Abstract: A particle shielding element of a shape memory metal is installed between an electroconductive layer on the inner peripheral surface of a neck glass tube of a cathode-ray tube and a shield cup of an electron gun therein to close a gap between the neck glass tube and the shield cup for thereby guarding the electronic gun against invasion of particles, Before the particle shielding element is inserted into the neck glass tube, the element is deformed to reduce its outer diameter so that the element can be inserted into the neck glass tube without scratching the electroconductive layer. After the element has been installed in Position in the neck glass tube, the temperature therein is adjusted to cause the element to recovery to its initial shape into dust sealing engagement with the electroconductive layer.

Abstract: An internal electrostatic field-generating, beam-controlling element in a cathode ray tube is formed by depositing an initially continous layer of resistive material on a substrate and applying a voltage differential across the coating to generate a field-generating current therethrough during operation of the tube. After completion of tube assembly and sealing of the tube envelope, the element is custom fine-tuned by projecting an externally-originating laser beam through the envelope wall to selectively remove portions or areas of the resistive material, thereby predeterminately distorting the electrostatic field and selectively changing the effect of the field on the imaging electron beam. This procedure readily enables both correction of perceived deficiencies in and intentional modifications to one or more characteristics of the electron beam.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp having a multi-U-bent tubular envelope of convoluted configuration is combined with circuit means, a translucent protective cover and a base module to provide an efficient lamp unit of high brightness and long life that is compact enough to be used as a replacement for incandescent lamps in fixtures designed for residential and commerical lighting installations. Various spatial arrangements for including the ballast and starter components of the energizing circuit as integral parts of the compact lamp unit, despite the stringent space limitations, and also venting the cover and base module to provide convection cooling of the convoluted fluorescent lamp and the other electrical components are also disclosed. Tubulations provided on U-bent portions of the lamp envelope serve as phosphor-drainage means during lamp manufacture and are subsequently tipped off to form mercury-condensation chambers within the finished lamp that regulate the mercury-vapor pressure during lamp operation.

Abstract: An electron beam device such as a cathode ray tube having an electron gun (15) comprising a profiled tubular body (22) of a vitreous material. At least some of the electrodes (30, 32, 34, 36) of the electron gun comprising cup-shaped drawn metal members which are push fitted against respective engaging surfaces formed in the tubular body (22). Electrical connections to one or more of these cup-shaped members are point contacts made with lead-out wires (38, 40) held captive in the wall of the tubular body (22). In order to ensure a good point contact, at least the area of the wall in the vicinity of the terminal portion of the or each lead-out wire is flat. In consequence thereof a skirted portion of the or each cup-shaped electrode is flattened slightly against the surface of the wall.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathode ray tube having an envelope 1 comprising a screen 2 and an electron gun 3 which is situated inside the envelope 1 opposite to the screen and which has three electrodes 4, 5 and 6, which electrodes are provided coaxially on the inner wall of a glass tube 7 in adjoining places having diameters differing for each electrode. In order to obtain, for example, smaller dimensions and a better alignment of the electron gun and a higher resolution, a focusing lens associated with the electron gun 3 is a high-ohmic resistance layer 8 having a spiral shape 9.

Abstract: An electron gun for an electron beam device comprises a vitreous elongate tubular body (22) having a plurality of electrodes (24, 27 to 31 and 33 to 37) provided therein. Electrical connections (50, 52, 54) to at least some of these electrodes comprise respective conductors extending within the thickness of the wall of the tubular body (22). The tubular body is made by uniting inner and outer cylindrical members under the influence of heat while drawing them under sub-atmospheric pressure onto a profiled mandril, the electrical connections (50, 52 and 54) having been prepositioned on the inner cylindrical member.

Abstract: An electron beam device such as a cathode ray tube in which spherical aberration is reduced by optimising the axial potential distribution in the focusing lens of the electron gun. In one embodiment of the invention the electron gun comprises a beam forming part and a segmented focusing lens (25). The focusing lens (25) comprises a preformed glass tube (22) having a high-ohmic resistive layer (23) on the interior wall thereof, the resistive layer (23) comprises helical segments (33 to 37) alternated with intermediate segments (42 to 47). A focusing voltage is applied to the intermediate section (42) closest to the beam forming part and a higher voltage is applied to the end segment (47). The lengths of the helical segments (33 to 37) increase in a direction from the point of application of the focusing voltage whereas the lengths of the intermediate segments (42 to 46) decrease. The lengths of the helical segments (33 37) are such as to produce the desired axial potential distribution.

Abstract: An electron beam deflection structure (10) of the traveling wave type effectively cancels the longitudinal voltage gradients and the associated electron beam defocusing that are characteristic of such deflection structures. The deflection structure comprises a first helical coil member (48) and a second helical coil member (50) that are coaxial with the longitudinal axis (26) of the tube. Each of the coil members has wide and narrow segments which alternate along the length of the coil in sequence with the turns of the coil. The first coil member has its wide segments (92a) positioned on the bottom and its narrow segment (92b) on top of the coil member. The second coil member has its wide segments (94a) positioned on top and its narrow segments (94b) positioned on the bottom of the coil member. The narrow segments from one of the coil members are interleaved with the wide segments from the other coil member.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube comprises an electron beam generating section provided at one end of the tube, a target provided at the other end of the tube, and a group of electrodes provided on an inner wall of the tube for focusing and deflecting an electron beam. The electrode group includes first and second electrodes between the one and other ends of the tube in the mentioned order. The first electrode has a lead electrode portion for supplying an electric potential to the second electrode. The lead electrode portion extends along the tube axis with a zigzag form in which an angle .angle.MZN of a convave apex M and a convex apex N adjacent thereto spanning in a circumferential direction centering the tube axis Z is not smaller than 115.degree. or a spiral form which rotates centering the tube axis at a rotation angle not smaller than 420.degree..

Abstract: A resistor assembly built into an electron tube, comprising a resistor element having at least one hole, an inner connector fitted in the hole, and an outer connector which formed integrally with the inner connector, or fixed thereto. The inner connector is electrically connected to the resistor element. The outer connector is secured and electrically connected to a part in the electron tube, whereby the resistor element is electrically connected to said part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a device in which a homogeneous electrical resistance layer of a resistive material having 10 ohm.cm is formed on an insulating substrate. According to the invention a stable binder-free suspension containing ruthenium hydroxide and glass particles is provided on the insulating substrate from which a ruthenium oxide-containing electrical resistance layer is formed by heating. The method according to the invention may be used successfully, for example, in the manufacture of cathode ray tubes.

Abstract: An imaging system for focusing and deflecting an electron beam comprises, as in prior systems, an evacuated envelope structure having a longitudinal axis and a solenoid for generating a substantially uniform magnetic field within the envelope and along the longitudinal axis thereof. As in prior systems of this type, the envelope includes an electrostatic yoke therein for generating a variable substantially uniform electric field within the envelope to deflect the electron beam along two coordinates of the system. The electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field. An electron gun within the envelope generates and directs the electron beam through the magnetic and electric field to a target located opposite the electron gun and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tube. Unlike prior systems, the electrostatic yoke of the present system comprises a first conductive layer bonded to the interior surface of the envelope, and a second conductive layer overlying the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube comprises an envelope, an electron gun having a beam limiting aperture, a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode and a mesh electrode, the first, second and third electrodes constituting electrostatic lens system to focus the electron beam, the second electrode being a deflection electrode of arrow or zig-zag patterns to deflect the electron beam, wherein if distance between the beam limiting aperture and the mesh electrode is l, length of the second electrode is made (1/3 l-1/10 l) and (1/3 l+1/10 l), and distance between the beam limiting aperture and the center of the second electrode is made (1/2 l-1/3 l) to (1/2 l).

Abstract: A cathode ray tube comprises an envelope, an electron beam source positioned at one end of the envelope, a target positioned at another end of the envelope, and an electrostatic lens means positioned between the electron beam source and the target. The lens means has a first cylindrical electrode and a second cylindrical electrode positioned along the electron beam path to focus the electron beam. The second cylindrical electrode is divided into four patterned electrodes, and each of the deflection electrodes has a lead which is formed across the first cylindrical electrode but is isolated therefrom. The portion of the leads is positioned to cause a predeflection to the electron beam.

Abstract: A method of producing a graphite-based conductive coating composition to be applied to the interior wall of a color picture (cathode-ray) tube, which method comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution of electroconductive materials by mixing graphite particles, a metal oxide and a surface treating agent with water, producing an electroconductive powder by instantaneously drying said mixed solution, and mixing said electroconductive powder with a silicate and a dispersant in water and stirring the mixture. Said metal oxide, which is a component of said mixed solution, is preferably titanium oxide and the like and said surface treating agent is preferably silicon oxide. It is also desirable that said mixed solution of electroconductive materials be dried instantaneously by spray drying.

Abstract: Described is a beam device with variable beam energy comprising a focusing system intended to ensure constant focusing of an electron beam on a screen. The focusing system includes two electrodes successively arranged across the path of the electron beam. The first of these electrodes is electrically coupled to an accelerating electrode intended for electron beam shaping; the second electrode is connected to the screen. Interposed between the accelerating electrode and the first electrode is a variable focal power lens intended to maintain constant focusing of the electron beam regardless of changes in the energy of its electrons. The device features a high resolution and a simple control circuit.

Abstract: A low volume, lightweight, high voltage electron gun having an overall size and weight of approximately 50% the size and weight of a conventional electron gun of the same output. This is accomplished by interposing between the cathode and the walls of the housing of the electron gun a thin piece of dielectric material of preselected breakdown strength. The dielectric material is in direct contact with both the cathode and the housing of the electron gun, with the voltage stress between the walls of the housing and the cathode being such that it does not exceed the breakdown strength of the dielectric material.

Abstract: An electron gun includes two electrodes between which a resistive lens structure is mounted. The lens structure comprises a stack of alternate apertured electrode plates and insulator spacer blocks. A high resistance coating of, e.g., cermet or glaze material, is precoated along one side of each spacer block prior to assembly of the stack, so that upon assembly the stack has a high resistance electrical continuity from one end to the other.

Abstract: This invention is directed to glasses especially suitable for use as television picture tube faceplates which exhibit linear X-ray absorption coefficients at 0.6 A of at least 35 cm.sup.-1 and very little browning from X-radiation and electron impingement thereon. The glasses are essentially free from PbO and other readily-reducible metal oxides and consist essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, as calculated from the batch, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 43-55 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-4 ZnO 5-12 Li.sub.2 O 0.5-3 Na.sub.2 O 4-8 K.sub.2 O 3-8 Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 10-18 CaO 0-5 SrO 2-14 BaO 10-20 CaO + SrO + BaO 16-30 CeO.sub.2 0.3-1 ZrO.sub.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube includes an evacuated envelope having an inner surface supporting an arc limiting coating which includes insulator oxide particles, graphite particles and a silicate binder and is characterized by the improvement of insulator oxide particles having an exothermic heat of formation greater than the exothermic heat of formation of iron oxide.

Abstract: A picture display tube comprising an internal resistive layer to restrict the peak current which at the operating potential of the tube is associated with an electrical flash-over possibly occurring therein. The effective part of the resistive layer extends in the neck and over the transition from neck to cone of the envelope of the tube. The resistive layer represents a static resistance value of at most 10.sup.4 Ohm and a dynamic resistance value of at least 300 Ohm.

Abstract: This disclosure depicts an arc-suppression means for use in cathode ray tubes having an electron gun and ancillary electrical circuits susceptible to damaging electrical arcing currents, and wherein getter means are used to capture residual gases in the evacuated envelope of the tube. The arc-suppression means is electrically resistive and is connected in an electrical path between the gun and a high voltage source, and its surface is physically exposed to a deposit of getter material when the getter is flashed. The arc-suppression means includes shadowing means for shadowing at least portions of the exposed surface from a deposit of the getter material to prevent the creation of an electrically conductive shorting path capable of permitting an arc to bypass or substantially nullify the arc-suppression means.

Abstract: The proposed electron beam device with variable beam energy comprises a focusing system intended to ensure constant focusing of an electron beam on a screen. The focusing system includes two electrodes successively arranged across the path of the electron beam. The first of these electrodes is electrically coupled to an accelerating electrode intended for electron beam shaping; the second electrode is connected to the screen. Interposed between the accelerating electrode and the first electrode is a variable focal power lens intended to maintain constant focusing of the electron beam regardless of changes in the energy of its electrons. The proposed device features a high resolution and a simple control circuit.

Abstract: For use in a cathode ray tube, an electron gun for generating at least one electron beam, the gun being characterized by having an elongated discrete arc suppression resistor mounted on an anode electrode of the gun in cantilever fashion at a point spaced from the beam so as not to interfere therewith, the resistor extending substantially axially and supporting on the distal end a getter strap to which it is electrically connected, the getter strap in turn supporting a getter pan assembly containing a vaporizable getter material.

Abstract: An improved internal voltage divider for use in a television cathode ray tube is disclosed that provides one or more temperature-invariant voltages. The tube is subject to internal spatial temperature patterns fixed or varying with time which are incidental to tube warm-up and operation. The voltage divider according to the invention is comprised of at least two electrically series connected resistive sections having like temperature coefficients, and having resistive values of the same order of magnitude. Each section is so positioned and arranged relative to the aforesaid temperature patterns as to have similar average temperature experiences. The voltage divider is connected between a relatively high anode voltage and a suitable low-voltage terminal for receiving a relatively low voltage through the base of the tube. Means are provided for tapping off at least one temperature-invariant intermediate voltage.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube with variable energy of electrons of a beam formed by an electron accelerating means and an electron focusing means which are arranged in tandem along the beam axis. The electron focusing means comprises a magnetic lens with a constant magnetic-field intensity and an electrostatic lens so arranged with respect to the magnetic lens that defocusing of the electron beam by the magnetic lens, due to variations in the energy of the beam electrons, is compensated for. The electrostatic lens comprises two axisymmetric electrodes, the first electrode being electrically associated with the electron accelerating means, along the beam axis, and the second electrode being electrically associated with the screen of the cathode-ray tube.

Abstract: A high resistive electrical conductive coating of discrete composition is provided for band-like deposition in a defined area of the interior surface of substantially the funnel member of a cathode ray tube envelope between the region of the high potential transversal therethrough and the electron generating means oriented in the contiguous neck portion. The coating is an amorphous deposition of a homogeneous mixture of a vitreous substantially insulative frit material admixed with at least one particulate material selected from the group consisting essentially of cadmium oxide, indium oxide and copper oxide wherein the individual particles of the respective oxide ingredients are uniformly dispersed and encapsulated to provide a discretely defined resistive structural means for effecting arc suppression in the region of the electron generating assembly.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube having a glass envelope with a conductive layer covering a portion of the inner surface of the envelope. The major part of the surface covered by the conductive layer is relatively rough to obtain good adhesion of the conductive layer. An electrode within the tube is connected electrically to the conductive layer by a contact spring that presses against a limited region of the conductive layer. The area of the glass surface that is directly behind this limited region is made sufficiently smooth to prevent the contact spring from being held out of engagement with the conductive layer by glass protuberances projecting through the conductive layer and causing arcing between the contact spring and adjacent areas of the conductive layer.

Abstract: An improved color display system employing a beam penetration type cathode-ray tube with rapid color switching. The screen electrode is separated from the accelerating electrodes without the use of an isolating mesh so that the voltage applied to the screen electrode is switched across only a relatively small capacitance. The invention may be used in conjunction with either magnetic or electrostatic deflection beam penetration cathode-ray tubes as well as either magnetic or electrostatic focus tubes. Such display systems may be used for radar type random access or scanned raster type displays.

Abstract: An amorphous, resistive thin film is deposited on internal surfaces of portions of a cathode ray tube by the pyrolysis of a liquid mixture of colloidal graphite and a heavy metal resinate to produce a film which is a mixture of graphite and the oxide of the metal. The metal resinate is a combination of tin and antimony resinate. The film is deposited on the tube neck in the region of the G3 and G4 electrodes to impede arcing. The amorphous film is also deposited on the tube funnel in the region extending from the snubber contact locations up to the anode voltage terminal. The pyrolysis of the heavy metal resinate and colloidal graphite results in a film having a resistance ranging from 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.8 ohms point to point. The amorphous film which does not require a binder, has good adhesion and scratch resistance characteristics, thereby reducing conductive particle contamination.

Abstract: An improved conductive coating for the inner wall of a cathode ray tube is disclosed. The coating consists essentially of 5-25% of at least one of the alkali metal oxides Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O and Li.sub.2 O, 20-80% SiO.sub.2, 2-25% of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Ag.sub.2 O, CuO, CdO, CaO, SrO, BaO, CoO, PbO, MgO, HgO, NiO, ZnO, and MnO, 10-50% carbon, and 0-50% of a filler pigment, the total content of silica plus pigment being 45-85%.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube having a conductive internal coating comprised of carbon, optionally iron oxide, lithium silicate and at least one of sodium and potassium silicates on the interior walls of the tube.

Abstract: Means for deterring the build-up of a deleterious negative charge on the neck portion of a cathode ray tube is provided for utilization in especially those tubes wherein the electron gun structure is particularly close to the glass surface of the encompassing neck. The charge inhibiting means is formed of a circumferential band of insulative oxide material having a roughened topography to provide a discontinuous surface condition to break-up the deposition of metallic sublimation resultant from high temperature tube processing and conditioning. The band is oriented substantially in the rearward section of the neck on the portion thereof substantially encompassing the cathode region of the gun structure.

Abstract: An improvement for inhibiting arcing within a cathode ray tube comprises a combination including a low resistive electrical coating disposed interiorly on the forward portion of the funnel, joined with a high resistive coating disposed interiorly on the rearward portion thereof. Associated therewith are getter means having discretely shaped diffusion direction means to prevent the formation of a conductive path across the high resistive coating. The improved arc suppression combination beneficially improves the dielectric breakdown protection for both the tube and the associated circuitry.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube wherein conductive supporting members of a focusing electrode, in combination with the conductive coating around the envelope, constitute an electrostatic multipole focusing lens.

Abstract: An improvement combination is provided in cathode ray tube construction for expediting improved tube processing and subsequent tube operation. The combination is incorporated in the funnel portion of the tube wherein a first low resistive electrical conductive coating is interiorly disposed in a substantially circumferential manner on the forward portion of the funnel nearest the screen. A high resistive electrical conductive coating is substantially circumferentially interiorly disposed on substantially the intermediate portion of the funnel being contiguous with the first coating, and making contact with a second low resistive electrical conductive coating interiorly disposed on substantially the rear portion of the funnel. This second coating extends into the forward region of the integral neck portion to facilitate electrical connection with the electron gun assembly positioned therein.

Abstract: A high speed electromagnetic deflected electrostatic focus cathode ray tube display having a relatively short magnetic time constant by controlling the gun structure. The volume resistivity and the thickness of resistive materials used in the neck of the cathode ray tube that are cut by changing magnetic flux fields, are selected to provide a relatively short time constant. In one arrangement, the tube focusing control elements near the deflection yoke are formed on a precision ground structure of glass or other suitable ceramic materials. In another arrangement the elements of the tube that are intercepted by the changing magnetic flux are deposited or formed on a precision ground portion of the tube neck. Material deposited on the tube structure or on the tube neck is of a selected maximum volume resistivity and a selected small thickness so that the overall operation has a relatively short time constant.