of the high-current cathode (22), which has a width in a range of 30 to 70 .mu.m in a passing area (18.2) for electrons. The grid electrode includes a grid 2-electrode (15) that is at least 250 .mu.m wide in a passing area (18) for the electrons, and includes a grid 3-electrode (14) having an inlet side that is 250 to 400 .mu.m wide in a passing area (18.1) for the electrons.

Abstract: An electron gun arrangement includes an electron gun having a longitudinal axis and including first and second electrodes longitudinally spaced apart for generating an electron beam in a longitudinal direction. A first support member supports the first electrode and includes a first slot arrangement presenting a first pair of surfaces longitudinally spaced apart. A second support member is longitudinally spaced apart from the first support member for supporting the second electrode and includes a second slot arrangement presenting a second pair of surfaces longitudinally spaced apart. The surface of the first pair of surfaces that is closer to the second support member constitutes a first clamping surface and the surface of the second pair of surfaces that is closer to the first support member constitutes a second clamping surface.

Abstract: A black coating having a uniform thickness is formed, on the inner surface of the cathode sleeve, as a sintered layer obtained by mixing tungsten having an average particle diameter in a range of 0.5 .mu.m (inclusive) to 2 .mu.m (inclusive) with alumina having an average particle diameter in a range of 0.1 .mu.m (inclusive) to 1 .mu.m (exclusive) at a weight ratio of the tungsten to the alumina in a range of (90:10) to (65:35).

Abstract: An electron gun having a stacked construction is provided, comprising a cylindrical shell, a cathode concentrically disposed within the shell, and at least one spacing ring disposed within the shell in abutting engagement with the cathode. The cathode is electrically insulated from the shell by the spacing ring, which is comprised of an electrically insulative material. The cathode and spacing ring are held together within the shell by simple mechanical force, such that the cathode and spacing ring can be readily detached from the shell as desired. An additional electrode, such as an anode or grid, may also be concentrically disposed within the shell, with a second spacing ring disposed in abutting engagement with the cathode and the electrode. A third spacing ring may also be disposed between the electrode and a shoulder portion of the shell disposed at an end thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a bead supporter for supporting a cathode assembly of an electron gun for a cathode-ray tube and fixing the assembly to a bead glass. This invention also relates to an apparatus for sorting and transporting the bead supporters in a properly oriented posture to an assembly line. The bead supporter includes a plurality of positioning projections formed on the lower side of its central portion, and cut-out portions formed in its upper edge portion opposite to the projections to permit the center of gravity of the supporter to vary depending upon its normal and reverse positions. The apparatus includes a feeding surface and a horizontal sorting surface for transferring the bead supporters. The width of the horizontal sorting surface is less than the width of the feeding surface such that each supporter having cut-out portions formed therein falls from the sorting surface when reversely positioned.

Abstract: A low-power cathode can be obtained by arranging it on a substrate (1), preferably of silicon, which is entirely or partly removed at the location of the emissive structure (11) by means of, for example, anisotropic etching. Because of its low power, the cathode is particularly suitable for multi-beam applications.

Abstract: An impregnated cathode structure has: (1) a sleeve having a truncated conically-shaped top portion with an opening having a predetermined diameter at the center thereof; (2) oxide cathode material formed within and conforming to the shape of the sleeve to form a point exposed through the opening; (3) a receiver forming part of said sleeve for retaining the oxide cathode material; (4) a backing plug which divides the inside of the sleeve so as to form a space for the receiver; and (5) a heater installed in the sleeve below the backing plug.

Abstract: A cathode sheath for a thermionic electron-gun cathode. The sheath is substantially in the form of a hollow cylinder and has an outer surface and an inner surface, a central axis, a closed end and an axially-opposite open end, and a side wall extending between the closed end and the open end. The sheath is a continuous bimetallic laminate having a first layer of material forming the inner surface and a second layer of electron-emission (donor) material overlying substantially the entirety of the first layer and forming the outer surface. The laminate has a preselected thickness at the closed end and has a thickness at the side wall which varies along the central axis. The outer surface of the bimetallic laminate is substantially unreactive with oxygen whereas the inner surface is more readily reactive with oxygen.

Abstract: An electron tube includes a cathode structure which has a hollow cylindrical sleeve having a heater mounted within the sleeve. There is a cathode cap disposed at the top of the sleeve to contain an electron emission material. A hollow cylindrical cathode holder is used for supporting the sleeve. A unitary support interconnects the sleeve and the holder and has formed in its outer peripheral wall a plurality of circumferentially spaced through holes for preventing deformation of the support.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode assembly of an electron gun for a color cathode ray tube in which a heater support structure is improved. The cathode assembly of an electron gun for a color cathode ray tube comprising three cylindrical sleeves which are arranged in an in-line type, a base metal which is located at the upper end of the sleeves, and of which the surfaces are coated with thermal electron emitting material, a heater which is located on the inner portion of each of the sleeves and having two parallel terminals which are exposed out of the sleeves, and a heater fixture block in which three pairs of welding terminals corresponding to the three heaters and two signal lines for forming an electrical circuit along with the welding terminals are provided in the lateral surface and two parallel bead glasses for supporting the sleeves and the block. The heater support structure is simple and the stability thereof is improved. Also, the heater is easily assembled to have a high productivity.

Abstract: An improved cathode structure in an electron gun for a cathode ray tube comprises a sleeve having a cylindrical shape, a heater disposed in the interior of the sleeve, a cap disposed at the upper portion of the sleeve, and an electron-emitting material layer coated on the outer top surface of the cap. A gap having a dimension that is 13.5% to 15.5% of the inner diameter of the sleeve, is defined between the sleeve and the heater, thereby improving an overshoot in emission of electrons at an initial operation state of heater.

Abstract: A cathode structure for supporting a cathode sleeve of a cathode ray tube includes a plurality of metal ribbons for supporting the cathode sleeve, where one end of a ribbon is fixed to an upper end of the cathode sleeve and the other end of the same ribbon is fixed to an upper end of a cathode holder, that allows thermal expansion of the cathode sleeve to occur towards the cathode holder, and maintain a constant distance between a cathode cup on the cathode sleeve and a first electrode of an electron gun.

Abstract: To maintain a monolayer of scandium, which is necessary for a satisfactory emission on the surface of a scandate cathode, at least the top layer of the cathode is provided with a scandium-containing oxidic phase from which Scandium is supplied by segregation from this oxidic phase.

Abstract: A cathode structure for an electron tube that includes a cathode sleeve, an upper heat radiation part blackened by the oxidation of the Cr contained therein in order to increase the rate of the heat radiation, a lower supporting part covered by a nickel layer for preventing the oxidation of Cr, and a cathode sleeve holder that is connected to the lower supporting part by resistance welding.

Abstract: A reservoir dispenser cathode structure having improved thermal efficiency is provided by inner and outer subassemblies. The inner subassembly has a molybdenum heater cup to which a tungsten-rhenium alloy cap is laser seam-welded. The outer subassembly has a tantalum support cylinder within which the inner subassembly is supported by means of a three-point suspension in the form of tabs that are lanced from the tantalum cylinder and spot-welded to the heater cup. The heater has a coiled-coil design wherein the coils are coated with Al.sub.3 O.sub.3 and small particle tungsten powder to increase the coil's thermal emissivity. This thermally-efficient structure permits the achievement of high current density (greater than 3 Amperes per square centimeter) with heater power that is less than 1.3 Watts.

Abstract: A cold cathode gauge including a glow lamp or the like disposed within the vacuum space of the gauge for initiating the gauge discharge, the lamp emitting UV or blue light directly at at least the cathode of the gauge where the energy of the light is sufficient to release photoelectrons from the cathode to thus initiate the discharge. A member is also provided for removably positioning the glow lamp within the vacuum space whereby the lamp can be removed during bake out and then subsequent thereto, be inserted within the vacuum space to thus enhance longevity of the lamp.

Abstract: A dispenser cathode includes a tungsten matrix which is impregnated with an active cathode material and coated with a refractory thin film layer metal material along the surfaces thereto, but not including the electron emissive surface of the matrix, thereby improving a heat transfer efficiency from a heater to the electron emissive surface.

Abstract: The present invention involves a cathode structure for an electron tube wherein the cathode sleeve and cathode sleeve holder are fixed together by improved means so as to increase the exposed length of the cathode sleeve that has a cathode heater, a cathode holder for holding the cathode heater, a cathode sleeve with an upper end and lower end for enclosing the cathode heater, the upper end sealed by a cathode cap, a cathode sleeve holder with an upper end and lower end for holding the lower end of the cathode sleeve and the cathode holder, an outward flange formed around the lower end of the cathode sleeve, and an inward flange from around the upper end of the cathode sleeve holder, wherein in the outward flange of the cathode sleeve is caught by and bonded to the inner flange of the cathode sleeve holder.

Abstract: An electron beam generator having an electron emission cathode adopted to be rapidly mounted to an installation, has an electronically insulating support body that is clamped on one side to a metal contact body having a large surface area. At the other side of the electrically insulating support body, a quick release device is arranged in order to rapidly mount and dismount the generator to an installation.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a dispenser cathode is disclosed, and the process comprises the steps of filling a porous base material into a storage tank, welding the storage tank to a cylindrical sleeve, installing a heater into the sleeve which has, a supporting face to be welded with the storage tank, an outside diameter which is larger than that of the storage tank, and an opening which is smaller than the outside diameter of the storage tank, wherein the heat transfer to the porous base material during the welding is prevented and the thermal efficiency is improved during the operation of the cathode so that a superior cathode characteristic is achieved.

Abstract: An uncoated radiative heating filament wire is electrically and thermally isolated from the cathode of a high power magnetron. The filament wire helically surrounds the cathode support rod and is suspended above the support rod surface by ceramic members. A reflective shell envelops the helical filament wire and cathode support rod. The shell reflects radiated heat from the filament wire evenly upon the cathode support rod.

Abstract: An impregnated dispenser cathode comprises a porous metal matrix having electron emissive material is impregnated therein and a cup for storing the porous metal matrix and being fixed together with it. The porous metal matrix is secured to the bottom of the cup. The present invention has the advantage of sharply promoting the value of products as it enhances both their life expectancies and the characteristics of large cathode ray tubes while increasing their reliability by greatly improving the defects of the structure and manufacturing method of conventional impregnated dispenser cathodes.

Abstract: This invention relates to an oxide-coated cathode for CRT and a manufacturing method thereof, where Scandium (Sc) or Scandium Oxide (Sc.sub.2 O.sub.3) is vaporized and ionized into a gas state under the oxygen existing environment, and is accelerated onto the surface of a base of Ni containing small amounts of a reducing element such as Mg or Si to form an implantation layer in a certain depth within the base, thereby enhancing the electron emissive characteristics and lengthening the longevity of the cathode.

Abstract: A high temperature low density operating element includes a porous high temperature operating element film formed into a predetermined configuration and disposed on one surface of an insulating member with good heat conductivity, a resistive film with a high melting point and good heat conductivity having a higher density than the high temperature operating element film, formed into a predetermined configuration on a second surface of the insulating member with good heat conductivity, a lead wire connected to the resistive film, an insulating protective film disposed on the insulating member covering the resistive film.

Abstract: A cathode structure for an electron gun of a cathode ray tube contains supporting pieces for preventing the detachment of an insulating block that are buried into insertion grooves made in the insulating block. These supporting pieces contact and are welded to the inside of the skirt of the control grid after they are inserted into the control grid together with the insulating block. This provides high stability against external impacts.

Abstract: A dispenser cathode for an electron gun comprises a reservoir for holding thermoelectron emissive material. A sleeve having an outward flange at a top portion thereof and receives the reservoir at the upper portion thereof and receives a heating element at the other end. A heat shielding tube is provided with an inward flange at the top thereof that overlaps and is welded to the outward flange of the sleeve. A holder for supporting the heat shielding tube is secured thereto.

Abstract: Three pipes for supporting three cathodes of an electron gun for an in-line type color cathode-ray tube parallel with one another in one and the same plane are arranged in one and the same plane, peripheral portions of the pipes are surrounded by a laterally extending cylindrical outer supporting frame extended in an arranging direction of the pipes through a fixing agent formed of crystallized hard glass powder with low melting point to fix the pipes, and a trapizoidal notch is provided upwardly of a lower side of the cylindrical outer supporting frame and along axes of the pipes to thereby prevent the pipes from being deformed.

Abstract: In a heater for an indirectly-heated cathode having a double helical structure, a film which can be removed by heating at the temperature of 250.degree. to 350.degree. C. is disposed between adjacent portions in a vertical direction, of a helical core wire coated with an insulating layer. Since this film is disposed, the occurrence of cracks in the insulating layer can be prevented so that the insulating property between the heater and a cathode sleeve do not gel deteriorated and clogging of an electron beam aperture of a shadow mask can be prevented, too.

Abstract: Cathode for an electric discharge tube having a short warm-up time and a long lifetime. The cathode comprises a metal (particularly nickel) support base coated with a layer of potentially electron-emissive material, which support base has a thickness ranging between 20 and 150 .mu.m, and metal crystallites having a size which does not permit of any further crystallite growth or recrystallization. Preferably, the crystallites of the support base have a size which corresponds to the thickness of the support base.

Abstract: In order to bring a high power vacuum tube to full power in a few seconds, it is necessary to heat the cathode quickly to 1100.degree. C. In large tubes, prior art structures cannot be simply enlarged. A novel cathode structure in which the heater element is anisotropic pyrolytic graphite coated with anisotropic pyrolytic boron nitride for insulation and then sintered to the cathode avoids these problems.

Abstract: An electron gun cathode and a manufacturing method therefor includes a unitary cylindrical sleeve having a bottom with through-holes for the passage of the terminals of a heater. The heater is disposed in a closed space formed by the sleeve and a base joined to the sleeve opposite its bottom. The heater is sealed in the closed space of the sleeve and base to promote thermal efficiency, reduce heat loss between the base and the sleeve, and reduce power consumption of the cathode.

Abstract: A novel technique for mounting a disc of lanthanum hexaboride electron emission material within a hot cathode assembly of an electron gun is described. The disc is partly received in a recess of a graphite mounting member and the combined disc and mounting member are pushed to the end of a 50/50 molybdenum rhenium tube which has a rolled over lip which engages the disc. Indentations are formed in the tube and these extend into the mounting member to secure the mounting member to the tube. All contacting surfaces between the disc and mounting member and between the disc and lip are previously coated with colloidal graphite to improve electrical and thermal conductivity. Prior to securing the disc and mounting member to the tube the tube is secured to an alumina support ring by cutting and forming retaining lips from the tube and by flaring an end of the tube.

Abstract: A dispenser cathode body includes a heat capturing portion extending rearwardly from the dispenser cathode, said heat capturing portion having greater mass and thickness than an exterior support skirt. A slip-in heater is received within the heat capturing portion. Substantially greater electron emission density is secured without requiring injuriously high temperatures from the slip-in heater.

Abstract: In thermoemissive cathodes for cathode ray tubes, in particular filament heated barium-calcium-strontium oxide cathodes, to give sturdiness to the filament and its alumina sheath in the presence of vibrations which might damage this sheath, it has been the practice to use an insulated reinforcing strip, soldered to the cathode tube, which restricts the movement of the filament during vibration. This method entails high manufacturing costs for mediocre results. The invention proposes to use a cathode, comprising a tube made of refractory metal closed by a refractory plug. The tube is filled with an alumina powder which is sintered before covering the plug with a standard emitting capsule of active nickel coated with metal oxides. The sintered alumina powder provides high cohesion between the filament and the inner wall of the tube. Excellent resistance to vibrations is obtained.

Abstract: In a vacuum electron tube, a novel oxide cathode comprising a metal substrate, means for heating said substrate to its operating temperature, and a layer of alkaline-earth-metal oxide on the substrate. The substrate is essentially free from silicon and contains operative concentrations greater than 1.0 weight % of chromium metal for progressively migrating into the oxide layer and reducing the oxide to yield alkaline-earth-metal.

Abstract: An indirectly heated cathode structure for electron tubes comprises a cathode supporting sleeve, an electron emission section fitted on a part of the supporting sleeve, and a heater arranged inside the supporting sleeve, the supporting sleeve being an alloy containing niobium as a main component, more particularly more than 85 weight % of niobium. As an additive, at least one metal selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten is used.

Abstract: An electron gun assembly for use in a CRT includes a pair of insulating support rods, at least one indirectly heated cathode disposed between the support rods, a heater for the cathode and an improved heater tab. The heater includes a pair of heater legs which are attached to the heater tab. Heater bead straps are provided for attaching the heater tab to the support rods. The electron gun also includes a plurality of electrodes for focusing and accelerating an electron beam generated by the cathode. The improved heater tab comprises a main body portion including a first and a second part. Each of the parts is attached to one of the heater legs. The heater tab has a pair of outwardly directed feet each of which is connected to one of the parts of the main body portion by a pair of substantially orthogonal legs extending therebetween.

Abstract: An inline electron gun for a cathode-ray tube has three cathode assemblies each including a cathode sleeve having a cathode cap closing one end of the sleeve and extending therealong. Each cap has an electron emissive coating thereon and a heater is disposed within each sleeve. The center cathode assembly has a laminated bimetal cathode cap comprising a first layer integral with the sleeve and an overlying second layer with a sidewall portion that is shorter than the sidewall portions of the two outer cathode caps of the outer cathode assemblies. The center cap thus has less thermal mass than the outer caps and the center cathode assembly therefore reaches electron emission temperature before the outer cathode assemblies.

Abstract: In a mounting device for electrically heated, spirally wound wire cathodes in electron guns, two mounting posts joined together by an insulator are configured as sector-shaped sections of a hollow cylinder, and have each a circumferential groove on its end remote from the insulator. The surfaces defining the grooves are parts of common circular and cylindrical surfaces, and the mounting ends of the cathodes are of a configuration approximately complementary to that of the grooves in the mounting posts. The mounting ends therefore lie in a spring-biased and form-fitting manner in the circumferential grooves.

Abstract: A beam generating system for electron tubes, particularly travelling wave tubes, is formed of a beam shaping electrode and a dispenser cathode supported therein having an emission disk at its end face. A positional change of the dispenser cathode in the beam shaping electrode at different ambient temperatures is suppressed with the beam generating system, and thus a beam defocussing is avoided. According to the invention, the dispenser cathode is directly connected to the beam shaping electron and is connected below the emission disk by means of a radial cathode support. The beam generating system of this type is particularly employed in travelling wave tubes.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube having an electron gun includes a novel cathode sleeve, a heater filament having a heater body with a pair of heater legs disposed within the sleeve and a pair of heater straps attached to the heater legs. The novel cathode sleeve comprises a generally longitudinally extending first portion having a first diameter which conforms closely to the heater body portion of the heater filament for reducing the power requirement thereof, and a second generally longitudinally extending portion having a diameter greater than the first diameter. The second portion has a segment which coaxially encompasses a section of the first portion of the cathode sleeve. The segment of the second portion is connected to the section of the first portion by a reverse drawn transition region which effectively extends the thermal length of the cathode sleeve to minimize the conduction of heat therealong.

Abstract: In a cathode-ray tube an inline electron gun assembly includes a center cathode assembly disposed between two outer cathode assemblies. The center cathode assembly and the outer cathode assemblies each comprise a tubular cathode sleeve having oppositely disposed ends, a filament disposed within the sleeve and spaced therefrom, and a cathode eyelet coaxially surrounding at least a portion of the cathode sleeve. The cathode sleeve is open at one end and closed at the other end by a cap having an electron emissive material thereon. The open end of the cathode sleeve is attached to the interior surface of the eyelet. At least a portion of the interior surface of at least one of the eyelets is modified to change the radiant energy emission characteristics thereof.

Abstract: A heater and support structure for a line cathode includes heater electrodes and an S-shaped cathode support member arranged between the heater electrodes. The heater electrodes and the S-shaped support member have a higher resistance than the cathode and thus heat flows into the cathode to compensate for heat radiation losses and the support compensates for thermal expansion to retain the cathode at a substantially constant position.

Abstract: An electron tube having a cathode and an anode with the anode subtantially surrounding the cathode and providing an electron-interaction space therebetween for providing a magnetic field having a substantial component oriented in the axial direction traversing this interaction space. The cathode structure is of reduced axial direction dimension for permitting the length of the magnetic field component to be minimized. The electron tube includes a substantial tubular cathode and a support means that is axially oriented and that is disposed adjacent to the cathode and is spaced away from the cathode substantially throughout its axial length. This support means is attached at one end to one end of the cathode and at the other end is supported at a vocation in the electron tube.