Abstract: The invention provides a lighting unit having an internal controller. The external power connector of the lighting unit (i.e. the electrical connector plug for connecting the lighting unit to an electrical lighting socket) comprises a manual adjustment element for selecting a setting of the controller. Thus, the manual adjustment element, which functions as a manual user interface, is integrated into the electrical plug part of the lighting unit.

Abstract: In a driving IC-incorporated fluorescent display device, a filament end-supporting member including a structure which has a short distance between a filament and an anode substrate and is not compromised to shielding effect of the driving IC is provided. An end portion of the filament is sandwiched between a tabular support which is attached to a tabular portion of a retainer plate and a ribbon, and the ribbon is fixed to the support by spot welding. The support consists of a slit. The filament is opposed to the slit and extends to longitudinal direction of the slit. The opposite side of the filament of the slit is closed by the retainer plate.

Abstract: Described embodiments include an incandescent lighting system and a method. A described system includes a gas filled and sealed glass envelope. The system includes at least two filaments enclosed within the glass envelope. Each filament of the at least two filaments is configured to generate light in response to a flow of electric current. The system includes a controller circuit configured to manage the at least two filaments in response to a filament management schedule. The filament management schedule includes managing the respective flow of electric current through each filament of the at least two filaments. In an embodiment, the schedule includes managing the respective flow of electric current through each filament of the at least two filaments so that not all of the at least two filaments generate light at any one time.

Abstract: Described embodiments include an incandescent lighting system and a method. A described system includes a gas filled and sealed glass envelope. The system includes a gas filled glass envelope. The system includes at least two filaments enclosed within the glass envelope. Each filament of the at least two filaments is configured to generate visible light in response to a flow of electric current. The system includes a sensor configured to detect an aspect of a filament of the at least two filaments and to generate a sensor signal indicative of the aspect. The system includes a controller circuit configured to manage the at least two filaments in response to a filament management schedule. The filament management schedule includes adjusting a flow of electric current through a filament of the at least two filaments in response to the sensor signal.

Abstract: The distance between filamentary cathodes and a phosphor on an anode substrate can be reduced by shortening the distance between the filamentary cathodes and a grid. To obtain high luminance without loss of display quality, the present invention provides a vacuum fluorescent display (1) with a driver IC, comprising a display unit (3) provided with a phosphor layer on an anode substrate (2), a plurality of filamentary cathodes (5), a grid (4), a driver IC (6), and a filament support (7) for shielding the IC and supporting an end part of the filamentary cathodes. The end part of the filamentary cathodes is fixed to one short side of the vacuum fluorescent display at a long side of the filament support. Depressions are provided to a surface of the filament support, or slits are provided to the filament support.

Abstract: An ultraminiature light source using a double-spiral shaped tungsten filament includes end contact portions which are separated to allow for radial and length-wise unwinding of the spiral. The double-spiral filament is spaced relatively far apart at the end portions thereof so that contact between portions of the filament upon expansion is avoided. The light source is made by fabricating a double-spiral ultraminiature tungsten filament from tungsten foil and housing the filament in a ceramic package having a reflective bottom and a well wherein the filament is suspended. A vacuum furnace brazing process attaches the filament to contacts of the ceramic package. Finally, a cover with a transparent window is attached onto the top of the ceramic package by solder reflow in a second vacuum furnace process to form a complete hermetically sealed package.

Abstract: An improved incandescent lamp and incandescent lighting system are disclosed, for projecting a beam of light with substantially improved energy efficiency. The incandescent lamp includes a pair of reflective ceramic filament supports for supporting one or more filaments in prescribed position(s) within an envelope while reflecting back substantially all visible and infrared light for incorporation into the projected beam or for absorption by the filament(s).

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen bulb comprising two filaments that are located (21, 22) in a lamp body (10), a first filament (21) being designed for operation at a higher electrical output than the second filament (22). To fulfil a daylight driving function, the second filament (22) is designed to produce an electrical output that is lower by a factor of 2.5 to 4 than the electrical output of the first filament (21) when operating with a standard operating voltage and is designed in such a way that it can be operated with an operating voltage that is lower than the standard operating voltage in order to produce a dimmed position light function.

Abstract: To provide the structure of a filament lamp having a plurality of independent power supply pathways, the structure being capable of preventing the power supply pathways from electrically shorting to each other, a filament lamp formed of a straight-tube shaped luminous part having multiple filaments (F1, F2, F3) divided in the axial direction, and sealing parts (20) on each of opposite ends of the luminous part (10) in which are embedded metal foils (31, 32, 33) corresponding to the number of filaments in an aligned manner, and leads for supplying electricity independently to each filament, the luminous part (10) having a first housing space (11) for housing the filaments and a second housing space (12) for housing the leads (51, 52, 53), the housing spaces be connected and extending in the axial direction.

Abstract: A fluorescent display tube, which has short-length filaments, can be driven by applied voltage of 3-8V to be used for a general fluorescent display tube. The fluorescent display tube can emit sufficient thermal electrons even if the number of filament cathodes is decreased to reduce power consumption of the filaments. The filament cathode is arranged between a first and third supporting plates by one end thereof fixed to the first supporting plate and the other end thereof fixed to the third supporting plate, and the filament cathode having an equal length with the filament cathode extended between the first and third supporting plates is arranged between the second and third supporting plates.

Abstract: A lamp (10), which can be used in rapid thermal processing (RTP), has a lamp envelope (12) arrayed along a longitudinal axis (14) and has a top (16) and a bottom (18). A first coiled-coil filament (20) having a first lead-in (20a) and a second coiled-coil filament (22) having a second lead-in (22a), are parallelly arrayed to each other and to the longitudinal axis (14) within the envelope (12). A serial connector (24) joins the first and second filaments; and an electrically insulating support (26) is positioned near the bottom (18) of the lamp envelope (12). The first lead-in (20a), the second lead-in (22a) and at least a portion (24a) of the serial connector (24) are sealed within the insulating support 26 whereby the first and second lead-ins (20a, 22a) and the at least a portion (24a) of the serial connector (24) provide the only support for the first and second filaments (20, 22).

Abstract: An electron source can selectively provide a first stream of electrons that travels in a direction along an imaginary line to a location remote from the electron source, or a second stream of electrons that travels in the direction along the line to the location. The electron source includes a first electron emitter for selectively emitting electrons for the first stream, and a second electron emitter for selectively emitting electrons for the second stream. A different aspect relates to a method for operating an apparatus having an electron source that includes first and second electron emitters. The method includes selectively producing a first stream of electrons that travels from the first electron emitter in a direction along an imaginary line to a location remote from the electron source, or a second stream of electrons that travels from the second electron emitter in the direction along the line to the location.

Abstract: A field emission lamp (2) includes a tubular-shaped housing (20), a first electrode (22), an electron emitting layer (24), a second electrode (26), and a fluorescent layer (28). The housing (20) has an inner surface. The first electrode (22) is centrally and longitudinally accommodated in the housing (20). The electron emitting layer (24) is disposed on the first electrode (22). The second electrode (26) is spaced apart from the first electrode (22) and includes a reflective layer (261). The reflective layer (261) is disposed on a portion of an inner surface of the housing (20). The fluorescent layer (28) is disposed on the reflective layer (261).

Abstract: An improved incandescent lamp and incandescent lighting system are disclosed, for projecting a beam of light with substantially improved energy efficiency. The incandescent lamp includes a pair of reflective ceramic filament supports for supporting one or more filaments in prescribed position(s) within an envelope while reflecting back substantially all visible and infrared light for incorporation into the projected beam or for absorption by the filament(s).

Abstract: A light bulb includes two or more filaments. When one filament burns out another filament can be connected so that the light bulb is still operational and does not have to be discarded.

Abstract: To provide a filament lamp having a plurality of filaments disposed in sequence in the axial direction of a light-emitting lamp tube which is configured so as not to shield emitted light from a center filament, internal leads for two filaments disposed proximate hermetically sealed parts at both ends are connected to metal foils in the same hermetically sealed part.

Abstract: An advanced forward lighting system may be made with a lamp having a first filament and a second filament extending perpendicular to the first filament. The second filament is partially hidden rearward and above the first filament. A reflector forms a main beam from the first filament light and a right or left cast supplemental beam from the second filament light. The second filament's position minimizes glare, and enables a simple advanced forward lighting system from a single standard lamp fitting both right and left side reflectors.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) including a plurality of cavities within a barrier structure is disclosed. In one embodiment, the PDP includes i) an upper substrate, ii) a lower substrate facing the upper substrate, iii) the barrier structure disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and defining discharge cells, iv) upper discharge electrodes arranged at intervals within the barrier structure and each surrounding at least parts of the discharge cells, v) lower discharge electrodes arranged at intervals within the barrier structure, located under the upper discharge electrode, and each surrounding at least parts of the discharge cells, and vi) phosphor layers disposed over the discharge cells. According to one embodiment of the present invention, ineffective power consumption can be reduced and heat generated in the discharge cells can be effectively dissipated.

Abstract: A high output halogen lamp having five filament segments with four segments in a circular arrangement surrounding a fifth segment positioned directly in the center of the lamp axis which contributes to the high output and a more uniform light distribution.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing wear of an electrode holder on a discharge electrode frame of an electrostatic precipitator includes an electrically conductive member having a central portion generally contoured to a shape of an electrode holder. The apparatus is fastened to at least one of the electrode holder and an end portion of a discharge electrode such that, when the end portion of the discharge electrode is attached to the electrode holder, the electrically conductive member is disposed between the end portion of the discharge electrode and the electrode holder.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to continuous carbon-nanotube filaments of radiation-emitting devices and methods for fabricating them.

Abstract: A fluorescent display tube is disclosed. In the fluorescent display tube, linear members, such as, for example, wire grids and filament are sustained in a predetermined height, while both ends of each linear member are welded on a metal layer by ultrasonic. The fluorescent display tube includes a metal spacer for fixing the linear member and holding the linear members in an elevated position so that the dead space within the fluorescent display is reduced. The linear members are bonded on an aluminum thin films formed on the glass substrate 111 by way of the aluminum spacer. The aluminum spacer sustains the linear members in a predetermined height. Aluminum spacer acts as a member for fixing the linear member and as a height level holding member.

Abstract: An electron tube includes a vessel, a primary linear member installed in the vessel, an electrode disposed in the vessel, a first auxiliary linear member and a second auxiliary linear member disposed at different heights to interpose the primary linear member therebetween, and a plurality of fixing members. The fixing members are formed at a single substrate for constituting a part of the vessel, for fixing end portions of the first auxiliary and the second auxiliary linear member thereto.

Abstract: A light bulb includes a seat having a first engaging point and a first contact point respectively formed on a bottom face of the seat to correspond to a second engaging point and a second contact point of a light bulb socket. A first end of the first wire engages with the first engaging point of the seat and a second end thereof engages with a first end of a first filament received in the second enclosure. A first end of the second wire engages with the second engaging point of the seat and a second end thereof engages with a first end of a second filament received in the third enclosure. The third wire has a first end engaging with a side wall of the seat and a second end engaging with both second ends of the first and second filaments.

Abstract: A method is described for producing a light source comprising a matrix of micro-filaments able to emit light by incandescence when powered by an electrical current. According to the invention, on the matrix electrical and/or mechanical connections are obtained by means of an agglomeration of carbon nanotubes at least partially ordered with respect to each other. The matrix can be formed extending a single uninterrupted wire, some segments whereof mutually cross.

Abstract: A fluorescent display device includes an envelop of which an inner space is in a vacuum state. The envelop has therein a plurality of filament-shaped cathodes supported by a pair of cathode supports; and anodes, each having a fluorescent material, fluorescent materials of the anodes radiating light by impaction of electrons emitted from the cathodes. Each of the cathode supports includes a base fixed to the envelop; one or more anchors, each having an arm serving as a resilient member and a tab for supporting one end of a cathode, the arm having two opposite end portions, one end portion being connected to the base and the tab being disposed at the other end portion; and one or more support members, each being connected to the base and separated from an arm of its adjacent anchor and supporting one end of another cathode.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp lighting device includes a fluorescent light bulb having an electrode filament and an electronic lighting circuit substrate for lighting the fluorescent light bulb, wherein a capacitor connected in parallel with the fluorescent light bulb, a positive characteristic thermistor connected in parallel with the capacitor, and a negative characteristic thermistor connected in parallel with the electrode filament are mounted on the electronic lighting circuit substrate, and wherein the negative characteristic thermistor, having a mounting surface, is mounted in such a manner that the mounting surface is in abutment with the electronic lighting circuit substrate. The positive characteristic thermistor and the negative characteristic thermistor are preferably mounted on mutually different mounting surfaces among the two mounting surfaces of the obverse and reverse surfaces of the electronic lighting circuit substrate.

Abstract: A vacuum fluorescent display including first and second substrates provided opposing one another, and a side glass provided between the first and second substrates to seal a space therebetween; filaments for emitting electrons when a voltage is applied thereto; first and second complex-type filament supports mounted to one of the substrates and supporting opposite sides of each of the filaments; and an anode provided on at least one of the substrates, the anode being illuminated by electrons to realize images, wherein each of the first and second complex-type filament supports includes a fixed plate fixedly mounted to the substrate, at least one tension arm mounted to the fixed plate, at least one tension head provided on a distal end of each of the tension arms, and at least one tensionless head to which one of the filaments is attached, the tensionless head being mounted to one of the tension arms.

Abstract: A 3-way halogen light bulb.

Abstract: A fluorescent luminous tube includes a vacuumed envelope having two base members, an anode and a cathode installed inside the vacuumed envelope, a first and a second metal layer formed on one of the two base members, a wire shaped member mounted inside the vacuumed envelope, and a first and a second spacer, made of a metal, for supporting the wire shaped member at a predetermined height. One end portion of the wire shaped member is wound around the first spacer to be supported at the predetermined height and is interposed between the first spacer and the first metal layer to be fixed thereto. Further, the other end portion of the wire shaped member is supported at the predetermined height by the second spacer and is fixed to the second metal.

Abstract: An incandescent halogen lamp used in connection with a vehicle headlamp system in which stray light attributable to reflection off of internal lamp components is reduced while the structural integrity of the lamp is maintained. The halogen lamp includes two filaments, several lead wires, and a support bridge all sealed within a glass envelope. Each filament is connected at its outermost end to a flattened end portion of a lead wire which extends along the length of the filament from near the support bridge to the upper end of the filament. The flattened outer ends of the lead wires have a narrow profile that is in alignment with the direction of illumination of light from their respective filaments. This arrangement reduces the surface area that could otherwise interfere with light emitted by the filaments, and thereby reduces the overall stray light produced by the lamp. The flattened outer ends can have a roughened surface to further help reduce the amount of light reflected off the lead wires.

Abstract: A lapping arrangement for a tungsten filament to prevent the self-contact and short-circuit of the tungsten filament in a light bulb comprising one or more pairs of posts in the form of molybdenum wire with the tungsten filament lapping on the posts. The angle at the lapping posts between a section of the tungsten filament and an adjacent section is equal to or greater than 90°.

Abstract: A light source composed of a planar, or substantially level, flat or curved, rigid or flexible, matrix of microfilaments integrated on a single substrate and capable of emitting light by incandescence when supplied by an electric current.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide an electric lamp with a coiled-coil filament, which is made more compact. An electric lamp 1 comprises a bulb 3 and a coiled-coil filament 2 accommodated in the bulb 3. According to the present invention, the coiled-coil filament 2 consists of a core filament 2′ and an additional filament 2″ which is wound around the core filament 2′ and of which the diameter is smaller than the diameter of the core filament 2′.

Abstract: A halogen incandescent lamp comprises a light-transmitting envelope filled with a gas including a halogen gas and an inert gas. A pair of inner conductive wires is arranged in the envelope. A triple-coiled filament, which has a first coiling, a second coiling, and a third coiling having about 1.5 to about 4 turns, is re-crystallized, is arranged in the envelope, and is connected between ends of the inner conductive wires. The triple-coiled filament is held by a support member. The halogen incandescent lamp may be utilized to a lighting apparatus.

Abstract: An improvement to the usable lifetime of a lamp includes the use of a primary filament, a backup filament, and a means to switch portions of the backup filament into the current flow path after a portion of the primary filament open circuits. Using bypass shunts, which do not become electrically conductive until a portion of the primary filament open circuits, an open circuited portion of the primary filament can be electrically replaced with an associated backup filament portion to keep the lamp lit. The shunts in one embodiment are made of oxidized wire and are wrapped around the primary and backup filaments, in a spaced-apart relation, forming filament pairs consisting of a primary filament segment and its associated backup filament segment. In another embodiment, support brackets are used to not only support the primary and backup filaments, but are also used to provide the bypass shunt function as well.

Abstract: An electron tube such as a fluorescent display tube is provided. Auxiliary linear support members (e.g. linear spacers and linear dampers), which subsidiarily support liner members (e.g. cathode filaments and wire grids), are bonded on a substrate, using ultrasonic welding (without using an adhesive agent (e.g. fritted glass or a conductive paste)). A metal layer (e.g. a thin or thick aluminum film) is formed over the glass substrate. The end of the coil of a cathode filament is securely bonded to the metal layer. A spacer of a metal wire (e.g. aluminum) is ultrasonic welded to the metal layer. The welding is performed with the wedge tool of an ultrasonic welder placed at the position where the spacer is in contact with the cathode filament. A U-shaped recess is left at the welded spot. This recess prevents the cathode filament from being displaced. If necessary, the metal layer is formed over the substrate and the damper of a metal wire (e.g.

Abstract: In a display device including a cathode filament containing a coiled portion and a linear portion thereof and a power feeding member, an end of the coiled portion is fixed to either a substrate made of an insulating material or an insulated support, the power feeding member being installed to contact with the linear portion of the cathode filament.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double-filament halogen incandescent lamp for a motor vehicle headlamp. In order to reduce the light shading effects caused by the filament holder, at least one of the power supply wires (8) is provided with a section (8a) that projects out of the common plane of the power supply wires (7, 8, 9) and is guided past the main filament (5), this section (8a) being shaped such that light beams that are emitted by the main filament (5) perpendicular to its filament axis are not obstructed by the power supply wire (8).

Abstract: An incandescent lamp comprises at least four linear, helically-wound filament sections arranged with their longitudinal axes substantially parallel with each other and including a first filament section located along the longitudinal axis of the lamp with the remaining filament sections arranged substantially symmetrically around the first filament section.

Abstract: A filament array for an incandescent lamp comprises at least five filament sections (10) having their longitudinal axes parallel with one another and, when viewed in plan, being arranged substantially symmetrically in a polygonal configuration around the lamp axis. The filament sections are wound from a single wire and are electrically connected together in series by means of linking sections (18, 19, 20) of said wire extending between corresponding ends of the filament sections, with alternate linking sections being positioned at opposite ends of the filament sections. The linking sections at the two ends of the array are supported by a set of support members (30, 31) extending from respective frame members (34, 35). The electrical input and output (14, 15) of the array are through terminal wire sections on opposite or substantially opposite sides of the array.

Abstract: In a high-power dual-filament incandescent lamp for use in a reflector having an optical axis, which incandescent lamp comprises two incandescent coils which are substantially parallel to one another, which in their correct operational positions are arranged substantially parallel to the optical axis of the reflector in a lamp bulb, and which can be operated alternately, the glass bulb is arranged such that it shows a horizontal and vertical displacement relative to the optical axis of the reflector when in the correct operational position.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp (10) with improved life is formed by winding a coil (30) using first, second, and third mandrels (45, 46, 50), the third mandrel having a diameter of at least 1.0 mm. The coil is wound around the second mandrel to provide at least 80 turns per inch (TPI). The third mandrel is larger than in conventional coils, allowing about 50% more emitter material (32) than can be loaded on a conventional coil. This has been found to lead to substantially increased lamp life, about 50% longer for a diameter of 1.25 mm than for a coil with diameter of about 0.86 mm. Increasing the TPI of the second coil over that of a coil having a TPI of 60-70 also increases the lamp life by providing better retention of the emitter material. By combining both the increased third diameter with increased second coil TPI, lifetimes of about twice that of a corresponding conventional coil may be achieved.

Abstract: An electric bulb structure includes a housing, a base post extended into an inside of the housing from one end of the housing, a shade mounted on an opening of the housing, a first conductive wire and a second conductive wire each extended into the inside of the housing from an outside of the housing and each extended through the base post, a first filament having a first end connected to the first conductive wire, a second filament having a first end connected to the second conductive wire, and a third conductive wire having a first end connected to a second end of the first filament, and a second end connected to a second end of the second filament.

Abstract: In first to third support wires (12, 13, 14) connected to a low beam filament L and a high beam filament H, which are arranged in the light source bulb 9, a bent portion 13a is formed by bending the second support wire 13 from a curved portion 13c towards the first support wire at an obtuse angle &thgr;2, and each rear lead Lb, Hb of the low beam filament L and the high beam filament H is connected to the bent portion 13a. Moreover, a bent portion 14a is provided by bending the third support wire 14 from a curved portion 14c towards the second support wire at an obtuse angle &thgr;3, and a front lead Ha of the high beam filament H is connected to the bent portion 14a. The extended portions 13b and 14b of the second support wire 13 and the third support wire 14 are inclined at an obtuse angle &thgr;4, &thgr;5, respectively.

Abstract: Decorative bulb with multiple light points and double circuits, including a vacuumized glass-made transparent housing in which an insulating bead is disposed. Two sets of leads are separately located on the bead. Two tungsten filaments are respectively fixedly connected between the portions of the two sets of leads extending into the housing. The two tungsten filaments are respectively positioned in a front and a rear positions. The portions of the two sets of leads extending out of the housing are connected to the double circuits for controlling powering on/off of the bulb. Accordingly, one single decorative bulb has multiple light points insides, which can be respectively controlled to achieve various light-emitting decorative effects.

Abstract: A multi-filament light bulb which is lightable one filament at a time includes a sealed glass envelope, a base fixed to the envelope and a plurality of filaments supported within the glass envelope. The bulb also includes a ring-shaped insulator having one or more electrical contacts electrically isolated from one another disposed thereon. The ring-shaped insulator is disposed in the base of the bulb with each of the electrical contacts connected to one of the filaments. A plurality of radially depressable metal tab switches are disposed in the base of the bulb adjacent to the contacts on the ring insulator for completing an electrical circuit to thereby illuminate one of the filaments.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric incandescent lamp having a lamp vessel (12), at least one filament (14) which is arranged in the lamp vessel (12) and comprises at least a filament element (15) for generating radiation in the infrared region and in the visible region, and at least one filter (35), which is applied at least partially to the light vessel (12), reflects radiation in the infrared region and is transparent in the visible region, at least for selected wavelengths of radiation, at least one filament element (15) being of flat, in particular strip-shaped construction. It also relates to a method for producing such an electric incandescent lamp. FIG. 5.

Abstract: In a lighting arrangement comprising a low-pressure discharge lamp and a high-frequency ballast for cold-igniting and operating the low-pressure discharge lamp, said low-pressure discharge lamp is equipped with electrodes which each comprise two or more double-spiral tungsten electrode bodies covered with an emitter. The switching performance of the low-pressure discharge lamp is very high.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp has a filament formed by a plurality of filament segments. Each segment is formed by a straight coil section. The segments are mutually parallel and arranged in several layers. A first layer of filament segments is arranged along a first curved surface, and a second layer of filament segments is arranged along a second curved surface. The two curved surfaces are symmetrical with respect to a plane.