Abstract: A power line protection device protects a power line from avifauna. The power line protection device includes at least two of an attachment portion attached to the power line, the attachment portion having a helical turn that winds around the power line, a lighting apparatus for emitting light, or a reflective device having a reflective material that reflects light. The lighting apparatus is attached to at least one of the attachment portion or the reflective device. The reflective device is attached to at least one of the attachment portion or the lighting apparatus. A method for protecting a power line from avifauna is provided.

Abstract: A vehicle trim light assembly is provided herein. The trim light assembly includes a substrate mated to a housing. A light source and luminescent structure are disposed within the substrate and housing. The light source provides light at a first wavelength. The luminescent structure is excited by light at the first wavelength thereby emitting light at a second wavelength through the housing to provide lighting to an occupant within the vehicle.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: The invention relates to an LED lamp for warm white light having an LED module consisting of at least one color-converted blue or UV LED, and at least one monochromatic LED, preferably a red LED, in the case of which the mixed spectrum produces white light with a color temperature CCT of between 1500K and 2400K, preferably 1700K and 2100K at room temperature, and between 1800K and 2400K, preferably 2100K and 2300K at a stationary operating temperature of, for example, between 70° C. and 80° C. of the LED lamp.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp having a starting aid and having a discharge vessel is disclosed, wherein the discharge vessel has two ends with seals, in which electrodes and possibly power supply lines are fastened, wherein the starting aid includes a wire system consisting of a core wire and a wrapping wire applied thereto, wherein the wrapping wire is a flat-pressed or flattened wire.

Abstract: A cold cathode field emission electron source capable of emission at levels comparable to thermal sources is described. Emission in excess of 6 A/cm2 at 7.5 V/?m is demonstrated in a macroscopic emitter array. The emitter is comprised of a monolithic and rigid porous semiconductor nanostructure with uniformly distributed emission sites, and is fabricated through a room temperature process which allows for control of emission properties. These electron sources can be used in a wide range of applications, including microwave electronics and x-ray imaging for medicine and security.

Abstract: An illuminating device including a hollow body and a circuit board is provided. The hollow body includes a first opening end, a second opening end and a pair of first hooking portions, wherein a bore of the second opening end is larger than a bore of the first opening end. The first hooking portions are disposed on the first opening end. The circuit board is disposed in the hollow body and has a pair of second hooking portions, wherein the first hooking portions interfere with the second hooking portions.

Abstract: The invention provides modular, interchangeable LED light bulbs configured to have an adjustable lateral emission direction. Such light bulbs overcome the drawbacks of conventional LED light bulbs that are not suited for use certain application, such as with sideway mounted light fixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluorescent lamp (1) adapted for cold environments, which comprises an elongated main tube (11), fixing devices (12) at each end of the fluorescent lamp (1) for fixing the fluorescent lamp (1) in a light fitting (27), two electrodes (15) placed inside the main tube (11), a heat-insulating outer tube (20) that surrounds the main tube (11) and creates an airspace (22) between the main tube (11) and the outer tube (20). Each fixing device (12) comprises an end cap (41) with a radial part (41b), that delimits an outer end plane of the fluorescent lamp (1), and with an axial peripheral part (41a), that is connected to an end of the outer tube (20).

Abstract: An illuminating device including a hollow body and a circuit board is provided. The hollow body includes a first opening end, a second opening end and a pair of first hooking portions, wherein a bore of the second opening end is larger than a bore of the first opening end. The first hooking portions are disposed on the first opening end. The circuit board is disposed in the hollow body and has a pair of second hooking portions, wherein the first hooking portions interfere with the second hooking portions.

Abstract: An automotive discharge lamp, having an inner tube including a light emitting unit having a first space therein and seal portions formed on the light emitting unit, a discharge medium containing a first gas enclosed in the first space, a metal foil sealed in the seal portions, electrodes with one end connected to the metal foil and other end extended into the first space, and an outer tube connected to the inner tube to form a second space between the outer tube and the inner tube, wherein the second space has a second gas enclosed therein and the oxygen concentration in the second space is 1.0 volume % or less.

Abstract: Screw-on or slip-on covers, in the form of transparent or translucent plastic sleeves for CFLs functioning as diffusers and cups for handling bulbs during installation, removal and as a safety receptacle for mercury-contaminated broken bulbs. The covers have interior surfaces contoured to the various sizes of CFL tube configurations, spiral or axially folded tubes, so that they are securely retained when screwed or slipped onto the tubes. The inventive covers may be used in any orientation, open end up, down or horizontal, so that they are equally useful for upright CFLs in lamps, horizontally oriented CFLs screwed into wall sockets, or downwardly oriented or angled CFLs screwed into horizontal or sloped ceiling fixtures. The inventive covers function as light diffusers and hide the tubes in more pleasing external shapes. Attractive sleeve colors, designs and surface textures are disclosed. Shades and shade frames may be secured to the inventive CFL covers.

Abstract: A headlight lamp with at least one incandescent filament, which is surrounded by a lamp vessel. The at least one incandescent filament is constructed in such a way that during lamp operation it generates a luminous flux, the value of which is greater than a predetermined permissible maximum value for the luminous flux of the lamp. The lamp vessel has a region of reduced transparency, with the aid of which the luminous flux emerging from the headlight lamp during lamp operation is reduced to a value of less than or equal to the predetermined permissible maximum value.

Abstract: A lamp with a base at one end, in particular a high-pressure lamp, with a light bulb sealed in a vacuum-tight fashion, with the latter being surrounded by an outer bulb and an enveloping part, with a base supporting firstly the outer bulb and secondly the enveloping part, having the following features: a) the base has a base insulator which is produced from an insulating material and has a central opening which holds the outer bulb; b) the base insulator has a circular segment with a plateau; c) the enveloping part has a circular opening with a radially projecting edge which has a lower and upper contact face relative to the base on the base side, the lower contact face of the edge fitting together with the upper plateau of the circular, radially projecting segment on the base insulator; d) the enveloping part is attached to the base insulator by a cement-free mechanical holding mechanism, with an annular damping element being inserted between enveloping bulb and base insulator.

Abstract: Screw-on or slip-on covers, in the form of transparent or translucent plastic sleeves for CFLs functioning as diffusers and cups for handling bulbs during installation, removal and as a safety receptacle for mercury-contaminated broken bulbs. The covers have interior surfaces contoured to the various sizes of CFL tube configurations, spiral or axially folded tubes, so that they are securely retained when screwed or slipped onto the tubes. The inventive covers may be used in any orientation, open end up, down or horizontal, so that they are equally useful for upright CFLs in lamps, horizontally oriented CFLs screwed into wall sockets, or downwardly oriented or angled CFLs screwed into horizontal or sloped ceiling fixtures. The inventive covers function as light diffusers and hide the tubes in more pleasing external shapes. Attractive sleeve colors, designs and surface textures are disclosed. Shades and shade frames may be secured to the inventive CFL covers.

Abstract: A bulb shell includes a transparent shell base having an opening, a largest outer diameter and a light projection surface defined by a critical boundary on the shell base, and a coating on the shell base in a region between the opening and the critical boundary to increase brightness of the light projection surface. The critical boundary lies between a first position where the largest outer diameter is located and a second position distant from the first position by 33% of the dimension of the largest outer diameter in a direction away from the opening. The coating will significantly increase the brightness of the light projection surface when the bulb shell is used in a LED light bulb.

Abstract: A base for a high pressure lamp, such base having lateral walls enclosing the lamp bulb. Also disclosed are lateral walls for a base, and a lamp system comprising such base.

Abstract: A lamp includes a main body and a removable cover, and the main body includes a lamp housing, a printed circuit board (PCB), at least one light emitting element, and a threaded base. The lamp housing defines a socket configured for receiving the PCB and the at least one light emitting element, and the PCB is electrically connected to the at least one light emitting element and fixed in the socket. The removable cover includes a light-transmission portion and a connection portion, the connection portion connects to the end of the lamp housing with the socket, and the light-transmission portion is opposite to the socket. Light from the at least one light emitting element is emitted from the light-transmission portion.

Abstract: A light emitting device made in accordance with principles of the disclosed subject matter can provide countermeasures against static electricity and can be configured in a relatively small size. The lighting emitting device can include both a first conductor pattern and a second conductor pattern on an insulating board. In one example, a first LED chip having a high electrostatic breakdown voltage is electrically connected to the first conductor pattern and a second LED chip having a low electrostatic breakdown voltage is electrically connected to the second conductor pattern. The LED chips can be encapsulated with an encapsulating resin on the insulating board. At least part of the first conductor pattern is exposed at a farther position than a furthest portion of the second conductor pattern from a mounting surface so as to act as a lightning rod.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp includes a luminous tube, a translucent protective tube disposed to cover the luminous tube, and a light-cutting layer formed on an outer or inner surface of the protective Lube and includes, as a main component, metal oxide particles which absorb light having a wavelength no greater than 600 nm and allow light having a wavelength of greater than 600 nm to permeate, the light-cutting layer having optical properties that a cut ratio of light having a wavelength of 450 nm is confined to 20-50%.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus and a method of manufacturing a plasma display apparatus are provided. According to the invention, the accuracy of alignment of the plasma display apparatus is improved. A plasma display apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a plasma display panel for producing images and a chassis to which the plasma display panel is attached. The plasma display panel comprises at least one aligning mark and is attached to a first surface of the chassis. The chassis comprises at least one aligning hole corresponding in position to the position of the aligning mark on the plasma display panel. The chassis comprises aluminum and an anti-reflective material. The anti-reflective material is present in the chassis in an amount ranging from about 12 to about 26 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight aluminum.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes at least one cold cathode fluorescent lamp arranged at a lower end of a bottom cover, external electrode fluorescent lamps arranged on the bottom cover above the cold cathode fluorescent lamp, and inverters disposed on a rear side of the bottom cover for driving the at least one cold cathode fluorescent lamp and the external electrode fluorescent lamps.

Abstract: A new fluorescent lamp comprises a lamp tube and an electronic ballast, it is characterized in that it is provided with an outer tube, there are respectively an outer plug at both ends of the outer tube, in which inserts a socket for the lamp tube. The electronic ballast is between the outer plug and the socket for the lamp tube at one end, said lamp tube is disposed between two sockets for the lamp tube.

Abstract: A lamp assembly configured to inductively receive power from a primary coil. The lamp assembly includes a lamp circuit including a secondary and a lamp connected in series. In a first aspect, the lamp circuit includes a capacitor connected in series with the lamp and the secondary to tune the circuit to resonance. The capacitor is preferably selected to have a reactance that is substantially equal to or slightly less than the reactance of the secondary and the impedance of the lamp. In a second aspect, the lamp assembly includes a sealed transparent sleeve that entirely encloses the lamp circuit so that the transparent sleeve is fully closed and unpenetrated. The transparent sleeve is preferably the lamp sleeve itself, with the secondary, capacitor and any desired starter mechanism disposed within its interior.

Abstract: An electron lens is used for focusing electrons from a cathode to an anode. The lens includes a first conductive layer with a first opening at a first distance from the cathode. The first conductive layer is held at a first voltage. The lens also includes a second conductive layer with a second opening at a second distance from the first conductive layer and a third distance from the anode. The second conductive layer is held at a second voltage substantially equal to the voltage of the anode. The first and second openings are chosen based on the first voltage, the second voltage, the first distance, the second distance and the third distance. The opening focuses the electrons emitted from the cathode onto the anode to a spot size preferably less than 40 nanometers. The force created between the cathode and anode is minimized by the structure of the lens.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (100) is disclosed comprising a p-n junction diode for emitting light; and a transparent casing encapsulating the p-n junction diode. The transparent casing having an inner portion in contact with the p-n junction diode, wherein the refractive index of the transparent casing is higher at the inner portion than an outer portion thereof. In one embodiment the transparent casing comprises at least a first and a second transparent layer, with the first transparent layer encapsulating the p-n junction diode, and the second transparent layer encapsulating the first transparent layer, wherein the refractive index of the first transparent layer is higher than the refractive index of the second transparent layer. In an alternative embodiment the transparent casing comprises at least one transparent layer, wherein the refractive index of the transparent layer is higher at an inner portion than an outer portion thereof.

Abstract: To provide a bulb-form lamp including a few compartments, which can be easily fitted in a socket of a lighting equipment and reliably carry out electrical contact between a shell and the socket of the lighting equipment. The bulb-form lamp includes a shell surrounding one end of a casing, and the shell is molded integrally with one end of the casing to make contact with an outer surface of the casing leaving substantially no gap.

Abstract: A tube guard system is provided for use in a flourescent light fixture and comprises at least one lamp assembly. The lamp assembly further comprises a lamp having two ends and having at least one terminal at each end, a sleeve having two ends and surrounding the lamp, and an end cap having a concentric opening formed thereupon affixed to each end of the sleeve whereby the terminals protrude through the openings in the end caps. A pair of lampholders affixed to the fixture receive each lamp used in the fixture whereby the terminals are placed in contacting relation with the lampholders. A preferred lampholder has a lamp center line of at least ⅝″, thereby allowing the use of low-profile lampholders having a lamp center line of ⅝″, or standard lampholders having a lamp center line of ⅞″. Preferred sleeves and end caps are of polycarbonate materials in order to provide heat and ultra violet resistance.

Abstract: An image-forming device having, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation of an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and an electroconductive supporting member for supporting the envelope. The potential of the supporting member is controlled to not be higher than the maximum potential applied to the electron-emitting element. The electron-emitting element and the image-forming member can be placed in juxtaposition on the same substrate, an electroconductive substrate can be additionally provided in opposition to the face of the substrate, and the supporting member can be connected electrically to one of the electrodes and also to the electroconductive substrate.

Abstract: A lighting system includes at least two light-emitting diodes each emitting, in operation, visible light in a preselected wavelength range. A converter converts part of the visible light emitted by one of the diodes into visible light in a further wavelength range so as to optimize the color rendition of the lighting system. The diodes include a blue light-emitting diode and a red light-emitting diode. Further, the converter includes a luminescent material for converting a portion of the light emitted by the blue light-emitting diode into green light.

Abstract: A technique for creating a patterned coating entails forming a first region (26) over a primary component (22). A second region (28) is formed over part of the first region. The first region is etched so as to undercut the second region, thereby forming a gap (30) below part of the second region. Coating material is then provided over the structure. Due to the presence of the gap, the coating material accumulates over the structure in a pair of segments spaced apart along the gap. One coating segment (32A) overlies the primary component. The other coating segment (32B) overlies the second region.

Abstract: Low voltage discharge lamp assembly which has a plug-in base and, in some embodiments, includes a power supply as an integral part of the assembly. The electrode leads pass through a base cap to form contact pins for engagement with a socket. By controlling the orientation of the pins relative to the electrodes and discharge path within the lamp, the lamp is easily removed and replaced without disturbing the direction and focusing of the light it produces.

Abstract: A high refractive index package material is described that encapsulates a semiconductor light emitting chip. The high refractive index package material is transparent to the light emitted from the chip and includes a host material and a plurality of nanoparticles held in the host material. The host material has a refractive index lower than that of the chip and is transparent to the light emitted from the chip. The nanoparticles are (1) formed from a material having a refractive index higher than that of the host material, (2) substantially smaller in size than the wavelength of the light emitted from the chip, (3) included in the host material at such a density that the effective refractive index of the high refractive index package material is higher than that of the host material without decreasing the transparency of the high refractive index package material.

Abstract: The electric discharge lamp has a discharge vessel (2), which is mounted in an outer bulb (1). A glass sleeve (10) is surrounding the discharge vessel. A coiled wire (11) is used as an envelope (11) to a glass sleeve. The wire is in an electrically floating manner fixed around the sleeve (10), e.g. by clamping fit. The construction of the lamp is simple an effective to protect the outer bulb (1) from being damaged by an explosion of the lamp vessel (2) and to prevent sodium, if present, to disappear from the discharge vessel as a result of photoemission.

Abstract: A vertical microelectronic field emitter includes a conductive top portion and a resistive bottom portion in an elongated column which extends vertically from a horizontal substrate. An emitting electrode may be formed at the base of the column, and an extraction electrode may be formed adjacent the top of the column. The elongated column reduces the parasitic capacitance of the microelectronic field emitter to provide high speed operation, while providing uniform column-to-column resistance. The field emitter may be formed by first forming tips on the face of a substrate and then forming trenches in the substrate around the tips to form columns in the substrate, with the tips lying on top of the columns. The trenches are filled with a dielectric and a conductor layer is formed on the dielectric. Alternatively, trenches may be formed in the face of the substrate with the trenches defining columns in the substrate. Then, tips are formed on top of the columns.

Abstract: An electric lamp has a lamp vessel (2) mounted in an outer bulb (1). A glass containment sleeve (10) surrounds the lamp vessel and is fused to a tipped off exhaust tube (5). A coiled wire (11) surrounds the sleeve 10 and provides further containment. The wire may be fixed to the sleeve (10) by clamping fit. The construction of the lamp is simple and effective to protect the outer bulb (1) from being damaged by an explosion of the lamp vessel (2).

Abstract: A vertical microelectronic field emitter includes a conductive top portion and a resistive bottom portion in an elongated column which extends vertically from a horizontal substrate. An emitter electrode may be formed at the base of the column, and an extraction electrode may be formed adjacent the top of the column. The elongated column reduces the parasitic capacitance of the microelectronic field emitter to provide high speed operation, while providing uniform column-to-column resistance. The field emitter may be formed by first forming tips on the face of a substrate and then forming trenches in the substrate around the tips to form columns in the substrate, with the tips lying on top of the columns. The trenches are filled with a dielectric and a conductor layer is formed on the dielectric. Alternatively, trenches may be formed in the face of the substrate with the trenches defining columns in the substrate. Then, tips are formed on top of the columns.

Abstract: In a flat panel display using a field emission type cathode array, a flat fluorescent screen is arranged between a cathode array formed on a flat substrate and a screen comprising a glass plate having a convex curved shape in parallel with the substrate. A vacuum is present in a space between the fluorescent screen and the cathode array and the space between the fluorescent screen and the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a ceramic electric-discharge lamp having a pinch-sealer which is set to an end of an outer envelope and covered by a base having a pair of base pins projecting themselves into the base. The outer envelope is in vacuum, in which an arc tube composed of a square U-shaped tube is installed. Apertures of both ends of the square U-shaped illuminant are closed by ceramic discs each containing an electrode. Linear illuminant is formed in such regions where the radius of curvature of the square U-shaped arc tube greatly varies, in other words, between the curved portions.

Abstract: A shatter-proof fluorescent lamp which includes a glass tube, electrodes connected to opposite terminal ends of the glass tube, a phosphor layer coated on the inside surface of the glass tube, a gaseous mixture containing mercury and rare gases confined in the glass tube, at least one ultraviolet ray absorbing layer capable of absorbing ultraviolet rays of 400 nm or less formed on the glass tube, and a transparent polymer resin layer formed on the ultraviolet ray absorbing layer.

Abstract: Composite safety coating and fluorescent lamp which lamp upon being energized causes the intermediate portion of the glass envelope to be heated to a relatively low temperature and causes the end portions of the glass envelope adjacent the end caps to be heated to a relatively high temperature, the composite safety coating includes a first substantially light transparent coating nondegradeable to the relatively low temperature surrounding and secured to the entire glass envelope and portions of the end caps, and second and third substantially light transparent coatings nondegradeable to the relatively high temperature surrounding the portions of the first coating surrounding the portions of the glass envelope heated to the relatively high temperature and portions of the end caps, the second and third coatings preventing degradation of the portions of the first coating surrounding the portions of the glass envelope heated to the relatively high temperature; and manufacturing process therefor.

Abstract: Apparatus for securing a fragile cylindrical tube within an envelope by using at least two spaced-apart mounting rings which tend to center the tube within the envelope. Each mounting ring is provided with three radially-extending through-holes, and an elastic sphere having a diameter greater than the thickness of the ring placed in each through-hole is in contact with the inner surface of the envelope and the outer surface of the tube, thus centering the tube within the envelope.

Abstract: A noble gas illumination device such as a neon tube in which the glass neon tube is clear and uncoated and is surrounded by a clear plastic tube. The clear plastic tube may be tinted or colorless. If it is tinted, it alters the color of the light emanating from the device. Whether tinted or untinted, the clear plastic tube makes the uncoated neon tube appear to have a larger diameter, thereby creating the illusion that the electric discharge beam in the neon tube is extremely thin and focused and has the appearance of a laser beam.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp unit in which a light emitting element of the tungsten-halogen type is placed within an outer, safety protecting transparent envelope. The element, being protected by the outer envelope, is filled with a gas at a high pressure, thereby increasing its efficiency, and the space between the element and the outer envelope is also preferably filled with a gas having good heat conductivity properties. The outer envelope also can have a coating of a material which transmits visible range energy and reflects infrared energy.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube device which comprises an electromagnetic shielding casing, a cathode ray tube held in said casing, an elastic material provided between the casing and cathode ray tube in contact therewith, and a space or porous material formed in part of a region defined between the casing and elastic material, and wherein said space or porous material suppresses the axial shifting of the cathode ray tube resulting from the thermal expansion of the elastic material when it is highly heated.

Abstract: Transverse mounting of the arc tube within the lamp jacket is effected through a mount featuring a hinged selflatching attachment of the arc tube to a support rod extending the length of the jacket and serving also as electrical connector to one electrode. A flexible connector makes connection to the other electrode. During manufacture the hinges permit the arc tube to be folded in line with the support rod for passage through the neck and then to be transversely erected in the jacket, and the latch thereupon locks the arc tube in the transverse attitude.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packaging system for housing a programmable thermostat. The thermostat is easily installed with a minimum of tools. The housing securely contains the electronic components and conveniently and attractively mounts upon the wall without exposed attachment means. A hinged door covers the control elements but controls remain accessable for deliberately setting the thermostat. The hinge has no loose parts and is established from elements carried on the door, the face plate and rear panel of the box like housing which encases the electronic components. The electronic components are held to the housing and the housing members attach to enclose the electronic components by press-engaging detent daggers. Finally, the packaging system allows for easy disassembly for access to the electronic components should repair be required.

Abstract: A photoflash lamp having a glass envelope with a clear protective exterior coating comprising a photopolymer. In applying the coating, the lamp is dipped in a liquid photopolymer and then cure-hardened by a short period of irradiation with a source of ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A lamp changing module for totally enclosing a lamp when the module is withdrawn from a support such as an illuminator cabinet, and permitting exposure of the lamp when properly installed and connected to the support. A potentially explosive lamp is thereby contained within the module when it is removed so that even if it explodes it will not harm nearby personnel. It also protects personnel from burn hazards associated with lamp changing.

Abstract: A rotary anode X-ray tube capable of operating at very high voltages of several hundred thousand volts.The rotor and the stator of the motor for the rotary anode are electrically connected to the anode which is itself raised to a positive DC potential, while the cathode is raised at a symmetrical negative potential. The rotor and the stator are separated by a thin non-magnetic wall which makes part of the vacuum enclosure, said wall being connected to the remainder of the enclosure by means of a fold of glass.