Abstract: A thin film electroluminescent (TFEL) edge emitter module and packaging assembly is composed of a TFEL edge emitter module including an electroluminescent (EL) stack having a linear array of spaced-apart pixels with light-emitting front edges, an enclosure defining a sealed cavity which encloses at least a portion of the EL stack so as to sealably enclose the array of pixels in a contaminant-free environment, a thermally expansive and contractive liquid substantially filling the sealed cavity, and a cavity capacity expansion and contraction mechanism disposed in the enclosure in communication with the cavity and the liquid therein. In response to thermal expansion of the volume of the liquid filling the cavity, the capacity expansion and contraction mechanism is operable to change from a first condition toward a second condition and thereby increase the liquid-holding capacity of the enclosure cavity.

Abstract: A high-power radiator, especially for ultraviolet light, wherein in order to increase the efficiency in the case of UV high-power cylindrical radiators, the inner dielectrics (3) are very small in comparison with the outer dielectric tube. A privileged direction of radiation is achieved by eccentric arrangement of the dielectrics and outer electrodes (2) only on the surface adjacent to the inner dielectric (3), and simultaneous construction of the outer electrode (7) as a reflector.

Abstract: In a high power microwave excited plasma system including a microwave energy source operatively coupled to a plasma tube for generating a plasma within the tube, a gaseous medium within the tube for supporting a plasma and a reflector for focusing radiation emitted from the tube, an improved cooling system for the tube is provided which comprises a jacket surrounding the tube and defining a passageway therearound, a source of liquid dimethyl polysiloxane, and a circulator for conducting the liquid dimethyl polysiloxane through the passageway in heat exchange relationship with the tube.

Abstract: A water-cooled low pressure gas or mercury vapor lamp which utilizes a cooling system to keep the lamp cool in the area where useful radiation is emitted. This is accomplished by means of a cooling chamber directly adjacent to the gas or mercury vapor discharge chamber. A cooling fluid is injected into the cooling chamber through a cooling inlet and exits the cooling chamber through a cooling outlet after traveling the cooling chamber's entire length. The cooling fluid removes the heat generated by the radiation and allows the useful emission to be optimized.

Abstract: A power electron tube cooled by the circulation of a fluid is disclosed. This tube comprises a hollow, cylindrical anode mounted coaxially around a hollow, cylindrical grid, itself surrounding a cathode. The interior of the anode is hermetically closed. A cooler with forced fluid circulation is formed by two coaxial, cylindrical jackets mounted around the anode. It defines a closed chamber connected to an inlet conduit and a removal conduit for the fluid. An electrical connection part for the anode is brazed, by one side, to the base of the anode and, by the other side, to a part that is solidly joined to the outer jacket of the cooler. This anode connection part forms an impervious wall closing the chamber of the cooler, and is in contact with the cooling fluid.

Abstract: A synchrotron radiation source and a method of making the same. As assembly of a beam absorber for absorbing synchrotron radiation beams and a piping for cooling the beam absorber is mounted in a charged particle beam duct of a bending section of the synchrotron radiation source for bending a charged particle beam. Fixed to at least one straight duct that is connectable to either of the opposite ends of the charged particle beam duch is a piping guide duct through which the beam absorber cooling piping is drawn to the outside, so that the assembly of the beam absorber and the beam absorber cooling piping can readily be mounted in the synchrotron radiation source.

Abstract: An improved optical radiation source for use in illumination that is obtained from a thinwall tubular arc lamp with a high input power density that delivers high brightness. It includes a constricting enclosure that exerts a compressive force upon the insulating tube forming the envelope of said lamp to counteract tensile strain in the tube caused by higher gas pressure within the tube and a higher thermal gradient within the walls of said tube.

Abstract: An end-viewed low-pressure gas discharge lamp and an envelope for said lamp having a capillary tube discharge bore for containing an excitable gas in which the capillary tube is in direct contact with a cooling medium. A window of optical quality fused silica, a thin section of bubble and particle free glass blown quality silica or sapphire is disposed on an end of the capillary tube for emitting light from a discharge of the excitable gas. A pair of electrodes are hermetically sealed through the envelope for producing a discharge in the capillary tube between the electrodes. The envelope may include a return path parallel to the capillary tube or a side tube as a means for connecting the two ends of the capillary tubes with the electrodes without obstructing the end view of the discharge. Filling the envelope with an excitable mixture of one or more gases, such as vaporized mercury, to a less than atmospheric pressure, and connecting the electrodes to a power supply completes the lamp.

Abstract: This invention provides a source of optical radiation of high brightness obtained from an output window that is located on the axis of an extended length arc discharge device. The arc discharge device is confined by an electrically insulating tubular element, and caused by the tubular element to have an extended length to diameter ratio. The tubular element is provided with a reflecting surface that improves efficiency and increases output. Means are provided to transfer heat from the tubular element and to support high internal gas pressure, and to thereby facilitate use of a very high brightness arc discharge.

Abstract: The high-power radiator comprises a discharge space (12) bounded by a metal electrode (8), cooled on one side, and a dielectric (9). The discharge space (12) is filled with a noble gas or gas mixture. Both the dielectric (9) and the other electrode situated on the surface of the dielectric (9) facing away from the discharge space (12) are transparent for the radiation generated by quiet electric discharges. In this manner, a large-area UV radiator with high efficiency is created which can be operated at high electrical power densities of up to 50 kW/m.sup.2 of active electrode surface.

Abstract: A magnetron apparatus comprises a magnetron with an anode cylinder, and a radiator having an integral construction and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the anode cylinder so as to allow cooling air to pass therethrough. The radiator includes a plurality of horizontal plates arranged in stages and each having a cylindrical portion for receiving the anode cylinder, and a pair of vertical walls which connect adjacent ends of the horizontal plates, the vertical walls serving to maintain, between adjacent horizontal plates, a gap which is greater than the axial length of the cylindrical portion. The radiator, which has an integral construction of cooling plates; can be installed on the anode cylinder of the magnetron easily in such a manner to ensure a close contact between the radiator and the anode cylinder.

Abstract: An arc lamp of the type having an internally integral reflector including an electrode which has an inlet passageway which deliver fluid to a point below the electrode tip and also has an outlet passageway to withdraw fluid from the electrode. The arc lamp further includes a housing which has an internal cavity which houses the body of the arc lamp. The internal cavity of the housing has a spiral passageway which directs fluid around the body of the lamp for improved cooling efficiency.

Abstract: A projection television receiver comprises at least one cathode ray tube for receiving video signals and projecting images therefrom, the tube including a face; a lens mounted adjacent to the face for focusing the images projected by the tube; and a coolant disposed between the lens and the face for absorbing and dissipating heat from the tube, the coolant means including 1,3-butylene glycol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display tube which is cooled by a flow of a translucent cooling liquid through a sealed space adjacent the display window, stimulated by a fluid-driven pump having two chambers, a drive chamber driven by a remotely located active electric motor driven pump, and a pump chamber responsive to the drive chamber and connected to the sealed space. Fields generated by the motor of the electric pump do not interfere with the operation of the display tube.

Abstract: An x-radiator has a housing in which an x-ray tube is disposed surrounded by an electrically insulating coolant and having a circulation system for the coolant. The housing is substantially filled with the coolant, and a heat exchanger is disposed outside of the housing through which the coolant is pumped. *) The direction of flow of the coolant is automatically reversible dependent on the three-dimensional position of the x-radiator. *) For aiding in dissipating heat from said coolant a cooling fluid is circulated through the heat exchanger isolated from the coolant.

Abstract: A coupled cavity travelling wave tube has a coupling wall/ferro-magnetic pole piece formed as an iron-copper-iron sandwich with a coolant channel therein defined at least in part by the inner copper member of the sandwich. Where the coolant channel is defined also in part by a surface of an outer ferromagnetic member, at least that surface is electroplated.

Abstract: The invention described herein discloses a method and apparatus for controlling the Hg vapor pressure within a lamp. This is done by establishing and controlling two temperature zones within the lamp. One zone is colder than the other zone. The first zone is called the cold spot. By controlling the temperature of the cold spot, the Hg vapor pressure within the lamp is controlled. Likewise, by controlling the Hg vapor pressure of the lamp, the intensity and linewidth of the radiation emitted from the lamp is controlled.

Abstract: An improved structure for cooling a cathode ray tube apparatus for projecting color images includes a cooling medium contained in a space defined by a front panel of the cathode ray tube, a front panel or lens, and a metallic frame for transferring heat from the tube to the frame. An improvement includes an air or expansion chamber communicating with the defined cooling medium space to permit expansion of the heated cooling medium into the chamber, while preserving the distance between the front panel of the tube and the lens.

Abstract: A cooling system for a projection television receiver, the receiver having at least one cathode ray tube with a face thereon, comprising a lens for focusing light exiting from the tube; a frame supporting the lens in alignment with the face of the tube for defining a cooling chamber between the lens and the face with a fluid therein; and seals for sealing the tube and the lens to the frame in a fluid-tight manner and essentially preventing gas from the fluid sealed in the chamber from exiting the chamber. The seals are preferably of a material which is essentially, impermeable to the passage of the gas, such as co-vulcanized ethylene propylene rubber and polydimethyle siloxane.

Abstract: An efficiently cooled display tube is obtained by pumping a low viscosity liquid having a high heat capacity through a cooling space less than 1 mm. thick on the outside of the display window. A chamber is smoothly connected to the inlet aperture of the cooling space to assure a laminar flow, eliminating swirls which could give rise to refractive patterns in the display picture.

Abstract: A projection picture tube includes a bulb, a sealing chamber disposed in contact with a front surface of a phosphor screen panel of the bulb and sealed with a liquid coolant, and a holding mechanism for holding the sealing chamber by the bulb. The sealing chamber includes a transparent member disposed in front of the phosphor screen panel to be spaced apart therefrom, a heat dissipation member which is disposed between the transparent member and the phosphor screen panel and part of which is in contact with the liquid coolant sealed in the sealing chamber, seal members respectively disposed between the heat dissipation member and the phosphor screen panel and between the heat dissipation member and the transparent member, and a holding piece for holding the transparent member on the heat dissipation member. The holding mechanism is coupled to the heat dissipation member.

Abstract: A projection television receiver comprises at least one cathode ray tube for receiving video signals and projecting images therefrom, the tube including a face; a lens mounted adjacent to the face for focusing the images projected by the tube; and a coolant disposed between the lens and the face for absorbing and dissipating heat from the tube, the lens and the coolant having substantially the same refractive index for reducing reflection. The coolant may be a mixture of glycerol and ethylene glycol including about 20 to about 40% by weight of glycerol.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid cooled stationary anode tube wherein the anode is adapted for irradiation by an energy beam, and includes a heat exchange surface, said tube includes means for providing a flow of coolant liquid to remove heat from said heat exchange surface by formation of nucleate vapor bubbles on said heat exchange surface, said liquid tending to include a viscous sublayer adjacent to said heat exchange surface, the improvement wherein said heat exchange surface includes at least one of: means for forming pressure gradients in said liquid having a component prependicular to said heat exchange surface to facilitate removal of said nucleate bubbles; and means for breaking up said viscous sublayer to facilitate removal of said nucleate bubbles, and wherein said heat exchange surface comprises a series of curved surfaces, each adjacent the next said curved surfaces being generally circular symmetric about the central axis of said anode and wherein septum members with corresponding curved surfaces, w

Abstract: Projection television display tube comprising an evacuated envelope having a display window provided on its inside with a display screen, a transparent second window which is disposed in front of said display window on its outside, and a transparent coolant flowing through the space between the display window and the second window, said coolant conveying the heat taken up at the display window through a cooling member to the atmosphere. The coolant is also in thermally conducting contact with a latent heat accumulator, so that an effective cooling is obtained even at peak loads of more than 40 W, and without external pipes.

Abstract: For cooling the faceplate of a high-energy cathode ray tube in an in-line television projection system, a cooling cell (5) constructed as a separate entity is interposed between the CRT faceplate (2) and the transmission lens (3) which is arranged in front of and in line with the cathode ray (1). The cooling cell comprises two flexible transparent diaphragms (6 and 7) which are connected at their peripheries to form an enclosure (8) for containing a cooling liquid and which are arranged in contact with the front surface 2a of the CRT faceplate and the rear surface (4) of the lens. The cooling cell has an inlet (11) and an outlet (12) through which circulating liquid enters and leaves the cell.

Abstract: A display device with a cooling circuit in the screen to limit the rise in temperature of the luminescent material, particularly during strong current densities of the electron beam. The device comprises a window formed of an optical fiber plate of which one or several cladding glasses have been partially removed in order to form channels for the passage of a cooling liquid while maintaining studs comprising light conductors formed by the glass core surrounded by a cladding glass of the optical fiber plate. A transparent display window having a luminescent layer is glued or sealed to the window thus constituting a cooling network connected to an external circulation by pipes embedded in moulding tubes.

Abstract: In this invention, disposed in front of a front panel (1a) of a cathode ray tube (1) is a transparent panel (2) through a metal spacer (3) which serves also as a heat radiator, a liquid tight space (5) is formed between the front panel (1a) and the transparent panel (2), a transparent liquid coolant (6) is sealed in the space (5), a protruded portion (3C) is provided on at least the upper end portion of the transparent panel (2) and an extended space (5A) into which the liquid coolant is injected is formed between the protruded portion and the metal spacer (3), whereby it is possible to effectively radiate the heat generated in the front panel (1a) of the cathode ray tube (1).

Abstract: A cathode ray tube apparatus having a glass panel in front of the phosphor screen made of a material which has an X-ray absorption coefficient larger than that of the backing on which the phosphor layer is applied. The two panels are separated by means of a spacer and a liquid coolant is incorporated into the space between the panels to enhance the heat radiation effect of the phosphor surface and to avoid the radiation of X-rays.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a halogen lamp unit comprising a tubular halogen lamp having at its both ends sealed portions hermetically enclosing their respective conductive members. The halogen lamp is supported by holders at its tubular outer wall portions of the envelope adjacent to the sealed end portions without base shells which cover the sealed portions. The holders are cooled by a water-cooling system. The sealed end portions of the lamp are kept in a bare state, thereby avoiding the degradation of the conductive members due to the oxidation thereof. The sealed end portions may be exposed in air-paths to the cooling wind flowing along the tubular halogen lamp.

Abstract: A color projector apparatus including a single cathode ray tube of index-type having a first transparent panel with phosphor elements of three primary colors and an indexing element formed on the inner surface thereof, a second transparent panel located in front of the first transparent panel of cathode ray tube, a metal frame-shape spacer for supporting the second transparent panel, and a transparent liquid coolant filled into the space between the first and second transparent panels.

Abstract: A high power vacuum tube 10 has a cylindrical body 16 and a plurality of radially extending fins 18. A cylindrical wall 20 is co-axially disposed about the body and the fins, thus defining an air channel between the body and the wall. To cool the tube, air is forced into the channel from an entry port, and leaves the channel through an exit port. The cooling capacity of the system is optimized by contouring the entry and exit ports to minimize aerodynamic drag. In one embodiment, the entry into the channel is flared outward and a cone assembly 42 is provided adjacent the longitudinal end of the body 16 nearest the exit port. This cone assembly thus forms a continuation of the body 16 which tapers to a smaller cross section in the direction of air flow. The cone assembly may be formed of a stack of discs 70 of successively smaller diameter. The exit port, which may have either rigid or flexible sidewalls, has a venturi shape to further reduce drag.

Abstract: A x-ray tube housing assembly is disclosed which includes a manifold for distributing incoming coolant within the housing in the area adjacent the hot zone of the x-ray tube. The manifold preferably comprises a generally tubular conductor circumferentially disposed about a first axis which is generally parallel to the axis of the tube housing.

Abstract: An irradiation apparatus is disclosed in which a low-pressure mercury lamp having a flat, elongated lamp tube is provided that is suitable for high intensity photochemical disinfecting and sterilization of materials. The irradiation apparatus includes a flat outer envelope, surrounding the lamp tube and ducts positioned along the narrow sides of the lamp tube to permit cooling of the apparatus and optionally the efficient generation of ozone. Various structures into which the apparatus may be incorporated for the immersion irradiation of fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: The external outline of the transverse section of the walls externally bounding the cavities (4) is circular, but the thickness of these walls is not constant, being smaller in the zones of these walls which are not traversed by the cooling ducts (5) than in the other zones. Application to travelling-wave tubes carried in aircraft.

Abstract: Magnetically focussed tube having a gate cooler separate from the anode cooler and of higher power capacity than previous magnetically focussed tubes. Other structural features include simplified anode and cooling jacket and heat barrier at ends of cathode.

Abstract: Apparatus for contacting contaminated water with ultra-violet light to eliminate potentially harmful organisms as well as to provide air cooling necessary for efficient operation of the UV lamp and simultaneous production of ozone in the apparatus for secondary disinfection of the water, the water after treatment by the ultraviolet light being discharged into a water storage tank, and the irradiated air that contains the ozone being discharged into the tank into contact with the water for carrying out the secondary disinfection.

Abstract: A travelling wave tube of the coupled cavity type including a slow wave propagating structure comprised of a linear array of transverse plates axially spaced apart to provide a sequential series of interposed cavities, each of the plates having a cavity coupling aperture radially spaced from an electron beam transmitting aperture and spanned by at least one thermally conductive, dielectric member made of diamond material, which has respective surface areas disposed in thermal contact with opposing side walls of the cavity coupling aperture.

Abstract: A method for making a color imaging device that comprises means for sensing radiation comprising a planar array of charge-handling semiconductive photosensors, at least some of the photosensors having a radiation sensing area with at least one dimension less than about 100 micrometers, and superimposed thereon, filter means for controlling access of radiation to the sensing means. The filter means comprises a transparent, polymeric dye receiving layer for receiving heat-transferable dyes and further comprises a plurality of radiation intercepting means defining a planar array of filter elements lying in the receiving layer in micro-registration with the sensing areas of the photosensors. The filter area of each intercepting means contains at least one heat-transferable dye transferred to the dye receiving layer by heating and diffusion. The heat-transferable dye absorbs radiation in at least one portion of the spectrum and transmits radiation in at least one other portion of the spectrum.

Abstract: A magnetically focused coaxial triode structure includes a central longitudinal cathode, an intermediate control electrode around the cathode, and an outer tubular anode. The control electrode supports the inner cathode and is mounted on insulating spacers at the ends. Axial transverse slots along the control electrode provide openings for the electron beam. The anode has flat longitudinal water cooling channels connected by annular recesses at the ends.

Abstract: A cold-cathode ion source includes a specially shaped hollow anode and specially shaped anode-cathode insulators to preclude the buildup of short-circuiting bridges of sputtered cathode material. When used with solid feed material, the source can also include an oven-anode having cavities for vaporizing the solid feed material and passages connecting the cavities to the bore of the anode. The geometry of the oven-anode provides an increasing temperature gradient from the cavities to the bore that minimizes condensation of vaporized feed material that could block the ports.

Abstract: A cooling assembly particularly suitable for use with high brightness light sources requiring compact housing. The assembly comprises an air cooled heat sink and a connecting means being flexible and having a high thermal conductivity coefficient. This device provides an efficient method for cooling filament leads in the seal end of high brightness lamps and the joint between the lamp and reflector, thereby increasing lamp life.