Abstract: For predictive synchronous rectifier sensing and control, an example apparatus includes an air core toroid having a voltage output, the air core toroid adapted to surround a portion of a current path and adapted to be coupled through the current path to a transformer, and a control logic circuit having a voltage input and a control output, the voltage input coupled to the voltage output, and the control output adapted to be coupled to a switch.

Abstract: The invention relates to an illuminant (23) and a socket (20) for a lamp (15). The features of the socket (20) can be implemented also independently of the features of the illuminant (23). The illuminant (23) has a preferably planar illumination surface (24). One or more semiconductor lighting elements are arranged within an illuminant housing (30). The illuminant connection device (70) required for mechanical and electrical connection to the socket (20) is provided on the rear face (66) of the illuminant (23), said rear face (66) lying opposite the illumination surface (24). The dimensions of the illuminant are preferably greater than the dimensions of the socket (10) such that the illuminant (23) fully covers the socket when looking onto the illumination surface (24), resulting in a particularly appealing look. Said socket and illuminant (23) modularly achieve large total illumination surfaces in a lamp (15) and an appealing overall appearance in a very simple manner.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp having a starting aid and having a discharge vessel is disclosed, wherein the discharge vessel has two ends with seals, in which electrodes and possibly power supply lines are fastened, wherein the starting aid includes a wire system consisting of a core wire and a wrapping wire applied thereto, wherein the wrapping wire is a flat-pressed or flattened wire.

Abstract: A lighting device and a lighting fixture of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a thermally conductive main body having a substrate support portion in one end portion, and having a through-hole and a groove portion formed in the substrate support portion, the through-hole penetrating from the one end portion to the other end portion of the main body, the groove portion extending continuously from the through-hole, a substrate mounted with a semiconductor light-emitting device, and disposed on the substrate support portion, an electrical connector connected to the semiconductor light-emitting device, a power supply device housed in the main body and configured to light the semiconductor light-emitting device, a wire connected to the power supply device and to the electrical connector while being inserted through the through-hole and the groove portion, and a base member provided in the other end portion of the main body and connected to the power supply device.

Abstract: A high intensity discharge lighting assembly capable of instant ON/OFF operation with a lamp housing having therein an HID lamp, an instant ON igniter circuit and lamp driver circuitry. The housing may have a screw in base or may be configured for fixed mounting on an open receptacle box. In one version, a non-replaceable HID lamp has leads permanently connected to the instant ON circuitry. In another version, the HID lamp has an integral base with pins which are plugged in to a socket provided in the housing.

Abstract: An air disinfection device aimed at improving the efficiency and quality of air disinfection or sterilization may be achieved through an air disinfection device comprising a body housing a power supply and control unit, which, in turn, comprises an energy storage capacitor, a high-voltage constant current source, an ignition pulse generator, a ferrite-core pulse transformer, and a program control unit. The air disinfection device may also comprise an ultra-violet radiation source in the form of a pulsed gas-discharge lamp mounted on the body and enclosed in a tubular quartz casing. Given that the energy storage capacitor and the pulsed gas-discharge lamp may form a discharge circuit connected to the ignition pulse generator through the ferrite-core pulse transformer, the pulsed gas-discharge lamp may be placed in a bactericidal radiation translucent casing, resulting in convection air-cooling due to a natural draft inside the casing that disinfects and sterilizes surrounding air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluorescent lamp (1) adapted for cold environments, which comprises an elongated main tube (11), fixing devices (12) at each end of the fluorescent lamp (1) for fixing the fluorescent lamp (1) in a light fitting (27), two electrodes (15) placed inside the main tube (11), a heat-insulating outer tube (20) that surrounds the main tube (11) and creates an airspace (22) between the main tube (11) and the outer tube (20). Each fixing device (12) comprises an end cap (41) with a radial part (41b), that delimits an outer end plane of the fluorescent lamp (1), and with an axial peripheral part (41a), that is connected to an end of the outer tube (20).

Abstract: One embodiment of a compact fluorescent lamp includes a circuit assembly comprising a rectifier, a plurality of capacitors, a plurality of ICs, a plurality of inductors, a transformer for converting AC to DC, a plurality of diodes, and a PCB; a CFL electrically connected to the circuit assembly; a shade for enclosing the CFL; and a housing for mounting the circuit assembly therein. The circuit assembly is operable when voltage variation is between 2.5 and 21 V. Further, the lamp can operate in one of three different power sources (e.g., DC power supply, electronic transformer, and electrical transformer).

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a radiation system for providing a beam of radiation from radiation emitted by a radiation source. The radiation system includes a contaminant trap for trapping material emanating from the radiation source. The rotation contaminant trap includes a multiple number of elements extending in a radial direction from a common rotation trap axis and being arranged for allowing contaminant material emanating from the radiation source to deposit during propagation of the radiation beam in the radiation system. The radiation system further includes a contaminant catch for receiving contaminant material particles from the rotation trap elements, the contaminant catch having a constitution, during operation of the radiation, for retaining said contaminant material particles.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp has an outer envelope (1) in which a discharge vessel (11) is arranged. The discharge vessel encloses a discharge space (13) with an ionizable filling. The discharge vessel has two mutually opposed neck-shaped portions (2,3) through which current supply conductors (4,5) extend to a pair of electrodes (6,7) in the discharge space. A lamp base (8) of electrically insulating material supports the discharge vessel. The lamp base also supports the outer envelope (1). The outer envelope encloses the current supply conductors and is connected to the lamp base in a gas-tight manner. By controlling the atmosphere in the outer envelope, a simplified and compact high-pressure discharge lamp is provided with an accurate positioning of the discharge vessel with respect to the optical axis of the lighting system. The high-pressure discharge lamp can be suitably applied in an assembly with a reflector.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) lamp tube includes a circuit board and a tubular enclosure. The circuit board is disposed in the enclosure such that the enclosure is divided into a non-illuminated portion and a light-receiving portion. The light-receiving portion has two light-condensing side sections corresponding respectively to two sides of the circuit board, and a light-diffusing middle section connected between the light-condensing side sections. An outer surface of the light-receiving portion has a smoothly varying curvature. The light-condensing side sections cooperate with the light-diffusing middle section to diffuse uniformly LED light transmitted from an outer surface of the enclosure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with an outer envelope (1) in which a discharge vessel (11) is arranged around a longitudinal axis (22). The discharge vessel encloses, in a gastight manner, a discharge space (13) provided with an ionizable filling. The discharge vessel has a first (2) and a second (3) mutually opposed neck-shaped portion through which a first (4) and a second (5) current-supply conductor, respectively, extend to a pair of electrodes (6, 7) arranged in the discharge space (13). The outer envelope (1) has a bulb-shaped portion (2) adjacent the discharge space with a wall thickness d1. The remainder of the outer envelope has a wall thickness d2. The ratio of d1 and d2 is in the range: Formula (I). Preferably, Formula (II), the bulb-shaped portion is formed in a mold. A simplified and compact high-pressure discharge lamp is provided by the invention.

Abstract: A lamp assembly comprises a light source and an electrical base configured to connect with an associated power source. An electrical assembly is in electrical communication with the light source and the electrical base. The electrical assembly is configured to condition power received from the associated power source to operate the light source. A housing is formed of an overmolding material. The overmolded housing at least partially encapsulates the electrical assembly and is connected with the light source and the electrical base.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) lamp tube includes a circuit board and a tubular enclosure. The circuit board is disposed in the enclosure such that the enclosure is divided into a non-illuminated portion and a light-receiving portion. The light-receiving portion has two light-condensing side sections corresponding respectively to two sides of the circuit board, and a light-diffusing middle section connected between the light-condensing side sections. An outer surface of the light-receiving portion has a smoothly varying curvature. The light-condensing side sections cooperate with the light-diffusing middle section to diffuse uniformly LED light transmitted from an outer surface of the enclosure.

Abstract: An integrated lamp includes a transparent tube body, a passive component and a covering part. The passive component is disposed at an end of the transparent tube body, and electrically connected to the transparent tube body. The covering part is electrically connected to the passive component and has a receptacle. The end of the transparent tube body is sheathed by the covering part such that the passive component is accommodated within the receptacle.

Abstract: A method of detecting a leak in an outer jacket of a metal halide lamp having an arc tube inside the outer jacket and operated by a ballast, where the ballast monitors an electrical characteristic of the lamp during start and detects a leak in the outer jacket when the electrical characteristic deviates from that of a corresponding metal halide lamp whose outer jacket does not have a leak. The electrical characteristic is one of six markers, namely (1) V?(E) at a predetermined E, where V?(E) is a derivative of lamp voltage V as a function of cumulative energy E delivered to the ballast since ignition, (2) a value of E at which V?(E) reaches a maximum, (3) V at a predetermined E, (4) a local maximum of V?(E) up to a predetermined E, (5) a global maximum of V?(E), and (6) E required to achieve a predetermined V.

Abstract: A planar display device whose display panel main body can be easily separated from a chassis member upon disposal without preparing large equipment and a special tool. In the planar display device wherein the PDP panel main body (1) and the chassis member (2) are adhered by a two-sided tape (3), a wire (4) is previously incorporated for separating the PDP panel main body (1) from the chassis member (2) by cutting and peeling the double-sided tape.

Abstract: An image display apparatus according to the present invention comprising a display panel including a face plate, a rear plate and a plate-like spacer arranged between the face plate and the rear plate, and a support member that supports a rear surface of the display panel, wherein the support member includes a plate-like member having a protruded portion, and wherein a longitudinal direction of the protruded portion and a longitudinal direction of the spacer are substantially parallel to each other.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp has an outer envelope (1) in which a discharge vessel (11) is arranged. The discharge vessel encloses a discharge space (13) with an ionizable filling. The discharge vessel has two mutually opposed neck-shaped portions (2,3) through which current supply conductors (4,5) extend to a pair of electrodes (6,7) in the discharge space. A lamp base (8) of electrically insulating material supports the discharge vessel. The lamp base also supports the outer envelope (1). The outer envelope encloses the current supply conductors and is connected to the lamp base in a gas-tight manner. By controlling the atmosphere in the outer envelope, a simplified and compact high-pressure discharge lamp is provided with an accurate positioning of the discharge vessel with respect to the optical axis of the lighting system. The high-pressure discharge lamp can be suitably applied in an assembly with a reflector.

Abstract: A holding device for fixing a lamp bulb comprises at least one clip element, the clip element, referred to as the main clip, having a peripheral flange as a supporting surface, which is adjoined at its inner rim by a peripheral side wall with a given height H, which is preferably cylindrically shaped, its free end forming a closing-off cover, the cover having a clearance which is adapted to the portion of the lamp bulb that is to be fixed.

Abstract: A photoionization detector includes a housing, electrical contacts within the housing and an easily removable and replaceable photoionization chamber within the housing. The photoionization chamber includes a cathodic electrode and an anodic electrode which may be coated with a thin layer of material. The photoionization chamber and the associated cathodic electrode and anodic electrode are removable from within the housing as a unit. The photoionization chamber makes electrical connection with the contacts when seated within the housing regardless of the orientation of the photoionization chamber about an axis.

Abstract: A multi-tube fluorescent discharge lamp, which is constructed of multiple glass tubes of different caliber in coaxial structure, the both sides of the inner most tube are connected to a cathode respectively, by isolating, perforating and blocking the discharge path, forming a successive discharge path, and coating phosphor on surface of the discharge tubes. The Invention can then have more fluorescent area than a conventional fluorescent lamp of the similar size and higher lumen as well as power transfer factor. Compared with the power consumption of a conventional fluorescent discharge lamp, the Invention therefore has higher luminous flux.

Abstract: A mount assembly (10) for an arc discharge vessel has a glass stem (12) having a longitudinal axis (14) that includes a flare (16) with a barrel portion (18) and a seal portion (20) containing at least two relatively rigid stem-leads, (22 and 24), projecting therefrom A relatively rigid wire frame (26) is provided with the frame (26) having a distal end (28) and a proximal end (30). A loop portion (32) is formed at the proximal end (30) and has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the barrel (18) and is affixed thereto. The distal end (28) of the wire frame (26) extends away from the barrel portion in a direction transverse to the plane of the loop portion (32). An arc discharge vessel (34, 34a), having a substantially linear configuration and having electrode connections (36) and (38) extending from the ends thereof is positioned on the longitudinal axis (14) and is affixed to the wire frame.

Abstract: A low voltage display lamp is provided for use in standard threaded lamp sockets. The lamp has an IR-reflective layer, preferably gold, coated on the convex side of the reflector to reflect infrared radiation (IR) away from the ballast to reduce the ballast's operating temperature. The IR-reflective coating is effective to reflect IR radiation away from the lamp housing.

Abstract: To provide a spot light-source device whose discharge envelope has high pressure resistance and that emits high brightness as a spot light source, a spot light-source device excited by electromagnetic energy has a lamp that with a discharge envelope made of translucent non-conducting material, an expansion part forming a discharge space, and a tube connected thereto, and a discharge concentrator having a front tip part which is supported by the tube without protruding from the discharge envelope and faces the interior of the discharge space of the expansion part, that intensifies concentration of the electric field in the discharge space and that concentrates discharge, an electromagnetic energy provision source that excites discharge in the discharge concentrator from outside of the lamp, a concave reflection mirror that reflects light from the lamp, and a container with a resonance window that creates electromagnetic energy resonance.

Abstract: A lamp rod assembled device for assembling an inserting rod into a wire box comprises a retaining seat installed on a via hole at a lateral side of the wire box and an inserting rod inserted into the wire box. A polygonal though hole is formed in the engaging portion. A lateral end of the retaining seat is an engaging groove which is communicated with the though hole. A distal end of the buckling structure is protruded out of an end portion of the inserting rod. The inserting rod can be inserted into or detached from the wire box conveniently and easily. Moreover, a front end of the output end is formed with a larger stepped surface; and a front end of the guide hole is installed with a female threaded section for engaging the buckling structure.

Abstract: A positioning device of a lamp rod used in a ceiling lamp of a wire box comprises a retaining seat fixed to a via hole of the wire box and an inserting rod inserted into the retaining seat. An inserting portion exactly passes through the via hole. A top surface of the retaining seat at the inner side of the wire box is a platform which has a through hole and a locking hole. The platform is locked with a limiting unit having a size exactly locking the inserting rod. A top end of the inserting rod has a buckling hole. After the inserting rod has been inserted from the engaging hole of the retaining seat, the buckling hole is exactly buckled with the embedding portion of the positioning rod. Thereby, the inserting rod and the wire box are detachable and thus the space for storage and transfer is reduced.

Abstract: An electric discharge lamp has a discharge vessel including pair of opposing planar seals each having a pair of major faces and a pair of minor, side faces. A containment shield surrounds the discharge vessel and includes a glass sleeve and a helically coiled wire secured on the glass sleeve. The glass sleeve is pinched to bevelled ends of the minor, side faces of the seals only and substantially does not engage the major faces of the seal. The wire is fixed around the sleeve in an electrically floating manner, e.g. by clamping fit. With the sleeve secured to the discharge vessel, MH quality photometrics are obtained with a tubular body arc tube without an end coat. The construction of the lamp is simple and effective to protect the outer bulb from being damaged by an explosion of the discharge vessel, and to prevent sodium from disappearing from the discharge vessel as a result of photoemission.

Abstract: The electric discharge lamp has a discharge vessel, which is mounted in an outer bulb. A containment shield surrounds the discharge vessel and includes a glass sleeve and a helically coiled wire about the sleeve. Electrically isolated clamping leads extending from the seals axially secure the glass sleeve about the discharge vessel so that it is electrically isolated. The wire is fixed around the sleeve in an electrically floating manner, e.g. by clamping fit and/or by bent end portions secured over the ends of the glass sleeve. The construction of the lamp is simple and effective to protect the outer bulb from being damaged by an explosion of the lamp vessel and to prevent accelerated sodium depletion from the discharge vessel.

Abstract: A discharge tube of the type wherein a voltage is applied across a pair of electrodes to cause a discharge between the anode side electrode and the cathode side electrode. In the new discharge tube, opposing end portions of the pair of electrodes are formed into a non-acute configuration, and a large number of concave or convex portions are formed on a surface at least of the cathode side electrode. A stabilized high discharge voltage can be obtained from an initial stage of discharging with a comparatively small distance between the electrodes. Further, since the surface area of the electrodes is great, exhaustion of the electrodes are dispersed, and the electrodes are superior in durability. Further, since the distance between the electrodes is small, the discharge maintaining voltage is low and the energy loss is decreased.

Abstract: A low wattage metal halide discharge lamp includes an evacuated envelope wherein is disposed a heat loss reducing member having an arc tube therein and means for interrupting the circuit for the current flow which sustains the electrolytic sodium loss process. In one embodiment, the circuit interruption means includes supporting the arc tube and dome sleeve by a supporting rod that is affixed by a metal strap to the glass stem within the lamp. The primary circuit interrupting effect occurring upon the heat loss reducing member being supported about the arc tube in an electrically insulated manner so as to create a high path of resistance back to the power supply. A substantial reduction of sodium loss along with improved color constancy and voltage stability resulted from interruption of the electrolysis circuit.

Abstract: A double filamented lamp with one filament being a back up for the other filament may be formed with two internal capsules enclosed in a single exterior sheath. Each filament is securely positioned away from, and protected from the activity of the other filament. By securely coupling one capsule to the sheath, and the second capsule to the lamp base, both capsules are accurately positioned, and do not vibrate in the exterior sheath.

Abstract: A polarized screw base assuring constant angular orientation of a lamp has a polarizing locator for engaging a stop in a mating socket. The locator consists of a length of metal rod welded lengthwise on the crest of a base thread with multiple spot welds to assure adequate shear strength. The leading end of the locator is formed with a hooked or alternatively with a balled end to achieve a locking effect with the stop in the socket.

Abstract: This invention relates to electrical engineering.An arc tube support of a gaseous-discharge lamp is made from one piece of bent wire and has a central straight portion (1) placed along the arc tube (4) and loop-like end portions (2) embracing the sealed-in ends (5) of the arc tube (4). The loop-like portions (2) are made as spring grips and embrace the sealed-in ends (5) of the arc tube halfway.The support can be used for manufacturing arc mercury-quartz luminescent high-pressure lamps.

Abstract: Transverse mounting of the arc tube within the lamp jacket is effected through a mount featuring a hinged attachment of the arc tube between divergent support rods which serve also as electrical connectors to the electrodes. During manufacture the hinges permit the arc tube to be folded in line with one support rod attached at the stem leading and the other trailing for passage through the neck, and then allow the arc tube to be transversely erected in the jacket after which the other rod is attached at the stem. Erection of the arc tube simultaneously causes leaf springs to engage the sides of the bulb and centralize the arc tube in its transverse attitude.

Abstract: A tubular incandescent lamp which comprises an elongate transparent envelope; and a plurality of small lamps linearly arranged and extending lengthwise through the envelope, each of said small lamps containing a helically coiled filament and wherein the difference between the inner diameter of the envelope and the outer diameter of the respective lamps is chosen to be 2 mm or less.

Abstract: A location- or positionally-sensitive proportional counter tube of high resolution having a trough-shaped cathode in a counting chamber. A resiliently elastic wire forming the anode extends longitudinally through the counting chamber. Suitable fastening arrangements engage the ends of the wire so as to mount the wire equidistantly from the side walls of the cathode trough and in electrical communication with the input resistor of a preamplifier. The counting chamber is an openable high-pressure chamber with inlet and outlet apertures for a pressurized counter tube gas.

Abstract: A safety power conductor is disclosed in which the conductor includes light-emitting means in electrical communication with the conductor to signal the location of the conductor and the presence of an electrical potential in the conductor with respect to an electrical base or ground. The light emitting means is capable of transmitting the light signal both along the length of the conductor and laterally through the insulation or the covering of the conductor, at least at points spaced along the length of the conductor to provide a visible indication of both the actual location of the conductor and the fact that the conductor is in circuit with a source of electricity.