Abstract: The present invention is a method and material for using a sorbent material to capture and stabilize mercury. The method for using sorbent material to capture and stabilize mercury contains the following steps. First, the sorbent material is provided. The sorbent material, in one embodiment, is nano-particles. In a preferred embodiment, the nano-particles are unstabilized nano-Se. Next, the sorbent material is exposed to mercury in an environment. As a result, the sorbent material captures and stabilizes mercury from the environment. In the preferred embodiment, the environment is an indoor space in which a fluorescent has broken.

Abstract: A support for filiform elements containing an active material in form of powders is described, comprising anchoring means of the support and blocking means for the filiform element, a method for manufacturing said support and lamps wherein said supports are employed.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp includes a discharge tube such as a spiral discharge tube having a wall forming a discharge chamber between cathodes at first and second ends thereof. At least one auxiliary amalgam assembly is disposed in the discharge chamber at an intermediate region disposed between the first and second ends. The auxiliary amalgam assembly is secured at a location spaced from the inner wall of the discharge chamber.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp (1) configured as a coaxial double tube comprises an inner tube (3), which is disposed coaxially inside an outer tube (2). The inner tube (3) comprises an inner electrode tube (8) provided for receiving the inner electrode (7) and a getter tube (10) provided for receiving getter material (9). The inner electrode tube (8) and getter tube (10) are separated from each other in a gastight manner by a partition (11).

Abstract: A plasma display panel has a front substrate including a plurality of display electrode pairs, a dielectric layer, and a protective layer, and a rear substrate including a plurality of data electrodes, a barrier rib, and a phosphor layer. The front substrate and rear substrate face each other so that the display electrode pairs and the data electrodes intersect, and a hydrogen-absorbing material containing palladium is disposed inside the plasma display panel.

Abstract: A light emission device includes a vacuum chamber including a first substrate, a second substrate spaced from and facing the first substrate, and a sealing member between the first substrate and the second substrate. An electron emission unit is on the first substrate, the electron emission unit including a plurality of electron emission elements. A light emission unit is on the second substrate, the light emission unit including a phosphor layer. A barrier is spaced from the sealing member between the first substrate and the second substrate. At least one stud pin is fixed on at least one of the sealing member and the barrier and a getter unit is attached to the at least one stud pin, the getter unit fixed between the sealing member and the barrier.

Abstract: A vacuum device, including a substrate and a support structure having a support perimeter, where the support structure is disposed over the substrate. In addition, the vacuum device also includes a non-evaporable getter layer having an exposed surface area. The non-evaporable getter layer is disposed over the support structure, and extends beyond the support perimeter, in at least one direction, of the support structure forming a vacuum gap between the substrate and the non-evaporable getter layer increasing the exposed surface area.

Abstract: An embodiment of an encapsulated organic optoelectronic device is described. The encapsulated device includes a hybrid getter film which is composed of a getter and a handling agent.

Abstract: An electron device such as a fluorescent display tube is provided, wherein a simple ring-less getter can be simply fixed and arranged with a large degree of freedom. The ring-less getter is securely fixed to the inner surface of the glass anode substrate using laser beams. The laser beam is irradiated onto the ring-less getter from outside the anode substrate. Thus, the laser beam passes through the anode substrate thus heating and melting the ring-less getter. The corresponding inner surface of the anode substrate is melted through the heating. In cooling, the portion where the ring-less getter and the anode substrate are in a molten state is solidified, so that the ring-less getter is bonded to the anode substrate. The ring-less getter is shaped arbitrarily through press-working a getter material.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus composed of a vacuum container having an electron source composed of multiple electron-emitting devices and a phosphor film that is irradiated with an electron from the electron source to emit light for display, an ion pump for exhausting the vacuum container through a communicating path by virtue of an action of a magnetism forming portion is arranged. A magnetic shielding member is arranged in a space where the ion pump and the electron-emitting devices are in communication with each other, whereby an influence of a magnetic field generated by the magnetism forming portion on the trajectory of an electron emitted from any one of the electron-emitting devices and display luminance unevenness incidental to the influence are removed.

Abstract: A vacuum retention agent, which is safe, easy to handle, saves space, and absorbs residual gases inside a hermetic envelope to maintain the hermetic envelope in a high degree of vacuum is provided in place of the conventional metal getter. A display device including the vacuum retention agent is provided. A gas occlusion material containing ZrOx (where 1?x?2) is disposed in a hermetic envelope forming a self-luminous element. ZrOx is formed in pattern from a paste of zirconium dioxide, which can be generally obtained as a reagent. In a production step, the patterned self-luminous element is hermetically sealed in vacuum in an atmosphere at 120° C. to 500° C., so that the vacuum retention effect is more improved.

Abstract: An electric lamp is provided having a luminescent layer on the lamp envelope that produces visible light when impinged by ultraviolet radiation generated within the lamp. An undercoat for the electric lamp increases the luminous efficacy of the lamp. The undercoat includes a particulate non-fluorescent material derived from a sintered mixture of an aluminum oxide material with a contiguous layer of getter material which reacts with contaminants present in the lamp. The getter material is an alkaline earth metal borate material or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Provided are an organic electroluminescent device and a method of manufacturing the same. An organic electroluminescent device, comprising a rear substrate, an organic electroluminescent unit formed on one surface of the rear substrate and having a first electrode, an organic film, and a second electrode, and a front substrate joined to the rear substrate and having a porous oxide layer based on alumina on an inner surface of the front substrate. The alumina is hydrated amorphous alumina.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an electron tube including a front substrate and a back substrate, a wiring and an electrode are formed on the front substrate and/or the back substrate. A component is mounted on the front substrate and/or the back substrate. A ring-less getter is mounted on at least one of the front substrate, the back substrate and the component. A vessel is assembled and sealed so that the front substrate faces the back substrate. A light is irradiated on the ring-less getter from outside of the sealed vessel, thereby activating the ring-less getter.

Abstract: In accordance with certain embodiments, the present technique includes a system for sealing a lamp including a thermal shield and a thermally susceptible enclosure disposed adjacent the thermal shield. The thermal shield has a first receptacle adapted to receive a first portion of the lamp. The thermally susceptible enclosure comprises a wall about a second receptacle adapted to receive a second portion of the lamp. The wall has a varying thickness in a desired sealing region between the first and second portions of the lamp.

Abstract: A gas injection port structure for a flat fluorescent lap (FFL) is provided. The FFL has a flat lower plate and an upper plate that form a channel therebetween, and at least one gas injection port in communication with the channel. The gas injection port may be formed at a predetermined position on the upper plate so that a height of the gas injection port is level with or lower than a height of the channel. The gas injection port may contain a mercury getter and a sealing material having a passage formed therethrough so that mercury vapor may be injected into the channel and then the channel sealed. The gas injection port minimizes a thickness of the FFL, and improves durability of the FFL.

Abstract: An image display unit having a structure in which a heat-resisting fine particle layer is formed on a metal back layer disposed on a phosphor layer, and a getter layer is deposited/formed on the heat-resisting fine particle layer by vapor-depositing. The fine particle layer is desirably formed in a specified pattern, and a filmy getter layer is formed in a pattern complementary to the former pattern. The average particle size of heat-resisting fine particles which may use SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 is 5 nm to 30 ?m. Since abnormal discharging is restricted, the destruction and deterioration of an electron emitting element and a phosphor screen are prevented to provide a high-brightness, high-grade display.

Abstract: A vacuum device, including a substrate and a support structure having a support perimeter, where the support structure is disposed over the substrate. In addition, the vacuum device also includes a non-evaporable getter layer having an exposed surface area. The non-evaporable getter layer is disposed over the support structure, and extends beyond the support perimeter, in at least one direction, of the support structure forming a vacuum gap between the substrate and the non-evaporable getter layer increasing the exposed surface area.

Abstract: A getter is a porous sintered metallic alloy used to absorb non-inert gases. The getter is placed in a getter well of a ring laser gyroscope system or other gas discharge system. The getter well is any enclosure in which a getter resides. The getter absorbs oxygen, which may be needed by some gyroscope components to operate. By restricting the gas flow into the getter well or by placing a diffusion barrier on the getter material, the getter may absorb non-inert gas at a slower rate.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device comprising at least one field effect electron source within a sealed structure, which encompasses an internal space that contains a reducing gas whose purpose is to prevent oxidation of the emissive material of the electron source, whereby the reducing gas is a gas with the formula NxHy where x=1 or 2 and y=3 or 4, and which is advantageously under a pressure of between 10?8 and 10?1 mbar. It also concerns manufacturing processes for such a device and apparatuses for implementing these processes.

Abstract: Electron emitter structure for field emission display, a tabular vacuum chamber confined between a rigid transparent front plate and a substantially flat electron emitting structure including a plurality of emitting elements, the residual contaminant gas molecules being removed by transversal pumping through a plurality of pores spread out on the electron emitting structure in order to reach a layer of getter material uniformly distributed over the display area. The emitting elements may be provided by Spindt emitters, sharp or serrated metallic edges or carbon nanotubes. The electron emitting structure includes upper and lower metallic layers plated over the upper and lower surfaces of an insulating plate, the latter consisting of a photo-etchable or plasma-etchable material, such as polyimide or SU8.

Abstract: A microdevice assembly (20) that includes a device microstructure (22), a housing (30), and a fine grain getter layer (40). The housing (30) has a base portion (32) and a lid (34). The device microstructure (22) is attached to the base portion (32) and the lid (34) is hermetically sealed to the base portion (32). The housing (30) defines a cavity (38) surrounding the device microstructure (22). The fine grain getter layer (40) is on an interior side (42) of the lid (34) for maintaining a vacuum in the cavity (38) surrounding the device microstructure (22). The lid (34) may be made of metal or have at least a metallic surface in the region where the fine grain getter layer (40) is applied. The fine grain getter layer (40) has a sub-micron grain size. There is also a method for making the microdevice assembly (20).

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an electron tube including a front substrate and a back substrate, a wiring and an electrode are formed on the front substrate and/or the back substrate. A component is mounted on the front substrate and/or the back substrate. A ring-less getter is mounted on at least one of the front substrate, the back substrate and the component. A vessel is assembled and sealed so that the front substrate faces the back substrate. A light is irradiated on the ring-less getter from outside of the sealed vessel, thereby activating the ring-less getter.

Abstract: The lamp comprises a discharge vessel (2) which is closed off in a vacuum-tight manner and is arranged in an outer bulb (12), a getter material being held on a support body inside the outer bulb (12). The support body is a support strip (31) to which the getter material is applied, the support strip being bent in such a way that it is automatically held in the outer bulb (12) without the need for any auxiliary means.

Abstract: A metal halide discharge lamp has an ellipsoidal outer envelope with a quartz glass arc tube on its major axis supported by a frame having metal straps engaging pinched ends of the arc tube, which lie in a common pinch plane. An inert gas fill between the arc tube and the envelope establishes convection flow patterns during operation. Getters in the form of strips of ZrAl alloy are welded to the straps at 45° to the pinch plane on opposite sides thereof. The getter orientation improves absorption of impurities during horizontal lamp orientation, so that hydrogen spikes and other problems are eliminated.

Abstract: A getter is a porous sintered metallic alloy used to absorb non-inert gases. The getter is placed in a getter well of a ring laser gyroscope system or other gas discharge system. The getter well is any enclosure in which a getter resides. The getter absorbs oxygen, which may be needed by some gyroscope components to operate. By restricting the gas flow into the getter well or by placing a diffusion barrier on the getter material, the getter may absorb non-inert gas at a slower rate.

Abstract: A vacuum envelope that can improve the vacuum degree in a field emission device is provided. The vacuum envelope includes the cathode side substrate 2 on which field emission elements are formed and the anode substrate 1 spaced by a predetermined distance in the electron emission direction. At least two openings are formed before sealing the vacuum envelope. The remaining gas is ousted from the vacuum envelope by introducing a high temperature gas inside the vacuum envelope for a predetermined period of time. Thereafter, one of the openings is sealed while the envelope is being evacuated to a vacuum state through the remaining openings.

Abstract: A vacuum container for a field emission cathode device capable of attaining manufacturing of the field emission cathode device with increased efficiency and enhancing durability thereof. The vacuum container includes a cathode-side substrate on which field emission cathodes are formed and an anode-side substrate arranged so as to be spaced from each other at a predetermined distance in a direction in which electrons are emitted, resulting in a space being defined therebetween. A gas or hydrogen emission material is arranged at at least one position including a position which is defined in said space or an additional space contiguous to said space and is farthest from said evacuation section.

Abstract: A frittable evaporable getter device includes a metallic container having a disk-shaped bottom wall and a side wall extending upwardly from the bottom wall. A powder compact having an upper surface in which at least two radial recesses are formed is disposed in the container. The powder compact is formed of a mixture of BaAl.sub.4 powder and nickel powder. A discontinuous metallic member is embedded in the powder compact such that the member does not protrude from the upper surface of the powder compact and the member is spaced apart from the bottom wall of the container. An evaporable getter device having reduced activation time includes a powder compact formed of a mixture of BaAl.sub.4 powder, nickel powder, and between about 0.3% and about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture of a third component selected from aluminum, iron, titanium, and alloys thereof.

Abstract: A Field Emitter Device (FED) having a substantially reducing atmosphere is described. The atmosphere in a FED can be maintained substantially free of oxidizing gases and includes a partial pressure of hydrogen between about 1.times.10.sup.-7 millibar (mbar) and 1.times.10.sup.-3 mbar. In one embodiment, a non-evaporable getter material previously charged with hydrogen gas is placed inside the FED before the FED is sealed. The non-evaporable getter material can be charged by exposure to hydrogen gas at a pressure between about 1.times.10.sup.-4 and about 2 bar. Subsequently, the components forming the FED are sealed, and the FED is evacuated and hermetically sealed to the outside atmosphere.

Abstract: An integral and internal matrix getter structure for capturing residual gas in a vacuum sealed container is disclosed. The vacuum sealed container may be a flat panel display having a small vacuum gap between two closely spaced panels. The getter structure may be provided on the inside of the walls of the display. In particular, the getter structure may be provided between phosphor groups and/or between field emitter groups on the display panels. The getter structure may be sealed to avoid exposure of the getter material until after a vacuum condition is reached within the display. Activation of the getter structure may be provided by selectively heating the getter structure with a laser or with resistive heating elements underlying the getter structure. Methods of making the getter structure are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a tri-plate vacuum-sealed field emission type display facilitates mass production ex-situ. The method is based on a plate including an anode plate, a backing plate including at least one sealed access orifice, and a cathode/substrate plate secured between the anode plate and the backing plate. The cathode/substrate plate is vented in the active area, with a multitude of pass-through apertures, each aperture being conically shaped to optimize uninterrupted travel of damaging gas molecules to a getter located on the opposite side. Before sealing the access orifice in the backing plate, the orifice is used to decontaminate the inside of the display with a cleaning gas and to insert a granule form of getter.

Abstract: A metal halide discharge lamp includes an outer evacuated sealed glass envelope having a domed end and a socket end spaced from the domed end along a longitudinal axis. The socket end is subject to high temperature sealing fires during the lamp manufacturing process. A getter material is contained in the envelope for removing gaseous materials therefrom, the getter material being positioned in the envelope in an area of the lamp remote from the socket end. A pair of electrical conductors extend into the interior of the glass envelope and an arc tube containing an arc sustaining chemical fill and including a pair of spaced electrodes is electrically connected to the electrical conductors for creating an electric arc during operation of the lamp. The getter material comprises about 70 weight percent zirconium, about 24.6 weight percent vanadium, and about 5.4 weight percent iron. The activation temperature of the getter is in the range of 400.degree.-500.degree. C.

Abstract: A ring laser angular rate sensor getter mounting clip is configured so that the susceptibility of the mounting clip to radio frequency (RF) energy used to activate the getter is minimized. The clip is configured so that opposing RF current flow is induced which prevents heating of the clip beyond force relieving temperatures for the clip material, whereby the clip maintains its retaining force within a getter well via three contact surfaces to more stably retain the getter in its proper position within the well.

Abstract: An improved dimmable dual filament fluorescent lamp including a first filament and a second filament with automatic current switching between the first element and the second element when the first element opens due to a failure and further having a separating cold cathode getter plate disposed between the first filament and the second filament.

Abstract: A glow discharge lamp that includes a light transmitting envelope containing a noble gas fill material and a pair of electrodes disposed in the envelope. Lead-in wires couple to the electrodes and extend to and are hermetically sealed in the envelope. The electrodes include an anode electrode and a cathode electrode. A getter material is disposed on an auxiliary electrode. The getter material is maintained at an elevated temperature by virtue of a continuous lamp discharge to thus maintain chemical pumping in the envelope for the absorption of residual envelope gases.

Abstract: A gas probe starter for an electrodeless HID lamp includes a getter for removing gaseous impurities from the fill contained in the starting chamber of the gas probe starter. In a preferred embodiment, a metal foil having active getter material disposed on the surfaces thereof in the form of a sintered powder is inserted at an optimum location in the starting chamber which depends on the optimum operating temperature of the particular getter material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a getter assembly for a gas discharge device in which the getter assembly consists of a snap-ring wherein the snap-ring includes a depression or trough for holding the getter material. The getter assembly is intended to be placed in an opening in a gas discharge device providing the function of a getter.

Abstract: A glow discharge lamp that includes a light transmitting envelope containing a noble gas fill material and a pair of electrodes disposed in the envelope. Lead-in wires couple to the electrodes and extend to and are hermetically sealed in the envelope. The electrodes include an anode electrode and a cathode electrode. A getter material is disposed on the anode electrode. The getter material is maintained at an elevated temperature by virtue of a continuous lamp discharge to thus maintain chemical pumping in the envelope for the absorption of residual envelope gases.

Abstract: A glow discharge starter having an hermetically sealed envelope of vitreous material, a seal located at one end thereof and containing an ionizable medium. A pair of electrical conductors extend through the seal and terminate in a spaced relationship to form a pair of electrodes within the envelope. At least one of the electrodes has a bimetallic element secured thereto. The bimetallic element is deformable by heat into engagement with the other of the electrodes. Gettering means contained within the envelope reduces dark effect by improving dark starting and reduces aging time of the glow discharge starter. Preferably, the gettering means is a metal selected from the group consisting of bismuth and lead.

Abstract: The invention relates to an unsaturated high-pressure sodium lamp provided with a discharge vessel enclosing a discharge space, having a ceramic wall and closed at both ends by a leadthrough element to which an electrode is secured, and at least one electrode provided with emitter material. The fill material within the discharge vessel contains sodium, mercury and a rare gas. According to the invention, the discharge space also contains in metallic form one or more of the elements Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba up to at most 10% by weight of the mercury metered.

Abstract: A lamp including a fill gas with a mercury component may be safely dosed with mercury by including at least one mercury capsule in the envelope for subsequent opening by radiant means to dose the closed envelope with mercury. A spring coil or similar means may be used for supporting the capsule in a tubular envelope at a position independent of and separated from the press-seal area. The support means generally comprises a compression positioning member, preferably in the form of a coil spring, having the capsule or capsules secured thereto and further having an uncompressed state prior to insertion in the envelope and a compressed state upon insertion in the envelope for retention of the compression positioning member and as a result, the mercury capsule, in a substantially fixed position in the envelope. Once the capsule is in position, the lamp may be safely closed, and the capsule opened by inductive, or other radiant heating.

Abstract: In the present invention, a getter assembly is formed by a housing containing a cavity in which the passageway into the cavity is covered by an end cover which is permeable to selected gases. Internal to the cavity formed by the housing is an activated getter material for eliminating selected gas contaminants within the cavity.

Abstract: A gas discharge device is provided with a getter film by sputtering an electrode used normally for device operation.

Abstract: An oxidation-sensitive element electrically connected in series with the discharge vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp extinguishes the lamp when the element, upon fracture of the outer envelope of the lamp, is oxidized and prevents damage as a result of emission of UV radiation.In a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention, the oxidation-sensitive element (7) consists of an electric insulator (20) on which two spaced conductors (21, 22) are provided which are interconnected electrically by a vapor-deposited layer (23) of an oxygen-gettering metallic, evaporating getter. Opposite to the insulator (20) is present a holder (8) from which the getter was previously evaporated on to the insulator.