Abstract: A vacuum pad suctions a workpiece by utilizing a vacuum pressure, and includes a support member having a vacuum passage inside, a bellows secured to the support member, and a restriction member attached to an inner side of the bellows. When the bellows is contracted, the restriction member comes into the vacuum passage.

Abstract: Dynamically-variable graphic displays, including a panel comprised of colored microspheres, each a single pixel with an embedded electrical charge; one or more electrodes capable of receiving an electrical charge, each electrode situated so that it can interact with at least one of said microspheres; an energy source connected to the electrodes via conductive elements capable of changing the polarity of said electrodes, such change in polarity causing the microspheres to move to change the color displayed to a viewer; and a substrate. Also included within the invention are dynamically-variable graphic display panels that enable one-way graphics through distribution of pixels to create image and silhouette patterns, wherein the image pattern is visible from the front of the panel under conditions of illumination, and wherein the silhouette pattern creates a substantially transparent area of clear vision from the back of the display panel through the panel.

Abstract: Insulating crystals are coated on a metal mesh of a storage tube and give rise to a hysteresis effect with respect to the passage of flood electrons through the metal mesh, the hysteresis effect being caused by the persistent polarization of the insulating crystals when an electric field has been applied and the depolarization of the crystals due to the irradiation of an electron beam having an energy which is large enough to penetrate through the negative field produced by the persistent polarization. The clean surface of the insulating crystals, which contains recombination centers of electrons and holes and the deep traps of electrons and holes, is an essential feature of the insulating crystals and are necessary for the hysteresis effect with respect to the passage of the flood electrons through the metal mesh.

Abstract: A storage target is disclosed for use in a scan converter storage tube, direct view storage tube, etc. Included are a storage substrate in the form of a single crystal of sapphire, and a collector electrode in the shape of a directional pattern on a storage surface of the storage substrate. In order to afford a high writing speed the directional pattern of the collector electrode is oriented at an angle ranging from -45 degrees to +45 degrees with respect to the projection of the c axis of the single sapphire crystal on the storage surface of the substrate. The collector electrode is preferably in the form of electrically interconnected parallel stripes extending in the direction of the projected c axis.

Abstract: A flat storage cathode ray tube with enhanced brightness is described. A mesh collector and a dielectric storage site array form an integral part of a silicon wafer. The silicon wafer includes thereon an addressable array of field effect transistors having a field effect transistor associated with a dielectric storage site in the storage site array for controlling a writing of the dielectric storage site. The addressable array of transistors works in cooperation with a flooding electron gun to effect selective writing of the storage site array. The enhanced brightness cathode ray tube may be adapted for use in a projection display.

Abstract: An information storage device having an evacuated envelope containing writing means which is adapted to produce, in response to an input signal and by causing emission of secondary electrons, a charge pattern on a storage target disposed within the envelope. The storage target includes a semiconducting layer and a storage layer providing alternate semiconducting regions and storage regions. The semiconducting layer consists essentially of semiconductor material of substantially single conductivity type and the storage regions consist essentially of a secondary electron-emissive insulating compound of a semiconductor material. One of the two layers is interrupted and exposes portions of the other layer. A collector electrode disposed within the envelope intercepts the secondary electrons emitted by the target. The target is provided with means for applying electrical potential thereto and extracting signals therefrom.

Abstract: A charge storage target of cathode ray electron devices comprises a conductive layer and a resistive layer having a common interface therewith, and an insulative layer. At least one of the layers has perforations so that only the resistive and insulative layers are exposed to electron impingement. The perforations define a plurality of elemental regions on which elemental electron image is stored. The resistive regions that cover the underlying conductive layer serve as buffer areas for the entering electrons of which the magnitude is proportional to the amount of charges deposited on the exposed insulative regions, and transfer the stored energy to the underlying layer.

Abstract: A method for storing data in an archival memory semiconductor target by providing a masking layer of a conductive material on the surface of an insulative layer upon the top surface of a semiconductor substrate; the material layer is assigned a two-dimensional array of possible data storage sites. The masking layer at those storage sites at which a first binary value is to be stored, is melted; the selected material is one which, at the melting temperature thereof, does not wet the surface of the chosen insulator whereby apertures are formed by the writing electron beam in the masking layer, at energy levels insufficient to evaporate the masking material. The writing beam energy is reduced at the data sites at which data bits of the remaining binary value are to be stored, and does not melt the masking material thereat.

Abstract: An improved bistable storage target structure for a cathode-ray tube includes a faceplate-supported transparent target electrode covered by a transparent insulating layer. Overlying the insulating layer is an apertured web collector electrode and a storage component of secondary emissive material formed by a plurality of phosphor deposits disposed within the web apertures. A patterned layer of insulating material is provided overlying the web electrode to isolate the phosphor deposits from the collector electrode.

Abstract: A storage target includes a dielectric storage medium in the form of a relatively rigid sheet of insulating material having high density, such as a single crystal sheet of sapphire. A film electrode is formed, as by vapor deposition of nickel or like conductive material, on one of the surfaces of the storage medium. An array of openings are defined by and extend through the storage medium and film electrode. In some embodiments the collector electrode of a direct-view storage tube is formed on the other surface of the storage medium, also as by vapor deposition of nickel and subsequent etching.

Abstract: An improved bistable storage target structure for a cathode ray tube includes a faceplate-supported apertured web collector electrode and a discontinuous layer of secondary emissive material formed by a plurality of phosphor deposits disposed within the web apertures. A layer of insulating material is provided overlying the web electrode to electrically isolate the phosphor deposits.

Abstract: A mesh electrode for a c.r.t. display device consists of a number of coplanar portions of mesh insulated from each other, and secured to a support plate by means of two layers of refractory compound. The first layer is applied to the support plate and allowed to set before the second layer is applied so as to space the mesh portions from the support plate by at least the thickness of the first layer.

Abstract: A storage target for a cathode ray tube is formed by adhering a layer of glass to the rear of a glass faceplate and etching depressions or apertures in such layer. Secondary emissive dielectric or phosphor material applied in these depressions will have uniform depth and therefore uniform storage properties. A storage target according to the present invention is provided with a collector on the glass layer between the apertures therein, as well as with an undercollector between the glass layer and the faceplate.

Abstract: A television camera tube having a discrete structure of photosensitive elements provided on an electrically conductive carrier covered entirely with photoconductive material or another resistance material, so that with a suitable potential applied to the carrier a potential distribution occurs having successive saddle points for the scanning beam. Variation and exposure of the discrete photoconductive elements then results in a variation in beam splitting in the saddle points, as a result of which the tube has a greater or smaller extent of natural amplification.The invention relates to a television camera tube having a target which is to be scanned by an electron beam and which comprises a transparent electrically conductive signal electrode and discrete structure of photosensitive elements provided on an electrically conductive carrier.Such a camera tube is known from the U.S. Pat. No.

Abstract: A digitizing matrix for electron beams of the type wherein electrons are permitted to pass through openings in the matrix to a target which is scanned with an electron beam. The target is formed from a series of stacked electrode units each formed by electrically-conductive layers extending perpendicular to each other and through which the aforesaid openings pass. By establishing an electrical potential between crossed conductive layers, an electric field will be generated in the area defined by the crossed conductors to stop passage of electrons through one or more of the openings in the aforesaid area. The invention is characterized in that the stacked electrodes are formed as a single unit by thick film techniques wherein successive layers of a dielectric and crossed conductive layers are formed. The assembly facilitates the fabrication of very thin, high electron efficiency, low capacity and low cost flat panel matrices.

Abstract: An electron source is disclosed for generating a flow of electrons of substantially narrow energy distribution. Such a source may be incorporated into a cathode ray tube (CRT) where the beam of narrow energy electrons is modulated, as by a grid or other target element of the CRT; the current control characteristics of the CRT are dependent upon the energy distribution of the electron beam, and as the width of this distribution in the beam or flow of electrons is decreased, the sensitivity of the CRT is increased. In accordance with the teachings of this invention, the electron beam source includes a mirror element for critically absorbing incident electrons whose energy is above a predetermined value. Electrons whose energy is below the critical predetermined value are reflected from the mirror element to form an electron flow of a substantially uniform energy level.

Abstract: A direct view storage tube with improved brightness and contrast provided by means of a current grain electrode positioned between the storage electrode and the output screen of the tube.

Abstract: The time duration of an erasing cycle is shortened and "raster burn" is reduced by first applying potentials which result in a substantially uniform charge over the storage surface by means of secondary electron redistribution. This causes the storage target surface to assume a substantially uniform "white" level. Thereafter, the charge on the storage target surface is reduced to a substantially uniform "black" level.