Abstract: A profile assembly produced from a first profile and a second profile connected longitudinally by cold joining. Both profiles bear complementary clamping structures on long sides thereof facing toward one another for cold joining together. The clamping structure of the first profile comprises a clamping head formed on a web and forming an undercut on each side of the web by way of a greater extension in the profile transverse direction in relation to that of the web. The clamping structure of the second profile comprises a clamping head receptacle for accommodating a section of the clamping head and a clinching leg, formed on a profile-exterior leg of the clamping head receptacle, having a first profile arm protruding before cold joining and a second profile arm formed at an angle thereon, the free end of which engages behind the clamping head and, before cold joining, faces toward a clamping pocket of the first profile.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing electrons in a plasma flood gun is disclosed. The apparatus includes an indirectly heated cathode (IHC) which is contained within a pre-fabricated cartridge. This cartridge can be readily replaced in a plasma flood gun. In addition, the use of an IHC reduces the amount of contaminants that are injected into the workpiece or wafer.

Abstract: A LED bulb includes a bulb head, a power PCBA of which a bottom is equipped with power pins, a LED PCB mounted to a top of the power PCBA and electrically connecting with the power PCBA, and a cover covered on the LED PCB. The bulb head includes a housing, electrical terminals disposed in the housing and including an anode terminal and a cathode terminal, and a power connection unit mounted to a bottom of the housing and including a bulb base and an anode element. One end of the anode terminal is electrically connected with a top end of the anode element. One end of the cathode terminal projects outside the housing to be electrically connected with the bulb base. The power PCBA is mounted on the housing. The power pins are electrically connected with another two ends of the anode terminal and the cathode terminal.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a lamp base element for holding a transformer is provided. The lamp base element may include a transformer chamber which holds the transformer, wherein the transformer is held completely in the transformer chamber, and wherein the contact pins of the transformer are passed through a contact-making face of the transformer chamber, which contact-making face is opposite an opening face.

Abstract: An LED lamp includes a heat dissipator, a cap, a module substrate fixed to an end of the heat dissipator and on which an LED chip is mounted, a light diffusing member mounted on an end surface of the heat dissipater so as to be located opposite the LED chip, a lighting circuit incorporated in the heat dissipator, and a glass block having an open end and formed with a recess. The light diffusing member is accommodated in the recess of the block through the open end of the glass block, and the heat dissipator is secured to the block so that the heat dissipator and the cap are exposed outside the block. When the block is placed on a placement surface, the LED lamp stands by itself by weight of the block in such a manner that the cap is prevented from contacting the placement surface.

Abstract: An electron beam emitter comprises a housing enclosing a cathode capable of emitting electrons within the housing and a window for allowing the emitted electrons to exit the housing, wherein the housing has an opening adapted to be at least partly engaged with a high voltage connector assembly, the assembly being adapted to connect the cathode to a power supply, the electron beam emitter further comprising a cooling flange surrounding the opening and having an interior channel extending between an inlet port and an outlet port for receiving cooling fluid for cooling the high voltage connector assembly. The invention further relates to a method of cooling an electron beam device.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to an integrated gas discharge lamp including a lamp base, a gas discharge lamp burner and an ignition electronics, wherein the integrated gas discharge lamp includes an operation electronics for operating the gas discharge lamp burner, and the gas discharge lamp burner, the ignition electronics, and the operation electronics are unseparably coupled with each other.

Abstract: An electrode unit is disposed in a substrate processing apparatus including a processing chamber for processing a substrate by plasma. The electrode unit includes an electrode layer having a surface exposed to inside of the processing chamber and an opposing surface disposed at the opposite side of the exposed surface, a heating layer and a cooling layer that the electrode layer, the heating layer and the cooling layer are disposed in said order from the processing chamber. The heating layer covers the opposing surface of the electrode layer while the cooling layer covers the opposing surface of the electrode layer via the heating layer, and a heat transfer layer filled up with a heat transfer medium is interposed between the heating layer and the cooling layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a low pressure discharge lamp having a coating disposed upon at least a portion of inner lead-in wires, wherein the coating comprises refractory nanoparticles. Also disclosed herein, in particular, are fluorescent lamps having a coating disposed upon at least a portion of inner lead-in wires, the coating comprising refractory oxide nanoparticles having a median primary particle size of less than about 70 nm, with a thickness of from about 0.5 micrometer to about 10 micrometer. Disclosed advantages may include lessened end discoloration over the operational lifetime of the lamp, enhanced lumen maintenance, and inhibited mercury consumption.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a light emitting device includes a first lead, a light emitting element, a second lead and a molded body. The first lead includes a die pad portion having a major surface and a recess provided in the major surface, a bent portion bent toward above the major surface, and a thermally conductive portion extending outward from the die pad portion. The first lead is provided with a slit at an end of a fold. The light emitting element is bonded to a bottom surface of the recess. The second lead with one end portion is opposed to one end portion of the first lead. The molded body covers the light emitting element, the bent portion, the die pad portion, the thermally conductive portion, and the one end portion of the second lead, penetrates through the slit, and is made of a resin.

Abstract: A highly heat resistant wire based on niobium or tantalum or niobium tantalum alloy for single-side socket lamps is enriched, according to the invention, with phosphorus and converted into an annealed state. The wire exhibits a yield strength Rp 0.2 of at least 200 MPa or a tensile strength Rm of at least 300 MPa. For the production of a frame for single-side socket lamps, a metal based on niobium or tantalum or an alloy thereof is doped with phosphorus and the doped metal is cold shaped into a wire, this wire is annealed and formed into a frame. This frame is used for the simultaneous current supply and holding of a burner in a single-side socket lamp.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp may include an elongate ceramic discharge vessel with a central part and two ends and an axis, the ends being closed by seals, electrodes which extend into the discharge volume enclosed by the discharge vessel being anchored in the seals, and a fill which contains metal halides being accommodated in the discharge vessel, wherein a ring structure, which is separated from the seal and extends around the seal, is placed on at least one end.

Abstract: A highly heat resistant wire based on niobium or tantalum or niobium tantalum alloy for single-side socket lamps is enriched, according to the invention, with phosphorus and converted into an annealed state. The wire exhibits a yield strength Rp 0.2 of at least 200 MPa or a tensile strength Rm of at least 300 MPa. For the production of a frame for single-side socket lamps, a metal based on niobium or tantalum or an alloy thereof is doped with phosphorus and the doped metal is cold shaped into a wire, this wire is annealed and formed into a frame. This frame is used for the simultaneous current supply and holding of a burner in a single-side socket lamp.

Abstract: A method of making an HID lamp and an HID lamp that includes a ceramic envelope with a ceramic capillary, wherein the capillary has an electrode feed-through therein that is sealed inside the capillary by a frit seal that extends inside the capillary a first distance from a distal end of the capillary, and a ceramic heat sink around at least half an external diameter of the capillary, wherein the heat sink is separated from the envelope and from the distal end of the capillary and the heat sink is in thermally conductive contact with the capillary and has an external diameter at least 1.5 times the external diameter of the capillary. In one preferred embodiment, the heat sink does not overlap the frit seal.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light source including a light-emitting element, an electrode electrically connected to the light-emitting element, and a heat radiation terminal electrically isolated from the light-emitting element; and a multilayer substrate including a plurality of insulating layers, a plurality of metal layers, an electrically conducting interlayer contact portion, and a heat-conducting interlayer contact portion. The insulating layers include all insulating layer having a mount surface on which the light source is mounted with the electrode and the heat radiation terminal therebetween. The metal layers include an electrically conducting metal layer electrically connected to the electrode and disposed so as to be separated from the light source by the insulating layer having the mount surface and an electrically isolated metal layer electrically isolated from the other metal layers and disposed most distant from the mount surface of all the metal layers.

Abstract: A cold cathode fluorescent lamp has an improved heat dissipation characteristic without an overall increase in size, and a lead wire thereof does not readily break. The cold cathode fluorescent lamp (20) includes electrodes (28 and 30) composed of electrode main bodies (28a and 30a) that are located in an interior of a glass bulb (21), a lead wire (28b and 30b), the glass bulb (21) having ends into which the lead wires are sealed, and a heat dissipater (32 and 34) that is provided on an other portion of the lead wire, the other portion being outside the glass bulb 21. The portion of the heat dissipater surrounding the lead wire (28b and 30b) are in contact with the end surfaces (21c and 21d) of the glass bulb, when viewed externally along an extending direction of the lead wire.

Abstract: To devise a small light source device in which breaking of the bulb of the light source lamp can be suppressed and in which breaking of the bulb will not damage the window component, a light source lamp supported in a housing by only one of two hermetically sealed tubes at opposite ends of an arc tube, a cooling rib is mounted on a lead pin in the one of the sealed tubes that faces toward the window component and has a larger dimension in the radial direction than the maximum diameter of the opening edge of the light exit opening in the housing. The cooling rib serves to block bulb fragments and should it contact the peripheral edge area of the light exit opening with its edge that faces the window component, due to its size, neither the lead pin nor the cooling rib will contact the window component.

Abstract: A method of making an HID lamp and an HID lamp that includes a ceramic envelope with a ceramic capillary, wherein the capillary has an electrode feed-through therein that is sealed inside the capillary by a frit seal that extends inside the capillary a first distance from a distal end of the capillary, and a ceramic heat sink around at least half an external diameter of the capillary, wherein the heat sink is separated from the envelope and from the distal end of the capillary and the heat sink is in thermally conductive contact with the capillary and has an external diameter at least 1.5 times the external diameter of the capillary. In one preferred embodiment, the heat sink does not overlap the frit seal.

Abstract: A lamp comprising a base part (2) for connecting the lamp to a lamp holder, a bulb (1) attached to said base part (2), which bulb (1) contains a burner (4) and a gas, and a shielding member (7) between the burner (4) and the base part (2). The shielding member (7) divides the space (3) inside the bulb (1) into two volumes (8, 9). One or more openings (10) connect said two volumes (8, 9), so that the convection flow (12) in one volume (8) interacts with the flow (13) in the other volume (9).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for cooling an arc lamp have been disclosed. In one embodiment, the arc lamp assembly includes an arc lamp, a first heat sink coupled to an anode of the arc lamp, and a thermally conductive ring surrounding a first part of the outer surface of a reflector body of the arc lamp to thermally couple the reflector body to the first heat sink. Other embodiments have been described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light source device including discharge tubes that emit light by discharging in a thin atmosphere, a method of producing the light source device, and a display apparatus in which the light source device is employed. This light source device includes discharge tubes and a heat conductive member that is brought into contact with the neighboring area of the electrodes of the discharge tubes so as to locally cool down the neighboring area of the electrodes. In the light source device, a low heat conductivity member having lower heat conductivity than the heat conductive member is interposed between the heat conductive member and the discharge tubes. With such a structure, the luminance in the entire light source device can be increased and made uniform, and the reliability of the light source device can be increased accordingly.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp (10) includes a bulb (2) provided with a pair of electrode coils (3) at both ends thereof. Each of the electrode coils (3) is mounted between two lead wires (4a, 4b) held by a bulb-end glass (5). A means for preventing overheating (20) of the bulb-end glass is mounted between the lead wires (4a, 4b) located between the electrode coil (3) and the bulb-end glass (5). The means for preventing overheating (20) includes a glass member (20) and a first and a second metallic pin (22a, 22b) for supporting the glass member (20). One end of each of the metallic pins (22a, 22b) is connected to the lead wires (4a, 4b), respectively. Both metallic pins (22a, 22b) are provided not in contact with each other. Before the electrode coil (3) in the last period of the life, in which an emissive coating has been dissipated, is disconnected, the glass member (20) is heated by a conductive heat, a radiant heat, and intermittent pulse discharge.

Abstract: A flash discharge lamp includes a pair of electrodes i.e. an anode and a cathode, oppositely disposed in at both ends of the glass bulb. An electro-conductive member is provided on the outer surface of the glass tube. A triggering electrode is mounted on the cathode and electrically connected to the electro-conductive member. Xenon gas is sealed in the glass tube. The flash discharge lamp further includes at least one High Temperature Resistant electrode mounted on the cathode and at least one Getter electrode mounted on the cathode and/or the anode. Not only can the above design increase the discharge output power and the discharge frequency, but it also extends the life expectancy of the flash discharge lamp.

Abstract: A magnetron including a tubular metallic container which is air-tightly connected to an anode, cathode leads for supporting a cathode with filaments being disposed in a central axial portion of the anode, a stem insulator formed with through holes through which the cathode leads pass, and external terminals formed with planar portions which are air-tightly connected to a surface of the stem insulator opposite to a surface facing the tubular metallic container and with connecting portions which are air-tightly connected to the cathode leads. The connecting portions are arranged to be bent in an axial direction of the cathode leads. It is possible to exhibit the effect of preventing vacuum break from occurring by oxidation or the like since the increase in the area of the connecting portions will result in elongation of the distance between the end portions of the connecting portions and the through holes.

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp having a highly reliable sealed portion. The lamp has an arc tube including a discharge portion of translucent ceramic in which a discharge metal is filled and a pair of electrodes is disposed; small tubular portions coupled to both ends of the discharge portion; feeder bodies inserted into the small tubular portions; and a sealing material sealing the gap between the feeder body and the small tubular portion at the end portion opposite to the discharge portion. The end of the small tubular portions and the inner surface of the discharge portion define a discharge space. The feeder bodies are composed of a conductive cermet and connected to the electrodes. The ends of the feeder bodies extend at least to the ends of the small tubular portions. The temperature of the end of the sealing material on the discharge space side during the lamp operation is not more than 800° C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling window foils for extracting electron beams from a scanning type electron beam accelerator, the accelerator includes a primary window foil of double window type and a secondary window foil, the method and the apparatus are characterized by blowing cooling gasses against an electron beam scanning surface from both sides thereof to cool the primary window foil then reversing the flow of the cooling gasses at the center of the primary window foil, and circulating the cooling gasses by sucking the cooling gasses from both sides of the electron beam scanning surface to thereby simultaneously cool the secondary window foil.

Abstract: An integrated circuit vacuum tube array includes an insulating or highly resistive substrate, electrically conductive materials disposed on the substrate to define and surround a plurality of first voids extending from the substrate upwardly through the material, a plurality of cathodes disposed on the material to bridge over the respective first voids, for emitting electrons when heated by circuitry that selectively heats the cathodes, first electrically resistive material disposed on the electrically conductive material to surround the cathodes and define a plurality of second voids thereabove, an electrically conductive grid disposed on the electrically resistive material to project partially into the second voids to define an opening in the grid above each cathode, for allowing the passage of electrons therethrough, circuitry to selectively apply a voltage to the grid to control electron flow and thereby control the electrical current produced at the anodes, second electrically resistive material disposed

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a front plate having a substrate (1), a transparent electrode (4) and a bus electrode (5) disposed on the substrate, a dielectric layer (6) disposed on the electrodes (4,5), and a protective layer (7) disposed on the dielectric layer (6). A color filter is provided either on the substrate (1), between the electrode (5) and a first dielectric layer (6a), between the first dielectric layer (6a) and a second dielectric layer (6b), or between the second dielectric layer (6b) and the protective layer (7). The present invention provides for stable formation of a color filter and eliminates breakage of the electrodes (4,5).

Abstract: A high intensity discharge lamp has a light transmissive envelope and an arc tube located within the envelope. The arc tube contains an arc generating and sustaining medium as well as electrodes. A flare is sealed to the lamp envelope and the flare includes two electrically conductive lead-ins sealed therein, each of the lead-ins having a given diameter. A mica heat shield comprising a planar mica disc frictionally engages the lead-ins, the mica disc having a pair of lead-in receiving apertures therein, the receiving apertures having a diameter greater than the given diameter and each having an oppositely extending, radial slot extending therefrom, each of the slots having a width less than the given diameter. The mica heat shield is positioned on the lead-ins closely and adjacent to the upper surface of the flare by having the slots in frictional engagement with the lead-ins.

Abstract: A flash light operating in the "pulse and simmer" mode has a cathode and an anode 18 mounted at opposite ends of a transparent envelope 10. The cathode, which may be water cooled, includes a mount 24 and a tip 26 joined to the mount by an undercut neck portion 28. Thus the tip 26 runs at an increased operational temperature due to the reduced thermal conductivity of the neck portion. The ratio of the diameter D of the tip 26 to its axial dimension C from the neck portion 28 may be in the range 0.3 to 0.5.

Abstract: In a high-pressure gas discharge lamp having a discharge vessel containing an ionizable gas filling, consisting of translucent material and surrounded by a translucent outer envelope, which is adjoined at an end thereof by a lamp cap, the space between the discharge vessel and the said end of the outer envelope accomodates a thermally insulating porous translucent element consisting of a microporous aerogel.

Abstract: To provide for preheating of a high-pressure discharge lamp (6) having a charge vessel (7) closed off by a pinch or press seal (8), a ceramic holder (1), typically a ceramic tube with multiple capillary openings therein, has a heating wire threaded through the capillary openings, and the ceramic holder is located in intimate thermal transfer with respect to the lamp, for example by being placed and cemented in the transition zone between the discharge vessel (7) and the pinch or press seal. Heater power of about 10 W applied to two such ceramic capillary heaters located adjacent both sides of the pinch or press seal permits preheating the fill of the lamp so that 40% of rated light output can be obtained within several seconds after energization of the electrodes. The lamp is suitable as a headlamp for vehicular use and can be constructed in miniature size, with a discharge vessel volume in the range of 100ths cm.sup.3.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp having a wire connected to at least one of the electrode assemblies of its arc tube. The wire is formed with two separated legs joined at a common point. The legs are both bent toward the common point. The distance between the legs of the wire contracts and expands to compensate for the expansion and contraction of the lamp's arc tube as the lamp is turned on and off.

Abstract: An electric discharge lamp has an arc tube within an outer gas filled glass envelope, and a thermal switching means is located within the outer envelope. The thermal switching means has a bimetal strip and a spring-like member each affixed to at least one of the electrical conductors, and upon application of heat the bimetal strip and spring-like member are flexed to short-circuit the electrical conductors and remove any DC potential between the main electrode and the starting electrode minimizing electrolysis.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a cylindrical shield near an end and around and at a certain distance from the discharge envelope. The cylindrical shield is electrically insulated from current-conveying parts, so that migration of filling constituents through the wall of the discharge envelope is counteracted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure metal halide lamp in which the filling of the discharge vessel also comprises an alkali metal. The discharge vessel is surrounded by an outer envelope. One electrode of the discharge vessel is connected to a current supply conductor extending between the discharge vessel and the outer envelope. A plate-shaped element is mounted between the discharge vessel and the outer envelope in such manner that, viewed from the discharge vessel, the current supply conductor is present substantially entirely behind the plate-shaped element.According to the invention, the plate-shaped element comprises boron nitride.Increase of the arc voltage of the lamp and increase of the color temperature of the radiation emitted by the lamp is prevented in this manner.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp operating on reduced energy consumption includes a unique mount which carries a shield providing both a getter and a mercury dispenser. The lamp has a preferable fill of 80% neon and 20% krypton at a pressure of 2.0 Torr.

Abstract: The high-pressure electric discharge tube of the invention can operate in the open air, with at least 10 Hg mm inner pressure. It has a preferably ceramic (or crystalline) envelope that constitutes an illuminator, with electrodes disposed in two opposite portions of the envelope, appropriate inlets, lead-ins and terminals leading to the electrodes. The discharge tube does not have to be surrounded by the hitherto applied, conventional, glass or other transparent protective envelope, as a result of which the emitted luminous output is free from reflections and the tube can be used throughout the entire spectrum, such as for pumping or driving a laser crystal. The protective envelope, which so far has been an indispensable part of all high-pressure discharge tubes, has been eliminated as a result of the present invention. Adapter tubes are used that prevent oxidation of the electrical elements, as well as specially configured electrodes.

Abstract: A travelling wave tube of the coupled cavity type including a slow wave propagating structure comprised of a linear array of transverse plates axially spaced apart to provide a sequential series of interposed cavities, each of the plates having a cavity coupling aperture radially spaced from an electron beam transmitting aperture and spanned by at least one thermally conductive, dielectric member made of diamond material, which has respective surface areas disposed in thermal contact with opposing side walls of the cavity coupling aperture.

Abstract: A metal vapor arc lamp comprises an alumina ceramic arc tube having an end sealed by an apertured ceramic plug. A metal lead wire extending through the aperture is sealed therein, and supports an electrode within the arc tube. Thermal isolation of the lead wire seal from the electrode is necessary and is achieved by providing a loop in the supporting conductor intervening between the electrode and the lead wire seal region.

Abstract: A metal halide high-intensity arc discharge lamp having a bulb containing elongated electrodes of a refractory metal such as tungsten, and means connecting the electrodes through seals of the bulb to external terminals. Cooling means such as metal fins are provided at the external terminals and function to cool the electrodes relatively quickly whenever the arc discharge terminates, without substantially affecting the desired high operating temperature of the electrodes. The faster cooling of the electrodes upon termination of the arc discharge permits the lamp to be restarted sooner.

Abstract: A high intensity sodium vapor lamp comprises a tubular envelope of alumina ceramic provided with end closures and containing a charge of sodium mercury amalgam in excess of that vaporized during operation. One closure includes a refractory metal tube sealed off at its tip and wherein unvaporized excess of amalgam collects as a liquid pool. In order to have a sufficiently high temperature at the amalgam pool, a metal slug of high heat conductivity such as molybdenum is placed in it and extends from the seal region towards the tip. Such slug also prevents overheating the seal between the ceramic tube and the end cap.

Abstract: The heat-transfer capability of a movable-electrode gas-filled arc lamp is optimized. In the preferred embodiment, the movable electrode is the anode which is mounted at the base of the lamp coaxialy with and spaced apart from the cathode. Low-voltage starting of the lamp is provided by solenoid means for moving the anode briefly into contact with the cathode and then withdrawing the anode from contact with the cathode so that a difference of electrical potential develops between the cathode and the anode, which is sufficient to ionize the gas in the gap formed therebetween. The arc thereby generated in the gap follows the withdrawing anode to its fully spaced-apart position with respect to the cathode. A heat sink member is disposed within the gas-filled envelope at the base of the lamp, and a metal collar is affixed to and surrounds the movable anode. The collar provides thermally conductive contact with the heat sink member when the anode is in its fully spaced-apart position with respect to the cathode.

Abstract: Diamond heat sink members are now employed to conduct thermal energy from slow wave structures in traveling wave type interaction devices to permit operation at high power levels. The diamond members are bonded to adjacent desired components by a method including heating an intermediate metal alloy of an inactive conductive metal and a small amount of a carbide constituent in a vacuum and the application of pressure. A critical temperature slightly above the melting point of the alloy of between 1000.degree. C and 1100.degree. C is required to wet and bond the alloy material to the diamond and any desired surface.