Abstract: A cathode ray tube and a color selecting member, which can be manufactured without defects by using an existing projection aligner of a simple structure and can always produce a picture of high quality, and manufacture methods thereof. A phosphor layer has a pattern in stripes in the lateral direction of a screen, or in the horizontal direction. A color selecting member has slits elongated in the longitudinal direction of the screen, or in the horizontal scan line direction. Even in case of the thermal expansion of the color selecting member or a considerable longitudinal deviation between the exposure position at the time of manufacture and the position where an electron beam strikes in practical use, an electron beam can freely pass through the slits. Therefore, the accuracy of irradiation of the phosphor layer with the electron beam is not adversely influenced.

Abstract: A laser CRT includes a cathode, a modulator having an orifice for forming an electron beam from the electrons emitted by the cathode, and a beam directing unit directing the electron beam formed by the orifice of the modulator to the laser screen of the laser CRT. To reduce the diameter of the electron beam and to thereby improve the resolution of the laser CRT, the laser CRT includes at least one other modulator having an orifice for forming another electron beam from the electrons emitted by the cathode, the beam directing unit being adapted for directing the other electron beam formed by the at least one other modulator to the laser screen.

Abstract: In the liquid crystal display, a first backlight and a second backlight are provided and lightened simultaneously. Among all the lamps constituting the backlight, those lamps outputting oscillation waves in one phase are made equal or nearly equal in number to those lamps outputting oscillation waves in the phase opposite to the phase mentioned above.

Abstract: In the luminescent screen of a flourescent lamp an organic europium compound is incorporated for converting mercury radiation between 350 nm and 450 nm into red light. The organic europium compound is diluted in an organic polymer. When the fluorescent lamp is dimmed its colour point shifts into the red similar to incandescent lamps and not into the blue.

Abstract: An additional phosphor-excitation mechanism improves the light output of a visible-light emitting phosphor. The present invention provides the ability to improve the light output of not only a four-phosphor arrangement, but also for the traditional three-phosphor display or even a two color or monochrome CRT, such as a black-and-white CRT, as well as for multi-color or more than four color displays. One excitation mechanism indirectly excites the visible-light emitting phosphor by first striking a non-visible-light emitting particle (such as an ultraviolet-emitting phosphor) with an electron beam, which then emits non-visible radiation that strikes a visible-light emitting phosphor, thereby activating the visible-light emitting phosphor. The non-visible-light emitting particles can be disposed behind and/or adjacent to the visible-light emitting phosphors. A second mechanism directly excites the visible-light emitting phosphor by directly striking the visible-light emitting phosphor with an electron beam.

Abstract: A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or treaveling eledtromagnetic wave to enhance the efificenty of the light transmission.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube having an evacuated envelope including a panel portion, a neck portion and a funnel portion for connecting the panel portion and the neck portion. The panel portion includes a faceplate, a plural-color phosphor screen formed on an inner surface of the faceplate and having a multiplicity of phosphor dots of a plurality of colors. A shadow mask has a multiplicity of apertures therein and spaced from the phosphor screen and a plural-beam in-line type electron gun is housed in the neck portion.

Abstract: The invention has for its object to provide a phosphor thin film which can dispense with any filter and has satisfactory color purity, is particularly well fit for RGB full-color Els, and simplifies a full-color EL panel production process, thereby providing a phosphor thin film which is less susceptible to luminance variations and can be produced in improved yields and so at lower costs and its fabrication process as well as an EL panel. This is achieved by the provision of a phosphor thin film comprising a matrix material containing as a main component an alkali earth aluminate that is an oxide, with sulfur added to the matrix material, and further containing an element that provides a luminescentce center.

Abstract: Panel in a cathode ray tube having a flat outside and a curved inside surfaces, which can provide a perfect flat image at an appropriate distance of view, wherein a condition of 2.48×106(mm2)≦R×CFT≦4.38×106(mm2) is set for the CRT for use as a TV receiver, and a condition of 2.17×105(mm2)≦R×CFT≦6.93×105(mm2) is set for the CRT for use as a monitor, where R is a curvature represented by at least one of vertical, horizontal and diagonal curvatures of the inside surface of the panel and CFT is a center thickness of the panel.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube has a vacuum enclosure including a panel unit having a fluorescent film formed on an inner face, the fluorescent film consisting of densely arrayed three color dot trios of a fluorescent material. A shadow mask is mounted in the vicinity of the fluorescent film. The color cathode ray tube further includes a neck unit housing an electron gun for emitting three electron beams and a funnel unit for joining the panel unit and the neck unit. The panel unit has a diagonal diameter of not more than 52 cm and an effective display area on an outer face of the panel unit has a diagonal radius of curvature of not less than 1,300 mm. The dot trios of the fluorescent material are horizontally arrayed in a number of approximately at least 1600, and a cover film is applied to the panel unit to lower optical transmittance.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube has a metal film formed to cover phosphor areas of a phosphor layer on an inner wall of a panel portion of an envelope. The metal film is formed over an organic film resin applied to the phosphor layer, the organic film resin is baked and removed so that the metal film covers the phosphor layer, and cracks are formed in the metal film in a greater number on side portions of the phosphor areas than on an upper portion of the phosphor areas. This construction results in a cathode ray tube with a metal film that can prevent a blister phenomenon and a reduction in brightness.

Abstract: A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or treaveling eledtromagnetic wave to enhance the efificenty of the light transmission.

Abstract: A luminescent material includes erbium, gadolinium and an activator chosen from the rare earth elements and/or the transition metals. Upon excitation with radiation having a short enough wavelength, the luminescent material acts as a quantum cutter and has a quantum efficiency of more than 100%.

Abstract: A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or treaveling eledtromagnetic wave to enhance the efificenty of the light transmission.

Abstract: A photo-luminescent/electro-luminescent display screen includes an electro-luminescent display, a photo-luminescent layer optically coupled to the electro-luminescent display. The photo-luminescent layer includes a transparent layer coated with an amorphous silica with fluorescence behavior. The screen further includes liquid crystal light valves which have a polarizer layer, a transparent glass substrate, a set of transparent electrodes which are formed by indium titanium oxide, a liquid crystal layer, a common transparent electrode formed by indium titanium oxide and a second polarizer layer.

Abstract: In a color cathode ray tube comprising a panel with a substantially rectangular effective portion whose outside face is almost flat or slightly curved and whose inside face has a curvature in the direction of minor axis near the short sides of the portion, and a fluorescent substance screen having a substantially rectangular effective region formed on the inside face of the effective portion of the panel, the short sides in the outer circumference of the effective region of the fluorescent substance screen are projected toward the center of the effective region. This improves the flatness of images appearing on the fluorescent substance screen provided on the inside face of the effective portion in the color cathode ray tube with the outside face of the effective portion of the substantially rectangular panel being almost flat and the inside face having a curvature in the direction of minor axis at least near the short sides.

Abstract: A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or taveling electromagnetic wave to enhance the efficiency of the light transmission.

Abstract: A laser cathode ray tube (laser-CRT) is provided. The laser-CRT includes a connection ring connected to an end portion of a glass bulb where an electron gun is installed, a disk having a single-crystal for generating laser beams when electron beams emitted from the electron gun are input, a support ring connected to the disk and the connection ring, and a junction layer interposed between the support ring and the disk, having at least two metal thin films which have been pressurized and heated, to connect the support ring and the disk to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a luminescent material of general formula (BaxSr1−x−yPby)2Mg(BO3)2 wherein 0≦x≦0.999, 0.0005<y<0.05. Luminescent materials of this general formula are very suitable for use in low pressure mercury discharge lamps for tanning purposes.

Abstract: A pixel for a display device has a shape outlined by a black matrix or a barrier. The pixel is shaped with a polygon having 2(n+1) angled portions where n is a natural number of 2 or more. Such a pixel may be also processed without a previously formed black matrix.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing phosphor powders, methods for making phosphor powders and devices incorporating same. The powders have a small particle size, narrow particle size distribution and are substantially spherical. The method of the invention permits the continuous production of such powders. The invention also relates to products such as display devices incorporating such phosphor powders.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube has a vacuum enclosure including a panel unit having a fluorescent film formed on an inner face thereof, consisting of densely arrayed three color dot trios of a fluorescent material, a shadow mask being mounted in the vicinity of the fluorescent film, a neck unit housing an electron gun for emitting three electron beams, and a funnel unit for joining the panel unit and the neck unit. The said panel unit has a diagonal diameter of not more than 50 cm, an effective display area on an outer face of the panel unit has a diagonal radius of curvature of not less than 1,300 mm, and the dot trios of the fluorescent material are horizontally arrayed in a number of approximately at least 1600.

Abstract: The current coefficient and saturation brightness of a phosphor is increased by coating the surfaces of phosphor particles (11, 21, 41) constituting a powdered phosphor with layers (12, 22, 42), preferably composed of phosphor, of 5 .mu.m, or less in thickness. A cathode-ray tube using this phosphor has a high luminance and/or a high resolution. If the above phosphor contains phosphor particles covered with electrically conductive phosphor and is used for an electroluminescence device or a vacuum fluorescent display, the life time and stability are improved.

Abstract: In a in-line plural beam color cathode ray tube, the phosphor screen is configured such that a horizontal phosphor dot pitch Ph is nearly uniform in a first region within a first predetermined distance from the vertical center line toward sides of the useful area and increases gradually with increasing distance from the vertical center line toward the sides of the useful area outside of the first region; and a vertical phosphor dot pitch Pv decreases gradually with increasing distance from the vertical center line toward the sides of the useful area outside of the second region, where Pv is a vertical distance between a first horizontal row of the phosphor dots and a second horizontal row of the phosphor dots and adjacent to the first horizontal row, and Ph is a horizontal distance between a first phosphor dot of a first color in the first horizontal row and a second phosphor dot of the first color in the second horizontal row and nearest the first phosphor dot.

Abstract: A color cathode-ray tube, and a method for manufacturing this color cathode-ray tube capable of reducing light/dark line patterns produced while the color cathode-ray tube is operated. Exposing light which has passed through a correction lens made of a continuous lens and a discontinuous lens is irradiated onto a photosensitive film of an inner surface of a face panel of the color cathode-ray tube via a shadow mask so as to expose this photosensitive film, and then while using the exposed photosensitive film as a mask, fluorescent dot patterns are formed on a surface of the face panel. The correction lens having a discontinuous plane owns a plurality of light incident planes, a light projection plane for projecting the light entered into the light incident planes outside this light projection plane, and a plurality of level difference planes arranged between the light incident planes located adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a phosphor screen for a flickerless cathode ray tube comprising the steps of forming red and green phosphor layers on a panel for a cathode ray tube on which a black matrix is formed, forming a blue phosphor layer on said panel on which a black matrix is formed by coating the blue phosphor slurry and drying and forming a double phosphor layer by coating an ultraviolet phosphor slurry on said blue phosphor layer and drying, is provided.

Abstract: A color display device is provided with a black-matrix layer, a phosphor pattern and color-filter layers. The theological behavior of the suspension and/or the evaporation of volatile constituents is influenced by the topology of the color-filter layers, with, in particular, projecting color-filter layers exerting an influence. As a result, variations in thickness between the phosphor layers occur. By reducing the differences in height between a projecting color-filter layer and the black-matrix layer, the variations in thickness between the phosphor layers are reduced and hence the quality of the picture displayed is improved.

Abstract: A color display device for emitting, in operation, red, blue and green light having a substrate provided with a black matrix and only blue and red color filter layers.

Abstract: New oxide phosphors based on doped gallium oxides, alkaline earth gallates and germanates for electoluminescent display materials. Bright orange red electroluminescence has been obtained in amorphous and crystalline oxides Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Eu for the first time. SrGa.sub.2 O.sub.4 and SrGa.sub.4 O.sub.9 doped with 1-8 mole % of Eu and Tb, CaGa.sub.2 O.sub.4, Ca.sub.3 Ga.sub.2 O.sub.8 and CaGa.sub.4 O.sub.7 doped with 1-4 mole % of Eu, Tb, Pr and Dy, BaGa.sub.2 O.sub.4 doped with 1-2 mole % of Eu and Tb, have been prepared using RF magnetron sputtering onto ceramic dielectric substrates and annealed at 600.degree. C.-950.degree. C. in air or Ar for 1-2 hours. Bright electroluminescent (EL) emission was obtained with wavelengths covering the visible spectrum from 400 to 700 nm, and infrared emission above 700 nm with spectral peaks characteristic of rare earth transitions. The films of CaGa.sub.2 O.sub.4 with 1 mole % Eu achieved 22 fL (75 cd/m.sup.2) at 60 Hz and had a maximum efficiency of 0.

Abstract: A projection television device includes a projection cathode-ray tube for red (1a), a projection cathode-ray tube for green (1b) and a projection cathode-ray tube for blue (1c) which are provided with phosphor layers (5a, 5b and 5c), respectively, each having a thickness which varies continuously so that it may be thick at the center portion and may be thinner at the peripheral portion. Having the above configuration, the projection television device makes it possible to suppress the loss in resolution and luminance at the peripheral portion of the image projected on the screen, thereby ensuring uniform resolution and luminance of the image. Thus, it becomes possible to enhance the quality of the image produced on the screen.

Abstract: A double layer phosphor screen comprising a panel having black matrix for a CRT and red, green and blue phosphors on the panel, wherein the phosphor is formed on which the black matrix is not formed and the blue phosphor is formed in double layers, and the CIE Y color coordinate of the blue phosphor for a first layer formed on the panel is 0.045 to 0.065, the CIE Y color coordinate of the blue phosphor for a second layer formed on the first layer is 0.075 to 0.095, improves brightness, color reproducing range and contrast.

Abstract: A color cathode-ray tube having a good quality of display screen in which a fluorescent dot pattern is formed to have good configuration and positional accuracies.

Abstract: A dispersion electroluminescent device and a switch unit using the same are disclosed. The dispersion electroluminescent device includes three electrodes: first and second electrode layers and a common electrode layer. The common electrode layer is disposed between the first and second electrode layers. An electroluminescent layer and a first dielectric layer are disposed between the first electrode layer and the common electrode layer. A second dielectric layer is disposed between the common electrode layer and the second electrode layer. A voltage source applies first and second ac or dc pulse voltages, which are 180.degree. out of phase with each other, across the first electrode layer and the common electrode layer and across the common electrode layer and the second electrode layer, respectively, for canceling mechanical vibrations produced at the first and second dielectric layers by each other.

Abstract: A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or traveling electromagnetic wave to enhance the efficiency of the light transmission.

Abstract: The invention relates to a luminescent zeolite of the Faujasite type containing Ce.sup.3+ ions. Such a zeolite can for instance be used in the luminescent screen of a low pressure mercury discharge lamp for use in photochemical processes. According to the invention the zeolite further contains cations S.sup.n+, wherein n.gtoreq.2 and the sum of the amount of Ce.sup.3+ ions and the amount of cations S.sup.n+ per unit cell of the zeolite is at least 16. The zeolite exhibits a high quantum efficiency for converting UV radiation of 254 nm into radiation having an emission maximum between 315 and 400 nm, even in case the Ce.sup.3+ ion content is relatively low.

Abstract: In a color cathode-ray tube, the effective area of the panel is formed to be smaller than panel projected area of the apertured area of the shadow mask. The effective area of the panel having straight outlines and right-angled corners to form a rectangular shape, and each of apexes thereof coincides with that of the panel projected area. To obtain the above rectangular effective area, the present invention adopts means for restricting exposing extent between the light source and the panel, in the exposure of black matrix (FIG. 6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of coating luminescent powders with a coating which comprises silicon dioxide, which method is characterized in that in a first step luminescent particles are dispersed in a solution containing one or more metallo-organic compounds of silicon and, optionally, metallo-organic compounds of further elements in a hydrous solvent mixture having a pH-value of 1<pH 5, whereafter the metallo-organic compounds are hydrolysed by adding ammonia. A further aspect of the invention relates to a luminescent powder having a coating composed of silicon oxide and at least one oxide of a further element selected from the group formed by aluminum, barium, lead, boron, magnesium, titanium, zinc, zirconium, cobalt, copper and iron.

Abstract: A light-emitting structure (306) contains a main section (302), a pattern of ridges (314) situated along the main section, and a plurality of light-emissive regions (313) situated in spaces between the ridges. The light-emissive regions produce light of various colors upon being hit by electrons. The ridges, which extend further away from the main section than the light-emissive regions, are substantially non-emissive of light when hit by electrons. Each ridge includes a dark region. The ridges thereby form a raised black matrix that improves contrast and color purity. When the light-emitting structure is used in an optical display, the raised black matrix contacts internal supports (308) and, in so doing, protects the light-emissive regions from being damaged. The light-emitting structure can be formed according to various techniques of the invention.

Abstract: A full color TFEL display includes stacked panels emitting blue and a combination of red and green light. The panel nearest the viewer employs transparent electrodes on both sides and an insulator bridge structure for the scanning electrodes that alleviates the effect of pinhole defects. The panel farthest from the viewer employs transparent-top electrodes. Each row electrode on the scanning side includes an insulator bridge extending across the panel and then ITO pads extending laterally of the bridge onto the EL stack to form sub pixel points. A bus bar connects all the pixel pads in a row and provides the scanning voltage. The insulator bridge prevents the bus bars from shorting out and permits the pixel pads to fuse open in the event of a short circuit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a display screen including a transparent substrate, color optical filters formed on the substrate, and a black matrix layer formed on the filters and consisting of black pigment particles. Phosphor layers are formed on the color optical filters on which the black matrix layer is formed.

Abstract: A laser cathode-ray tube having an electron beam source, a means for its control, and a laser target containing a supporting substrate, a cavity resonator formed by two mirrors and multilayer semiconductor structure having active and passive strained layers, whose difference in lattice parameters in a free state is up to 10% or more and which have coherent boundaries between each other in the structure.

Abstract: A phosphor layer structure of a color cathode ray tube in a screen formed of a block matrix and red, green and blue phosphors is suitable for improving white luminance, in which .tau.>.alpha., .tau.>.beta. and .alpha..beta..alpha./.tau., and .alpha./.tau.=0.91.about.0.65 providing that a width occupied by the red phosphor is designated by .alpha., that occupied by the blue phosphor is .beta. and that occupied by the green phosphor is .tau..

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel cost efficient luminescent composition comprising particles of a core material which have been coated with a luminescent material that is distributed in the form of a chemically homogeneous layer. The average diameter of the core particle is in the range of from about 0.5 to 20 microns, and the coating corresponds to between about 2 and 30 wt % of the total composition. One aspect the invention relates to a process for preparing the composition which comprises decomposing chelated metal luminescent precursors in solution at a relatively high pH while in the presence of dispersed core particles, thereby coating the core particles with hydrous metal oxides, recovering the coated particles, washing the coated particles substantially free from soluble species, drying and calcining. In another aspect, a hydrous oxide coating is converted to a sulfide coating by treating the hydrous coating with a source of active sulfur.

Abstract: There is provided a method for the fabrication of multilayer electroluminescence device, comprising the steps of: forming a lower electrode with a predetermined pattern on a substrate: forming a first insulation layer on the lower electrode atop the substrate; forming a multiply luminescent layer consisting of CaS and SrS on the first insulation layer at the same temperature with that for the first insulation layer; forming a second insulation film on the luminescent layer; and forming an upper electrode with a predetermined on the second insulation layer.In the multiply luminescent layer, a plurality of CaS plies and a plurality of SrS plies are formed in such a way that the CaS plies and the SrS plies alternate with each other and the outmost upper and lower plies are formed of CaS.The constituent substances for the multiply luminescent layer, CaS and SrS, can be deposited at the same temperature and have similar lattice constants which can lead to a matched interface between the CaS and SrS plies.

Abstract: A face plate (10) of an FED image display has a grooved rear surface (25) formed with projections (36). Projections (36) have surfaces (39) covered in regions (58, 59) with electrical conductive material (54) and different color emitting phosphor particles (56a, 56b). The regions (58, 59) define different color anode combs. Surfaces (39) in regions (61) between regions (58,59) are covered with insulative, light absorbing material (62) for absorption of ambient light. Surfaces (39) are formed to encourage forward direction of phosphor-emitted light. In one embodiment, surfaces (39) serve to channel ambient light rearwardly toward projection apexes (40) which are covered with light absorbing material (62). Projections (36) may be parallel elongated prisms, pyramids or cones.

Abstract: A computer image display device includes a light transparent glass anode plate (10) spaced from a cathode substrate (12) which has a plurality of microtips (14). Plate (10) has an inside surface (25) which is contoured with an array of prisms (36) having equal sides (58, 59) that converge rearwardly toward apexes (38) of peaks (36). Apexes (38) are covered with light absorbing material (47), then covered at anode comb forming regions (51, 52, 53) with conductive material (48). Different color luminescing phosphors (24a, 24b, 24c) are applied over the respective anode combs (51, 52, 53). Sides (58, 59) direct ambient light toward apexes (38) for absorption by material (47). Light emitted by phosphors (24a, 24b, 24c) is directed by valleys (60) toward outside surface (35) of plate (10).

Abstract: An optical device contains first and second plates (302 and 303), a pattern of ridges (314) situated over the first plate, light-emissive regions (313) situated in spaces between the ridges, electron-emissive elements (309) situated over the second plate, and supporting structure (308) that maintains a desired spacing between the plates. The electron-emissive elements emit electrons that strike the light-emissive regions, causing them to produce light of various colors. The ridges, which extend further away from the first plate than the light-emissive regions, are substantially non-emissive of light when hit by electrons. Each ridge includes a dark region formed with metal, ceramic, semiconductor, or/and carbide. The ridges thereby form a raised black matrix that improves contrast and color purity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a luminescent screen and to a low pressure mercury discharge lamp comprising such a luminescent screen. According to the invention the luminescent screen comprises a zeolite containing trivalent Ce. The luminescent screen exhibits a large quantum efficiency for converting UV radiation of 254 nm into radiation having an emission maximum at approximately 346 nm.

Abstract: The present invention enlarges the effective display area of a CRT for projecting while maintaining the strength of the panel necessary to allow for normal usage without breaking. The inside portion of the effective display area inside the rectangular display area is of a predetermined radius, and protrudes inward, extending in all directions. The four corners of the display area are outside of the circular boundary line comprised of the standard thickness Tf. Non-display areas H which are outside the boundary line are flat or protuberant, and have a thickness greater than the standard thickness Tf. Accordingly, with the present invention, the effective display area A2 can be made larger than previous effective display areas A1 in the prior art, which could not extend beyond a border that included the four corners, while maintaining overall the necessary strength.

Abstract: A faceplate for a field emission display includes a substrate defining a faceplate interior side. Pluralities of phosphor pixels are disposed on the faceplate interior side. A black matrix grid is formed of column and row guard bands on the faceplate interior side. At least one wall gripper is formed in a column or row guard band, with the wall gripper adapted to receive a spacer wall and mount it relative to the pluralities of phosphor pixels. The faceplate can include a faceplate fiducial that optically aligns to a corresponding backplate fiducial. A spacer wall is positioned in the wall gripper and mounted relative to a corresponding locator formed on a backplate interior side. The wall gripper includes a receiving trench that is positioned adjacent to a plurality of deformation accommodation gaps.